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Tässä raportissa esitetään keskeiset tulokset Tampereen yliopiston (TAU), VTT:n ja Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulun (TAMK) yhteistyönä toteuttamasta ProCemPlus (Prosumer Centric Energy Communities towards Energy Ecosystem) tutkimusprojektikokonaisuudesta. TAU:n osalta projektin toteutukseen on osallistunut tutkimusryhmiä kolmen eri tiedekunnan neljästä eri yksiköstä; Sähkötekniikasta, Tietotekniikasta, Automaatio- ja konetekniikasta sekä Tuotantotaloudesta. Hankkeen toteutus on edellyttänyt poikkitieteellistä lähestymistapaa, jossa yhdistyy hajautettujen resurssien ja sähköjärjestelmän teknistaloudellinen hallinta, tietotekniikan mahdollistamat uudet toiminnallisuudet, resurssien optimaalinen käyttö eri toimijoiden näkökulmasta sekä uudet liiketoimintamallit ja ekosysteemit. Projektin keskeisenä tavoitteena on ollut tarkastella yksittäisten energiayhteisöjen muotoutumista laajemmiksi liiketoimintalähtöisiksi energiaekosysteemeiksi energiayhteisöjen kehitykseen liittyvien teemojen ja konkreettisten pilottikohteiden kautta, joiden toteutukseen yritykset ovat osallistuvat omilla tuotekehityshankkeillaan ja jotka ovat tarjonneet tutkimusaineistoa julkisen tutkimushankkeen tutkimuskysymyksille. Tutkimusprojekti on muodostunut laajempien tutkimusteemojen ympärille rakentuneista työpaketeista. Tutkimusteemoja ovat olleet: • Asiakas osana energiayhteisöä • Liiketoimintamallit ja regulaatio • Digitalisaatio ja tietotekniset alustat • Energiateknologiat ja –resurssit sekä niiden hallinta

The paper summarizes the qualitative analysis of stakeholder interactions and coordination concepts in respect to four major congestion management solutions of distribution system operators. Benefits and drawbacks of congestion management solutions and interactions are analysed from holistic system perspective and concluded to understand the overall state-of-the-art and development needs. The key result of the analysis is that the winning approach for DSO CM includes all four CM solutions, and the next step is to incorporate technical active network management as novel operation tools for congestion management.

Energy systems are in a major process of transition from both technology and business perspective. The amount of distributed generation is increasing, load profiles are changing and new types of controllable and uncontrollable resources are being connected to the system (e.g. storage units, electric vehicles). In general, these resources are called distributed energy resources (DERs). The role of microgrids, energy communities and aggregators (virtual power plants) is being particularly emphasized in the electrical system because they create an opportunity for new kind of flexibility provided by DERs, but also introduce new challenges to energy system management. Business potential of intelligent energy solutions is enormous but there are still major barriers that block most of the novel business opportunities in the present energy system. One of the most significant technical barrier is the lack of widely accepted interoperable information exchange solution (data model and interfaces) that is easily accessible and fulfills business needs by all parties dealing with the energy system.HEILA project aims to define, implement and demonstrate an integrated business platform of DERs for information exchange between energy market participants. The first implementation of such a platform will be realized during the project to integrate smart grid demonstrations in Finland to develop, test, pilot and finally also commercialize new smart energy system functionalities consisting of interactions and impacts of multiple participants. Development of such a system begins as a national smart grid demonstration platform in Finland but will be designed to support Europe wide deployment of the system.

Traditional electrical grids are shifting towards Smart Grids that could deliver electricity in sustainable, economic and secure way. Simultaneously, characteristics of electrical grids are becoming much more complex that require development of several Smart Grid functionalities. This thesis studies architecture modeling of Smart Grid Testing Platform (SGTP) and integration of MultiPower laboratory. The architecture was defined in collaboration with research project team in a project called “Integrated business platform of distributed energy resources” (HEILA). Furthermore, the main goals are to produce an architecture model, which promotes specific Smart Grid related use cases, and interconnect the MultiPower laboratory with the platform. This thesis is divided into two parts. Firstly, background, challenges with Smart Grids, the HEILA project and MultiPower laboratory are introduced. Then, Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) Framework, tools and related architecture definitions in different projects are studied. In addition, information models defined by IEC 61850 standard and Common Information Model (CIM), Smart API, HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocols are studied because of their central role in the architecture model and integration. Secondly, results are presented with descriptions of the architecture model and integration process. The architecture model presents how different actors cooperate in order to offer and use flexibility related services on distribution level. The architecture model increases level of details, adds functionalities and changes some of the protocols used when compared to the related architectures. Additionally, self-descriptive and more flexible messaging are introduced as messages contain semantic information and they are not bound to any specific format. The function positioning with two-way communications promotes decentralized data acquisition and control. Generally, that may ease market integration, privacy, autonomy and scalability issues. As a result, the architecture may promote development and utilization of different kind of flexibility related services and products. However, information objects should be added to the standard mapping on information layer of the model since it would increase level of details. The integration was successful since monitoring and controlling of the MultiPower equipment is possible with current version of the SGTP as tests demonstrate. Technical requirements in the use cases were fulfilled. In future research work in the HEILA project message encryption, validation and CIM utilization should be considered. Moreover, Energy Management System (EMS) and equipment that is more suitable for routine testing should be considered for the MultiPower.