147 results on '"Keratitis, Dendritic etiology"'
Search Results
2. Richner-Hanhart syndrome (tyrosinemia type II).
- Author
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Locatelli F, Puzenat E, Arnoux JB, Blanc D, and Aubin F
- Subjects
- Child Development, Female, Humans, Infant, Mutation, Patient Care Management methods, Treatment Outcome, Diet Therapy methods, Keratitis, Dendritic diagnosis, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoderma, Palmoplantar diagnosis, Keratoderma, Palmoplantar etiology, Tyrosine blood, Tyrosine Transaminase deficiency, Tyrosine Transaminase genetics, Tyrosinemias blood, Tyrosinemias diagnosis, Tyrosinemias genetics
- Published
- 2017
3. Pseudodendritic keratitis in children.
- Author
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Tinley C, Zaborowski A, and Quinn A
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Child, Drug Therapy, Combination, Erythromycin therapeutic use, Female, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Meibomian Glands physiopathology, Prednisolone therapeutic use, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Pseudodentritic keratitis associated with meibomitis in young healthy males.
- Author
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Jain V, Sridhar MS, Vaddavalli PK, and Sangwan V
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Contact Lenses, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic therapy, Male, Retrospective Studies, Blepharitis complications, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Meibomian Glands physiopathology
- Abstract
Purpose: To report unusual corneal manifestations of pseudodendritic keratitis in cases of coexisting meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)., Methods: Retrospective chart review of five cases of MGD with associated atypical corneal lesions was carried out. Information including patient's age, symptoms and their duration, clinical features, methods of diagnosis, treatment, and outcome were abstracted from the medical records. Pseudodendritic keratitis and MGD was defined before the data collection., Results: All five patients were males within the age range of 6-24 years. Common symptoms were irritation and watering. MGD, which was defined as stenosis of meibomian gland orifices and/or turbid meibomian secretions, was seen in all the patients. Corneal lesions were epithelial, raised and dendritic in morphology. Blood investigations carried out to rule out tyrosinemia in three of the patients were negative. Bandage contact lens facilitated disappearance of these lesions in five eyes., Conclusions: Corneal involvement in the form of pseudodendritic keratitis may be associated with MGD. Application of bandage contact lens facilitated prompt resolution, suggesting mechanical factor with or without other etiological factors may be at interplay in producing these innocuous corneal lesions.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Herpes simplex keratitis after cataract surgery.
- Author
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Barequet IS and Wasserzug Y
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Aged, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Female, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Lens Implantation, Intraocular adverse effects, Male, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Phacoemulsification adverse effects
- Abstract
Purpose: Herpetic keratitis is a rare complication of cataract surgery. We describe 3 cases of herpes simplex keratitis after cataract surgery in eyes with no clinical history of this disease., Methods: Three patients underwent uneventful phacoemulsification of cataract with intraocular lens implantation. All were treated postoperatively with topical steroids. On subsequent development of corneal dendritic epithelial lesions in the operated eyes, the corticosteroids were replaced by treatment with topical acyclovir., Results: The first postoperative day was uneventful. Corneal dendritic epithelial lesions were observed 1-5 weeks postoperatively and healed without sequelae after topical acyclovir treatment., Conclusions: In view of the surgical trauma along with the topical corticosteroid treatment commonly prescribed after cataract surgery, physicians should be aware of the possible development of herpetic epithelial keratitis even in patients with no clinical history of this disease.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Unusual dendritic keratitis.
- Author
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Gokhale NS, Dherai AJ, Desai H, and Ashavaid TF
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Infant, Keratitis, Dendritic diagnosis, Keratitis, Dendritic pathology, Keratitis, Dendritic physiopathology, Tyrosinemias diagnosis, Tyrosinemias diet therapy, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Tyrosinemias complications
- Abstract
Bilateral pseudo-dendritic keratitis in infancy can be due to tyrosinemia, a rare metabolic disorder. Ocular involvement may be the earliest presenting manifestation of this disease. Early diagnosis is essential because dietary modifications can result in complete reversal of the manifestations of this disorder. This disease must be suspected in all cases of non-responsive dendritic keratitis in the pediatric age group, especially if it is associated with cutaneous lesions such as patmoplantar keratosis. Serum tyrosine levels must be done in these cases.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. New onset of herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis after penetrating keratoplasty.
