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To increase the success rate of drug discovery, one practical strategy is to begin molecular hybridisation. The presence of two or more pharmacophores in a single unit leads to a pharmacological potency greater than the sum of each individual moiety's potency. Heterocyclic compounds are very widely distributed in nature and are essential for life activities. Benzimidazole and oxadiazole are privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and are widely used in drug discovery and development due to their vast biological properties. The drug‐like properties (like pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics) of the individual scaffolds can be improved by benzimidazole–oxadiazole chimeric molecules via a molecular hybridisation approach. Benzimidazole and oxadiazole cores can either be fused or incorporated using either functional groups/bonds. Over the last few decades, drug discovery scientists have predicted that these moieties could be interconnected to yield a novel or modified hybrid compound. Benzimidazole and oxadiazole hybrids were identified as the most potent anticancer, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antihypertensive and antitubercular agents. In this context, the present review describes the biological properties of benzimidazole–oxadiazole (1,3,4 and 1,2,4) hybrids, their possible structure–activity relationship and the mechanism of action studies presented. This review article is intended to stimulate fresh ideas in the search for rational designs of more active and less toxic benzimidazole–oxadiazole hybrid prospective therapeutic candidates, as well as more effective diagnostic agents and pathologic probes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanotechnology has expanded substantially over the last several decades as an aftermath of its ubiquitous prevalence in scientific research and technology. The current study demonstrates the ecologically benign production of novel nanoparticles comprised of copper oxide (Cu2O NPs). Liquid jaggery played an eloquent role in the present endeavour perpetrating both as a reducing and capping agent. Energy‐Dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV‐Visible Spectroscopy, Field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies, Particle size and Zeta potential supported successful synthesis of Cu2O NPs. This study enumerated and assessed the cytotoxicity of Cu2O NPs on three cancer cell lines: HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF‐7 (breast cancer), and MDAMB‐231 (triple negative breast cancer). IC50 (μg/mL) for Cu2O NPs was recorded as 51.24, 59.24, 64.80 for HeLa, MCF‐7 and MDAMB‐231 cells respectively. The Cu2O NPs also exhibited excellent wound healing efficacy, increased cellular mobility including an elevated rate of closure of wounds (93.70 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of green chemistry principles to nanotechnology is one of the primary topics in the interdisciplinary area of nanoscience, which is a field of research that is perpetually expanding. A method for synthesizing Cu2O nanoparticles from copper(II) salts in an adroit and tactical way by employing solid jaggery as an economical and readily available source of reducing and stabilizing agent has been established. The explicitly synthesized nanoparticles were also discovered to be effective catalysts for the azide‐alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition (click reaction) in an aqueous media as green solvent. The substrate scope entails synthesis of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles with good to excellent yields. The formation of Cu2O NPs was corroborated by various physicochemical methods like UV‐Visible (UV–Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta potential, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction analyses. The Cu2O NPs were substantiated by evaluation using HeLa, MCF‐7, and MDAMB‐231 (IC50: 72.66 μg ml−1, 47.31, 63.44 μg ml−1) cancer cell lines and unveiled eminent anticancer activities. This study also enabled us to elucidate the effects of Cu2O NPs on wound healing and cell migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by the co‐precipitation method and employed as effective nanocatalysts in the tandem synthesis of 3‐(4,5‐diaryl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)quinolin‐2‐amines. An effective multicomponent reaction is plighted for 2‐chloroquinoline‐3‐carbaldehydes and substituted benzils to obtain novel heterocycles 3‐(4,5‐diaryl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)quinolin‐2‐amines. These molecules are fluorescent and hence for proper understanding of optical behaviour, solvatochromic and DFT studies were carried out. Also, the optical and energy bandgaps were calculated. Molecular docking studies manifested the strong binding affinities by these compounds at the active site of the Candida albicans dihydrofolate reductase enzyme (PDB ID: 1AI9) and Novobiocin (PDB ID: 4URO) with excellent C‐score values. Antimicrobial activity screening results have shown remarkable activity against Escherichia coli with appreciable MIC values and hence noteworthy action has been demonstrated against this bacterium. The zones of inhibition for some of the target compounds are also good against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus exhibiting excellent activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]