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1. Exploring Barriers to Accessing Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in South Ethiopia Regional State: A Phenomenological Study Using Levesque’s Framework

Author: Sidamo NB, Kerbo AA, Gidebo KD, and Wado YD
Subjects: adolescent, sexual and reproductive health, access, barriers, southern ethiopia, levesque's framework, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract: Negussie Boti Sidamo,1,2 Amene Abebe Kerbo,1 Kassa Daka Gidebo,1 Yohannes Dibaba Wado3 1School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia; 2School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia; 3African Populations and Health Research Center, Nairobi, KenyaCorrespondence: Negussie Boti Sidamo, Email Hanehalid@gmail.comIntroduction: Evidence suggests that adolescents face multiple barriers to accessing Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services. However, there remains a notable gap in the literature regarding the nuanced interplay between supply-side and demand-side barriers. Therefore, this study aimed to examine barriers to accessing SRH services in the Gamo Zone of South Ethiopia Regional State.Methods: A descriptive phenomenology study was conducted from September 04 to October 15, 2023. A total of seven Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), four with girls and three with boys, with a total of 75 adolescents, and ten Key informant interviews (KIIs)with healthcare providers participated in the study. A semi-structured interview guide was used to explore their lived experiences. All interviews and discussions were audio-recorded. To analyze and manage data framework analysis approach was applied using ATLAS Ti version 7 software.Results: The major barriers preventing adolescents from accessing SRH services are related to the interplay between supply and demand-side barriers across all five domains of the Levesque framework. Despite the high need for access to health care, lack of SRH literacy, lack of outreach activities, and integration of SRH information in health facilities often hampered adolescents’ healthcare need. Additionally, fear of stigma from family and community, social norms, and lack of discussion of SRH issues hindered their ability to seek health care. Shortage of supplies and healthcare providers’ behaviors further hindering adolescents’ ability to access health care services. Furthermore, the limited involvement of adolescents in decision-making and the lack of effective coordination further complicate the appropriateness of services for adolescents.Conclusion: The finding of this study reveals that adolescents face multifaceted barriers. Therefore, there is a need for high-impact complex interventions, program and policy that address both supply and demand side barriers needs to give due intention to improve access to SRH services for adolescents.Keywords: adolescent, sexual and reproductive health, access, barriers, Southern Ethiopia, levesque’s framework
Published: 2024

2. Socio-Ecological Analysis of Barriers to Access and Utilization of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Author: Sidamo NB, Kerbo AA, Gidebo KD, and Wado YD
Subjects: adolescents, qualitative systematic review, sexual and reproductive health services, barriers, sub-saharan africa, socio-ecological model, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract: Negussie Boti Sidamo,1,2 Amene Abebe Kerbo,1 Kassa Daka Gidebo,1 Yohannes Dibaba Wado3 1School of Public Health, College of Health and Medicine Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia; 2School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia; 3African Populations and Health Research Center, Nairobi, KenyaCorrespondence: Negussie Boti Sidamo, Email Hanehalid@gmail.comBackground: In sub-Saharan African countries (SSA), despite the efforts to enable adolescents to access sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, there are limited systematic review studies that comprehensively synthesize barriers to accessing services using a social-ecological model. Therefore, this review was conducted to fill this gap.Methods: This study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022259095). We followed PRISMA guideline to conduct this review. PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase and African Journal Online databases were used. Two authors individually screened articles. Only qualitative articles published in the English in last 10 years were included in this review.Results: From the total of 4890 studies, 23 qualitative studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Those studies were from 11 SSA countries. This review finding revealed that inadequate information about the services, the incorrect perception about services, low self-esteem, fear of being noticed by family members, and financial constraints are barriers at the intrapersonal level. Unsupportive families and lack of open communication between adolescent-parent about sexuality issues were interpersonal barriers to access. Lack of provider competency, provider attitude, an unsupportive environment, physical inaccessibility of services, and shortage of medicine, and supplies were identified as institutional-level barriers. Moreover, community-level barriers like community stigma, social, religious, and gender norms within the society were identified as the main barriers to accessing services for adolescents.Conclusion: This review finding reveals that the main barriers to access SRH services for adolescents living in SSA are misperception about services, low self-esteem to access services, financial constraints, unsupportive families, community stigma and social norms, unsupportive environments in health facilities, healthcare provider behavior, poor competency, being judgmental attitude, and breaking privacy and confidentiality. This study finding calls for new approach like a multi-pronged that works with service providers, with community, with families, and with adolescent to improve SRH services utilization of adolescent.Keywords: adolescents, qualitative systematic review, sexual and reproductive health services, barriers, sub-Saharan Africa, socio-ecological model
Published: 2023

