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3. Outer Space — A Legal Issue

Author

Kopal, Vladimir, Neger, Thomas, Walter, Edith, Kerrest, Armel, Stadlmeier, Sigmar, Soucek, Alexander, Mantl, Leopold, Marboe, Irmgard, Fiorilli, Stefano, Hobe, Stephan, European Space Policy Institute, Brünner, Christian, editor, and Soucek, Alexander, editor

Published
2011
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7. Nandasiri Jasentuliyana Keynote Lecture: "For the Benefit and in the Interests of All Countries, Irrespective of Their Degree of Economic or Scientific Development".

Author

Kerrest, Armel

Subjects
ECONOMIC development, SPACE law, INTERNATIONAL law, PUBLIC services, TREATY on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration & Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon & Other Celestial Bodies (1967)
Abstract

Nandasiri Jasentuliyana Keynote Lecture: "For the Benefit and in the Interests of All Countries, Irrespective of Their Degree of Economic or Scientific Development" This lecture examines the process of space law as it has developed in the past, and takes a perspective on how it stands to develop over the next seventy years. With much written about commercial space and the increased presence of space in the modern media, space has become closer to the people. It delivers indispensable means for communication, navigation and timing services, and important public services such as weather forecasting. It is also a horizon that is open to further scientific research and exploration. This talk highlights some of the future challenges already under discussion today, such as resources mining, space traffic management, and longer-term missions. It examines these within the light of the legal parameters applicable to commercial space, in the framework of general international law, taking into consideration the former experiences in the law of the High Sea and Antarctica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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8. Genome evolution in yeasts

Author

Dujon, Bernard, Sherman, David, Fischer, Gilles, Durrens, Pascal, Casaregola, Serge, Lafontaine, Ingrid, de Montigny, Jacky, Marck, Christian, Neuveglise, Cecile, Talla, Emmanuel, Goffard, Nicolas, Frangeul, Lionel, Aigle, Michel, Anthouard, Veronique, Babour, Anna, Barbe, Valerie, Barnay, Stephanie, Blanchin, Sylvie, Beckerich, Jean-Marie, Beyne, Emmanuelle, Bleykasten, Claudine, Boisrame, Anita, Boyer, Jeanne, Cattolico, Laurence, Confanioleri, Fabrice, de Daruvar, Antoine, Despons, Laurence, Fabre, Emmanuelle, Fairhead, Cecile, Ferry-Dumazet, Helene, Groppi, Alexis, Hantraye, Florence, Hennequin, Christophe, Jauniaux, Nicolas, Joyet, Philippe, Kachouri, Rym, Kerrest, Alix, Koszul, Romain, Lemaire, Marc, Lesur, Isabelle, Ma, Laurence, Muller, Heloise, Nicaud, Jean-Marc, Nikolski, Macha, Oztas, Sophie, Ozier-Kalogeropoulos, Odile, Pellenz, Stefan, Potier, Serge, Richard, Guy-Franck, Straub, Marie-Laure, Suleau, Audrey, Swennen, Dominique, Tekaia, Fredj, Wesolowski-Louvel, Micheline, Westhof, Eric, Wirth, Benedicte, Zeniou-Meyer, Maria, Zivanovic, Ivan, Bolotin-Fukuhara, Monique, Thierry, Agnes, Bouchier, Christiane, Caudron, Bernard, Scarpelli, Claude, Gaillardin, Claude, Weissenbach, Jean, Wincker, Patrick, and Souciet, Jean-Luc

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Bernard Dujon (corresponding author) [1]; David Sherman [5, 6]; Gilles Fischer [1]; Pascal Durrens [6, 7]; Serge Casaregola [8]; Ingrid Lafontaine [1]; Jacky de Montigny [9]; Christian Marck [10]; [...]

