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Internationalization of higher education is the top stage of international relations among universities and it is no longer regarded as a goal in itself, but as a means to improve the quality of education. The knowledge translation and acquisition, mobilization of talent in support of global research and enchantment of the curriculum with international content are considered to be the benefits of internationalization of higher education. Though, internationalization holds many positives to higher education, there are grave risks associated with this multifaceted and growing phenomenon including commercial profit, academic colonization and difficulty in ensuring quality education. The current review has implications for educational policy makers to ensure positive benefits to the higher education institutions and the countries concerned.

The increasing use of Instagram use leads to the internalization of unrealistic standards of society that youth intend to be a part of is likely to lead to several psychological concerns. The current study investigates the relationship between Instagram usage with body surveillance and fear of missing out. The study also aimed to find a gender difference in Instagram usage, body surveillance, and fear of missing out. A correlational study design was used. A sample of 200 males and females were included between the ages of 18-25 years recruited from different universities in Lahore. Instagram addiction scale, Body Surveillance Scale, and Fear of missing out scale were used in the study. Pearson Product Moment Coefficient and Independent Sample t-test were used to test the objectives of the study using SPSS-21. The finding showed a positive association between Instagram usage with body surveillance. Among study variables, an essential gender difference was observed. Males scored higher on Instagram usage and fear of missing out whereas females scored higher on body surveillance. The findings suggest that body-related concerns and disorders have high associated when it comes to social media therefore activities and awareness can be carried out at preliminary levels to reduce the negative impact on young minds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the predictive association between distorted thinking patterns and psychological distress (depression, stress, anxiety) in university e-learners during COVID-19 outbreak. Methodology: In this correlational study, 643 participants between age18 to 29 years (M= 21.27, SD+4.06) participated online through convenient sampling technique. They were sent an online google questionnaire, including the informed consent form, the depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS-21), and cognitive distortions scale in Urdu, which assessed the distorted thinking patterns of adults. Findings: Analysis through Pearson product moment correlation revealed that the distorted thinking patterns of predictive thinking, rigid thinking and stress-creating thinking pattern had a strong positive association with depression, stress, and anxiety. The distorted thinking pattern of self-criticism/selfblame also had a strong positive association with depression and stress, and a moderate positive association with anxiety. Multiple stepwise regression was performed to calculate the predictive association between distorted thinking patterns and psychological distress of university students seeking digital education during the COVID-19 outbreak. Analysis revealed that distorted thinking patterns of stress-creating thinking, self-criticism/self-blame, and predictive thinking are predictors of depression. However, stress-creating thinking was the strongest predictor of depression. Stress-creating thinking, predictive thinking, and rigid thinking were predictors of anxiety in university students during online education and stress-creating thinking is the strongest predictor of anxiety as well. Moreover, the distorted thinking patterns of stress creating thinking, self-criticism/self-blame, and rigid thinking strongly predicted stress in university students engaged in distant education during the COVID-19 outbreak. Implications to Research and Practice: The study's findings emphasize the role of distorted thinking patterns in the stress experience of students during COVID and encourage teachers and universities to consider the findings while developing an online education system for the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to bring colossal impact on families, particularly on marital adjustments. This paper reports findings of a study that examined perceptions of home demands, social support, and marital adjustment among women during COVID-19. A sample of 252 women was taken. Participants were administered a Demographic information sheet, Home Demands Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. The data was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression analysis. Results revealed a significant negative relationship between perceptions of home demands and social support, and marital adjustment, and also a significant positive relationship between social support and marital adjustment among women. Findings showed that women are likely to face additional problems because of limited sources of social support due to COVID-19 which is an imperative aspect for marital adjustment. Findings have implications for marriage counsellors, therapists, and clinical practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this correlational study was to identify the relationship of perceived stigma, social support, caregiving burden and marital adjustment among mothers having children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. It also investigated the predictors of marital adjustment and mediating role of caregiving burden between the relationship of perceived stigma and marital adjustment among mothers of children having ASD. Total of 100 mothers aged between 24-55 years (M=36.55; SD= 6.57) participated in this study. Data was analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, Multiple Hierarchical Linear Regression and PROCESS by Hayes (2018). Results revealed low social support and high caregiving burden were significantly related with low marital adjustment among mothers. Family support emerged as a significant positive whilst friends support and caregiving burden as negative predictor of marital adjustment. Mediation analysis showed caregiving burden to fully mediate the pathway between perceived stigma, social support and marital adjustment. This study has implications for mental health practitioners, social workers and government to develop awareness and public policy for parents of special children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The present research aimed at investigating the personality differences between institutionalized orphans (IO), non institutionalized orphans (NIO) and non orphan (NO) in adolescence. DESIGN: Ex Post Facto Research Design PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The study was conducted in 5 orphanages and 12 schools of Lahore in duration of six months. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 240 adolescents aged between 13 to 19 years; divided into three groups, namely: Non orphans (n=80); Institutionalized orphans (n=80) and Non institutionalized orphans (n=80). Non probability purposive sampling technique was used. Non orphans and non institutionalized orphans were drawn from twelve different schools and institutionalized orphans were drawn from five orphanages of Lahore, Pakistan. Tools used for assessment were Demographic Questionnaire and Child Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ). Data was analyzed using One way (ANOVA), Least Significant Different Descriptive Statistics using Statistic Sciences (SPSS). RESULTS: Findings revealed that there is a significant difference in Hostility and World view of Institutionalized orphans, non institutionalized orphans and non orphan adolescents. Whereas, there is no significant difference in Dependency, Self Esteem, Self Adequacy, Emotional Responsiveness and Emotional Stability among the three groups. CONCLUSION: The findings of this research will promote understanding of the personality development and problems of acolescents living in orphanages and those living with sinqleor both parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medical health practitioners, particularly those working in cancer units, are vulnerable to poor psychological outcomes. The present study was designed to examine the influence of workplace bullying on the mental health of medical and paramedical staff by testing workplace burnout as a mediating factor., Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional survey, 220 Muslim medical staff officers from the cancer units of three hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan, were assessed for workplace bullying, mental health, and workplace burnout using the standardized psychometric measures (i.e., Negative Act Questionnaire; Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale; and Maslach Burnout Inventory). Data were collected from 2019-2020., Results: Workplace bullying and workplace burnout were directly related to mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Moreover, workplace burnout significantly mediated the paths between workplace bullying and mental health (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms), suggesting that workplace burnout increases vulnerability to other mental health issues., Conclusion: A need for counseling and suitable management strategies to support medical staff working in cancer units is required., (Copyright© 2024 Ashraf et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.)