3. The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Alvarez, EM, Force, LM, Xu, R, Compton, K, Lu, D, Henrikson, HJ, Kocarnik, JM, Harvey, JD, Pennini, A, Dean, FE, Fu, W, Vargas, MT, Keegan, THM, Ariffin, H, Barr, RD, Erdomaeva, YA, Gunasekera, DS, John-Akinola, YO, Ketterl, TG, Kutluk, T, Malogolowkin, MH, Mathur, P, Radhakrishnan, V, Ries, LAG, Rodriguez-Galindo, C, Sagoyan, GB, Sultan, I, Abbasi, B, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbastabar, H, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdoli, A, Abebe, H, Abedi, A, Abidi, H, Abolhassani, H, Ali, HA, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Achappa, B, Acuna, JM, Adedeji, IA, Adegboye, OA, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, MS, Meybodi, MA, Ahadinezhad, B, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Salih, YA, Aiman, W, Akalu, GT, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, AlAmodi, AA, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alem, AZ, Alem, DT, Alemayehu, Y, Alhalaiqa, FN, Alhassan, RK, Ali, S, Alicandro, G, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Alkhayyat, M, Alluri, S, Almasri, NA, Al-Maweri, SA, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ameyaw, EK, Amini, S, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anvari, D, Anyasodor, AE, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Argaw, AM, Arshad, M, Arulappan, J, Aryannejad, A, Asemi, Z, Jafarabadi, MA, Atashzar, MR, Atorkey, P, Atreya, A, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awedew, AF, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayele, AD, Ayen, SS, Azab, MA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azami, H, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Jafari, AA, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Bahadory, S, Bai, J, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Banach, M, Barnighausen, TW, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basaleem, H, Batiha, A-MM, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, NC, Belete, R, Belgaumi, UI, Bell, AW, Berhie, AY, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Birara, S, Bjorge, T, Bolarinwa, OA, Bolla, SR, Boloor, A, Braithwaite, D, Brenner, H, Bulamu, NB, Burkart, K, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Cao, C, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Catala-Lopez, F, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Chakinala, RC, Chakraborty, PA, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, P, Chaurasia, A, Chavan, PP, Chimed-Ochir, O, Choi, J-YJ, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Conde, J, Costa, VM, Daar, OB, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Damiani, G, Amico, ED, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darwish, AH, Daryani, A, De la Hoz, FP, Debela, SA, Demie, TGG, Demissie, GD, Demissie, ZG, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Molla, MD, Desai, R, Desta, AA, Dhamnetiya, D, Dharmaratne, SD, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Didehdar, M, Diress, M, Djalalinia, S, Huyen, PD, Doaei, S, Dorostkar, F, dos Santos, WM, Drake, TM, Ekholuenetale, M, El Sayed, I, Zaki, MES, El Tantawi, M, El-Abid, H, Elbahnasawy, MA, Elbarazi, I, Elhabashy, HR, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Enyew, DB, Erkhembayar, R, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Faisaluddin, M, Fares, J, Farooque, U, Fasanmi, AO, Fatima, W, Ferreira de Oliveira, JMP, Ferrero, S, Desideri, LF, Fetensa, G, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gaewkhiew, P, Gallus, S, Garg, T, Gemeda, BNB, Getachew, T, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S-H, Ghashghaee, A, Ghassemi, F, Ghith, N, Gholami, A, Navashenaq, JG, Gilani, SA, Ginindza, TG, Gizaw, AT, Glasbey, JC, Goel, A, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golinelli, D, Gopalani, SV, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Goulart, BNG, Grada, A, Gubari, MIM, Guerra, MR, Guha, A, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haddadi, R, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hailu, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, RR, Hambisa, MT, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Haque, S, Hariri, S, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, SMM, Hashemi, SM, Hassan, TS, Hassanipour, S, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Hebo, SH, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Herrera-Serna, BY, Herteliu, C, Heyi, DZ, Hezam, K, Hole, MK, Holla, R, Horita, N, Hossain, MM, Hossain, MB, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, A, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huang, J, Hussein, NR, Hwang, B-F, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Innos, K, Irham, LM, Islam, RM, Islam, SMS, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Jacob, L, Jadidi-Niaragh, F, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, M, Janghorban, R, Mamaghani, AJ, Jayaram, S, Jayawardena, R, Jazayeri, SB, Jebai, R, Jha, RP, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kabir, A, Kalankesh, LR, Kaliyadan, F, Kamal, Z, Kamath, A, Kandel, H, Kar, SS, Karaye, IM, Karimi, A, Kassa, BG, Kauppila, JH, Bohan, PMK, Kengne, AP, Kerbo, AA, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khalili, N, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khan, MAB, Khanali, J, Khayamzadeh, M, Khosravizadeh, O, Khubchandani, J, Khundkar, R, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kolahi, A-A, Kopec, JA, Koteeswaran, R, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Kugbey, N, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kwarteng, A, La Vecchia, C, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Ledda, C, Lee, S-W, Lee, W-C, Lee, YY, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, B, Li, J, Li, M-C, Lim, SS, Liu, X, Lobo, SW, Loureiro, JA, Lugo, A, Lunevicius, R, Abd El Razek, HM, Razek, MMAE, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Male, S, Malekpour, M-R, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, AA, Mamun, MA, Manafi, N, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, MA, Martini, S, Masoumi, SZ, Matei, CN, Mathur, MR, McAlinden, C, Mehrotra, R, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mentis, A-FA, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AG, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Jonasson, JM, Miazgowski, B, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mingude, AB, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirzaei, H, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Mohammad, KA, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, TA, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Moni, MA, Moradi, G, Moradi, Y, Moradzadeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morrison, SD, Mostafavi, E, Khaneghah, AM, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mubarik, S, Mwanri, L, Nabhan, AF, Nagaraju, SP, Nagata, C, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Naldi, L, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Swamy, SN, Narayana, AI, Nayak, BP, Nayak, VC, Nazari, J, Nduaguba, SO, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Nejadghaderi, SA, Nepal, S, Kandel, SN, Nggada, HA, Nguyen, CT, Nnaji, CA, Nosrati, H, Nouraei, H, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nwatah, VE, Nzoputam, CI, Oancea, B, Odukoya, OO, Oguntade, AS, Oh, I-H, Olagunju, AT, Olagunju, TO, Olakunde, BO, Oluwasanu, MM, Omar, E, Bali, AO, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, OE, Ortega-Altamirano, D, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Oumer, B, Owolabi, MO, Mahesh, PA, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Pardhan, S, Kan, FP, Pasovic, M, Patel, JR, Pati, S, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, U, Pereira, RB, Peres, MFP, Perianayagam, A, Postma, MJ, Pourjafar, H, Pourshams, A, Prashant, A, Pulakunta, T, Qadir, MMFF, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, RA, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Rafiei, S, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, M, Rahman, MA, Rahmani, AM, Rajesh, A, Ramezani-Doroh, V, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, M-M, Rath, GK, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, MS, Regasa, MT, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Rezaeian, M, Rezapour, A, Rezazadeh-Khadem, S, Riad, A, Lopez, LER, Rodriguez, JAB, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, GM, Saber-Ayad, MM, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Sadeghian, S, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM, Sajadi, SM, Salahi, S, Salehi, S, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Sawyer, SM, Saylan, M, Schneider, IJC, Seidu, A-A, Sekerija, M, Sendo, EG, Sepanlou, SG, Seylani, A, Seyoum, K, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shaikh, MA, Shamsoddin, E, Shannawaz, M, Sharma, R, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, BSK, Shetty, PH, Shin, JI, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shobeiri, P, Siabani, S, Sibhat, MM, Malleshappa, SKS, Sidemo, NB, Silva, DAS, Julian, GS, Singh, AD, Singh, JA, Singh, JK, Singh, S, Sinke, AH, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Smith, L, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Soltani-Zangbar, MS, Song, S, Spurlock, EE, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, MB, Abdulkader, RS, Sultana, S, Szerencses, V, Szocska, M, Tabaeian, SP, Tabaras-Seisdedos, R, Tabary, M, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taheri, M, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Tampa, M, Tan, K-K, Tat, VY, Tavakoli, A, Tbakhi, A, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tesfaye, B, Thakur, JS, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thiyagarajan, A, Thomas, N, Tobe-Gai, R, Togtmol, M, Tohidast, SA, Tohidinik, HR, Tolani, MA, Tollosa, DN, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Mai, TNT, Tripathy, JP, Tusa, BS, Ukke, GG, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Umapathi, KK, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Ushula, TW, Vacante, M, Tahbaz, SV, Varthya, SB, Veroux, M, Villeneuve, PJ, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Giang, TV, Waheed, Y, Wang, N, Ward, P, Weldesenbet, AB, Wen, YF, Westerman, R, Winkler, AS, Wubishet, BL, Xu, S, Jabbari, SHY, Yang, L, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yazie, TS, Yehualashet, SS, Yeshaneh, A, Yeshaw, Y, Yirdaw, BW, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zadnik, V, Zahir, M, Moghadam, TZ, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zandian, H, Zare, F, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z-J, Ziapour, A, Zoladl, M, Murray, CJL, Fitzmaurice, C, Bleyer, A, Bhakta, N, Gebremeskel, TG, Alvarez, EM, Force, LM, Xu, R, Compton, K, Lu, D, Henrikson, HJ, Kocarnik, JM, Harvey, JD, Pennini, A, Dean, FE, Fu, W, Vargas, MT, Keegan, THM, Ariffin, H, Barr, RD, Erdomaeva, YA, Gunasekera, DS, John-Akinola, YO, Ketterl, TG, Kutluk, T, Malogolowkin, MH, Mathur, P, Radhakrishnan, V, Ries, LAG, Rodriguez-Galindo, C, Sagoyan, GB, Sultan, I, Abbasi, B, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbastabar, H, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdoli, A, Abebe, H, Abedi, A, Abidi, H, Abolhassani, H, Ali, HA, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Achappa, B, Acuna, JM, Adedeji, IA, Adegboye, OA, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, MS, Meybodi, MA, Ahadinezhad, B, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Salih, YA, Aiman, W, Akalu, GT, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, AlAmodi, AA, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alem, AZ, Alem, DT, Alemayehu, Y, Alhalaiqa, FN, Alhassan, RK, Ali, S, Alicandro, G, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Alkhayyat, M, Alluri, S, Almasri, NA, Al-Maweri, SA, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ameyaw, EK, Amini, S, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anvari, D, Anyasodor, AE, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Argaw, AM, Arshad, M, Arulappan, J, Aryannejad, A, Asemi, Z, Jafarabadi, MA, Atashzar, MR, Atorkey, P, Atreya, A, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awedew, AF, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayele, AD, Ayen, SS, Azab, MA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azami, H, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Jafari, AA, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Bahadory, S, Bai, J, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Banach, M, Barnighausen, TW, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basaleem, H, Batiha, A-MM, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, NC, Belete, R, Belgaumi, UI, Bell, AW, Berhie, AY, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Birara, S, Bjorge, T, Bolarinwa, OA, Bolla, SR, Boloor, A, Braithwaite, D, Brenner, H, Bulamu, NB, Burkart, K, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Cao, C, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Catala-Lopez, F, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Chakinala, RC, Chakraborty, PA, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, P, Chaurasia, A, Chavan, PP, Chimed-Ochir, O, Choi, J-YJ, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Conde, J, Costa, VM, Daar, OB, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Damiani, G, Amico, ED, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darwish, AH, Daryani, A, De la Hoz, FP, Debela, SA, Demie, TGG, Demissie, GD, Demissie, ZG, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Molla, MD, Desai, R, Desta, AA, Dhamnetiya, D, Dharmaratne, SD, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Didehdar, M, Diress, M, Djalalinia, S, Huyen, PD, Doaei, S, Dorostkar, F, dos Santos, WM, Drake, TM, Ekholuenetale, M, El Sayed, I, Zaki, MES, El Tantawi, M, El-Abid, H, Elbahnasawy, MA, Elbarazi, I, Elhabashy, HR, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Enyew, DB, Erkhembayar, R, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Faisaluddin, M, Fares, J, Farooque, U, Fasanmi, AO, Fatima, W, Ferreira de Oliveira, JMP, Ferrero, S, Desideri, LF, Fetensa, G, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gaewkhiew, P, Gallus, S, Garg, T, Gemeda, BNB, Getachew, T, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S-H, Ghashghaee, A, Ghassemi, F, Ghith, N, Gholami, A, Navashenaq, JG, Gilani, SA, Ginindza, TG, Gizaw, AT, Glasbey, JC, Goel, A, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golinelli, D, Gopalani, SV, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Goulart, BNG, Grada, A, Gubari, MIM, Guerra, MR, Guha, A, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haddadi, R, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hailu, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, RR, Hambisa, MT, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Haque, S, Hariri, S, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, SMM, Hashemi, SM, Hassan, TS, Hassanipour, S, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Hebo, SH, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Herrera-Serna, BY, Herteliu, C, Heyi, DZ, Hezam, K, Hole, MK, Holla, R, Horita, N, Hossain, MM, Hossain, MB, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, A, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huang, J, Hussein, NR, Hwang, B-F, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Innos, K, Irham, LM, Islam, RM, Islam, SMS, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Jacob, L, Jadidi-Niaragh, F, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, M, Janghorban, R, Mamaghani, AJ, Jayaram, S, Jayawardena, R, Jazayeri, SB, Jebai, R, Jha, RP, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kabir, A, Kalankesh, LR, Kaliyadan, F, Kamal, Z, Kamath, A, Kandel, H, Kar, SS, Karaye, IM, Karimi, A, Kassa, BG, Kauppila, JH, Bohan, PMK, Kengne, AP, Kerbo, AA, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khalili, N, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khan, MAB, Khanali, J, Khayamzadeh, M, Khosravizadeh, O, Khubchandani, J, Khundkar, R, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kolahi, A-A, Kopec, JA, Koteeswaran, R, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Kugbey, N, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kwarteng, A, La Vecchia, C, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Ledda, C, Lee, S-W, Lee, W-C, Lee, YY, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, B, Li, J, Li, M-C, Lim, SS, Liu, X, Lobo, SW, Loureiro, JA, Lugo, A, Lunevicius, R, Abd El Razek, HM, Razek, MMAE, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Male, S, Malekpour, M-R, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, AA, Mamun, MA, Manafi, N, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, MA, Martini, S, Masoumi, SZ, Matei, CN, Mathur, MR, McAlinden, C, Mehrotra, R, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mentis, A-FA, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AG, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Jonasson, JM, Miazgowski, B, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mingude, AB, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirzaei, H, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Mohammad, KA, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, TA, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Moni, MA, Moradi, G, Moradi, Y, Moradzadeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morrison, SD, Mostafavi, E, Khaneghah, AM, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mubarik, S, Mwanri, L, Nabhan, AF, Nagaraju, SP, Nagata, C, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Naldi, L, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Swamy, SN, Narayana, AI, Nayak, BP, Nayak, VC, Nazari, J, Nduaguba, SO, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Nejadghaderi, SA, Nepal, S, Kandel, SN, Nggada, HA, Nguyen, CT, Nnaji, CA, Nosrati, H, Nouraei, H, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nwatah, VE, Nzoputam, CI, Oancea, B, Odukoya, OO, Oguntade, AS, Oh, I-H, Olagunju, AT, Olagunju, TO, Olakunde, BO, Oluwasanu, MM, Omar, E, Bali, AO, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, OE, Ortega-Altamirano, D, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Oumer, B, Owolabi, MO, Mahesh, PA, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Pardhan, S, Kan, FP, Pasovic, M, Patel, JR, Pati, S, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, U, Pereira, RB, Peres, MFP, Perianayagam, A, Postma, MJ, Pourjafar, H, Pourshams, A, Prashant, A, Pulakunta, T, Qadir, MMFF, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, RA, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Rafiei, S, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, M, Rahman, MA, Rahmani, AM, Rajesh, A, Ramezani-Doroh, V, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, M-M, Rath, GK, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, MS, Regasa, MT, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Rezaeian, M, Rezapour, A, Rezazadeh-Khadem, S, Riad, A, Lopez, LER, Rodriguez, JAB, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, GM, Saber-Ayad, MM, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Sadeghian, S, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM, Sajadi, SM, Salahi, S, Salehi, S, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Sawyer, SM, Saylan, M, Schneider, IJC, Seidu, A-A, Sekerija, M, Sendo, EG, Sepanlou, SG, Seylani, A, Seyoum, K, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shaikh, MA, Shamsoddin, E, Shannawaz, M, Sharma, R, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, BSK, Shetty, PH, Shin, JI, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shobeiri, P, Siabani, S, Sibhat, MM, Malleshappa, SKS, Sidemo, NB, Silva, DAS, Julian, GS, Singh, AD, Singh, JA, Singh, JK, Singh, S, Sinke, AH, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Smith, L, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Soltani-Zangbar, MS, Song, S, Spurlock, EE, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, MB, Abdulkader, RS, Sultana, S, Szerencses, V, Szocska, M, Tabaeian, SP, Tabaras-Seisdedos, R, Tabary, M, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taheri, M, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Tampa, M, Tan, K-K, Tat, VY, Tavakoli, A, Tbakhi, A, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tesfaye, B, Thakur, JS, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thiyagarajan, A, Thomas, N, Tobe-Gai, R, Togtmol, M, Tohidast, SA, Tohidinik, HR, Tolani, MA, Tollosa, DN, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Mai, TNT, Tripathy, JP, Tusa, BS, Ukke, GG, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Umapathi, KK, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Ushula, TW, Vacante, M, Tahbaz, SV, Varthya, SB, Veroux, M, Villeneuve, PJ, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Giang, TV, Waheed, Y, Wang, N, Ward, P, Weldesenbet, AB, Wen, YF, Westerman, R, Winkler, AS, Wubishet, BL, Xu, S, Jabbari, SHY, Yang, L, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yazie, TS, Yehualashet, SS, Yeshaneh, A, Yeshaw, Y, Yirdaw, BW, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zadnik, V, Zahir, M, Moghadam, TZ, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zandian, H, Zare, F, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z-J, Ziapour, A, Zoladl, M, Murray, CJL, Fitzmaurice, C, Bleyer, A, Bhakta, N, and Gebremeskel, TG
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. METHODS: Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. FINDINGS: There were 1·19 million (95% UI 1·11-1·28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59·6 [54·5-65·7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53·2 [48·8-57·9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14
Published: 2022

4. Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Ledesma, JR, Ma, J, Vongpradith, A, Maddison, ER, Novotney, A, Biehl, MH, LeGrand, KE, Ross, JM, Jahagirdar, D, Bryazka, D, Feldman, R, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, AE, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adebayo, OM, Adnani, QES, Afzal, S, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, SA, Ahmadi, S, Rashid, TA, Salih, YA, Aklilu, A, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Alemayehu, Y, Alene, KA, Ali, BA, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Anderson, JA, Androudi, S, Antonio, CAT, Antony, CM, Anwer, R, Arabloo, J, Arja, A, Asemahagn, MA, Atre, SR, Azhar, GS, Darshan, BB, Babar, Z-U-D, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Barqawi, HJ, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Belgaumi, UI, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharjee, N, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Boloor, A, Briko, NI, Buonsenso, D, Nagaraja, SB, Butt, ZA, Carter, A, Carvalho, F, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Claassens, MM, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darwesh, AM, Dhamnetiya, D, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Linh, PD, Eftekharzadeh, S, Elhadi, M, Emami, A, Enany, S, Faraon, EJA, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, E, Desideri, LF, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foroutan, M, Frank, TD, Garcia-Basteiro, AL, Garcia-Calavaro, C, Garg, T, Geberemariyam, BS, Ghadiri, K, Ghashghaee, A, Golechha, M, Goodridge, A, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haider, MR, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Hasaballah, A, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Hussain, R, Ibitoye, SE, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irvani, SSN, Ismail, NE, Itumalla, R, Jaafari, J, Jacobsen, KH, Jain, V, Javanmardi, F, Jayapal, SK, Jayaram, S, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Kabir, Z, Kamath, A, Kanchan, T, Kandel, H, Katoto, PD, Kayode, GA, Kendrick, PJ, Kerbo, AA, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khatab, K, Khoja, AT, Khubchandani, J, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kosen, S, Koul, PA, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Bicer, BK, Kumar, A, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kwarteng, A, Lak, HM, Lal, DK, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lee, SWH, Lee, W-C, Lin, C, Liu, X, Lopukhov, PD, Lozano, R, Machado, DB, Kunjathur, SM, Madi, D, Mahajan, PB, Majeed, A, Malik, AA, Martins-Melo, FR, Mehta, S, Memish, ZA, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Merie, HE, Mersha, AG, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Mheidly, NM, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Molokhia, M, Moni, MA, Al Montasir, A, Moore, CE, Nagarajan, AJ, Nair, S, Naqvi, AA, Swamy, SN, Nayak, BP, Nazari, J, Kandel, SN, Nguyen, TH, Nixon, MR, Nnaji, CA, Ntsekhe, M, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Odukoya, OO, Olagunju, AT, Oren, E, Mahesh, PA, Parthasarathi, R, Kan, FP, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, R, Paul, P, Pawar, S, Pepito, VCF, Yigit, V, Perico, N, Pirestani, M, Polibin, R, Postma, MJ, Pourshams, A, Prashant, A, Pribadi, DRA, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Reitsma, MB, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, AMN, Reta, MA, Rezaei, N, Rezahosseini, O, Rezai, MS, Rezapour, A, Roshandel, G, Roshchin, DO, Sabour, S, Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM, Salam, N, Kafil, HS, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Saroshe, S, Sartorius, B, Sathian, B, Sawyer, SM, Senthilkumaran, S, Seylani, A, Shafaat, O, Shaikh, MA, Sharafi, K, Shetty, RS, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Silva, JP, Singh, JK, Sinha, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Spurlock, EE, Sreeramareddy, CT, Steiropoulos, P, Sufiyan, MB, Tabuchi, T, Tadesse, EG, Tamir, Z, Tarkang, EE, Tekalegn, Y, Tesfay, FH, Tessema, B, Thapar, R, Tleyjeh, II, Tobe-Gai, R, Bach, XT, Tsegaye, B, Tsegaye, GW, Ullah, A, Umeokonkwo, CD, Tahbaz, SV, Bay, V, Giang, TV, Waheed, Y, Walters, MK, Whisnant, JL, Woldekidan, MA, Wubishet, BL, Jabbari, SHY, Yazie, TSY, Yeshaw, Y, Yi, S, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Z-J, Zumla, A, Mokdad, AH, Salomon, JA, Reiner, RC, Lim, SS, Naghavi, M, Vos, T, Hay, S, Murray, CJL, Kyu, HH, Ledesma, JR, Ma, J, Vongpradith, A, Maddison, ER, Novotney, A, Biehl, MH, LeGrand, KE, Ross, JM, Jahagirdar, D, Bryazka, D, Feldman, R, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, AE, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adebayo, OM, Adnani, QES, Afzal, S, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, SA, Ahmadi, S, Rashid, TA, Salih, YA, Aklilu, A, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Alemayehu, Y, Alene, KA, Ali, BA, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Anderson, JA, Androudi, S, Antonio, CAT, Antony, CM, Anwer, R, Arabloo, J, Arja, A, Asemahagn, MA, Atre, SR, Azhar, GS, Darshan, BB, Babar, Z-U-D, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Barqawi, HJ, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Belgaumi, UI, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharjee, N, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Boloor, A, Briko, NI, Buonsenso, D, Nagaraja, SB, Butt, ZA, Carter, A, Carvalho, F, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Claassens, MM, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darwesh, AM, Dhamnetiya, D, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Linh, PD, Eftekharzadeh, S, Elhadi, M, Emami, A, Enany, S, Faraon, EJA, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, E, Desideri, LF, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foroutan, M, Frank, TD, Garcia-Basteiro, AL, Garcia-Calavaro, C, Garg, T, Geberemariyam, BS, Ghadiri, K, Ghashghaee, A, Golechha, M, Goodridge, A, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haider, MR, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Hasaballah, A, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Hussain, R, Ibitoye, SE, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irvani, SSN, Ismail, NE, Itumalla, R, Jaafari, J, Jacobsen, KH, Jain, V, Javanmardi, F, Jayapal, SK, Jayaram, S, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Kabir, Z, Kamath, A, Kanchan, T, Kandel, H, Katoto, PD, Kayode, GA, Kendrick, PJ, Kerbo, AA, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khatab, K, Khoja, AT, Khubchandani, J, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kosen, S, Koul, PA, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Bicer, BK, Kumar, A, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kwarteng, A, Lak, HM, Lal, DK, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lee, SWH, Lee, W-C, Lin, C, Liu, X, Lopukhov, PD, Lozano, R, Machado, DB, Kunjathur, SM, Madi, D, Mahajan, PB, Majeed, A, Malik, AA, Martins-Melo, FR, Mehta, S, Memish, ZA, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Merie, HE, Mersha, AG, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Mheidly, NM, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Molokhia, M, Moni, MA, Al Montasir, A, Moore, CE, Nagarajan, AJ, Nair, S, Naqvi, AA, Swamy, SN, Nayak, BP, Nazari, J, Kandel, SN, Nguyen, TH, Nixon, MR, Nnaji, CA, Ntsekhe, M, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Odukoya, OO, Olagunju, AT, Oren, E, Mahesh, PA, Parthasarathi, R, Kan, FP, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, R, Paul, P, Pawar, S, Pepito, VCF, Yigit, V, Perico, N, Pirestani, M, Polibin, R, Postma, MJ, Pourshams, A, Prashant, A, Pribadi, DRA, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Reitsma, MB, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, AMN, Reta, MA, Rezaei, N, Rezahosseini, O, Rezai, MS, Rezapour, A, Roshandel, G, Roshchin, DO, Sabour, S, Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM, Salam, N, Kafil, HS, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Saroshe, S, Sartorius, B, Sathian, B, Sawyer, SM, Senthilkumaran, S, Seylani, A, Shafaat, O, Shaikh, MA, Sharafi, K, Shetty, RS, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Silva, JP, Singh, JK, Sinha, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Spurlock, EE, Sreeramareddy, CT, Steiropoulos, P, Sufiyan, MB, Tabuchi, T, Tadesse, EG, Tamir, Z, Tarkang, EE, Tekalegn, Y, Tesfay, FH, Tessema, B, Thapar, R, Tleyjeh, II, Tobe-Gai, R, Bach, XT, Tsegaye, B, Tsegaye, GW, Ullah, A, Umeokonkwo, CD, Tahbaz, SV, Bay, V, Giang, TV, Waheed, Y, Walters, MK, Whisnant, JL, Woldekidan, MA, Wubishet, BL, Jabbari, SHY, Yazie, TSY, Yeshaw, Y, Yi, S, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Z-J, Zumla, A, Mokdad, AH, Salomon, JA, Reiner, RC, Lim, SS, Naghavi, M, Vos, T, Hay, S, Murray, CJL, and Kyu, HH
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. METHODS: We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction approach to estimate mortality related to HIV and tuberculosis coinfection. A compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR 2.1) was then used to synthesise all available data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, population-based tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis cause-specific mortality, to produce estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality that were internally consistent. We further estimated the fraction of tuberculosis mortality that is attributable to independent effects of risk factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes, for HIV-negative individuals. For individuals with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection, we assessed mortality attributable to HIV risk factors including unsafe sex, intimate partner violence (only estimated among females), and injection drug use. We present 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates. FINDINGS: Globally, in 2019, among HIV-negative individuals, there were 1·18 million (95% uncertainty interval 1·08-1·29) deaths due to tuberculosis and 8·50 million (7·45-9·73) incident cases of tuberculosis
Published: 2022

5. Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for 29 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Author: Global Burden of Disease Cancer Collaboration, Fitzmaurice C, Abate D, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdel-Rahman O, Abdelalim A, Abdoli A, Abdollahpour I, Abdulle ASM, Abebe ND, Abraha HN, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abualhasan A, Adedeji IA, Advani SM, Afarideh M, Afshari M, Aghaali M, Agius D, Agrawal S, Ahmadi A, Ahmadian E, Ahmadpour E, Ahmed MB, Akbari ME, Akinyemiju T, Al-Aly Z, AlAbdulKader AM, Alahdab F, Alam T, Alamene GM, Alemnew BTT, Alene KA, Alinia C, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Bakeshei FA, Almadi MAH, Almasi-Hashiani A, Alsharif U, Alsowaidi S, Alvis-Guzman N, Amini E, Amini S, Amoako YA, Anbari Z, Anber NH, Andrei CL, Anjomshoa M, Ansari F, Ansariadi A, Appiah SCY, Arab-Zozani M, Arabloo J, Arefi Z, Aremu O, Areri HA, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Asfaw ET, Ashagre AF, Assadi R, Ataeinia B, Atalay HT, Ataro Z, Atique S, Ausloos M, Avila-Burgos L, Avokpaho EFGA, Awasthi A, Awoke N, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayanore MA, Ayele HT, Babaee E, Bacha U, Badawi A, Bagherzadeh M, Bagli E, Balakrishnan S, Balouchi A, Bärnighausen TW, Battista RJ, Behzadifar M, Bekele BB, Belay YB, Belayneh YM, Berfield KKS, Berhane A, Bernabe E, Beuran M, Bhakta N, Bhattacharyya K, Biadgo B, Bijani A, Bin Sayeed MS, Birungi C, Bisignano C, Bitew H, Bjørge T, Bleyer A, Bogale KA, Bojia HA, Borzì AM, Bosetti C, Bou-Orm IR, Brenner H, Brewer JD, Briko AN, Briko NI, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt ZA, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Carvalho F, Castro C, Castro F, Catalá-López F, Cerin E, Chaiah Y, Chanie WF, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chauhan NS, Chehrazi M, Chiang PP, Chichiabellu TY, Chido-Amajuoyi OG, Chimed-Ochir O, Choi JJ, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Constantin MM, Costa VM, Crocetti E, Crowe CS, Curado MP, Dahlawi SMA, Damiani G, Darwish AH, Daryani A, das Neves J, Demeke FM, Demis AB, Demissie BW, Demoz GT, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Derakhshani A, Deribe KS, Desai R, Desalegn BB, Desta M, Dey S, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Diaz D, Dinberu MTT, Djalalinia S, Doku DT, Drake TM, Dubey M, Dubljanin E, Duken EE, Ebrahimi H, Effiong A, Eftekhari A, El Sayed I, Zaki MES, El-Jaafary SI, El-Khatib Z, Elemineh DA, Elkout H, Ellenbogen RG, Elsharkawy A, Emamian MH, Endalew DA, Endries AY, Eshrati B, Fadhil I, Fallah V, Faramarzi M, Farhangi MA, Farioli A, Farzadfar F, Fentahun N, Fernandes E, Feyissa GT, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Force LM, Foroutan M, Freitas M, Fukumoto T, Futran ND, Gallus S, Gankpe FG, Gayesa RT, Gebrehiwot TT, Gebremeskel GG, Gedefaw GA, Gelaw BK, Geta B, Getachew S, Gezae KE, Ghafourifard M, Ghajar A, Ghashghaee A, Gholamian A, Gill PS, Ginindza TTG, Girmay A, Gizaw M, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goulart BNG, Grada A, Ribeiro Guerra M, Guimaraes ALS, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Hadkhale K, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Hanfore LK, Haro JM, Hasankhani M, Hasanzadeh A, Hassen HY, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Henok A, Henry NJ, Herteliu C, Hidru HD, Hoang CL, Hole MK, Hoogar P, Horita N, Hosgood HD, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hussen MM, Ileanu B, Ilic MD, Innos K, Irvani SSN, Iseh KR, Islam SMS, Islami F, Jafari Balalami N, Jafarinia M, Jahangiry L, Jahani MA, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, James SL, Javanbakht M, Jayaraman S, Jee SH, Jenabi E, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Jonnagaddala J, Joo T, Jungari SB, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kamangar F, Karch A, Karimi N, Karimian A, Kasaeian A, Kasahun GG, Kassa B, Kassa TD, Kassaw MW, Kaul A, Keiyoro PN, Kelbore AG, Kerbo AA, Khader YS, Khalilarjmandi M, Khan EA, Khan G, Khang YH, Khatab K, Khater A, Khayamzadeh M, Khazaee-Pool M, Khazaei S, Khoja AT, Khosravi MH, Khubchandani J, Kianipour N, Kim D, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Komaki H, Koyanagi A, Krohn KJ, Bicer BK, Kugbey N, Kumar V, Kuupiel D, La Vecchia C, Lad DP, Lake EA, Lakew AM, Lal DK, Lami FH, Lan Q, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Lazarus JV, Leigh J, Leshargie CT, Liao Y, Limenih MA, Listl S, Lopez AD, Lopukhov PD, Lunevicius R, Madadin M, Magdeldin S, El Razek HMA, Majeed A, Maleki A, Malekzadeh R, Manafi A, Manafi N, Manamo WA, Mansourian M, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Maroufizadeh S, Martini SMS, Mashamba-Thompson TP, Massenburg BB, Maswabi MT, Mathur MR, McAlinden C, McKee M, Meheretu HAA, Mehrotra R, Mehta V, Meier T, Melaku YA, Meles GG, Meles HG, Melese A, Melku M, Memiah PTN, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Merat S, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Mihretie KMM, Miller TR, Mills EJ, Mir SM, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Mishra R, Moazen B, Mohammad DK, Mohammad KA, Mohammad Y, Darwesh AM, Mohammadbeigi A, Mohammadi H, Mohammadi M, Mohammadian M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed AS, Mohammed JA, Mohammed S, Mohebi F, Mokdad AH, Monasta L, Moodley Y, Moosazadeh M, Moossavi M, Moradi G, Moradi-Joo M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradpour F, Morawska L, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morisaki N, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mousavi SM, Muche AA, Muhammed OSS, Musa J, Nabhan AR, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Nagel G, Nahvijou A, Naik G, Najafi F, Naldi L, Nam HS, Nasiri N, Nazari J, Negoi I, Neupane S, Newcomb PA, Nggada HA, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen CT, Nikniaz L, Ningrum DNA, Nirayo YL, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Nojomi M, Nosratnejad S, Shiadeh MN, Obsa MS, Ofori-Asenso R, Ogbo FA, Oh IH, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Oluwasanu MM, Omonisi AE, Onwujekwe OE, Oommen AM, Oren E, Ortega-Altamirano DDV, Ota E, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakhale S, Pakpour AH, Pana A, Park EK, Parsian H, Pashaei T, Patel S, Patil ST, Pennini A, Pereira DM, Piccinelli C, Pillay JD, Pirestani M, Pishgar F, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Pourmalek F, Pourshams A, Prakash S, Prasad N, Qorbani M, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi M, Rahman MA, Rajati F, Rana SM, Raoofi S, Rath GK, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Reiner RC, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Ribeiro AI, Ribeiro D, Ronfani L, Roro EM, Roshandel G, Rostami A, Saad RS, Sabbagh P, Sabour S, Saddik B, Safiri S, Sahebkar A, Salahshoor MR, Salehi F, Salem H, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Salomon JA, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Santric Milicevic MM, Sartorius B, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawhney M, Sayyah M, Schneider IJC, Schöttker B, Sekerija M, Sepanlou SG, Sepehrimanesh M, Seyedmousavi S, Shaahmadi F, Shabaninejad H, Shahbaz M, Shaikh MA, Shamshirian A, Shamsizadeh M, Sharafi H, Sharafi Z, Sharif M, Sharifi A, Sharifi H, Sharma R, Sheikh A, Shirkoohi R, Shukla SR, Si S, Siabani S, Silva DAS, Silveira DGA, Singh A, Singh JA, Sisay S, Sitas F, Sobngwi E, Soofi M, Soriano JB, Stathopoulou V, Sufiyan MB, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Takahashi K, Tamtaji OR, Tarawneh MR, Tassew SG, Taymoori P, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Temsah O, Tesfay BE, Tesfay FH, Teshale MY, Tessema GA, Thapa S, Tlaye KG, Topor-Madry R, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tsadik AG, Ullah I, Uthman OA, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Varona Pérez P, Veisani Y, Vidale S, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vos T, Vosoughi K, Vu GT, Vujcic IS, Wabinga H, Wachamo TM, Wagnew FS, Waheed Y, Weldegebreal F, Weldesamuel GT, Wijeratne T, Wondafrash DZ, Wonde TE, Wondmieneh AB, Workie HM, Yadav R, Yadegar A, Yadollahpour A, Yaseri M, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yeshaneh A, Yimam MA, Yimer EM, Yisma E, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi B, Yousefifard M, Yu C, Zabeh E, Zadnik V, Moghadam TZ, Zaidi Z, Zamani M, Zandian H, Zangeneh A, Zaki L, Zendehdel K, Zenebe ZM, Zewale TA, Ziapour A, Zodpey S, Murray CJL, Fitzmaurice C., Abate D., Abbasi N., Abbastabar H., Abd-Allah F., Abdel-Rahman O., Abdelalim A., Abdoli A., Abdollahpour I., Abdulle A.S.M., Abebe N.D., Abraha H.N., Abu-Raddad L.J., Abualhasan A., Adedeji I.A., Advani S.M., Afarideh M., Afshari M., Aghaali M., Agius D., Agrawal S., Ahmadi A., Ahmadian E., Ahmadpour E., Ahmed M.B., Akbari M.E., Akinyemiju T., Al-Aly Z., Alabdulkader A.M., Alahdab F., Alam T., Alamene G.M., Alemnew B.T.T., Alene K.A., Alinia C., Alipour V., Aljunid S.M., Bakeshei F.A., Almadi M.A.H., Almasi-Hashiani A., Alsharif U., Alsowaidi S., Alvis-Guzman N., Amini E., Amini S., Amoako Y.A., Anbari Z., Anber N.H., Andrei C.L., Anjomshoa M., Ansari F., Ansariadi A., Appiah S.C.Y., Arab-Zozani M., Arabloo J., Arefi Z., Aremu O., Areri H.A., Artaman A., Asayesh H., Asfaw E.T., Ashagre A.F., Assadi R., Ataeinia B., Atalay H.T., Ataro Z., Atique S., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Avokpaho E.F.G.A., Awasthi A., Awoke N., Ayala Quintanilla B.P., Ayanore M.A., Ayele H.T., Babaee E., Bacha U., Badawi A., Bagherzadeh M., Bagli E., Balakrishnan S., Balouchi A., Barnighausen T.W., Battista R.J., Behzadifar M., Bekele B.B., Belay Y.B., Belayneh Y.M., Berfield K.K.S., Berhane A., Bernabe E., Beuran M., Bhakta N., Bhattacharyya K., Biadgo B., Bijani A., Bin Sayeed M.S., Birungi C., Bisignano C., Bitew H., Bjorge T., Bleyer A., Bogale K.A., Bojia H.A., Borzi A.M., Bosetti C., Bou-Orm I.R., Brenner H., Brewer J.D., Briko A.N., Briko N.I., Bustamante-Teixeira M.T., Butt Z.A., Carreras G., Carrero J.J., Carvalho F., Castro C., Castro F., Catala-Lopez F., Cerin E., Chaiah Y., Chanie W.F., Chattu V.K., Chaturvedi P., Chauhan N.S., Chehrazi M., Chiang P.P.-C., Chichiabellu T.Y., Chido-Amajuoyi O.G., Chimed-Ochir O., Choi J.-Y.J., Christopher D.J., Chu D.-T., Constantin M.-M., Costa V.M., Crocetti E., Crowe C.S., Curado M.P., Dahlawi S.M.A., Damiani G., Darwish A.H., Daryani A., Das Neves J., Demeke F.M., Demis A.B., Demissie B.W., Demoz G.T., Denova-Gutierrez E., Derakhshani A., Deribe K.S., Desai R., Desalegn B.B., Desta M., Dey S., Dharmaratne S.D., Dhimal M., Diaz D., Dinberu M.T.T., Djalalinia S., Doku D.T., Drake T.M., Dubey M., Dubljanin E., Duken E.E., Ebrahimi H., Effiong A., Eftekhari A., El Sayed I., Zaki M.E.S., El-Jaafary S.I., El-Khatib Z., Elemineh D.A., Elkout H., Ellenbogen R.G., Elsharkawy A., Emamian M.H., Endalew D.A., Endries A.Y., Eshrati B., Fadhil I., Fallah V., Faramarzi M., Farhangi M.A., Farioli A., Farzadfar F., Fentahun N., Fernandes E., Feyissa G.T., Filip I., Fischer F., Fisher J.L., Force L.M., Foroutan M., Freitas M., Fukumoto T., Futran N.D., Gallus S., Gankpe F.G., Gayesa R.T., Gebrehiwot T.T., Gebremeskel G.G., Gedefaw G.A., Gelaw B.K., Geta B., Getachew S., Gezae K.E., Ghafourifard M., Ghajar A., Ghashghaee A., Gholamian A., Gill P.S., Ginindza T.T.G., Girmay A., Gizaw M., Gomez R.S., Gopalani S.V., Gorini G., Goulart B.N.G., Grada A., Ribeiro Guerra M., Guimaraes A.L.S., Gupta P.C., Gupta R., Hadkhale K., Haj-Mirzaian A., Hamadeh R.R., Hamidi S., Hanfore L.K., Haro J.M., Hasankhani M., Hasanzadeh A., Hassen H.Y., Hay R.J., Hay S.I., Henok A., Henry N.J., Herteliu C., Hidru H.D., Hoang C.L., Hole M.K., Hoogar P., Horita N., Hosgood H.D., Hosseini M., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc M., Hostiuc S., Househ M., Hussen M.M., Ileanu B., Ilic M.D., Innos K., Irvani S.S.N., Iseh K.R., Islam S.M.S., Islami F., Jafari Balalami N., Jafarinia M., Jahangiry L., Jahani M.A., Jahanmehr N., Jakovljevic M., James S.L., Javanbakht M., Jayaraman S., Jee S.H., Jenabi E., Jha R.P., Jonas J.B., Jonnagaddala J., Joo T., Jungari S.B., Jurisson M., Kabir A., Kamangar F., Karch A., Karimi N., Karimian A., Kasaeian A., Kasahun G.G., Kassa B., Kassa T.D., Kassaw M.W., Kaul A., Keiyoro P.N., Kelbore A.G., Kerbo A.A., Khader Y.S., Khalilarjmandi M., Khan E.A., Khan G., Khang Y.-H., Khatab K., Khater A., Khayamzadeh M., Khazaee-Pool M., Khazaei S., Khoja A.T., Khosravi M.H., Khubchandani J., Kianipour N., Kim D., Kim Y.J., Kisa A., Kisa S., Kissimova-Skarbek K., Komaki H., Koyanagi A., Krohn K.J., Bicer B.K., Kugbey N., Kumar V., Kuupiel D., La Vecchia C., Lad D.P., Lake E.A., Lakew A.M., Lal D.K., Lami F.H., Lan Q., Lasrado S., Lauriola P., Lazarus J.V., Leigh J., Leshargie C.T., Liao Y., Limenih M.A., Listl S., Lopez A.D., Lopukhov P.D., Lunevicius R., Madadin M., Magdeldin S., El Razek H.M.A., Majeed A., Maleki A., Malekzadeh R., Manafi A., Manafi N., Manamo W.A., Mansourian M., Mansournia M.A., Mantovani L.G., Maroufizadeh S., Martini S.M.S., Mashamba-Thompson T.P., Massenburg B.B., Maswabi M.T., Mathur M.R., McAlinden C., McKee M., Meheretu H.A.A., Mehrotra R., Mehta V., Meier T., Melaku Y.A., Meles G.G., Meles H.G., Melese A., Melku M., Memiah P.T.N., Mendoza W., Menezes R.G., Merat S., Meretoja T.J., Mestrovic T., Miazgowski B., Miazgowski T., Mihretie K.M.M., Miller T.R., Mills E.J., Mir S.M., Mirzaei H., Mirzaei H.R., Mishra R., Moazen B., Mohammad D.K., Mohammad K.A., Mohammad Y., Darwesh A.M., Mohammadbeigi A., Mohammadi H., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadoo-Khorasani M., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohammed A.S., Mohammed J.A., Mohammed S., Mohebi F., Mokdad A.H., Monasta L., Moodley Y., Moosazadeh M., Moossavi M., Moradi G., Moradi-Joo M., Moradi-Lakeh M., Moradpour F., Morawska L., Morgado-Da-costa J., Morisaki N., Morrison S.D., Mosapour A., Mousavi S.M., Muche A.A., Muhammed O.S.S., Musa J., Nabhan A.R., Naderi M., Nagarajan A.J., Nagel G., Nahvijou A., Naik G., Najafi F., Naldi L., Nam H.S., Nasiri N., Nazari J., Negoi I., Neupane S., Newcomb P.A., Nggada H.A., Ngunjiri J.W., Nguyen C.T., Nikniaz L., Ningrum D.N.A., Nirayo Y.L., Nixon M.R., Nnaji C.A., Nojomi M., Nosratnejad S., Shiadeh M.N., Obsa M.S., Ofori-Asenso R., Ogbo F.A., Oh I.-H., Olagunju A.T., Olagunju T.O., Oluwasanu M.M., Omonisi A.E., Onwujekwe O.E., Oommen A.M., Oren E., Ortega-Altamirano D.D.V., Ota E., Otstavnov S.S., Owolabi M.O., P A M., Padubidri J.R., Pakhale S., Pakpour A.H., Pana A., Park E.-K., Parsian H., Pashaei T., Patel S., Patil S.T., Pennini A., Pereira D.M., Piccinelli C., Pillay J.D., Pirestani M., Pishgar F., Postma M.J., Pourjafar H., Pourmalek F., Pourshams A., Prakash S., Prasad N., Qorbani M., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Radfar A., Rafiei A., Rahim F., Rahimi M., Rahman M.A., Rajati F., Rana S.M., Raoofi S., Rath G.K., Rawaf D.L., Rawaf S., Reiner R.C., Renzaho A.M.N., Rezaei N., Rezapour A., Ribeiro A.I., Ribeiro D., Ronfani L., Roro E.M., Roshandel G., Rostami A., Saad R.S., Sabbagh P., Sabour S., Saddik B., Safiri S., Sahebkar A., Salahshoor M.R., Salehi F., Salem H., Salem M.R., Salimzadeh H., Salomon J.A., Samy A.M., Sanabria J., Santric Milicevic M.M., Sartorius B., Sarveazad A., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Savic M., Sawhney M., Sayyah M., Schneider I.J.C., Schottker B., Sekerija M., Sepanlou S.G., Sepehrimanesh M., Seyedmousavi S., Shaahmadi F., Shabaninejad H., Shahbaz M., Shaikh M.A., Shamshirian A., Shamsizadeh M., Sharafi H., Sharafi Z., Sharif M., Sharifi A., Sharifi H., Sharma R., Sheikh A., Shirkoohi R., Shukla S.R., Si S., Siabani S., Silva D.A.S., Silveira D.G.A., Singh A., Singh J.A., Sisay S., Sitas F., Sobngwi E., Soofi M., Soriano J.B., Stathopoulou V., Sufiyan M.B., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tabuchi T., Takahashi K., Tamtaji O.R., Tarawneh M.R., Tassew S.G., Taymoori P., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Temsah M.-H., Temsah O., Tesfay B.E., Tesfay F.H., Teshale M.Y., Tessema G.A., Thapa S., Tlaye K.G., Topor-Madry R., Tovani-Palone M.R., Traini E., Tran B.X., Tran K.B., Tsadik A.G., Ullah I., Uthman O.A., Vacante M., Vaezi M., Varona Perez P., Veisani Y., Vidale S., Violante F.S., Vlassov V., Vollset S.E., Vos T., Vosoughi K., Vu G.T., Vujcic I.S., Wabinga H., Wachamo T.M., Wagnew F.S., Waheed Y., Weldegebreal F., Weldesamuel G.T., Wijeratne T., Wondafrash D.Z., Wonde T.E., Wondmieneh A.B., Workie H.M., Yadav R., Yadegar A., Yadollahpour A., Yaseri M., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yeshaneh A., Yimam M.A., Yimer E.M., Yisma E., Yonemoto N., Younis M.Z., Yousefi B., Yousefifard M., Yu C., Zabeh E., Zadnik V., Moghadam T.Z., Zaidi Z., Zamani M., Zandian H., Zangeneh A., Zaki L., Zendehdel K., Zenebe Z.M., Zewale T.A., Ziapour A., Zodpey S., Murray C.J.L., Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Clinicum, Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Fitzmaurice, C, Abate, D, Abbasi, N, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdel-Rahman, O, Abdelalim, A, 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Berfield, K, Berhane, A, Bernabe, E, Beuran, M, Bhakta, N, Bhattacharyya, K, Biadgo, B, Bijani, A, Bin Sayeed, M, Birungi, C, Bisignano, C, Bitew, H, Bjorge, T, Bleyer, A, Bogale, K, Bojia, H, Borzi, A, Bosetti, C, Bou-Orm, I, Brenner, H, Brewer, J, Briko, A, Briko, N, Bustamante-Teixeira, M, Butt, Z, Carreras, G, Carrero, J, Carvalho, F, Castro, C, Castro, F, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, Chaiah, Y, Chanie, W, Chattu, V, Chaturvedi, P, Chauhan, N, Chehrazi, M, Chiang, P, Chichiabellu, T, Chido-Amajuoyi, O, Chimed-Ochir, O, Choi, J, Christopher, D, Chu, D, Constantin, M, Costa, V, Crocetti, E, Crowe, C, Curado, M, Dahlawi, S, Damiani, G, Darwish, A, Daryani, A, Das Neves, J, Demeke, F, Demis, A, Demissie, B, Demoz, G, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Derakhshani, A, Deribe, K, Desai, R, Desalegn, B, Desta, M, Dey, S, Dharmaratne, S, Dhimal, M, Diaz, D, Dinberu, M, Djalalinia, S, Doku, D, Drake, T, Dubey, M, Dubljanin, E, Duken, E, Ebrahimi, H, Effiong, A, Eftekhari, A, El Sayed, I, Zaki, M, 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Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vollset, S, Vos, T, Vosoughi, K, Vu, G, Vujcic, I, Wabinga, H, Wachamo, T, Wagnew, F, Waheed, Y, Weldegebreal, F, Weldesamuel, G, Wijeratne, T, Wondafrash, D, Wonde, T, Wondmieneh, A, Workie, H, Yadav, R, Yadegar, A, Yadollahpour, A, Yaseri, M, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yeshaneh, A, Yimam, M, Yimer, E, Yisma, E, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yousefi, B, Yousefifard, M, Yu, C, Zabeh, E, Zadnik, V, Moghadam, T, Zaidi, Z, Zamani, M, Zandian, H, Zangeneh, A, Zaki, L, Zendehdel, K, Zenebe, Z, Zewale, T, Ziapour, A, Zodpey, S, Murray, C, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Abate, Degu, Abbasi, Naghmeh, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Yisma, Engida, Murray, Christopher JL, and Global Burden of Disease Cancer Collaboration