Published
2004
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10. Outer Space — A Legal Issue

Author

Kopal, Vladimir, primary, Neger, Thomas, additional, Walter, Edith, additional, Kerrest, Armel, additional, Stadlmeier, Sigmar, additional, Soucek, Alexander, additional, Mantl, Leopold, additional, Marboe, Irmgard, additional, Fiorilli, Stefano, additional, and Hobe, Stephan, additional

Published
2011
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18. SRS2 and SGS1 prevent chromosomal breaks and stabilize triplet repeats by restraining recombination

Author

Alix Kerrest, Bernard Dujon, Ranjith P. Anand, Rodrigo Bermejo, Rangapriya Sundararajan, Guy-Franck Richard, Giordano Liberi, and Catherine H. Freudenreich

Subjects
DNA Replication, Replication fork reversal, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Article, Trinucleotide Repeats, Structural Biology, Humans, Molecular Biology, Recombination, Genetic, Genetics, RecQ Helicases, biology, Chromosome Fragility, DNA Helicases, DNA replication, Helicase, Chromosome Breakage, Rad52 DNA Repair and Recombination Protein, biology.protein, Rad51 Recombinase, Chromosome breakage, Trinucleotide repeat expansion, Gene Deletion, Recombination, Sgs1
Abstract

Several molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain trinucleotide repeat expansions. Here we show that in yeast srs2Delta cells, CTG repeats undergo both expansions and contractions, and they show increased chromosomal fragility. Deletion of RAD52 or RAD51 suppresses these phenotypes, suggesting that recombination triggers trinucleotide repeat instability in srs2Delta cells. In sgs1Delta cells, CTG repeats undergo contractions and increased fragility by a mechanism partially dependent on RAD52 and RAD51. Analysis of replication intermediates revealed abundant joint molecules at the CTG repeats during S phase. These molecules migrate similarly to reversed replication forks, and their presence is dependent on SRS2 and SGS1 but not RAD51. Our results suggest that Srs2 promotes fork reversal in repetitive sequences, preventing repeat instability and fragility. In the absence of Srs2 or Sgs1, DNA damage accumulates and is processed by homologous recombination, triggering repeat rearrangements.

Published
2009
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19. Actualités du droit de l’espace : le responsabilité des États du fait de la destruction de satellites dans l'espace

Author

Armel Kerrest

Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

The accidental or deliberate destruction of satellites highlights the international regime currently in place for the supervision of space activities and for liabilities arising from them. The 1967 Outer Space Treaty and the 1972 Space Convention set up an exemplary mechanism. However, improved cooperation and organization of space activities has become necessary to limit the production of space debris. Effective limits must be placed on the stationing of weapons in space and the arms race that it implies., La destruction accidentelle ou volontaire de satellites met en lumière le régime international actuellement en place pour le contrôle et la responsabilité du fait des activités spatiales. Le traité sur l’espace de 1967 et la convention de 1972 ont institué un mécanisme exemplaire. Une amélioration de la coopération et de l’organisation des activités spatiales est pourtant devenue nécessaire afin de limiter la production de débris spatiaux. La mise en place d’armes dans l’espace et la course aux armements qu’elle implique doivent trouver des limites efficaces., Kerrest Armel. Actualités du droit de l’espace : le responsabilité des États du fait de la destruction de satellites dans l'espace. In: Annuaire français de droit international, volume 55, 2009. pp. 615-626.

Published
2009
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20. Comparative Genomics of Hemiascomycete Yeasts: Genes Involved in DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

Author

Ingrid Lafontaine, Bernard Dujon, Guy-Franck Richard, and Alix Kerrest

Subjects
DNA Replication, Recombination, Genetic, Genetics, DNA Repair, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, biology, FLP-FRT recombination, Molecular Sequence Data, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA replication, Helicase, biology.organism_classification, Genetic recombination, S Phase, Ascomycota, biology.protein, Amino Acid Sequence, Genome, Fungal, Homologous recombination, Molecular Biology, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Sgs1
Abstract

