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2. Investigation of Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of 8YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings: Atmospheric Plasma Spray versus Electron Beam-Physical Vapour Deposition

Author

Prajakta Nikhil Kadam, Dattataraya Bhise, Nikhil Rajendra Kadam, Vijay Kolate, Khandu Gavali, and Satish Deshmukh

Subjects
plasma spray, eb-pvd, spray angle, microstructure, residual stress, mechanical properties, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570
Abstract

In this study, the formation and growth of coating microstructure was studied and reported based on APS and EB-PVD deposition mechanism with the change in spray angle. A NiCrAlY bond coat with 8YSZ ceramic coat was applied by APS and EB-PVD deposition onto the Inconel 718 with the variation in spray angle. The investigation was divided into microstructural analysis and mechanical properties to determine the effect of different deposition mechanism and its variation in spray angle. The results obtained show that the APS with 60° spray angle has more presence of defects, followed by APS 90° and EB-PVD samples. The APS avg. grain size varies between ~ 400 to 800nm, whereas EB-PVD in between ~ 150 to 300nm. The EB-PVD with 90° spray angle results in low porosity i.e. 18.12 % followed by APS 90°, EB-PVD 60°, and APS 60° spray angle, respectively. The low porosity results in high compressive residual stress than medium and high porosity. The avg. Raman shift for EB-PVD 90° spray angle i.e. low porosity is 1.86 cm-1, for medium i.e. APS 90° and EB-PVD 60° is 1.33cm-1 and 1.53cm-1 respectively, and for high porosity is 0.93cm-1. The 90° spray angle showed better microstructural and mechanical properties compared to 60°.

Published
2024
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5. Interannual variability of temperature in the UTLS region over Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna river basin based on COSMIC GNSS RO data

Author

Khandu, J. L. Awange, and E. Forootan

Subjects
Environmental engineering, TA170-171, Earthwork. Foundations, TA715-787
Abstract

Poor reliability of radiosonde records across South Asia imposes serious challenges in understanding the structure of upper-tropospheric and lower-stratospheric (UTLS) region. The Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) mission launched in April 2006 has overcome many observational limitations inherent in conventional atmospheric sounding instruments. This study examines the interannual variability of UTLS temperature over the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) river basin in South Asia using monthly averaged COSMIC radio occultation (RO) data, together with two global reanalyses. Comparisons between August 2006 and December 2013 indicate that MERRA (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research Application) and ERA-Interim (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis) are warmer than COSMIC RO data by 2 °C between 200 and 50 hPa levels. These warm biases with respect to COSMIC RO data are found to be consistent over time. The UTLS temperature show considerable interannual variability from 2006 to 2013 in addition to warming (cooling) trends in the troposphere (stratosphere). The cold (warm) anomalies in the upper troposphere (tropopause region) are found to be associated with warm ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) phase, while quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is negatively (positively) correlated with temperature anomalies at 70 hPa (50 hPa) level. PCA (principal component analysis) decomposition of tropopause temperatures and heights over the basin indicate that ENSO accounts for 73 % of the interannual (non-seasonal) variability with a correlation of 0.77 with Niño3.4 index whereas the QBO explains about 10 % of the variability. The largest tropopause anomaly associated with ENSO occurs during the winter, when ENSO reaches its peak. The tropopause temperature (height) increased (decreased) by about 1.5 °C (300 m) during the last major El Niño event of 2009/2010. In general, we find decreasing (increasing) trend in tropopause temperature (height) between 2006 and 2013.

Published
2016
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6. Cultivating Reflective Teachers: Challenging Power and Promoting Pedagogy of Self-Assessment in Australian, Bhutanese, and Canadian Teacher Education Programs

Author

DeLuca, Christopher, Willis, Jill, Dorji, Khandu, and Sherman, Ann

Abstract

In this article, we look at three teacher education programs across three countries--Australia, Bhutan, and Canada--to examine how reflection is cultivated in pre-service teachers (also referred to as teacher candidates) through a pedagogy of self-assessment. We begin from the premise that a cornerstone of effective teaching is the capacity of an educator to reflect on their practice and to use their reflections for professional growth and development. Qualitative data were collected from teacher candidates from one teacher education program in each country to obtain the views and reflections of teacher candidates about the power and pedagogy of self-assessment to inform their learning and development. Analysis of results led to three overarching themes: (a) consistent learning priorities of pre-service teachers as they engage with reflection; (b) pedagogical features that leverage self-assessment strategies to enhance reflective practice; and (c) the possibilities for reflection to facilitate a professional stance towards learning. Each theme is discussed with consideration for teacher education practices and theory.

