Search

Introduction: Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BAONJ) is a side effect of treatment with bisphosphonate (BP). Reports of this complication have increased recently.

Spinal neurofibroma is one of the rarest of the neoplasms involving the spinal cord or roots and occurs much less often than neurinoma, meningioma or glioma. The sixth pediatric case of solitary intramedullary tumor was described in 2013, according to B. Eljebbouri et al. We present a rare, difficult to diagnose and may-be the seventh pediatric case of solitary neurofibroma of the cauda equine in an 11-month-old infant. The patient underwent a laminectomy of T12, L1, L2 and L3, extirpation of intradural, intramedullary and extramedullary spinal cord tumor. The patient is fully recovered for 5 years of monitoring. Although rare, spinal neurofibromas in children should be diagnostically considered and radically treated for a favorable outcome.

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is recognized as the most widespread tick-borne viral disease affecting humans. Bulgaria is the only European country where CCHF is endemic. However, the disease activity is also documented in the neighbouring countries. The period between the introduction of mandatory notification and registration in Bulgaria in 1953 till now covers 65 years and reflects the evolution of our knowledge of CCHF. For the study period (1953-2017) the average CCHF incidence in Bulgaria amounted to 0.29%ooo, decreasing from 0.49%ooo in 1953 to 0.03%ooo in 2017. The present study has shown stable CCHF incidence rates in the next 5 years using the ARIMA model for disease forecasting. Incidence forecasting is low and comparable to that of 2018. However, a new focus with territorial expansion ability has established in south-western Bulgaria, bordering North Greece. Further studies about the spread of virus in animals and ticks and early detection of human cases could provide the necessary data for risk assessment, preparedness and appropriate control measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlabelled: Susceptibility of patients with burn injuries to infections is associated with disturbances of the humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the dynamics of phagocytic indices and serum immunoglobulin levels in patients with burn injuries as there is a high risk of colonization and infection of the burn wound., Patients and Methods: Between December 2004 and April 2005, we studied the dynamics of the following indices of the phagocytic system and humoral immunity of 30 burned patients: phagocytic index, phagocytic number, nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test, leukocyte number in the peripheral blood, the percentage of the neutrophilic leukocytes from the differential blood count, serum levels of immunoglobulins A, G and M and the percentage of lymphocytes. In addition, microbiological tests of the wound secretions were performed using conventional microbiological methods., Results: The changes in the phagocytic indices suggested that it is the decreased phagocytic index and number that are important for the evaluation of wound infection risks. The increased total number of leukocytes and elevation of the neutrophil levels usually observed in burned patients indicate the presence of bacterial infection and the prompt involvement of the phagocytic mechanisms. The lower percentage of lymphocyte in comparison with the healthy controls was indicative also of a possible involvement of the cell-mediated immune response. The characteristic humoral mechanisms of the immune response (serum immunoglobulins) in patients with thermal injuries altered only slightly., Conclusions: The analyzed data may be of help in evaluating the risk of colonization and infection of the burn wound in patients with burn injuries. We would like to recommend a compulsory battery of microbiological tests and several immunological investigations phagocytic index, phagocytic number, leukocyte number, differential blood test and serum immunoglobulins with a view to applying an adequate antimicrobial and immune modulating treatment.