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Introduction Animal models of human diseases and disorders have gained increasing importance. These models serve give us a glimpse into the mechanisms of these diseases, test new therapeutic strategies, and [...], We performed this study to understand the effect of human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) on the submandibular gland after bilateral ovariectomy. For this, 21 adult female rats were distributed equally among 3 groups: the sham-operated group (SHAM); the ovariectomized group (OVX); and the OVX group that received repeated intravenous injections of the hUCB-MSCs (OVX + hUCB-MSCs). We used reverse transcription--PCR to analyze for the gene expression of AQPs 3, 4, 5, and BMP-6. The cellular localization and expression of human CD105, human CD34, proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA), single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA), caspase 3, AQP1, and [alpha] smooth muscle actin ([alpha]-SMA) were determined immunohistochemically. In the OVX group, a significant decrease in the gene expression of AQP3, AQP4, and BMP6, as well as the acinar area % was detected, while area % of granular convoluted tubules (GCTs) showed a significant increase. A significant decrease in area % staining positively for AQP1 and [alpha]-SMA was noted. An obvious improvement in the structure of the submandibular gland was demonstrated in the group injected with hUCB-MSCs, as well as a significant increase in the gene expression of AQP3, AQP4, and BMP6. The acinar and GCT area %, as well as the different measured markers, were relatively normal. This demonstrates that E2-deficiency induces structural changes to the submandibular gland. Moreover, a definite amelioration of the structure and function of the submandibular gland was detected after the administration of hUCB-MSCs. Key words: submandibular gland, ovariectomy, UCB-MSCs, female rat. Afin d'examiner l'effet des cellules souches mésenchymateuses humaines (CSMh) de sang de cordon ombilical sur la glande sous-maxillaire après une ovariectomie bilatérale, 21 rates adultes ont été réparties également en trois groupes : groupe chirurgie fictive, groupe avec ovariectomie (OVX) et le groupe OVX ayant reçu des injections intraveineuses répétées de CSMh du sangde cordon ombilical (OVX + CSMh de sangde cordon ombilical). L'expression des aquaporines (AQP) 3, 4 et 5 et de la protéine morphogénétique osseuse 6 (BMP-6) a été analysée par RT-PCR. La localisation cellulaire et l'expression du CD105 humain, du CD34 humain, de l'antigène nucléaire de prolifération cellulaire (PCNA), de l'ADN simple brin (ADNsb), de la caspase 3, de l'AQP1 et de l'actine de muscle lisse [alpha] ([alpha]-SMA) ont été déterminées par immunohistochimie. Chez le groupe OVX, une diminution significative de l'expression génique de l'AQP3, de l'AQP4 et de la BMP6 de même que du pourcentage de la superficie acinaire a été détectée, alors que le pourcentage de la superficie occupée par les tubules contournés granulaires était significativement accru. Une diminution significative du pourcentage de la superficie colorée positivement quant à l'expression de l'AQP1 et de l'[alpha]-SMA était notée. Une augmentation significative de l'expression génique de l'AQP3, de l'AQP4 et de la BMP6 et une amélioration évidente de la structure de la glande sous-maxillaire ont été démontrées chez le groupe ayant reçu une injection de CSMh de sang de cordon ombilical. Le pourcentage des superficies acinaire et des tubules contournés granulaires de même que les différents marqueurs mesurés se situaient près de la normale. En conclusion, la déficience en E2 induit véritablement des modifications structurales de la glande sous-maxillaire. De plus, une amélioration claire de la structure et de la fonction de la glande sous-maxillaire est détectée à la suite de l'administration de CSMh de sang de cordon ombilical. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés: glande sous-maxillaire, ovariectomie, CSMh de sang de cordon ombilical, rat femelle.

Introduction: Cardiac diseases can affect the contractile and/or conductive cardiac muscle cells. Recently, the microscopic examination of the subendocardial biopsy is being used in the diagnosis of some cardiac lesions. However, the routine staining cannot differentiate between different types of cardiac fibers. Aim of the work: The present study aims to illustrate the use of anti-cardiac troponin-T3 (cTnT3) immunostaining as a recent tool to distinguish between the contractile and conducting fibers. Materials and Methods: Specimens from both left ventricular wall and interventricular septum were obtained from 6 healthy adult male mice. These specimens were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at 4⁰C and processed for paraffin sections. Then, 3 μm thick sections were stained with H&E and anti-cTnT3 antibody and were examined under light microscope. The optical density of the cTnT3 staining affinity of the cardiac fibers was measured morphometrically and the values were statistically analyzed. Results: Examination of H&E stained sections of the left ventricular wall and interventricular septum revealed homogenous staining of all cardiac fibers with an undetectable difference among them. While examination of the immunostained sections with anti-cTnT3 revealed different affinities: the majority of fibers expressed high-positive staining affinity while other fibers had a low or no staining affinity. The high-positive staining affinity was in the form of cytoplasmic transverse dark brownish striations in longitudinally oriented cardiac fibers. The fibers which expressed a low or no staining affinity were either singly scattered especially in the left ventricular wall or grouped in the subendocardial regions of the interventricular septum. Statistically, the optical density values of a low or no staining affinity cardiac fibers were significantly lower (2.5±0.01) than high positive staining affinity cardiac fibers (3.04±0.19). Conclusion: Immunostaining with anti-cTnT3 staining could be added to the routine staining in the examination of cardiac biopsies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]