Published
2023
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7. Happiness, Wellbeing, and Mental Health in Bhutanese Higher Education: Exploring Student and Staff Experiences and Perceptions within a Framework of Gross National Happiness

Author

Schuelka, Matthew J., Braznell, Mollie, Leavesley, Matthew, Dorji, Sangay, Dorji, Khandu, Nidup, Karma, and Latsho, Pema

Abstract

Bhutan is a country known for happiness. In the 1970s, the Fourth Druk Gyalpo [Dragon King] of Bhutan established the development philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH). However, using 'happiness' as a measurement of social and economic development does not mean that all Bhutanese are 'happy' themselves. Schools -- including higher education -- can be stressful places in Bhutan, and there is little support or resources for the mental health and wellbeing needs of students. In this article, we explore the experiences and perceptions of both students and staff across the Royal University of Bhutan in regard to wellbeing and mental health. In all, there were over 1,700 respondents to our survey. We explore the results of the survey through an Educational Values Evaluation and Design (EVED) framework to understand the complex factors that both enable and challenge GNH as a value in higher education. The results show that while many students view their happiness and wellbeing as positive overall, there are still a significant amount that experience depression, stress, social difficulties, and other forms of distress. In comparison to college staff perception of student's mental health and wellbeing, the students are more positive about their own wellbeing than the staff.

Published
2021

9. Direct-acting antiviral therapies for hepatitis C infection: global registration, reimbursement, and restrictions

Author

Sargsyants, N., Suleymanova, L., Salkic, N., Simonova, M., Nemeth-Blazic, T., Mravcik, V., Kivimets, K., Salupere, R., Butsashvili, M., Soselia, G., Makara, M., Tolmane, I., Jancorienė, L., Stratulat, S., Flisiak, R., Gheorghe, L., Cernat, R., Lakhov, A., Stanevich, O., Jarcuska, P., Peck-Radosavljevic, M., Robaeys, G., Øvrehus, A., Foster, G., Sutinen, J., Farkkila, M., Rautiainen, H., Vuoti, S., Nikolova, D., Pawlotsky, J.M., Rockstroh, J., Sypsa, V., Papatheodoridis, G., Olafsson, S., Feeney, E., Teti, E., Seguin-Devaux, C., Pocock, J., Reiff, S., McDougall, N., Van der Valk, M., Dalgard, O., Tato Marinho, R., Dillon, J., Peters, E., Bojovic, K., Matičič, M., Kåberg, M., Bruggmann, P., Healy, B., Chong, V.H., Yi, S., Tucker, J., Pasaribu, L.R., Tanaka, J., Ashley, E.A., Abu Hassan, M.R., Mohammed, N.S., Chan, H.K., Gidaagaya, S., Kyi, K.P., Hyung Joon, K., Chin, B., Baladjay, P.C., Kao, J.H., Wansom, T., da Cruz, B., Flower, B., Ehsan, E., Al Mahtab, M., Khandu, L., Bhadoria, A.S., Alavi, M., KC, P., Hamid, S., Biryukov, S., Alymbaeva, D., Alaei, A., Bakieva, S., Flichman, D., Carmo, R.F., Valdez, E., Cortes, C.P., Contreras, F., Teran, E., Velez-Moller, P., Jagnarine, T., Mills, M., Goodman-Meza, D., Sánchez, J., Montenegro-Idrogo, J.J., Lugo Canales, A.M., Davy, J., Alexander, A., Gerona, S., Perazzo, R., Balak, D., Kelly-Hanku, A., Fineanganofo, A., Gane, E., Raymond, N., Debzi, N., Sridharan, K., Waked, I., Turner, D., Shibolet, O., Al Muzaini, A., El Nakib, M., Sheriff, D.S., Brahni, T., Essayagh, T., Essayagh, S., Hjaija, D., Al-Naamani, K., Sanai, F.M., Pasquale, H., Bedri, S., Chakroun, M., Ghrabi, A., Akarca, U.S., Falcao, V., Edmond Gbedo, S., Ouoba, S., Nyabenda, F., Rocher Mbella, M., Mahamat Moussa, A., Youssouf, T., Boniface, Y., Akilimali Shindano, T., Hamida, M.E., Mongo, A., Mapapa, C., Desalegn, H., Embinga, E.L.A., Ndow, G., Nartey, Y., Cisse, M., Djalo, M.A., Mugambi, M., Nyakowa, M., Jeuronlon, M.K., Ngoma, J., Manitrala Ramanampamonjy, R., Naik, K., Soyjaudah, M.D., Filipe, E., Nnakelu, E., Serumondo, J., Mbodj, M., Patino, M., Aalto, M.K., Waweru, P., Dagnra, A., Ocama, P., Maghimbi, A., Hamooya, B.M., Katsidzira, L., Rios, C., Thormann, M., Al Marzooqi, N., Al Rand, H.M., Francois, K., Hamoudi, W., Alkharty, M., Skripo, O., Uka, T., Marshall, Alison D, Willing, Alex R, Kairouz, Abe, Cunningham, Evan B, Wheeler, Alice, O’Brien, Nicholas, Perera, Vidura, Ward, John W, Hiebert, Lindsey, Degenhardt, Louisa, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Colledge, Samantha, Hickman, Matthew, Jawad, Danielle, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, Matthews, Gail V, Scheibe, Andrew, Vickerman, Peter, Dore, Gregory J, and Grebely, Jason