- Author
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Rezende RA, Uchoa UB, Raber IM, Rapuano CJ, Laibson PR, and Cohen EJ
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Administration, Oral, Administration, Topical, Adult, Aged, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Corneal Diseases surgery, Epithelial Cells pathology, Epithelial Cells virology, Epithelium, Corneal pathology, Female, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic diagnosis, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Trifluridine therapeutic use, Epithelium, Corneal virology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoplasty, Penetrating adverse effects
- Abstract
Purpose: To report a series of patients with no previous history of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection who had new onset of herpetic keratitis after penetrating keratoplasty (PK)., Design: Noncontrolled, retrospective case series., Methods: We included in the study the patients who had new onset of herpetic keratitis after penetrating keratoplasty for corneal diseases unrelated to HSV infection who were seen at the Cornea Service at Wills Eye Hospital (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) from January 1996 to December 2002. The diagnosis of HSV epithelial keratitis was based on clinical characteristics of either a classic herpetic dendrite, a geographic ulcer, or a nonhealing epithelial defect that responded only to antiviral therapy., Results: Fourteen patients were included in the study. Eight of these (57%) had presented with a geographic ulcer whereas six patients (43%) had a classic dendrite. The most common primary corneal disease that led to PK was pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (36%), followed by keratoconus (29%), Fuchs dystrophy (21%), and corneal scar unrelated to HSV (14%)., Conclusions: The ophthalmologist should be aware of the possibility of herpetic keratitis in eyes after PK, even in patients with no previous history of HSV infection.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Acanthamoeba keratitis presenting as dendritic keratitis in a soft contact lens wearer.
- Author
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Yeung EY, Huang SC, and Tsai RJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Visual Acuity, Acanthamoeba Keratitis etiology, Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic adverse effects, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Abstract
Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare cause of corneal infection in Taiwan, which can result in devastating visual outcomes. A 37-year-old woman, who wore soft contact lenses, suffered from severe pain in her left eye. Biomicroscopy revealed dendritic keratitis, radial keratoneuritis, and fine keratic precipitates on her cornea. Culture, using non-nutrient agar plate seeded with Escherichia coli, resulted in heavy growth of Acanthamoeba. The inpatient treatment, including topical neomycin-polymyxin B and metronidazole (0.5%) eyedrops, oral ketoconazole, and then oral prednisolone, successfully controlled the corneal infection. The best-corrected visual acuity was 0.9 without any evidence of recurrence of infection after 21 months of follow up. Acanthamoeba keratitis can present as dendritic keratitis, which mimics herpes simplex infection, thus, delays appropriate treatment. Early diagnosis and judicious treatment are essential for restoring the vision and avoiding the subsequent need of penetrating keratoplasty.
- Published
- 2002
9. Risk factors for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis recurring during treatment of stromal keratitis or iridocyclitis. Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group.
- Author
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Wilhelmus KR, Dawson CR, Barron BA, Bacchetti P, Gee L, Jones DB, Kaufman HE, Sugar J, Hyndiuk RA, Laibson PR, Stulting RD, and Asbell PA
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Iridocyclitis virology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratitis, Herpetic pathology, Male, Prednisolone therapeutic use, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Trifluridine adverse effects, Trifluridine therapeutic use, Endothelium, Corneal virology, Iridocyclitis drug therapy, Keratitis, Herpetic drug therapy
- Abstract
Aims: Possible risk factors were evaluated for herpes simplex virus (HSV) epithelial keratitis in patients with stromal keratouveitis., Methods: The study population included 260 patients who had active stromal keratitis and/or iridocyclitis without epithelial disease and who were enrolled in one of three clinical trials of the Herpetic Eye Disease Study. Study treatment involved a 10 week course of topical placebo, topical prednisolone phosphate, or topical prednisolone phosphate with oral acyclovir. All groups received topical trifluridine four times daily for 3 weeks then twice daily for another 7 weeks. Patients were examined for HSV epithelial keratitis for 16 weeks., Results: Dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis occurred in 12 (4.6%) study patients. Adverse effects attributable to trifluridine prophylaxis were acute allergic blepharoconjunctivitis in 10 (3.8%) study patients and corneal epithelial erosions in 11 (4.2%) study patients. No significant difference in the occurrence of HSV epithelial keratitis was found among the study treatment groups: one (2.0%) of 49 topical placebo treated patients, nine (6.5%) of 138 patients treated with topical corticosteroids without acyclovir, and two (2.7%) of 73 patients treated with topical corticosteroids and oral acyclovir. Univariate exponential models suggested that patients with a history of previous HSV epithelial keratitis and non-white patients were more likely to develop HSV epithelial keratitis during treatment of stromal keratouveitis., Conclusion: Individuals with prior HSV epithelial keratitis and certain ethnic groups may have a higher rate of recurrent epithelial keratitis during the acute treatment of HSV stromal keratouveitis.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
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10. [Vision disorders in inflammatory-rheumatic diseases].