Subjects: Cancer Research, age distribution, cancer incidence, Colorectal cancer, GBD, DALY, cancer risk, Global Health, Global Burden of Disease, disease burden, cause of death, trachea cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, systematic review, Neoplasms, quality adjusted life year, 11. Sustainability, Epidemiology, cancer mortality, 030212 general & internal medicine, years of life lost, Stomach cancer, fertility, disabled person, stomach cancer, disability-adjusted life year, nonhodgkin lymphoma, Incidence, 1. No poverty, prostate cancer, 3. Good health, income, Oncology, risk factor, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, bladder cancer, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, medicine.medical_specialty, sex difference, 3122 Cancers, colorectal cancer, bronchus cancer, Article, educational status, Causes of cancer, liver cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, breast cancer, Environmental health, geographic distribution, medicine, Humans, Disabled Persons, human, business.industry, Correction, Cancer, non melanoma skin cancer, medicine.disease, years lived with disability, lung cancer, Years of potential life lost, Skin cancer, global disease burden, business, neoplasm, RC, uterine cervix cancer
Abstract: Importance: Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are now widely recognized as a threat to global development. The latest United Nations high-level meeting on NCDs reaffirmed this observation and also highlighted the slow progress in meeting the 2011 Political Declaration on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases and the third Sustainable Development Goal. Lack of situational analyses, priority setting, and budgeting have been identified as major obstacles in achieving these goals. All of these have in common that they require information on the local cancer epidemiology. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is uniquely poised to provide these crucial data. Objective: To describe cancer burden for 29 cancer groups in 195 countries from 1990 through 2017 to provide data needed for cancer control planning. Evidence Review: We used the GBD study estimation methods to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-Adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results are presented at the national level as well as by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and total fertility rate. We also analyzed the influence of the epidemiological vs the demographic transition on cancer incidence. Findings: In 2017, there were 24.5 million incident cancer cases worldwide (16.8 million without nonmelanoma skin cancer [NMSC]) and 9.6 million cancer deaths. The majority of cancer DALYs came from years of life lost (97%), and only 3% came from years lived with disability. The odds of developing cancer were the lowest in the low SDI quintile (1 in 7) and the highest in the high SDI quintile (1 in 2) for both sexes. In 2017, the most common incident cancers in men were NMSC (4.3 million incident cases); tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer (1.5 million incident cases); and prostate cancer (1.3 million incident cases). The most common causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for men were TBL cancer (1.3 million deaths and 28.4 million DALYs), liver cancer (572000 deaths and 15.2 million DALYs), and stomach cancer (542000 deaths and 12.2 million DALYs). For women in 2017, the most common incident cancers were NMSC (3.3 million incident cases), breast cancer (1.9 million incident cases), and colorectal cancer (819000 incident cases). The leading causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for women were breast cancer (601000 deaths and 17.4 million DALYs), TBL cancer (596000 deaths and 12.6 million DALYs), and colorectal cancer (414000 deaths and 8.3 million DALYs). Conclusions and Relevance: The national epidemiological profiles of cancer burden in the GBD study show large heterogeneities, which are a reflection of different exposures to risk factors, economic settings, lifestyles, and access to care and screening. The GBD study can be used by policy makers and other stakeholders to develop and improve national and local cancer control in order to achieve the global targets and improve equity in cancer care. © 2019 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Published: 2019
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6. Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Barber, RM, Fullman, N, Sorensen, RJD, Bollyky, T, McKee, M, Nolte, E, Abajobir, AA, Abate, KH, Abbafati, C, Abbas, KM, Abd-Allah, F, Abdulle, AM, Abdurahman, AA, Abera, SF, Abraham, B, Abreha, GF, Adane, K, Adelekan, AL, Adetifa, IMO, Afshin, A, Agarwal, A, Agarwal, SK, Agarwal, S, Agrawal, A, Kiadaliri, AA, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, KY, Ahmed, MB, Akinyemi, RO, Akinyemiju, TF, Akseer, N, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, N, Alam, SS, Alemu, ZA, Alene, KA, Alexander, L, Ali, R, Ali, SD, Alizadeh-Navaei, R, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Allen, C, Al-Raddadi, R, Alsharif, U, Altirkawi, KA, Martin, EA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, AT, Amini, E, Ammar, W, Amo-Adjei, J, Amoako, YA, Anderson, BO, Androudi, S, Ansari, H, Ansha, MG, Antonio, CAT, Ärnlöv, J, Artaman, A, Asayesh, H, Assadi, R, Astatkie, A, Atey, TM, Atique, S, Atnafu, NT, Atre, SR, Avila-Burgos, L, Avokpaho, EFGA, Quintanilla, BPA, Awasthi, A, Ayele, NN, Azzopardi, P, Saleem, HOB, Bärnighausen, T, Bacha, U, Badawi, A, Banerjee, A, 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Menota, BG, Mensah, GA, Mereta, ST, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, TJ, Mezgebe, HB, Micha, R, Millear, A, Mills, EJ, Minnig, S, Mirarefin, M, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mock, CN, Mohammad, KA, Mohammed, S, Mohanty, SK, Mokdad, AH, Mola, GLD, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Montico, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Mori, R, Moses, M, Mueller, UO, Murthy, S, Musa, KI, Nachega, JB, Nagata, C, Nagel, G, Naghavi, M, Naheed, A, Naldi, L, Nangia, V, Nascimento, BR, Negoi, I, Neupane, SP, Newton, CR, Ng, M, Ngalesoni, FN, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, G, Ningrum, DNA, Nolte, S, Nomura, M, Norheim, OF, Norrving, B, Noubiap, JJN, Obermeyer, CM, Ogbo, FA, Oh, I-H, Okoro, A, Oladimeji, O, Olagunju, AT, Olivares, PR, Olsen, HE, Olusanya, BO, Olusanya, JO, Opio, JN, Oren, E, Ortiz, A, Osborne, RH, Osman, M, Owolabi, MO, PA, M, Pain, AW, Pakhale, S, Castillo, EP, Pana, A, Papachristou, C, Parsaeian, M, Patel, T, Patton, GC, Paudel, D, Paul, VK, Pearce, N, Pereira, DM, Perez-Padilla, R, Perez-Ruiz, F, Perico, N, Pesudovs, K, Petzold, M, Phillips, MR, Pigott, DM, Pillay, JD, Pinho, C, Polinder, S, Pond, CD, Prakash, V, Purwar, M, Qorbani, M, Quistberg, DA, Radfar, A, Rafay, A, Rahimi, K, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahman, MHU, Rai, RK, Ram, U, Rana, SM, Rankin, Z, Rao, PV, Rao, PC, Rawaf, S, Rego, MAS, Reitsma, M, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, AMNN, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, S, Rezai, MS, Ribeiro, AL, Roba, HS, Rokni, MB, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Roth, GA, Rothenbacher, D, Roy, NK, Sachdev, PS, Sackey, BB, Saeedi, MY, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Sahraian, MA, Saleh, MM, Salomon, JA, Samy, AM, Sanabria, JR, Sanchez-Niño, MD, Sandar, L, Santos, IS, Santos, JV, Milicevic, MMS, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Savic, M, Sawhney, M, Saylan, MI, Schöttker, B, Schutte, AE, Schwebel, DC, Seedat, S, Seid, AM, Seifu, CN, Sepanlou, SG, Serdar, B, Servan-Mori, EE, Setegn, T, Shackelford, KA, Shaheen, A, Shahraz, S, Shaikh, MA, Shakh-Nazarova, M, Shamsipour, M, Islam, SMS, Sharma, J, Sharma, R, She, J, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shen, J, Shi, P, Shigematsu, M, Shin, M-J, Shiri, R, Shoman, H, Shrime, MG, Sibamo, ELS, Sigfusdottir, ID, Silva, DAS, Silveira, DGA, Sindi, S, Singh, A, Singh, JA, Singh, OP, Singh, PK, Singh, V, Sinke, AH, Sinshaw, AE, Skirbekk, V, Sliwa, K, Smith, A, Sobngwi, E, Soneji, S, Soriano, JB, Sousa, TCM, Sposato, LA, Sreeramareddy, CT, Stathopoulou, V, Steel, N, Steiner, C, Steinke, S, Stokes, MA, Stranges, S, Strong, M, Stroumpoulis, K, Sturua, L, Sufiyan, MB, Suliankatchi, RA, Sun, J, Sur, P, Swaminathan, S, Sykes, BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabb, KM, Taffere, GR, Talongwa, RT, Tarajia, M, Tavakkoli, M, Taveira, N, Teeple, S, Tegegne, TK, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekelab, T, Tekle, DY, Shifa, GT, Terkawi, AS, Tesema, AG, Thakur, JS, Thomson, AJ, Tillmann, T, Tiruye, TY, Tobe-Gai, R, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Tortajada, M, Troeger, C, Truelsen, T, Tura, AK, Uchendu, US, Ukwaja, KN, Undurraga, EA, Uneke, CJ, Uthman, OA, van Boven, JFM, Van Dingenen, R, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, FS, Vladimirov, SK, Vlassov, VV, Vollset, SE, Vos, T, Wagner, JA, Wakayo, T, Waller, SG, Walson, JL, Wang, H, Wang, Y-P, Watkins, DA, Weiderpass, E, Weintraub, RG, Wen, C-P, Werdecker, A, Wesana, J, Westerman, R, Whiteford, HA, Wilkinson, JD, Wiysonge, CS, Woldeyes, BG, Wolfe, CDA, Won, S, Workicho, A, Workie, SB, Wubshet, M, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yadav, AK, Yaghoubi, M, Yakob, B, Yan, LL, Yano, Y, Yaseri, M, Yimam, HH, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S-J, Younis, MZ, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zambrana-Torrelio, C, Zapata, T, Zenebe, ZM, Zodpey, S, Zoeckler, L, Zuhlke, LJ, Murray, CJL, Barber, RM, Fullman, N, Sorensen, RJD, Bollyky, T, McKee, M, Nolte, E, Abajobir, AA, Abate, KH, Abbafati, C, Abbas, KM, Abd-Allah, F, Abdulle, AM, Abdurahman, AA, Abera, SF, Abraham, B, Abreha, GF, Adane, K, Adelekan, AL, Adetifa, IMO, Afshin, A, Agarwal, A, Agarwal, SK, Agarwal, S, Agrawal, A, Kiadaliri, AA, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, KY, Ahmed, MB, Akinyemi, RO, Akinyemiju, TF, Akseer, N, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, N, Alam, SS, Alemu, ZA, Alene, KA, Alexander, L, Ali, R, Ali, SD, Alizadeh-Navaei, R, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Allen, C, Al-Raddadi, R, Alsharif, U, Altirkawi, KA, Martin, EA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, AT, Amini, E, Ammar, W, Amo-Adjei, J, Amoako, YA, Anderson, BO, Androudi, S, Ansari, H, Ansha, MG, Antonio, CAT, Ärnlöv, J, Artaman, A, Asayesh, H, Assadi, R, Astatkie, A, Atey, TM, Atique, S, Atnafu, NT, Atre, SR, Avila-Burgos, L, Avokpaho, EFGA, Quintanilla, BPA, Awasthi, A, Ayele, NN, Azzopardi, P, Saleem, HOB, Bärnighausen, T, Bacha, U, Badawi, A, Banerjee, A, Barac, A, Barboza, MA, Barker-Collo, SL, Barrero, LH, Basu, S, Baune, BT, Baye, K, Bayou, YT, Bazargan-Hejazi, S, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Béjot, Y, Bello, AK, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Berhane, A, Bernabé, E, Bernal, OA, Beyene, AS, Beyene, TJ, Bhutta, ZA, Biadgilign, S, Bikbov, B, Birlik, SM, Birungi, C, Biryukov, S, Bisanzio, D, Bizuayehu, HM, Bose, D, Brainin, M, Brauer, M, Brazinova, A, Breitborde, NJK, Brenner, H, Butt, ZA, Cárdenas, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Campos-Nonato, IR, Car, J, Carrero, JJ, Casey, D, Caso, V, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Rivas, JC, Catalá-López, F, Cecilio, P, Cercy, K, Charlson, FJ, Chen, AZ, Chew, A, Chibalabala, M, Chibueze, CE, Chisumpa, VH, Chitheer, AA, Chowdhury, R, Christensen, H, Christopher, DJ, Ciobanu, LG, Cirillo, M, Coggeshall, MS, Cooper, LT, Cortinovis, M, Crump, JA, Dalal, K, Danawi, H, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargan, PI, das Neves, J, Davey, G, Davitoiu, DV, Davletov, K, De Leo, D, Del Gobbo, LC, del Pozo-Cruz, B, Dellavalle, RP, Deribe, K, Deribew, A, Des Jarlais, DC, Dey, S, Dharmaratne, SD, Dicker, D, Ding, EL, Dokova, K, Dorsey, ER, Doyle, KE, Dubey, M, Ehrenkranz, R, Ellingsen, CL, Elyazar, I, Enayati, A, Ermakov, SP, Eshrati, B, Esteghamati, A, Estep, K, Fürst, T, Faghmous, IDA, Fanuel, FBB, Faraon, EJA, Farid, TA, Farinha, CSES, Faro, A, Farvid, MS, Farzadfar, F, Feigin, VL, Feigl, AB, Fereshtehnejad, S-M, Fernandes, JG, Fernandes, JC, Feyissa, TR, Fischer, F, Fitzmaurice, C, Fleming, TD, Foigt, N, Foreman, KJ, Forouzanfar, MH, Franklin, RC, Frostad, J, G/hiwot, TT, Gakidou, E, Gambashidze, K, Gamkrelidze, A, Gao, W, Garcia-Basteiro, AL, Gebre, T, Gebremedhin, AT, Gebremichael, MW, Gebru, AA, Gelaye, AA, Geleijnse, JM, Genova-Maleras, R, Gibney, KB, Giref, AZ, Gishu, MD, Giussani, G, Godwin, WW, Gold, A, Goldberg, EM, Gona, PN, Goodridge, A, Gopalani, SV, Goto, A, Graetz, N, Greaves, F, Griswold, M, Guban, PI, Gugnani, HC, Gupta, PC, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Gupta, V, Habtewold, TD, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haile, D, Hailu, AD, Hailu, GB, Hakuzimana, A, Hamadeh, RR, Hambisa, MT, Hamidi, S, Hammami, M, Hankey, GJ, Hao, Y, Harb, HL, Hareri, HA, Haro, JM, Hassanvand, MS, Havmoeller, R, Hay, RJ, Hay, SI, Hendrie, D, Heredia-Pi, IB, Hoek, HW, Horino, M, Horita, N, Hosgood, HD, Htet, AS, Hu, G, Huang, H, Huang, JJ, Huntley, BM, Huynh, C, Iburg, KM, Ileanu, BV, Innos, K, Irenso, AA, Jahanmehr, N, Jakovljevic, MB, James, P, James, SL, Javanbakht, M, Jayaraman, SP, Jayatilleke, AU, Jeemon, P, Jha, V, John, D, Johnson, C, Johnson, SC, Jonas, JB, Juel, K, Kabir, Z, Kalkonde, Y, Kamal, R, Kan, H, Karch, A, Karema, CK, Karimi, SM, Kasaeian, A, Kassebaum, NJ, Kastor, A, Katikireddi, SV, Kazanjan, K, Keiyoro, PN, Kemmer, L, Kemp, AH, Kengne, AP, Kerbo, AA, Kereselidze, M, Kesavachandran, CN, Khader, YS, Khalil, I, Khan, AR, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khang, Y-H, Khoja, ATA, Khonelidze, I, Khubchandani, J, Kibret, GD, Kim, D, Kim, P, Kim, YJ, Kimokoti, RW, Kinfu, Y, Kissoon, N, Kivipelto, M, Kokubo, Y, Kolk, A, Kolte, D, Kopec, JA, Kosen, S, Koul, PA, Koyanagi, A, Kravchenko, M, Krishnaswami, S, Krohn, KJ, Defo, BK, Bicer, BK, Kuipers, EJ, Kulkarni, VS, Kumar, GA, Kumsa, FA, Kutz, M, Kyu, HH, Lager, ACJ, Lal, A, Lal, DK, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lan, Q, Langan, SM, Lansingh, VC, Larson, HJ, Larsson, A, Laryea, DO, Latif, AA, Lawrynowicz, AEB, Leasher, JL, Leigh, J, Leinsalu, M, Leshargie, CT, Leung, J, Leung, R, Levi, M, Liang, X, Lim, SS, Lind, M, Linn, S, Lipshultz, SE, Liu, P, Liu, Y, Lo, L-T, Logroscino, G, Lopez, AD, Lorch, SA, Lotufo, PA, Lozano, R, Lunevicius, R, Lyons, RA, Macarayan, ERK, Mackay, MT, El Razek, HMA, El Razek, MMA, Mahdavi, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, DC, Mantovani, LG, Manyazewal, T, Mapoma, CC, Marcenes, W, Marks, GB, Marquez, N, Martinez-Raga, J, Marzan, MB, Massano, J, Mathur, MR, Maulik, PK, Mazidi, M, McAlinden, C, McGrath, JJ, McNellan, C, Meaney, PA, Mehari, A, Mehndiratta, MM, Meier, T, Mekonnen, AB, Meles, KG, Memish, ZA, Mengesha, MM, Mengiste, DT, Mengistie, MA, Menota, BG, Mensah, GA, Mereta, ST, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, TJ, Mezgebe, HB, Micha, R, Millear, A, Mills, EJ, Minnig, S, Mirarefin, M, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mock, CN, Mohammad, KA, Mohammed, S, Mohanty, SK, Mokdad, AH, Mola, GLD, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Montico, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Mori, R, Moses, M, Mueller, UO, Murthy, S, Musa, KI, Nachega, JB, Nagata, C, Nagel, G, Naghavi, M, Naheed, A, Naldi, L, Nangia, V, Nascimento, BR, Negoi, I, Neupane, SP, Newton, CR, Ng, M, Ngalesoni, FN, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, G, Ningrum, DNA, Nolte, S, Nomura, M, Norheim, OF, Norrving, B, Noubiap, JJN, Obermeyer, CM, Ogbo, FA, Oh, I-H, Okoro, A, Oladimeji, O, Olagunju, AT, Olivares, PR, Olsen, HE, Olusanya, BO, Olusanya, JO, Opio, JN, Oren, E, Ortiz, A, Osborne, RH, Osman, M, Owolabi, MO, PA, M, Pain, AW, Pakhale, S, Castillo, EP, Pana, A, Papachristou, C, Parsaeian, M, Patel, T, Patton, GC, Paudel, D, Paul, VK, Pearce, N, Pereira, DM, Perez-Padilla, R, Perez-Ruiz, F, Perico, N, Pesudovs, K, Petzold, M, Phillips, MR, Pigott, DM, Pillay, JD, Pinho, C, Polinder, S, Pond, CD, Prakash, V, Purwar, M, Qorbani, M, Quistberg, DA, Radfar, A, Rafay, A, Rahimi, K, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahman, MHU, Rai, RK, Ram, U, Rana, SM, Rankin, Z, Rao, PV, Rao, PC, Rawaf, S, Rego, MAS, Reitsma, M, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, AMNN, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, S, Rezai, MS, Ribeiro, AL, Roba, HS, Rokni, MB, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Roth, GA, Rothenbacher, D, Roy, NK, Sachdev, PS, Sackey, BB, Saeedi, MY, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Sahraian, MA, Saleh, MM, Salomon, JA, Samy, AM, Sanabria, JR, Sanchez-Niño, MD, Sandar, L, Santos, IS, Santos, JV, Milicevic, MMS, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Savic, M, Sawhney, M, Saylan, MI, Schöttker, B, Schutte, AE, Schwebel, DC, Seedat, S, Seid, AM, Seifu, CN, Sepanlou, SG, Serdar, B, Servan-Mori, EE, Setegn, T, Shackelford, KA, Shaheen, A, Shahraz, S, Shaikh, MA, Shakh-Nazarova, M, Shamsipour, M, Islam, SMS, Sharma, J, Sharma, R, She, J, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shen, J, Shi, P, Shigematsu, M, Shin, M-J, Shiri, R, Shoman, H, Shrime, MG, Sibamo, ELS, Sigfusdottir, ID, Silva, DAS, Silveira, DGA, Sindi, S, Singh, A, Singh, JA, Singh, OP, Singh, PK, Singh, V, Sinke, AH, Sinshaw, AE, Skirbekk, V, Sliwa, K, Smith, A, Sobngwi, E, Soneji, S, Soriano, JB, Sousa, TCM, Sposato, LA, Sreeramareddy, CT, Stathopoulou, V, Steel, N, Steiner, C, Steinke, S, Stokes, MA, Stranges, S, Strong, M, Stroumpoulis, K, Sturua, L, Sufiyan, MB, Suliankatchi, RA, Sun, J, Sur, P, Swaminathan, S, Sykes, BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabb, KM, Taffere, GR, Talongwa, RT, Tarajia, M, Tavakkoli, M, Taveira, N, Teeple, S, Tegegne, TK, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekelab, T, Tekle, DY, Shifa, GT, Terkawi, AS, Tesema, AG, Thakur, JS, Thomson, AJ, Tillmann, T, Tiruye, TY, Tobe-Gai, R, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Tortajada, M, Troeger, C, Truelsen, T, Tura, AK, Uchendu, US, Ukwaja, KN, Undurraga, EA, Uneke, CJ, Uthman, OA, van Boven, JFM, Van Dingenen, R, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, FS, Vladimirov, SK, Vlassov, VV, Vollset, SE, Vos, T, Wagner, JA, Wakayo, T, Waller, SG, Walson, JL, Wang, H, Wang, Y-P, Watkins, DA, Weiderpass, E, Weintraub, RG, Wen, C-P, Werdecker, A, Wesana, J, Westerman, R, Whiteford, HA, Wilkinson, JD, Wiysonge, CS, Woldeyes, BG, Wolfe, CDA, Won, S, Workicho, A, Workie, SB, Wubshet, M, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yadav, AK, Yaghoubi, M, Yakob, B, Yan, LL, Yano, Y, Yaseri, M, Yimam, HH, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S-J, Younis, MZ, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zambrana-Torrelio, C, Zapata, T, Zenebe, ZM, Zodpey, S, Zoeckler, L, Zuhlke, LJ, and Murray, CJL
Published: 2017