Published
2024
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15. Global change in hepatitis C virus prevalence and cascade of care between 2015 and 2020: a modelling study

Author

Blach, Sarah, Terrault, Norah A, Tacke, Frank, Gamkrelidze, Ivane, Craxi, Antonio, Tanaka, Junko, Waked, Imam, Dore, Gregory J, Abbas, Zaigham, Abdallah, Ayat R, Abdulla, Maheeba, Aghemo, Alessio, Aho, Inka, Akarca, Ulus S, Alalwan, Abduljaleel M, Alanko Blomé, Marianne, Al-Busafi, Said A, Aleman, Soo, Alghamdi, Abdullah S, Al-Hamoudi, Waleed K, Aljumah, Abdulrahman A, Al-Naamani, Khalid, Al Serkal, Yousif M, Altraif, Ibrahim H, Anand, Anil C, Anderson, Motswedi, Andersson, Monique I, Athanasakis, Kostas, Baatarkhuu, Oidov, Bakieva, Shokhista R, Ben-Ari, Ziv, Bessone, Fernando, Biondi, Mia J, Bizri, Abdul Rahman N, Brandão-Mello, Carlos E, Brigida, Krestina, Brown, Kimberly A, Brown, Jr, Robert S, Bruggmann, Philip, Brunetto, Maurizia R, Busschots, Dana, Buti, Maria, Butsashvili, Maia, Cabezas, Joaquin, Chae, Chungman, Chaloska Ivanova, Viktorija, Chan, Henry Lik Yuen, Cheinquer, Hugo, Cheng, Kent Jason, Cheon, Myeong-Eun, Chien, Cheng-Hung, Chien, Rong-Nan, Choudhuri, Gourdas, Christensen, Peer Brehm, Chuang, Wan-Long, Chulanov, Vladimir, Cisneros, Laura E, Coco, Barbara, Contreras, Fernando A, Cornberg, Markus, Cramp, Matthew E, Crespo, Javier, Cui, Fuqiang, Cunningham, Chris W, Dagher Abou, Lucy, Dalgard, Olav, Dao, Doan Y, De Ledinghen, Victor, Derbala, Moutaz F, Deuba, Keshab, Dhindsa, Karan, Djauzi, Samsuridjal, Drazilova, Sylvia, Duberg, Ann-Sofi, Elbadri, Mohammed, El-Sayed, Manal H, Esmat, Gamal, Estes, Chris, Ezzat, Sameera, Färkkilä, Martti A, Ferradini, Laurent, Ferraz, Maria Lucia G, Ferreira, Paulo R A, Filipec Kanizaj, Tajana, Flisiak, Robert, Frankova, Sona, Fung, James, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gane, Edward, Garcia, Virginia, García-Samaniego, Javier, Gemilyan, Manik, Genov, Jordan, Gheorghe, Liliana S, Gholam, Pierre M, Goldis, Adrian, Gottfredsson, Magnus, Gray, Richard T, Grebely, Jason, Gschwantler, Michael, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Hamid, Saeed S, Hamoudi, Waseem, Hatzakis, Angelos, Hellard, Margaret E, Himatt, Sayed, Hofer, Harald, Hrstic, Irena, Hunyady, Bela, Husa, Petr, Husic-Selimovic, Azra, Jafri, Wasim S M, Janicko, Martin, Janjua, Naveed, Jarcuska, Peter, Jaroszewicz, Jerzy, Jerkeman, Anna, Jeruma, Agita, Jia, Jidong, Jonasson, Jon G, Kåberg, Martin, Kaita, Kelly D E, Kaliaskarova, Kulpash S, Kao, Jia-Horng, Kasymov, Omor