- Author
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Bernauer W
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca etiology, Male, Optic Nerve Diseases etiology, Retinal Diseases etiology, Scleritis etiology, Uveitis etiology, Rheumatic Diseases complications, Vision Disorders etiology
- Abstract
The association of visual disturbances and rheumatic disease has been known for centuries. This review provides a synopsis of the ocular conditions that are associated with inflammatory rheumatic disease. The major ophthalmic manifestations of the rheumatic diseases include keratoconjunctivitis sicca, ulcerative keratitis, scleritis, uveitis, retinal vascular disease, and neuro-ophthalmic lesions. Each of these ocular conditions is most characteristically associated with a few, but not all, of the rheumatic disorders. Scleritis, for example, is most often seen with rheumatoid arthritis or with vasculitis. Acute anterior uveitis is most often seen with the seronegative spondylarthropathies. Retinal vascular and neuro-ophthalmic lesions are seen with disorders having either a vaso-occlusive component, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, or with one of the vasculitides. Important considerations for a successful collaboration between ophthalmologists and physicians/rheumatologists are discussed.
- Published
- 1996
11. Recurrence rate of herpetic uveitis in patients on long-term oral acyclovir.
- Author
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Rodriguez A, Power WJ, Neves RA, and Foster CS
- Subjects
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome complications, Administration, Oral, Adult, Aged, Atrophy, Female, Humans, Iridocyclitis virology, Iris pathology, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Keratitis, Dendritic physiopathology, Keratitis, Herpetic drug therapy, Keratitis, Herpetic physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome, Uveitis physiopathology, Visual Acuity, Acyclovir therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratitis, Herpetic etiology, Uveitis virology
- Abstract
We examined the recurrence rate of herpetic uveitis (HU) in 13 patients (group A) treated prophylactically with long-term systemic acyclovir (600-800 mg/day) and compared it with that of 7 patients with no prophylactic therapy (group B). HU was diagnosed on the basis of a history of dendritic or disciform keratitis accompanied by iridocyclitis and iris atrophy. The study population consisted of 12 men and 8 women with a mean age at onset of uveitis of 52.9 years (range 19-78 years). All patients were followed for at least 8 months. The mean follow-up time of patients on long-term oral acyclovir was 26.0 months. In this group, only one patient experienced a single recurrent episode of uveitis while on 600-800 mg/day of acyclovir therapy; two additional patients had recurrence of HU within 16.2 months after the acyclovir dose was tapered below 600 mg/day. In striking contrast, 16 recurrences occurred in the 7 patients of group B (p < 0.05). Of these, the initial recurrence occurred within an average of 4.3 months following cessation of therapy. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the mean recurrence-free interval between patients in group A (24.6 months) and those in group B (3.4 months). Herpetic uveitis is a serious ocular disease in which recurrence of inflammation results in severe ocular complications. The long-term use of oral acyclovir may be of benefit in the prevention of recurrences, and hence may reduce the blinding complications of this disease. Efforts at completing a randomized, placebo-controlled trial on this matter by the Herpes Epithelial Disease Study Group were unsuccessful due to insufficient patient recruitment.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. [Ocular herpetic dendritic ulcer in a patient wearing soft contact lenses].
- Subjects
- Adult, Contraindications, Female, Humans, Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic adverse effects, Corneal Ulcer etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratitis, Herpetic etiology
- Published
- 1993
13. Herpes simplex dendritic keratitis after keratoplasty.
- Author
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Beyer CF, Hill JM, Byrd TJ, and Kaufman HE
- Subjects
- Humans, Simplexvirus growth & development, Virus Activation, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoplasty, Penetrating adverse effects
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. [Recurrent herpetic keratitis in mice].