7. Exploring preferences to accessing sexual and reproductive health services: A qualitative study of adolescents' and service provider perspectives.

Author: Sidamo NB, Kerbo AA, Gidebo KD, and Wado YD
Subjects: Humans, Adolescent, Male, Female, Ethiopia, Focus Groups, Sexual Health, Young Adult, Patient Preference, Sexual Behavior psychology, Reproductive Health, Reproductive Health Services, Health Services Accessibility, Qualitative Research, Health Personnel psychology
Abstract: Background: Understanding what adolescents want and how preferences are likely to vary among different groups is important to make the healthcare system responsive to the needs of adolescents and to maximize service utilization. Despite this, evidence is scarce in this aspect. Therefore, this study aimed to explore preferences for accessing Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services from the perspective of adolescents and health care providers in the South Ethiopia Regional State., Methods: A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted from September 04 to October 15, 2023. Seven Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and ten Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were conducted with purposively selected seventy-five adolescents and ten healthcare providers respectively. A semi-structured interview guide was used to explore their lived experiences. All interviews and discussions were audio-recorded. The research team transcribed the collected data verbatim and translated it into English. The data was analyzed using a thematic analysis approach., Results: In this study, five main themes were identified. The identified main themes were preferred SRH services provider, preferred SRH services venue, preferred SRH services provision time, preferred SRH services information sources, and preferred strategies to improve access to SRH services. Regarding preferred SRH service providers, adolescents prefer males by sex, younger health care providers by age, and not neighborhood health providers by residence. Concerning preferred SRH services venue, adolescents prefer pharmacies as a venue to access condoms and emergency pills, while they prefer traditional medical centers as a source of abortion services. Besides this, schools are a preferred venue for adolescents to access SRH information. Moreover, sexual partners, close friends, and peers who experienced similar problems are the preferred sources of SRH information for adolescents. Furthermore, engagement of private health facilities, strengthening engagement of faith-based organization, and strengthening community-based SRH services provision were identified as preferred strategies to improve access to SRH services., Conclusion: Improving access to sexual and reproductive health services necessitates the implementation of innovative and responsive strategies that address the diverse preferences and needs of adolescents. Prioritizing adolescent engagement in healthcare is vital, as it fosters a better understanding of their unique perspectives and ultimately enhances the accessibility and utilization of these essential services., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Sidamo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2024
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8. Factors associated with perceived social support among adolescents in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Author: Sidamo NB, Kerbo AA, Wado YD, Koyira MM, and Gidebo KD
Abstract: Introduction: Perceived social support plays a crucial role in adolescent development, health, well-being, and resilience. Understanding the factors associated with perceived social support among adolescents is essential for designing effective interventions. However, research in this area, particularly within specific contexts, remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors associated with perceived social support among adolescents in the Gamo Zone, South Ethiopia Regional State., Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 1172 adolescents selected through a stratified multi-stage sampling method. Structured face-to-face interviews were employed for data collection. Summary statistics were utilized for data presentation. Multiple linear regressions were then performed to identify factors associated with perceived social support. The strength and direction of associations were presented using β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The level of statistical significance was set at alpha 5%., Result: The total mean for perceived social support among adolescents was 57.02 ± 12.68. Adolescents living with their biological parents reported significantly higher levels of perceived social support (β = 4.17, 95% CI: 2.00 to 6.34) compared to their counterparts. Similarly, adolescents engaged in paid work within the last 12 months reported higher perceived social support (β = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.39 to 5.46). Higher levels of parental monitoring were also associated with increased perceived social support (β = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.82). Additionally, adolescents who perceived risks for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) problems reported higher levels of perceived social support (β = 2.76, 95% CI: 0.84 to 4.69). Moreover, adolescents with good knowledge about SRH rights exhibited increased perceived social support (β = 2.46, 95% CI: 0.89 to 4.02). Furthermore, adolescents residing in rural areas reported higher levels of perceived social support compared to those in urban areas (β = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.16 to 3.11)., Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that factors such as living arrangements, employment status, parental monitoring, perceived risks for SRH problems, knowledge about SRH rights, and geographical context emerged as important predictors of perceived social support. Therefore, implementing interventions and initiatives to address these identified factors holds promise for nurturing resilient adolescent social support networks., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Sidamo, Kerbo, Wado, Koyira and Gidebo.)
Published: 2024
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9. Analysis of food security among eucalyptus tree farming smallholder farmers in Gurage Zone, Ethiopia: An application of a composite food security indicator.