T, Kelly-Hanku, Angela, Khamis, Faryal, Khamis, Jawad, Khan, Aamir G, Khandu, Lekey, Khoudri, Ibtissam, Kielland, Knut B, Kim, Do Young, Kodjoh, Nicolas, Kondili, Loreta A, Krajden, Mel, Krarup, Henrik Bygum, Kristian, Pavol, Kwon, Jisoo A, Lagging, Martin, Laleman, Wim, Lao, Wai Cheung, Lavanchy, Daniel, Lázaro, Pablo, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, Lee, Alice U, Lee, Mei-Hsuan, Li, Michael K K, Liakina, Valentina, Lim, Young-Suk, Löve, Arthur, Lukšić, Boris, Machekera, Shepherd Mufudzi, Malu, Abraham O, Marinho, Rui T, Maticic, Mojca, Mekonnen, Hailemichael D, Mendes-Correa, Maria Cássia, Mendez-Sanchez, Nahum, Merat, Shahin, Meshesha, Berhane Redae, Midgard, Håvard, Mills, Mike, Mohamed, Rosmawati, Mooneyhan, Ellen, Moreno, Christophe, Muljono, David H, Müllhaupt, Beat, Musabaev, Erkin, Muyldermans, Gaëtan, Nartey, Yvonne Ayerki, Naveira, Marcelo C M, Negro, Francesco, Nersesov, Alexander V, Njouom, Richard, Ntagirabiri, Rénovat, Nurmatov, Zuridin S, Obekpa, Solomon A, Oguche, Stephen, Olafsson, Sigurdur, Ong, Janus P, Opare-Sem, Ohene K, Orrego, Mauricio, Øvrehus, Anne L, Pan, Calvin Q, Papatheodoridis, George V, Peck-Radosavljevic, Markus, Pessoa, Mário G, Phillips, Richard O, Pimenov, Nikolay, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Prabdial-Sing, Nishi N, Puri, Pankaj, Qureshi, Huma, Rahman, Aninda, Ramji, Alnoor, Razavi-Shearer, Devin M, Razavi-Shearer, Kathryn, Ridruejo, Ezequiel, Ríos-Hincapié, Cielo Y, Rizvi, S M Shahriar, Robaeys, Geert K M M, Roberts, Lewis R, Roberts, Stuart K, Ryder, Stephen D, Sadirova, Shakhlo, Saeed, Umar, Safadi, Rifaat, Sagalova, Olga, Said, Sanaa S, Salupere, Riina, Sanai, Faisal M, Sanchez-Avila, Juan F, Saraswat, Vivek A, Sarrazin, Christoph, Sarybayeva, Gulya, Seguin-Devaux, Carole, Sharara, Ala I, Sheikh, Mahdi, Shewaye, Abate B, Sievert, William, Simojoki, Kaarlo, Simonova, Marieta Y, Sonderup, Mark W, Spearman, C Wendy, Sperl, Jan, Stauber, Rudolf E, Stedman, Catherine A M, Su, Tung-Hung, Suleiman, Anita, Sypsa, Vana, Tamayo Antabak, Natalia, Tan, Soek-Siam, Tergast, Tammo L, Thurairajah, Prem H, Tolmane, Ieva, Tomasiewicz, Krzysztof, Tsereteli, Maia, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S C, Van De Vijver, David A M C, Van Santen, Daniela K, Van Vlierberghe, Hans, Van Welzen, Berend, Vanwolleghem, Thomas, Vélez-Möller, Patricia, Villamil, Federico, Vince, Adriana, Waheed, Yasir, Weis, Nina, Wong, Vincent W-S, Yaghi, Cesar G, Yesmembetov, Kakharman, Yosry, Ayman, Yuen, Man-Fung, Yunihastuti, Evy, Zeuzem, Stefan, Zuckerman, Eli, and Razavi, Homie A

