1. Interleukin-6 and Cardiovascular Events in Healthy Adults
- Author
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Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, MD, MSc, Khawaja M. Talha, MBBS, Muhammad Haisum Maqsood, MD, Jennifer A. Rymer, MD, MBA, Barry A. Borlaug, MD, Kieran F. Docherty, MD, Ambarish Pandey, MD, Florian Kahles, MD, Maja Cikes, MD, Carolyn S.P. Lam, MD, Anique Ducharme, MD, Adrian A. Voors, MD, Adrian F. Hernandez, MD, A. Michael Lincoff, MD, Mark C. Petrie, MD, Paul M. Ridker, MD, MPH, and Marat Fudim, MD, MHS
- Subjects
cardiovascular disease ,ethnicity ,inflammation ,interleukin-6 ,population ,race ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Background: Elevated interleukin (IL)-6 levels have been linked to adverse outcomes in patients with and without baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between circulating IL-6 levels and CVD events without baseline CVD across racial and ethnic groups. Methods: We conducted an observational analysis utilizing the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), a multicenter, prospective community-based study of CVD at baseline from four racial and ethnic groups. IL-6 levels were measured at the time of enrollment (visit 1) and were divided into 3 terciles. Patient baseline characteristics and outcomes, including all-cause mortality, CV mortality, heart failure, and non-CV mortality, were included. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess associations between IL-6 levels and study outcomes with IL-6 tercile 1 as reference. Results: Of 6,622 individuals, over half were women (53%) with a median age of 62 (IQR: 53-70) years. Racial and ethnic composition was non-Hispanic White (39%) followed by African American (27%), Hispanic (22%), and Chinese American (12%). Compared to tercile 1, participants with IL-6 tercile 3 had a higher adjusted risk of and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.98 [95% CI: 1.67-2.36]), CV mortality (HR: 1.55 [95% CI: 1.05-2.30]), non-CV mortality (HR: 2.05 [95% CI: 1.65-2.56]), and heart failure (HR: 1.48 [95% CI: 0.99-2.19]). When tested as a continuous variable, higher levels of IL-6 were associated with an increased risk of all individual outcomes. Compared to non-Hispanic White participants, the unadjusted and adjusted risk of all outcomes across all races and ethnicities was similar across all IL-6 terciles. Conclusions: High levels of circulating IL-6 are associated with worse CV outcomes and increased all-cause mortality consistently across all racial and ethnic groups.
- Published
- 2024
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