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A number of discrepancies have emerged between lattice computations and data-driven dispersive evaluations of the RBC/UKQCD Intermediate-window-hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. It is therefore interesting to obtain data-driven estimates for the light-quark-connected and strange-plus-disconnected components of this window quantity, allowing for a more detailed comparison between the lattice and data-driven approaches. The aim of this paper is to provide these estimates, extending the analysis to several other window quantities, including two windows designed to focus on the region in which the two-pion contribution is dominant. Clear discrepancies are observed for all light-quark-connected contributions considered, while good agreement with lattice results is found for strange-plus disconnected contributions to the quantities for which corresponding lattice results exist. The largest of these discrepancies is that for the RBC/UKQCD intermediate window, where, as previously reported, our data-driven result, $a_\mu^{W1,{\rm lqc}}=198.9(1.1)\times 10^{-10}$, is in significant tension with the results of 8 different recent lattice determinations. Our strategy is the same as recently employed in obtaining data-driven estimates for the light-quark-connected and strange-plus-disconnected components of the full leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Updated versions of those earlier results are also presented, for completeness., Comment: 33 pages, 3 figures

We present the first data-driven result for $a_\mu^{\rm win,lqc}$, the isospin-limit light-quark connected component of the intermediate-window Hadronic-Vacuum-Polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Our result, $(198.8\pm 1.1)\times 10^{-10}$, is in significant tension with eight recent mutually compatible high-precision lattice-QCD determinations, and provides enhanced evidence for a puzzling discrepancy between lattice and data-driven determinations of the intermediate window quantity, one driven largely by a difference in the light-quark connected component., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure

The muon magnetic anomaly, $a_{\mu}=(g_{\mu}-2)/2$, plays a special role in the history of the Standard Model (SM). Precise calculations and measurements of this fundamental quantity provide a stringent test of the SM and a window to the physics beyond. In light of the first result published by the Fermilab Muon $g-2$ experiment, this article reviews the current status of the experimental measurement and theoretical prediction of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. It also provides an overview on resulting constraints of associated physics beyond the SM (BSM), future muon $g-2$ experiments, and on the progress of experiments that are closely connected to the physics of the muon $g-2$, such as measurements that could provide complementary information about BSM physics in the muon sector., Comment: 32 pages, 12 figures, updated to match the published version

We use a new compilation of the hadronic $R$-ratio from available data for the process $e^+e^-\to$ hadrons below the charm mass to determine the strong coupling $\alpha_s$, using finite-energy sum rules. Quoting our results at the $\tau$ mass to facilitate comparison to the results obtained from similar analyses of hadronic $\tau$-decay data, we find $\alpha_s(m_\tau^2)=0.298\pm 0.016\pm 0.006$ in fixed-order perturbation theory, and $\alpha_s(m_\tau^2)=0.304\pm 0.018\pm 0.006$ in contour-improved perturbation theory, where the first error is statistical, and the second error combines various systematic effects. These values are in good agreement with a recent determination from the OPAL and ALEPH data for hadronic $\tau$ decays. We briefly compare the $R(s)$-based analysis with the $\tau$-based analysis., Comment: 11 pages, contribution to the International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics, 2018