Published
2022
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22. A Review on Optimizing M70 Grade Concrete Mix Design with Fly-Ash (IS: 10262 – 2019)

Author

Patil, Amrut Khandu, Umarani, Chaitresh S., Ghagare, Sarvesh Ashok, Mane, Raj Vijay, Sawant, Vinayak Rajendra, Desai, Prajwal Bapusaheb, Patil, Amrut Khandu, Umarani, Chaitresh S., Ghagare, Sarvesh Ashok, Mane, Raj Vijay, Sawant, Vinayak Rajendra, and Desai, Prajwal Bapusaheb

Abstract

The main object of this paper is to design a mix for High-strength concrete (HSC) of M70 grade concrete for various water-to-cement ratios using proper proportion, admixtures, and manufactured sand with the required workability of concrete to adopt any shape and develop strength on hardening had made one of the most versatile materials on the earth. Concrete comprises various ingredients that help create a good matrix of it. Concrete ingredients affect its various characteristics like strength, durability, etc. High-strength concrete has a compressive strength of up to 100 MPa compared to conventional concrete, which has a compressive strength of less than 40 MPa. The low water-cement ratio is a crucial aspect that can be achieved using chemical admixtures such as superplasticizers. The study follows the IS Method of Concrete Mix Design as per IS Code 10262:2019. Also, in the design mix of HSC, the fly ash was used at various percentage replacement levels, i.e., 15%, 17.5%, and 20%, respectively.

Published
2024

27. Direct-acting antiviral therapies for hepatitis C infection: global registration, reimbursement, and restrictions

Author

Marshall, Alison D, primary, Willing, Alex R, additional, Kairouz, Abe, additional, Cunningham, Evan B, additional, Wheeler, Alice, additional, O’Brien, Nicholas, additional, Perera, Vidura, additional, Ward, John W, additional, Hiebert, Lindsey, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, additional, Colledge, Samantha, additional, Hickman, Matthew, additional, Jawad, Danielle, additional, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, additional, Matthews, Gail V, additional, Scheibe, Andrew, additional, Vickerman, Peter, additional, Dore, Gregory J, additional, Grebely, Jason, additional, Sargsyants, N., additional, Suleymanova, L., additional, Salkic, N., additional, Simonova, M., additional, Nemeth-Blazic, T., additional, Mravcik, V., additional, Kivimets, K., additional, Salupere, R., additional, Butsashvili, M., additional, Soselia, G., additional, Makara, M., additional, Tolmane, I., additional, Jancorienė, L., additional, Stratulat, S., additional, Flisiak, R., additional, Gheorghe, L., additional, Cernat, R., additional, Lakhov, A., additional, Stanevich, O., additional, Jarcuska, P., additional, Peck-Radosavljevic, M., additional, Robaeys, G., additional, Øvrehus, A., additional, Foster, G., additional, Sutinen, J., additional, Farkkila, M., additional, Rautiainen, H., additional, Vuoti, S., additional, Nikolova, D., additional, Pawlotsky, J.M., additional, Rockstroh, J., additional, Sypsa, V., additional, Papatheodoridis, G., additional, Olafsson, S., additional, Feeney, E., additional, Teti, E., additional, Seguin-Devaux, C., additional, Pocock, J., additional, Reiff, S., additional, McDougall, N., additional, Van der Valk, M., additional, Dalgard, O., additional, Tato Marinho, R., additional, Dillon, J., additional, Peters, E., additional, Bojovic, K., additional, Matičič, M., additional, Kåberg, M., additional, Bruggmann, P., additional, Healy, B., additional, Chong, V.H., additional, Yi, S., additional, Tucker, J., additional, Pasaribu, L.R., additional, Tanaka, J., additional, Ashley, E.A., additional, Abu Hassan, M.R., additional, Mohammed, N.S., additional, Chan, H.K., additional, Gidaagaya, S., additional, Kyi, K.P., additional, Hyung Joon, K., additional, Chin, B., additional, Baladjay, P.C., additional, Kao, J.H., additional, Wansom, T., additional, da Cruz, B., additional, Flower, B., additional, Ehsan, E., additional, Al Mahtab, M., additional, Khandu, L., additional, Bhadoria, A.S., additional, Alavi, M., additional, KC, P., additional, Hamid, S., additional, Biryukov, S., additional, Alymbaeva, D., additional, Alaei, A., additional, Bakieva, S., additional, Flichman, D., additional, Carmo, R.F., additional, Valdez, E., additional, Cortes, C.P., additional, Contreras, F., additional, Teran, E., additional, Velez-Moller, P., additional, Jagnarine, T., additional, Mills, M., additional, Goodman-Meza, D., additional, Sánchez, J., additional, Montenegro-Idrogo, J.J., additional, Lugo Canales, A.M., additional, Davy, J., additional, Alexander, A., additional, Gerona, S., additional, Perazzo, R., additional, Balak, D., additional, Kelly-Hanku, A., additional, Fineanganofo, A., additional, Gane, E., additional, Raymond, N., additional, Debzi, N., additional, Sridharan, K., additional, Waked, I., additional, Turner, D., additional, Shibolet, O., additional, Al Muzaini, A., additional, El Nakib, M., additional, Sheriff, D.S., additional, Brahni, T., additional, Essayagh, T., additional, Essayagh, S., additional, Hjaija, D., additional, Al-Naamani, K., additional, Sanai, F.M., additional, Pasquale, H., additional, Bedri, S., additional, Chakroun, M., additional, Ghrabi, A., additional, Akarca, U.S., additional, Falcao, V., additional, Edmond Gbedo, S., additional, Ouoba, S., additional, Nyabenda, F., additional, Rocher Mbella, M., additional, Mahamat Moussa, A., additional, Youssouf, T., additional, Boniface, Y., additional, Akilimali Shindano, T., additional, Hamida, M.E., additional, Mongo, A., additional, Mapapa, C., additional, Desalegn, H., additional, Embinga, E.L.A., additional, Ndow, G., additional, Nartey, Y., additional, Cisse, M., additional, Djalo, M.A., additional, Mugambi, M., additional, Nyakowa, M., additional, Jeuronlon, M.K., additional, Ngoma, J., additional, Manitrala Ramanampamonjy, R., additional, Naik, K., additional, Soyjaudah, M.D., additional, Filipe, E., additional, Nnakelu, E., additional, Serumondo, J., additional, Mbodj, M., additional, Patino, M., additional, Aalto, M.K., additional, Waweru, P., additional, Dagnra, A., additional, Ocama, P., additional, Maghimbi, A., additional, Hamooya, B.M., additional, Katsidzira, L., additional, Rios, C., additional, Thormann, M., additional, Al Marzooqi, N., additional, Al Rand, H.M., additional, Francois, K., additional, Hamoudi, W., additional, Alkharty, M., additional, Skripo, O., additional, and Uka, T., additional