Author: Kerbo AA, Degaga DT, and Beyene AD
Abstract: This study examines the contribution of eucalyptus tree expansion on rural households' food security status, focusing on the specific context of Ethiopia. Eucalyptus trees pose a significant challenge to the rural food system, warranting investigation. A composite food security indicator was used, and data were collected through household surveys, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). Descriptive analysis and multinomial logistic regression models were employed for data analysis. The findings reveal that among the sampled households, 31.2% were classified as food secured, 24.8% as intermediate food secured, and 44.0% as food insecured. Econometric estimations highlight the positive influence of variables such as total land holding and livestock on the likelihood of being in the food secured category. Moreover, a unit increase in income earned from the sale of eucalyptus trees leads to an 8.5% higher probability of being in the intermediate category, while decreasing the likelihood of falling into the categories of food insecurity by 8.1% and food security by 0.4%. Importantly, this study uncovers the diverse consequences of eucalyptus trees across different food security categories, suggesting that the planting of eucalyptus trees for improving rural livelihoods and food security must be tailored to specific household conditions. The research outcomes provide valuable insights for guiding future policies, practices, and research endeavors aimed at achieving a sustainable food system in rural Ethiopia., Competing Interests: This research has not received any financial support from a third party. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial or non-financial interest or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)
Published: 2024
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10. A systematic review and meta-analysis of antimicrobial resistance knowledge, attitudes, and practices: Current evidence to build a strong national antimicrobial drug resistance narrative in Ethiopia.

Author: Woldegeorgis BZ, Kerbo AA, Obsa MS, and Mokonnon TM
Subjects: Humans, Ethiopia epidemiology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Prevalence, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a silent pandemic that has claimed millions of lives, and resulted in long-term disabilities, limited treatment options, and high economic costs associated with the healthcare burden. Given the rising prevalence of AMR, which is expected to pose a challenge to current empirical antibiotic treatment strategies, we sought to summarize the available data on knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding AMR in Ethiopia. Articles were searched in international electronic databases. Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and STATA software version 16 were used for data extraction and analysis, respectively. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis 2020 checklist was followed. The methodological quality of the studies included was assessed by the Joana Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists. The random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate Der Simonian-Laird's pooled effect. Statistical heterogeneity of the meta-analysis was checked through Higgins and Thompson's I2 statistics and Cochran's Q test. Publication bias was investigated by funnel plots, and the regression-based test of Egger for small study effects with a P value < 0.05 was considered to indicate potential reporting bias. In addition, sensitivity and subgroup meta-analyses were performed. Fourteen studies with a total of 4476 participants met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the pooled prevalence of good AMR knowledge was 51.53% [(95% confidence interval (CI): 37.85, 65.21), I2 = 99.0%, P <0.001]. The pooled prevalence of favorable attitudes and good practices were 63.43% [(95% CI: 42.66, 84.20), I2 = 99.6, P <0.001], and 48.85% [(95% CI: 38.68, 59.01), I2 = 93.1, P <0.001] respectively. In conclusion, there is a significant knowledge and practice gap on AMR among the general public, patients, and livestock producers. As a result, we call for greater educational interventions to raise awareness and build a strong national AMR narrative., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist, (Copyright: © 2023 Woldegeorgis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2023
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11. Prevalence and determinants of opportunistic infections among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: Woldegeorgis BZ, Zekarias Z, Adem BG, Obsa MS, and Kerbo AA
Abstract: Background: Reliable data on the burden of opportunistic infections (OIs) after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical for planning health services and reducing OI-related morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, there has been no nationally representative information on the prevalence of OIs in our country. Therefore, we have undertaken this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence, and identify factors associated with the development of OIs in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected adults receiving ART in Ethiopia., Methods: Articles were searched in international electronic databases. A standardized Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and STATA software version 16 were used for data extraction and analysis, respectively. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist was used to write this report. The random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled effect. The statistical heterogeneity of the meta-analysis was checked. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. Publication bias was examined in funnel plots and the nonparametric rank correlation test of Begg and the regression-based test of Egger. Association was expressed through a pooled odds ratio (OR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI)., Results: A total of 12 studies with 6,163 study participants were included. The pooled prevalence of OIs was 43.97% [95% CI (38.59, 49.34)]. Poor adherence to ART [OR, 5.90, 95% CI (3.05, 11.40)], under nutrition [OR, 3.70, 95% CI (2.01, 6.80)], CD4 T lymphocyte count <200 cells /μL [OR, 3.23 95% CI (2.06, 5.07)], and advanced World Health Organization (WHO) HIV clinical stages [OR, 4.84 95% CI (1.83, 12.82)] were determinants of OIs., Conclusion: The pooled prevalence of OIs among adults taking ART is high. Poor adherence to ART, under nutrition, a CD4 T lymphocyte count <200 cells /μL, and advanced WHO HIV clinical stages were factors associated with the development of OIs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Woldegeorgis, Zekarias, Adem, Obsa and Kerbo.)
Published: 2023
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12. The magnitude of sub-optimal child spacing practices and its associated factors among women of childbearing age in Wolaita zone, Sodo Zuria District, Southern Ethiopia: community based cross-sectional study.

Author: Meskele B, Kerbo AA, Baza D, and Kacharo MM
Subjects: Adult, Female, Humans, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Ethiopia, Breast Feeding, Feeding Behavior
Abstract: Introduction: sub-optimal birth spacing is higher in sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. It can affect the economic, political and social aspects of a given country. Therefore, this study aimed to assess magnitude of sub-optimal child spacing practice and associated factors among childbearing women in Southern Ethiopia., Methods: a community based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2020. A random sampling technique applied to select kebeles, and systematic sampling was employed to recruit study participants. Data were collected by pretested and interviewer administered questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Data cleaned and checked for completeness, and analyzed by SPSS version 23. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered as cutoff point to declare the strength of statistical association with 95% of CI., Results: magnitude of sub-optimal child spacing practice was 61.7% (CI: 57.7: 66.2). Not attending formal education (AOR= 2.1 (95% CI: 1.3, 3.3), family planning utilization for less than 3 years (AOR= 4.0 (95% CI: 2.4,6.5), being poor (AOR= 2.0 (95% CI: 1.1, 4.0), breastfeeding of less than 24 months (AOR= 3.4 (95% CI: 1.6,6.0); having more than 6 children (AOR= 3.1 (95% CI: 1.4,6.7); and waiting time ≥30 minutes (AOR= 1.8 (95% CI: 1.2,5.9) were predictors of sub-optimal birth spacing practices., Conclusion: sub-optimal child spacing was relatively high among the women of Wolaita Sodo Zuria District. Improving utilization of family planning, expanding all inclusive adult education, delivering community based continuous education on optimum breast-feeding practice, involving women in income generating activities, and facilitated maternal services were recommended to fill the identified gap., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright: Biruk Meskele et al.)
Published: 2023
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13. Incidence and predictors of opportunistic infections in adolescents and adults after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy: A 10-year retrospective cohort study in Ethiopia.

