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Shrinking revenues and increasing costs of delivery for health and welfare services prompted the City of Yokohama to undertake redevelopment of Tama Plaza as a model public–private partnership (PPP) for next-generation suburban redevelopment, aligned with relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Although the implementation of PPP projects is shaped by locally prevalent socio-political factors and the cultural context, a dearth of case studies describing PPP governance processes from a cultural perspective impede the development of relevant governance theories and praxis. It is contended that contextual factors could be capitalized upon to develop effective project governance mechanisms that ensure community engagement and promote sustainable lifestyles. However, as PPP redevelopment projects are a product of neoliberalization that is manifested differently from place to place due to locally prevalent socio-political contextual factors, theories about good governance of PPP projects remain rudimentary. The Tama Plaza case study thus provides empirical evidence of how the local contextual reality can shape PPP projects. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with project staff revealed some standout governance mechanisms and community-building initiatives, such as the autonomous, jointly resourced 'core team' tasked with managing community engagement, and the jumin sohatsu project comprising numerous small community-building project grants. The paper describes how these successes benefited from contextual and cultural factors. Lessons drawn from the Japanese case study could have validity in countries in the Global South that share some of the major factors constituting their contextual reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Candida auris, Candida blankii, and Kodamaea ohmeri have been regarded as emerging fungal pathogens that can cause infections with high mortality. For genotyping of C. auris, a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme based on four locus sequences has been reported, while there is no typing scheme for C. blankii and K. ohmeri. In the present study, the existing MLST scheme of C. auris was modified by adding more locus types deduced from sequence data available in the GenBank database. Furthermore, MLST schemes of C. blankii and K. ohmeri were developed using the four cognate loci (ITS, RPB1, RPB2, D1/D2) and similar sequence regions to those of C. auris. These MLST schemes were applied to identify the ST (sequence type) of clinical isolates of C. auris (n = 7), C. blankii (n = 9), and K. ohmeri (n = 6), derived from septicemia or otomycosis in Bangladesh in 2021. All the C. auris isolates were classified into a single ST (ST5) and clade I, having a Y132F substitution in ERG11p, which is associated with azole resistance. Similarly, all the C. blankii isolates belonged to a single type (ST1). In contrast, six K. ohmeri isolates were assigned to five types (ST1-ST5), suggesting its higher genetic diversity. These findings revealed the availability of MLST schemes for these three fungal species for understanding their clonal diversity among clinical isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]