Published
2024
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28. Compositional Verification of Evolving Software Product Lines

Author

Millo, Jean-Vivien, Ramesh, S., Krishna, Shankara Narayanan, and Narwane, Ganesh Khandu

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach to the design verification of Software Product Lines(SPL). The proposed approach assumes that the requirements and designs are modeled as finite state machines with variability information. The variability information at the requirement and design levels are expressed differently and at different levels of abstraction. Also the proposed approach supports verification of SPL in which new features and variability may be added incrementally. Given the design and requirements of an SPL, the proposed design verification method ensures that every product at the design level behaviorally conforms to a product at the requirement level. The conformance procedure is compositional in the sense that the verification of an entire SPL consisting of multiple features is reduced to the verification of the individual features. The method has been implemented and demonstrated in a prototype tool SPLEnD (SPL Engine for Design Verification) on a couple of fairly large case studies.

Published
2012

29. Investigation of Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of 8YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings: Atmospheric Plasma Spray versus Electron Beam-Physical Vapour Deposition.

Author

Kadam, Prajakta Nikhil, Bhise, Dattataraya, Kadam, Nikhil Rajendra, Kolate, Vijay, Gavali, Khandu, and Deshmukh, Satish

Subjects
PLASMA sprayed coatings, CERAMIC coating, PLASMA spraying, RESIDUAL stresses, GRAIN size
Abstract