Among genes conserved from bacteria to mammals are those involved in replicating and repairing DNA. Following the complete sequencing of four hemiascomycetous yeast species during the course of the Genolevures 2 project, we have studied the conservation of 106 genes involved in replication, repair, and recombination in Candida glabrata, Kluyveromyces lactis, Debaryomyces hansenii, and Yarrowia lipolytica and compared them with their Saccharomyces cerevisiae orthologues. We found that proteins belonging to the replication fork and to the nucleotide excision repair pathway were-on the average-more conserved than proteins involved in the checkpoint response to DNA damage or in meiotic recombination. The meiotic recombination proteins Spo11p and Mre11p-Rad50p, involved in making meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs), are conserved as is Mus81p, involved in resolving meiotic recombination intermediates. Interestingly, genes found in organisms in which DSB-repair is required for proper synapsis during meiosis are also found in C. glabrata, K. lactis, and D. hansenii but not in Y. lipolytica, suggesting that two modes of meiotic recombination have been selected during evolution of the hemiascomycetous yeasts. In addition, we found that SGS1 and TOP1, respectively, a DEAD/DEAH helicase and a type I topoisomerase, are duplicated in C. glabrata and that SRS2, a helicase involved in homologous recombination, is tandemly duplicated in K. lactis. Phylogenetic analyses show that the duplicated SGS1 gene evolved faster than the original gene, probably leading to a specialization of function of the duplicated copy.

Published
2005
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22. The 1972 Liability Convention

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Smith, Leslie Jane, Julien, Séverine, and Hobe, Schmidt-Tedd (Ed.) Goh (assist. Ed.)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Published
2013

23. Eugène Pépin (27.06.1887 – 27.04.1988)

Author

Armel Kerrest

Subjects
Geography, Aviation, business.industry, Law, Space law, Civil aviation, Christian ministry, League, International law, business, Order (virtue)
Abstract

Professor Eugene Pepin lived during the hundred years which saw the birth of aviation and the first man on the moon. Professor Pepin was more involved in air law than in space law but he foresaw the evolution of space law very accurately and took an important part in its development. From 1920 until 1930, Eugene Pepin was the head of the juridical, economic and financial section of the Service of the League of Nations in the French Ministry of Foreign Afffairs. After retiring from International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), he stayed in Montreal in order to take the directorship of the Institute of Air and Space Law at McGill University. Already in 1958 in his "Introduction to Space Law" Eugene Pepin foresaw possible problems which could occur when spacecrafts would land on the Moon. Keywords: air law; Eugene Pepin; International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO); League of Nations; Montreal; space law; spacecrafts

Published
2013
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24. The 1972 Liability Convention: Outer Space Treaty

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Smith, Leslie Jane, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hobe, Schmidt-Tedd (Ed.) Goh (assist. Ed.), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

26. Treaty vs. Resolution

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ajey Lele, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Julien, Séverine

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Full text : http://www.idsa.in/system/files/book_OuterSpaceActivities.pdf; International audience

Published
2012

27. Outer space as international space: lessons from antarctica

Author

Armel Kerrest, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Berkman P.A., Lang A.M, WaltonW.H., Young O. R. Editors, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Julien, Séverine, and Berkman P.A., Lang A.M, WaltonW.H., Young O. R. Editors

Subjects
020301 aerospace & aeronautics, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, media_common.quotation_subject, Corporate governance, Outer space, Space law, 02 engineering and technology, Antarctic treaty, 16. Peace & justice, 01 natural sciences, Virtuous circle and vicious circle, Astrobiology, Geography, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, 0203 mechanical engineering, Dominance (economics), 0103 physical sciences, Cold war, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Law and economics, media_common
Abstract

Antarctica and outer space have a lot in common. Like Antarctica, outer space is dangerous for humans; like Antarctica, outer space has a high strategic value; like Antarctica, outer space is quite interesting for research purposes. This means a lot for lawyers because the nature of a space has a great impact on its legal status. Nevertheless, for historical reasons Antarctica and outer space are rather different as far as their legal statuses are concerned. In fact, despite the existing claims by some states on Antarctica, on the one hand, and the acceptance of the nonappropriation principle of outer space, on the other, the common natural, strategic, and scientific aspects of both spaces make a comparison of their legal framework and governance very efficient. In 1959 activities in Antarctica were already important, and the Antarctic Treaty succeeded in breaking the vicious circle that impeded scientific activities on this disputed territory.1 The freezing of the claims and refusal of new claims made possible efficient scientific activities on the cold continent. Outer space activities were at their very beginning, and the cold war and a significant balance between both superpowers made possible the recognition of a legal status that in many ways was copied from the Antarctic Treaty. Both Antarctic and outer space activities were boosted by the International Geophysical Year, 1957–1958. Sputnik, the first artificial satellite of the Earth, was launched on 4 October 1957; Explorer 1 launched on 1 February 1958, opening the way to the discovery of the Van Allen belt. Fifty years later, it is interesting to go on comparing both regimes. Doing so, we must keep in mind that outer space is much more sensitive for strategy and defence than Antarctica; the vision of a dominance of the Earth through space dominance is commonplace in geostrategic theories. Economically, outer space is also quite important, for instance, in telecommunications and remote sensing. Still, on many issues, this comparison may be quite useful. For a lawyer and a specialist in space law the hypothesis for this paper is that we have a rather evolved legal framework for outer space, but we have too few cooperation mechanisms. For the time being, the treaties governing outer space are Outer Space as International Space: Lessons from Antarctica