Author: Woldegeorgis BZ, Diro CW, Yohannes B, Kerbo AA, and Asgedom YS
Subjects: Humans, Adult, Female, Adolescent, Male, Incidence, Retrospective Studies, Ethiopia epidemiology, HIV, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology, Opportunistic Infections, Malnutrition
Abstract: Background: Opportunistic infections (OIs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). However, there are few robust recent data on the rates of OIs and the risk factors that contribute to their occurrence. Therefore, the current study sought to determine the incidence of OIs and identify predictors among adolescents and adults after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (WSUCSH), Southern Ethiopia., Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was employed. The study population was adolescents and adults who initiated ART between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 537 participants' records. We reviewed the medical records of the sampled individuals from 1 May 2022 to 15 June 2022. KoboCollect version 2021.2.4 and STATA version 14.0 software were used for data collection and analysis, respectively. We calculated the incidence rate per 100 person-years of observation (PYO) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the occurrence of any OIs. The Weibull regression model was fitted after the goodness-of-fit test for the Cox proportional hazard model was deemed inadequate. An adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with 95% CI was used to identify a significant predictor of OIs. The statistical significance was made at a 5% significance level., Results: A total of 515 participants contributed to 1,829 person-years of risk, of whom 164 (31.84%) exhibited at least one OI. The overall incidence rate of OIs was 8.97 cases (95% CI: 7.69, 10.44) per 100 PYO. The independent predictors of OIs were being female [AHR: 1.65 (95% CI (1.15, 2.36), P = 0.007)], individuals classified as World Health Organization (WHO) HIV clinical stage III [AHR: 1.98 (95% CI (1.12, 3.51), P = 0.019)], individuals who did not take cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) [AHR: 2.58 (95% CI (1.62, 4.11), P < 0.001)], mild malnutrition [AHR: 1.62 (95% CI (1.06, 2.54), P = 0.035)], and poor adherence to ART [AHR: 4.21 (95% CI (2.39, 7.44), P < 0.001)]., Conclusion: The rate of OIs after the initiation of ART was still high. Moreover, being female, not taking CPT, poor adherence to ART, mild malnutrition, and advanced HIV disease at presentation were found to increase the hazards of developing OIs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Woldegeorgis, Diro, Yohannes, Kerbo and Asgedom.)
Published: 2022
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14. Compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures among chronic disease patients in Wolaita and Dawuro zones, Southern Ethiopia: A proportional odds model.

Author: Gelgelu TB, Nuriye S, Chichiabellu TY, and Kerbo AA
Subjects: Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ethiopia epidemiology, Soaps, Chronic Disease, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control, Drinking Water
Abstract: Introduction: So far, shreds of evidence have shown that COVID-19 related hospitalization, serious outcomes, and mortality were high among individuals with chronic medical conditions. However, strict compliance with basic public health measures such as hand washing with soap, social distancing, and wearing masks has been recommended and proven effective in preventing transmission of the infection. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and identify its predictors among patients with common chronic diseases in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia by applying the proportional odds model., Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was employed in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia between February and March 2021. Using a systematic random sampling technique, 419 patients with common chronic diseases were recruited. Data were collected using an Open Data Kit and then submitted to the online server. The proportional odds model was employed, and the level of significance was declared at a p-value of less than 0.05., Results: This study revealed that 55.2% (95%CI: 50.4%-59.9%) of the study participants had low compliance levels with COVID-19 preventive measures. The final proportional odds model identified that perceived susceptibility (AOR: 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84, 0.97), cues to action (AOR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.85, 0.94), having access to drinking water piped into the dwelling (AOR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.32, 0.84), having no access to any internet (AOR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.42, 0.92), having no functional refrigerator (AOR: 2.17, 95%CI: 1.26, 3.74), and having poor knowledge (AOR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.98) were the independent predictors of low compliance level with COVID-19 preventive measures., Conclusion: In the study area, more than half of the participants had low compliance levels with COVID-19 preventive measures. Thus, the identified factors should be considered when designing, planning, and implementing new interventional strategies, so as to improve the participants' compliance level., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2022
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15. Utilization of preconception care and associated factors in Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia.

Author: Wegene MA, Gejo NG, Bedecha DY, Kerbo AA, Hagisso SN, and Damtew SA
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ethiopia, Female, Humans, Delivery of Health Care, Family Planning Services, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Preconception Care
Abstract: Introduction: There is substantial body of evidence that portrays gap in the existing maternal and child health continuum of care; one is less attention given to adolescent girls and young women until they get pregnant. Besides, antenatal care is too late to reduce the harmful effects that a woman's may have on the fetus during the critical period of organogenesis. Fortunately, preconception care can fill these gaps, enhance well-being of women and couples and improve subsequent pregnancy and child health outcomes. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to assess preconception care utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of public health facilities in Hosanna town., Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was carried out from July 30, 2020 to August 30, 2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interview among 400 eligible pregnant women through systematic sampling technique. Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 24 was used for data entry and analysis respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify association between dependent and independent variables. Crude and adjusted odds ratio with respective 95% confidence intervals was computed and statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05., Result: This study revealed that 76 (19%, 95% Cl (15.3, 23.2) study participants had utilized preconception care. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy (AOR = 2.45; 95% Cl (1.270, 4.741), previous history of adverse birth outcomes (AOR = 3.15; 95% Cl (1.650, 6.005), poor knowledge on preconception care (AOR = 0.18; 95% Cl (0.084, 0.379) and receiving counseling on preconception care previously (AOR = 2.82; 95% Cl (1.221, 6.493) were significantly associated with preconception care utilization., Conclusions: The present study revealed that nearly one-fifth of pregnant women have utilized preconception care services. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy, previous history of adverse birth outcomes, poor knowledge on preconception care and receiving counseling on preconception care previously were significantly associated with preconception care utilization. Integrating preconception care services with other maternal neonatal child health, improving women's/couples knowledge & strengthening counseling services is pivotal., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2022
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16. Adolescents' nutritional status and its association with academic performance in South Ethiopia; a facility-based cross-sectional study.

Author: Katiso SW, Kerbo AA, and Dake SK
Abstract: Background: Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable stages of life in which malnutrition inhibits academic performance through poor growth and development, mental retardation, poor overall cognitive function and poor health status. However, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the association between nutritional status and academic performance among adolescent students. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association of nutritional status and academic performance among adolescent secondary school students in Wolaita Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia., Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 670 systematically selected adolescents in secondary schools of Wolaita Sodo town from April to June 2019. The academic performance of the adolescents was measured using the mean mark score of two consecutive semesters' results of all subjects. Data were analyzed using Stata software Version 15. Descriptive statistics, binary and multiple linear regression analysis were done. Statistical association of dependent and independent variables was declared at p-value < 0.05., Results: The mean academic performance of students was 69.21 ± 0.42 (95% CI: 68.34-70.02%). A mean mark score of students increased by 1.89 (β = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.14, 2.64) for a unit increase in BMI for age z-score. Being female decreased a mean mark score by 2.63 (β = - 2.63; 95%CI: - 4.28, - 0.98) and being from a separated parents decreased by 4.73 (β = - 4. 73; 95%CI: - 6.73, - 2.74). A mean mark score of students from the first wealth class decreased by 9.92 (- 9.92; 95%CI: - 12.79, - 7.04) as compared to students from the highest wealth class. Attending private schools increased the mean mark score of students by 4.18 (β = 4.18; 95% CI: 2.46, 5.90)., Conclusions: Interventions targeted at adolescents' nutritional status should be designed and implemented. The town education office and concerned bodies should launch a school feeding program for public schools. Development and income generation activities should target households in the first wealth status. Schools are recommended to design additional teaching and learning schemes such as tutorial classes for girl students.
Published: 2021
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17. Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Adolescent Girls in Damot Sore District, Southern Ethiopia.

Author: Gagebo DD, Kerbo AA, and Thangavel T
Abstract: Background: Adolescent girls were given little health and nutrition attention. Focusing on adolescent girls' nutrition prior to conception is one way to break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among adolescent girls in rural Damot Sore District, Southern Ethiopia., Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2017. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 729 adolescent girls. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on different variables. Weight and height were measured by using a well-calibrated digital Seca scale and portable stadiometer by trained data collectors. Height-for-age (HFA) and body mass index-for-age (BMIFA) z -scores were calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software as indicators of stunting and thinness, respectively. Wealth index was generated by using principal component analysis (PCA), and based on the results, household wealth index/status was converted into tertiles and categorized as higher/rich, medium, and lower/poor. Descriptive statistics, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done. Strength of association of variables was presented by odds ratio along with its 95% CI., Results: The prevalence of stunting and thinness among adolescent girls was 29.6% (95% CI = 26.6%, 32.8%) and 19.5% (95% CI = 16.7%, 22.3%), respectively. Being in older adolescence (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.08, 3.92), mother occupation (farmer and government employee) ((AOR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.31, 4.33) and (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.35, 6.92)), mother education (secondary and above) ((AOR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.28, 0.98) and (AOR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.09, 0.69)), and household wealth index (poor) (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.29, 2.92) were significantly associated with stunting. Father education (primary and secondary) ((AOR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.31, 0.77) and (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.26, 0.78)), mother education (primary) (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.37, 0.87), and meal frequency (<2/day) (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.12, 3.13) were significantly associated with thinness., Conclusion: The prevalence of stunting and thinness among adolescent girls was moderate, when compared to the prevalence reported in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, it was a major public health problem, when compared to the national nutrition baseline survey reports in Ethiopia. Parental education was a significant predictor of both stunting and thinness among adolescent girls. Thus, initiation of routine screening, promotion of education, and implementation of evidence based community nutrition programmes required to be improved., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Degu Demissie Gagebo et al.)
Published: 2020
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18. Predictors of Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Food Handlers Working in Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Author: Kuti KA, Nur RA, Donka GM, Kerbo AA, and Roba AE
Abstract: Background: Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the major health problems globally. It is more common in developing countries including Ethiopia. So, adequate evidence is needed regarding the predictors of intestinal parasitic infection. This study was aimed at determining the predictors of intestinal parasitic infection among food handlers working in Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia., Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 May to 10 June 2017 among 198 symptom-free food handlers. Data on sociodemographic variables were collected through face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were collected immediately after the interview using labeled wide-mouthed plastic container and clean wooden applicator. Direct wet-mount method and formal-ether concentration techniques were performed to identify intestinal parasites. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics and crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. p value of <0.05 was considered to declaration level of significance., Result: The response rate was 98% (198/202). The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 25.3% (50/198). The top three intestinal parasites found in this study were Ascaris lumbricoides 7.6% (15/198), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 7.6% (15/198), and hookworm 5.6% (11/198). Inadequate handwashing practice (AOR: 13.876; 95% CI: 4.129, 46.632), inadequate knowledge about foodborne diseases (AOR: 3.596; 95% CI: 1.438, 8.989), lack of training on proper food handling (AOR: 5.960; 95% CI: 1.450, 24.497), and untrimmed fingernail (AOR: 2.939; 95% CI: 1.368, 6.135) were independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infection., Conclusion: High prevalence of intestinal parasites was observed among symptom-free food handlers who could be unobservable source of disease transmission. Inadequate handwashing, untrimmed fingernail, inadequate knowledge, and lack of training were independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infection in this study. This implies the need for timely and adequate training and enforcement of regular medical checkup system for food handlers., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Kemal Ahmed Kuti et al.)
Published: 2020
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18 results on '"Kerbo, AA"'

1. Exploring Barriers to Accessing Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in South Ethiopia Regional State: A Phenomenological Study Using Levesque’s Framework

2. Socio-Ecological Analysis of Barriers to Access and Utilization of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Qualitative Systematic Review

3. The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

4. Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

5. Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for 29 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

6. Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

7. Exploring preferences to accessing sexual and reproductive health services: A qualitative study of adolescents' and service provider perspectives.

8. Factors associated with perceived social support among adolescents in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.

9. Analysis of food security among eucalyptus tree farming smallholder farmers in Gurage Zone, Ethiopia: An application of a composite food security indicator.

10. A systematic review and meta-analysis of antimicrobial resistance knowledge, attitudes, and practices: Current evidence to build a strong national antimicrobial drug resistance narrative in Ethiopia.

11. Prevalence and determinants of opportunistic infections among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

12. The magnitude of sub-optimal child spacing practices and its associated factors among women of childbearing age in Wolaita zone, Sodo Zuria District, Southern Ethiopia: community based cross-sectional study.

13. Incidence and predictors of opportunistic infections in adolescents and adults after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy: A 10-year retrospective cohort study in Ethiopia.

14. Compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures among chronic disease patients in Wolaita and Dawuro zones, Southern Ethiopia: A proportional odds model.

15. Utilization of preconception care and associated factors in Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia.

16. Adolescents' nutritional status and its association with academic performance in South Ethiopia; a facility-based cross-sectional study.

17. Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Adolescent Girls in Damot Sore District, Southern Ethiopia.

18. Predictors of Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Food Handlers Working in Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

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