In this study, the formation and growth of coating microstructure was studied and reported based on APS and EB-PVD deposition mechanism with the change in spray angle. A NiCrAlY bond coat with 8YSZ ceramic coat was applied by APS and EB-PVD deposition onto the Inconel 718 with the variation in spray angle. The investigation was divided into microstructural analysis and mechanical properties to determine the effect of different deposition mechanism and its variation in spray angle. The results obtained show that the APS with 60° spray angle has more presence of defects, followed by APS 90° and EB-PVD samples. The APS avg. grain size varies between 400 to 800nm, whereas EB-PVD in between - 150 to 300nm. The EB-PVD with 90° spray angle results in low porosity i.e. 18.12 % followed by APS 90°, EB-PVD 60°, and APS 60° spray angle, respectively. The low porosity results in high compressive residual stress than medium and high porosity. The avg. Raman shift for EB-PVD 90° spray angle i.e. low porosity is 1.86 cm-1, for medium i.e. APS 90° and EB-PVD 60° is 1.33cm-1 and 1.53cm-1 respectively, and for high porosity is 0.93cm-1. The 90° spray angle showed better microstructural and mechanical properties compared to 60°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Arterial stiffness and vascular ageing in COVID-19 recovered young patients -- A comparative study.

Author

Joshi, Prema Krishnarao, Shinde, Bhagwat Vaman, and Jadhav, Kashinath Khandu

Abstract

This article presents a study that examined the cardiovascular health of individuals who had recovered from COVID-19. The study found that these patients had increased arterial stiffness and vascular aging compared to a control group. The findings suggest that COVID-19 infection may have long-term effects on cardiovascular health, specifically leading to atherosclerosis. The study highlights the importance of regular screening and lifestyle modifications for post-COVID patients to mitigate potential cardiovascular risks. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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36. Pinus roxburghii stand dynamics at a heavily impacted site in Nepal: Research through an educational fieldweek

Author

Speer, James H., Bräuning, Achim, Zhang, Qi-Bin, Pourtahmasi, Kambiz, Gaire, Narayan P., Dawadi, Binod, Rana, Prabina, Dhakal, Yub Raj, Acharya, Ram Hari, Adhikari, Dhruba Lochan, Adhikari, Shankar, Aryal, Prakash Chandra, Bagale, Damodar, Baniya, Binod, Bhandari, Sanjaya, Dahal, Navin, Dahal, Suchana, Ganbaatar, Narmandakh, Giri, Anjana, Gurung, D.B, Khandu, Yeshey, Maharjan, Binu, Maharjan, Rajan, Malik, Rayees Ahmad, Nath, Cheryl D., Nepal, Bikash, Ngoma, Justine, Pant, Ramesh, Pathak, Mitra Lal, Paudel, Hari, Sharma, Bimal, Hossain, Md Sarwar, Soronzonbold, Bayarbaatar, Swe, Thida, Thapa, Ichchha, and Tiwari, Achyut

Published
2017
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39. Structural analysis of spike proteins from SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern highlighting their functional alterations

Author

Kundan Solanki, Sajjan Rajpoot, Ashutosh Kumar, Kam Y J Zhang, Tomokazu Ohishi, Nik Hirani, Khandu Wadhonkar, Pramod Patidar, Qiuwei Pan, Mirza S Baig, and Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Subjects
Virology
Abstract

Aim: Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein have dramatically changed the transmissibility and pathogenicity of the virus. Therefore, we studied the binding affinity of Omicron spike-receptor binding domain (S-RBD) with human ACE2 receptor. Materials & methods: We used pyDockWEB and HADDOCK 2.4 docking for our study. Results: Computational docking indicated higher binding affinity of Omicron S-RBD as compared with wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and Delta S-RBD with ACE2. Interface analysis suggested four mutated residues of Omicron S-RBD for its enhanced binding. We also showed decreased binding affinity of Omicron and Delta S-RBDs with monoclonal antibodies. Conclusion: Compared with wild-type SARS-CoV-2, Omicron S-RBD exhibit higher binding with ACE2 and lower affinity against monoclonal antibodies.

Published
2022

40. Performance Evaluation of Ammonium Dinitramide-Based Monopropellant in a 1N Thruster.

Author

Yoon, Wonjae, Bhosale, Vikas Khandu, and Yoon, Hosung

Subjects
COMBUSTION efficiency, PROPULSION systems, PROPELLANTS, AMMONIUM, PEBBLE bed reactors, HIGH temperatures
Abstract