Published
2011

28. Exploration, exploitation, installation of a station on the moon and other celestial bodies, lessons from Antarctica

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Editor(s) : G. Lafferranderie & S. Marchisio, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Julien, Séverine

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2011

29. Space law and the law of the sea

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Brünner Christian & Soucek Alexander (Eds.)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2011

30. 4. Liability And Insurance In The Context Of National Authorisation

Author

A. Kerrest De Rozavel and F. G. Von Der Dunk

Subjects
Legal liability, Limited liability, Political science, Delict, Strict liability, Law, Space law, Limited liability partnership, Liability insurance, Tort
Abstract

The issue of liability is framed by the general framework developed at the international level by means of Article VII of the Outer Space Treaty and the Liability Convention. The mechanism most often chosen by states to deal with any international space law issues in the context of their domestic legal systems is to draft a framework law, laying down the ground rules for the licensing process whilst merely indicating the substantive obligations to be included in specific licenses, or at best outlining them. As for the liability and insurance issues, this amounts usually to insertion in the national space law or act of a principled obligation to indemnify the state comprehensively if the latter would have to pay an international liability claim under the Liability Convention, but also to allowing for case-by-case deviations from that general rule without much detailed guidance on when such partial exemptions should be admissible. Keywords: international space law; liability convention; outer space treaty

Published
2011
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31. Liabilty in the context of national autorisation

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Von Der Dunk, Franz, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), F.G. Von Der Dunk (Dir.), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2011
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32. Actualité du droit de l'espace: la responsabilité des Etats du fait de la destruction de satellites dans l'espace

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Julien, Séverine

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, Satellites, Destruction, Débris spatiaux, Activités spatiales
Abstract

The accidental or deliberate destruction of satellites highlights the international regime currently in place for the supervision of space activities and for liabilities arising from them. The 1967 Outer Space Treaty and the 1972. Space Convention set up an exemplary mechanism. How lever, improved cooperation and organization of space activities has become necessary to limit the production of space debris. Effective limits mu st be placed on the stationing of weapons in space and the arms race that it implies., La destruction accidentelle ou volontaire de satellites met en lumière le régime international actuellement en place pour le contrôle et la responsabilité du fait des activités spatiales. Le traité sur l'espace de 1967 et la convention de 1972 ont constitué un mécanisme exemplaire. Une amélioration de la coopération et de l'organisation des activités spatiales est pourtant devenue nécessaire afin de limiter la production de débris spatiaux. La mise en place d'armes dans l'espace et la course aux armements qu'elle implique doivent trouver des limites efficaces.

Published
2010

33. The Sea launch Case, some reflections on legal matters at the end of this commercial edeavor

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Julien, Séverine, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

35. Le cadre juridique international des activités spatiales nationales

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Julien, Séverine

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2008

36. Comparative Genomics and Molecular Dynamics of DNA Repeats in Eukaryotes

Author

Alix Kerrest, Bernard Dujon, and Guy-Franck Richard

Subjects
Comparative genomics, Genetics, Genetic Speciation, Reviews, DNA, Genomics, Biology, Microbiology, Genome, Variable number tandem repeat, Infectious Diseases, Minisatellite, Eukaryotic Cells, Tandem repeat, Evolutionary biology, Direct repeat, Constitutive heterochromatin, Animals, Humans, Human genome, Molecular Biology, Microsatellite Repeats, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Abstract

