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Blockchain has attracted a lot of interest since its publication because to its unique characteristics of immutability, decentralization, smart contract, and consensus mechanism. Today’s healthcare systems are facing many issues in the era of digital health transformation and the growth of electronic health records. Blockchain has the potential to provide solutions to a variety of electronic health record (EHR)-related challenges, including data management, security, data sharing and patient privacy. This paper represents a blockchain-based healthcare industry survey; it includes many research publications in high-ranking scientific journals in recent years from 2016 to 2022. We adopt the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) approach and aspects. This work is based on five databases: Elsevier, Springer, IEEE Xplore, PubMed and MDPI. The number of studies included in this study was 56. We found that researchers attempted to use blockchain technology to assist patients and healthcare providers in diagnosis and data processing, as well as including multiple entities. Our study discusses the potential of blockchain technology, its roles and benefits in healthcare, aiming to solve several problems such as data management, data sharing, access control, data security and privacy, which are missed in the conventional healthcare system.

Along with the significant advantages of cloud computing paradigm, the number of enterprises, which expect to move a legacy system towards a cloud, is steadily increasing. Unfortunately, this move is not straightforward. There are many challenges to take up. The applications are often written with the outdated technologies. While some enterprises redevelop applications with a specific Cloud provider in mind, others try to move the legacy systems, either because the organization wants to keep the past investments, or because the legacy systems hold important data. Migrating the legacy systems to the Cloud introduces technical and business challenges. This paper aims to study deeply and to compare existing Cloud migration methods, based on Model Driven Engineering (MDE) approach to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each one. Finally, we have proposed a Cloud legacy system Migration Method relied on Architecture Driven Modernization (ADM), and explained its working process.

Cloud computing paradigm is becoming more and more grown, which provides services model based on virtualization technologies. Despite outdating of legacy system, it is still used considerably after modern technology has come out, either because the organization has already invested in term of time and money in it, or because the legacy system has important data. In order to exploit the benefits of cloud computing, some of the organization wrote or rewrote software specially to run in the cloud. The numbers of companies that are expected to migrate their applications to cloud environment is increasing. Moving to the cloud is still a big challenge for many organizations. Effectively, how to draw a plan about moving a legacy style application to the cloud arise various challenges. The complexity and size of such project represent a big challenge especially for small and medium organizations to take the full advantages of cloud. As any software development project, migration projects should be planed carefully and have a good methodology to guarantee successful execution. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology to ensure a migration process based on Architecture Driven Modernization (ADM) approach to cloud environment, this methodology focuses on understanding an on-premise application then establishing its Platform-Independent Model (PIM) to transform it into Platform Specific Model (PSM) cloud.

Cloud Computing is evolving as a key computing platform for sharing resources that include infrastructures, software, applications, and business. However, Cloud Computing is still a matter of great concern for a cloud user to trust security and reliability of cloud services. Cloud Computing is undergoing an incontestable success, which could be indeed compromised by concerns about the risks related to potential misuse of this model aimed at conducting illegal activities. There is major need of bringing security, transparency and reliability in cloud model for client satisfaction. One of the security issues is how to reduce the impact of any type of intrusion in this environment. To overcome these kinds of attacks, we propose a framework of cooperative Hybrid Intrusion Detection System (Hy-IDS) and Mobile Agents. Then, our Hybrid IDS consists of two types of IDS, which are dispatched over three layer of cloud computing. Therefore, in the first layer our framework allows to collect, analyze and detect malicious data using the first type of IDS and Mobile Agents. In case of attack, we collect at the level of the second layer all the malicious data detected in the first layer for the generation of new signatures, based on a Signature Generation Algorithm (SGA) and network intrusion detection system (NIDS). However, these new signatures are used to update the database of the IDS. The mobile agents play an important role in this collaboration. They are used in our framework for investigation of hosts, transfer data malicious and transfer update of a database of neighboring IDS in the cloud. Therefore, the neighboring IDS will use these new signatures to protect their area of control against the same type of attack. Applying this close-loop control, the collaborative network security management framework could identify and address new distributed attacks more quickly and effectively.