The development of propulsion systems based on green propellants, as an alternative to hydrazines, has been gaining interest within the space community. The study of Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN)-based liquid monopropellant, which is low-toxic and can deliver high performance, is the focal point of interest for Space Solutions Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea. A 1N ADN-based propulsion system was designed to evaluate the performance of the propellant. By combining a thermal and catalytic bed in a reactor, the performance of the propellant was examined in a designed thruster (chamber pressure of 11 bar). A total of 16 tests, with pulse mode experiments, were conducted; the accumulated firing time was 285 s. The preheating temperatures were maintained between 350 and 400 °C to achieve steady-state combustion. Notably, the maximum combustion efficiency was 91%. Test 9 recorded the highest decomposition temperature of propellant in the catalyst bed (1422 °C). Interestingly, the combustion instability observed throughout this study was ≤0.5%. This study could assist in the further development of ADN-based propulsion systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Cultivating reflective teachers: Challenging power and promoting pedagogy of self-assessment in Australian, Bhutanese, and Canadian teacher education programs

Author

Christopher DeLuca, Jill Willis, Khandu Dorji, and Ann Sherman

Subjects
Sociology and Political Science, Education
Abstract

In this article, we look at three teacher education programs across three countries—Australia, Bhutan, and Canada—to examine how reflection is cultivated in pre-service teachers (also referred to as teacher candidates) through a pedagogy of self-assessment. We begin from the premise that a cornerstone of effective teaching is the capacity of an educator to reflect on their practice and to use their reflections for professional growth and development. Qualitative data were collected from teacher candidates from one teacher education program in each country to obtain the views and reflections of teacher candidates about the power and pedagogy of self-assessment to inform their learning and development. Analysis of results led to three overarching themes: (a) consistent learning priorities of pre-service teachers as they engage with reflection; (b) pedagogical features that leverage self-assessment strategies to enhance reflective practice; and (c) the possibilities for reflection to facilitate a professional stance towards learning. Each theme is discussed with consideration for teacher education practices and theory.

Published
2022

45. Babesa sewage treatment plant as a vital artificial wetland habitat for a multitude of avian species

Author

Nima, Pelden, Timsina, Mahendra, Jamtsho, Tenzin, Khandu, Pema, Nima, Pelden, Timsina, Mahendra, Jamtsho, Tenzin, and Khandu, Pema

Abstract

This study aimed to glean basic ecological aspects on diversity and abundance, temporal variation and guild composition of the birds at Babesa Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). The line transect method was used as the sampling technique from November 2021 to October 2022. A total of 80 species belonging to 58 genera, 29 families, and 11 orders were detected, of which three, namely, River Lapwing Vanellus duvaucelii, Falcated Duck Mareca falcata, and Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca, are ‘Near Threatened’ with the remaining being ‘Least Concern’. The highest species richness was recorded in the winter (6.29), the highest species diversity in the spring (2.73), and the highest evenness in the summer (0.76). There was not any statistically significant difference between non-waterbirds and waterbirds, or between feeding guilds. However, based on a permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), the bird composition was significantly different among seasons. Subsequently, pairwise comparisons revealed a significant difference between autumn & winter (P = 0.006), autumn & summer (P = 0.006), autumn & spring (P = 0.018), winter & summer (P = 0.006), winter & spring (P = 0.006) as well as spring & summer (P = 0.006). The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) biplot showed most bird species overlap occurred between autumn and spring as well as summer and spring, respectively. Taken together, the present results suggest that the Babesa STP holds significant potential as a habitat for diverse avian populations and underscores the ecological significance of artificial wetlands.

Published
2023

48. Exosome-derived miRNAs regulate macrophage-colorectal cancer cell cross-talk during aggressive tumor development

Author

Khandu Wadhonkar, Neha Singh, Francisco M Heralde, Suraj P Parihar, Nik Hirani, and Mirza S Baig

Subjects
Oncology, Gastroenterology
Abstract

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Its incidence and mortality have significantly increased during the past few years. Colorectal cancer cells cross-talk with other cells through exosomes in their tumor microenvironment. The miRNAs containing exosomes are responsible for tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Multiple studies have shown that exosomal miRNAs are key players in the crosstalk between cancerous, immune, and stromal cells during colorectal cancer development. They help in the establishment of the tumorigenic microenvironment by reprogramming macrophages towards a pro-tumorigenic phenotype. In this review, we discussed various exosomal miRNAs derived both from colorectal cancer cells and macrophages that promote or inhibit cancer aggression. We also discussed various miRNA-based therapeutic approaches to inhibit cancer progression.

Published
2023

50. A Cost Effective Approach for Analyzing Software Product Lines

Author

Narwane, Ganesh Khandu, Krishna, Shankara Narayanan, Bhattacharjee, Anup Kumar, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Natarajan, Raja, editor

Published
2014
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