SUMMARY Repeated elements can be widely abundant in eukaryotic genomes, composing more than 50% of the human genome, for example. It is possible to classify repeated sequences into two large families, “tandem repeats” and “dispersed repeats.” Each of these two families can be itself divided into subfamilies. Dispersed repeats contain transposons, tRNA genes, and gene paralogues, whereas tandem repeats contain gene tandems, ribosomal DNA repeat arrays, and satellite DNA, itself subdivided into satellites, minisatellites, and microsatellites. Remarkably, the molecular mechanisms that create and propagate dispersed and tandem repeats are specific to each class and usually do not overlap. In the present review, we have chosen in the first section to describe the nature and distribution of dispersed and tandem repeats in eukaryotic genomes in the light of complete (or nearly complete) available genome sequences. In the second part, we focus on the molecular mechanisms responsible for the fast evolution of two specific classes of tandem repeats: minisatellites and microsatellites. Given that a growing number of human neurological disorders involve the expansion of a particular class of microsatellites, called trinucleotide repeats, a large part of the recent experimental work on microsatellites has focused on these particular repeats, and thus we also review the current knowledge in this area. Finally, we propose a unified definition for mini- and microsatellites that takes into account their biological properties and try to point out new directions that should be explored in a near future on our road to understanding the genetics of repeated sequences.

Published
2008

37. States' control and support of private international commercial space activities

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), A.Kapustin et G.P. Zhukov edit, Julien, Séverine, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2008

38. A qui appartient la lune ?

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Julien, Séverine, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2008

39. Globalisation and the role of States : a challenge for the 21st century

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Julien, Séverine

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2008

40. La responsabilité des Etats du fait des activités privées en droit de la mer et en droit de l'espace

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Julien, Séverine, dans Faramiñán Gilbert, J.M. et Muñoz Rodríguez, M.C. (coord.), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), dans Faramiñán Gilbert, J.M. et Muñoz Rodríguez, M.C. (coord.), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Abstract

ISBN: 978-84-8439-408-2

Published
2008

41. Droit de l'espace, droit des activités spatiales. Quelques définitions et remarques sur une approche pluridisciplinaire

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Julien, Séverine, Published by Washington AIAA, © 2008, Hardback, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Published by Washington AIAA, © 2008, Hardback, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Abstract

Disponible en ligne sur le site de la UNOOSA : http://www.oosa.unvienna.org//pdf/pres/lsc2007/symp-02-1F.pdf; International audience

Published
2008

42. Liability and insurance in the context of national authorisation

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Julien, Séverine, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2008

43. Responsibility and liability in Space Law

Author

Kerrest, Armel, Julien, Séverine, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2008

44. Genome evolution in yeasts

Author

Valérie Barbe, Laurence Cattolico, Isabelle Lesur, Alix Kerrest, Hélène Ferry-Dumazet, Fabrice Confanioleri, Serge Casaregola, Emmanuel Talla, Véronique Anthouard, Jean-Marie Beckerich, Laurence Ma, Odile Ozier-Kalogeropoulos, Nicolas Jauniaux, Nicolas Goffard, Jacky de Montigny, David James Sherman, Antoine de Daruvar, Serge Potier, Guy-Franck Richard, Romain Koszul, Pascal Durrens, Anna Babour, Sophie Oztas, Emmanuelle Beyne, Christian Marck, Patrick Wincker, Emmanuelle Fabre, Stefan Pellenz, Bernard Dujon, Florence Hantraye, Eric Westhof, Cécile Fairhead, Micheline Wésolowski-Louvel, Cécile Neuvéglise, Gilles Fischer, Laurence Despons, Christophe Hennequin, Jean Weissenbach, Marie-Laure Straub, Audrey Suleau, Stéphanie Barnay, Jean-Marc Nicaud, Macha Nikolski, Claude Gaillardin, Claudine Bleykasten, Jean-Luc Souciet, Fredj Tekaia, Philippe Joyet, Rym Kachouri, Sylvie Blanchin, Bénédicte Wirth, Héloïse Muller, Christiane Bouchier, Maria Zeniou-Meyer, Ingrid Lafontaine, Jeanne Boyer, Monique Bolotin-Fukuhara, Ivan Zivanovic, Claude Scarpelli, Bernard Caudron, Agnès Thierry, Dominique Swennen, Alexis Groppi, Anita Boisramé, Michel Aigle, Lionel Frangeul, Marc Lemaire, Génétique Moléculaire des Levures, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux (CBIB), CGFB, Institut de biochimie et génétique cellulaires (IBGC), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collection de Levures d'Intérêt Biotechnologique et Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique, évolution et expression de génomes de microorganismes (DEEGM), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Biochimie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Génomique (Plate-Forme) - Genomics Platform, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique des Interactions Macromoléculaires, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Microbiologie et génétique (UMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Architecture et réactivité de l'ARN (ARN), Logiciels et Banques de Données, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Génomique (Plate-Forme), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
MESH: Tandem Re, MESH: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Genome, MESH: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, RNA, Transfer, Gene Duplication, Yeasts, Conserved Sequence, MESH: Evolution, Molecular, Segmental duplication, Genomic organization, Genetics, SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Conserved Sequence, MESH: Yeasts, MESH: Gene Duplication, MESH: Synteny, Genome project, MESH: Chromosomes, Fungal, Tandem Repeat Sequences, MESH: Genome, Fungal, Chromosomes, Fungal, Genome, Fungal, GENETIC MAPPING, Genome evolution, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Genes, Fungal, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, Synteny, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, GENOME ORGANIZATION, Molecular evolution, YEAST, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Comparative genomics, STRUCTURE DU GENOME, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, 030306 microbiology, MESH: RNA, Transfer, MOLECULAR EVOLUTION, MESH: Tandem Repeat Sequences, Evolutionary biology, RNA, Ribosomal, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, MESH: Genes, Fungal
Abstract

Identifying the mechanisms of eukaryotic genome evolution by comparative genomics is often complicated by the multiplicity of events that have taken place throughout the history of individual lineages, leaving only distorted and superimposed traces in the genome of each living organism. The hemiascomycete yeasts, with their compact genomes, similar lifestyle and distinct sexual and physiological properties, provide a unique opportunity to explore such mechanisms. We present here the complete, assembled genome sequences of four yeast species, selected to represent a broad evolutionary range within a single eukaryotic phylum, that after analysis proved to be molecularly as diverse as the entire phylum of chordates. A total of approximately 24,200 novel genes were identified, the translation products of which were classified together with Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins into about 4,700 families, forming the basis for interspecific comparisons. Analysis of chromosome maps and genome redundancies reveal that the different yeast lineages have evolved through a marked interplay between several distinct molecular mechanisms, including tandem gene repeat formation, segmental duplication, a massive genome duplication and extensive gene loss.

Published
2004
Full Text
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47. Zero to IPO

Author

Frederic Kerrest, Frederic Kerrest, Frederic Kerrest, and Frederic Kerrest

Abstract

From the cofounder of a $40 billion software company comes an invaluable guide packed with $1 trillion worth of advice from some of the world's most successful and recognizable entrepreneurs. Over the past twenty years, as he first worked as an early employee at Salesforce and later cofounded Okta, a publicly traded software company now valued at over $40 billion, Frederic Kerrest met hundreds of business leaders and investors in Silicon Valley and beyond. In Zero to IPO , he's collected a trove of nitty-gritty tips for each stage of a company's growth and assembled them into a clear blueprint for how to build a business. The book represents the distilled wisdom of his fellow visionaries and leaders who have collectively built over $1 trillion worth of wealth for themselves and their investors: people like Marc Andreesen and Ben Horowitz (Andreessen Horowitz), Eric Yuan (Zoom), Stewart Butterfield (Slack), Aneel Bhusri (Workday), Julia Hartz (Eventbrite), Aaron Levie (Box), Fred Luddy (ServiceNow), Melanie Perkins (Canva), Patty McCord (Netflix), Sebastien Thrun (Udacity), and dozens of other business luminaries. Organized by topic in roughly the order that leaders will encounter them as they scale their businesses, this book is the ultimate guide to taking a company all the way from founding to IPO—and beyond.

48. Zero to IPO

Author

Frederic Kerrest, Frederic Kerrest, Frederic Kerrest, and Frederic Kerrest

Abstract

From the cofounder of a $40 billion software company comes an invaluable guide packed with $1 trillion worth of advice from some of the world's most successful and recognizable entrepreneurs. Over the past twenty years, as he first worked as an early employee at Salesforce and later cofounded Okta, a publicly traded software company now valued at over $40 billion, Frederic Kerrest met hundreds of business leaders and investors in Silicon Valley and beyond. In Zero to IPO , he's collected a trove of nitty-gritty tips for each stage of a company's growth and assembled them into a clear blueprint for how to build a business. The book represents the distilled wisdom of his fellow visionaries and leaders who have collectively built over $1 trillion worth of wealth for themselves and their investors: people like Marc Andreesen and Ben Horowitz (Andreessen Horowitz), Eric Yuan (Zoom), Stewart Butterfield (Slack), Aneel Bhusri (Workday), Julia Hartz (Eventbrite), Aaron Levie (Box), Fred Luddy (ServiceNow), Melanie Perkins (Canva), Patty McCord (Netflix), Sebastien Thrun (Udacity), and dozens of other business luminaries. Organized by topic in roughly the order that leaders will encounter them as they scale their businesses, this book is the ultimate guide to taking a company all the way from founding to IPO—and beyond.

49. Zero to IPO

Author

Frederic Kerrest, Frederic Kerrest, Frederic Kerrest, and Frederic Kerrest

Abstract

From the cofounder of a $40 billion software company comes an invaluable guide packed with $1 trillion worth of advice from some of the world's most successful and recognizable entrepreneurs. Over the past twenty years, as he first worked as an early employee at Salesforce and later cofounded Okta, a publicly traded software company now valued at over $40 billion, Frederic Kerrest met hundreds of business leaders and investors in Silicon Valley and beyond. In Zero to IPO , he's collected a trove of nitty-gritty tips for each stage of a company's growth and assembled them into a clear blueprint for how to build a business. The book represents the distilled wisdom of his fellow visionaries and leaders who have collectively built over $1 trillion worth of wealth for themselves and their investors: people like Marc Andreesen and Ben Horowitz (Andreessen Horowitz), Eric Yuan (Zoom), Stewart Butterfield (Slack), Aneel Bhusri (Workday), Julia Hartz (Eventbrite), Aaron Levie (Box), Fred Luddy (ServiceNow), Melanie Perkins (Canva), Patty McCord (Netflix), Sebastien Thrun (Udacity), and dozens of other business luminaries. Organized by topic in roughly the order that leaders will encounter them as they scale their businesses, this book is the ultimate guide to taking a company all the way from founding to IPO—and beyond.

50. Treatment of Elephantiasis with Cortisone in French Oceania

Author

Jacques Kerrest and Edward K. Markell

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Oceania, Diuresis, Elephantiasis, medicine.disease, Arteriosclerotic heart disease, Surgery, Cortisone, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, Preliminary report, Virology, Scrotum, Ethnicity, medicine, Humans, Parasitology, business, Penis, Language, medicine.drug
Abstract

Summary Eight patients having advanced filarial elephantiasis were treated with cortisone. Initial treatment consisted of 100 mgm. daily in divided doses, over a period of 30 days or longer. Dosage was then lowered stepwise over several days before discontinuance. Six patients had a marked response to treatment, with diuresis followed by reduction or disappearance of induration. One patient's response could not be assessed; his case was complicated by concurrent arteriosclerotic heart disease. The other treatment failure was in a patient with verrucous skin changes involving penis and scrotum. Such skin changes, which were also seen to a minor degree in other patients, were unaffected by cortisone. In five of the six patients, although induration reappeared or increased following discontinuance of therapy, improvement persisted during the entire period of observation. This period varied from about seven to ten months. Retreatment with smaller doses of cortisone for short periods as relapse occurred seemed beneficial. In the one patient with microfilaremia prior to treatment, the number of microfilariae in the circulating blood increased markedly during treatment, then diminished again as induration reappeared. Biopsies before and after treatment in one patient showed no effect on the elephantoid tissue itself. Diuresis and increase in microfilaremia suggest that the action of cortisone is to reduce the inflammatory blockage of the lymphatics.

Published
1955
Full Text
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