- Author
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Mitsui K
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Viral analysis, Disease Models, Animal, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Recurrence, Simplexvirus immunology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Abstract
In order to investigate the mechanism of recurrence in herpes simplex keratitis, it is very important to establish an animal model. As a first step, mice were examined with the slit-lamp biomicroscope to determine whether they spontaneously showed recurrent epithelial keratitis after healing of primary herpetic keratitis. Among 90 eyes of 45 inbred C57BL/6 mice, recurrent epithelial keratitis stained with fluorescein was observed in 10 eyes of 9 mice during the observation period up to 50 days after the primary corneal infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I Amakata strain (virulent strain). Recurrent epithelial keratitis was observed in 17 eyes of 15 mice among 116 eyes of 58 ddy mice infected with HSV-I Ska strain (avirulent strain). The epithelial lesions showed punctate or dendritic patterns and continued for one to 7 days. HSV antigen was detected by the fluorescent antibody technique in the cornea of 5 out of 8 eyes which showed recurrent epithelial keratitis using another ddy mice group tested. It was limited in the epithelium of the cornea. These results show that mice herpetic keratitis recurs spontaneously.
- Published
- 1991
15. Herpes simplex dendritic keratitis after keratoplasty.
- Author
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Mannis MJ, Plotnik RD, Schwab IR, and Newton RD
- Subjects
- Administration, Topical, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Aged, Cornea microbiology, Diagnosis, Differential, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Keratitis, Dendritic microbiology, Male, Middle Aged, Simplexvirus isolation & purification, Trifluridine therapeutic use, Visual Acuity, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoplasty, Penetrating adverse effects
- Abstract
We treated three patients with herpes simplex dendritic keratitis that occurred between three and 11 months after keratoplasty. The patients had no history of herpetic infection. The eyes of two of the patients were grafted for corneal scarring of undetermined origin. The eye of the third patient was grafted for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. At the time of onset of dendritic keratitis, all three patients were receiving either maintenance or higher doses of topical corticosteroids. All infections responded to topical antiviral treatment. The findings in these patients illustrate the importance of considering herpes simplex keratitis in the differential diagnosis of all late-onset epithelial defects in the corneal graft, even in the absence of a history of herpes simplex keratitis.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
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16. Herpes simplex keratitis in renal transplant patients.
- Author
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Kremer I, Wagner A, Shmuel D, Yussim A, and Shapira Z
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Adult, Humans, Immunosuppression Therapy adverse effects, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Retrospective Studies, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Kidney Transplantation, Postoperative Complications etiology
- Abstract
Five out of 430 patients (1.16%) undergoing kidney transplantation developed an atypical clinical picture of herpetic dendritic keratitis within four weeks after surgery. It was manifested by multiple dendrites, located mainly in the corneal periphery or the limbus, developing in relatively uninflamed eyes. The response to acyclovir therapy was prolonged and took at least three weeks. Additionally, subepithelial infiltrates with ultimate scarring developed in all patients. Disciform keratopathy was not found. This clinical course is ascribed to the patients' immunosuppressed state.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
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17. The development of corneal edema in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected rabbits following termination of therapy for corneal stromal disease.
- Author
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O'Brien WJ and Taylor JL
- Subjects
- Animals, Drug Therapy, Combination, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Male, Rabbits, Recurrence, Simplexvirus, Corneal Edema etiology, Corneal Stroma drug effects, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Trifluridine therapeutic use
- Abstract
One complication of combined antiviral/corticosteroid therapy for herpetic stromal disease in patients is rebound of disease upon termination of therapy. To develop a model of steroid rebound, rabbits were injected intrastromally with 10(3) pfu of HSV-1 (RE strain). Therapy with 1% trifluorothymidine (F3TdR) alone or in combination with immunosuppressive agents was initiated 7 days post-infection, at a time when epithelial disease had reached its peak and corneal thickness had begun to increase. Therapy was continued 5 times daily through day 18 post-infection. Following cessation of therapy 13 of 16 eyes receiving both 1% F3TdR and 0.125% prednisolone acetate experienced rebound of disease characterized by an increase in corneal thickness from 514 +/- 106 microns to 743 +/- 189 microns, reaching a maximum at 27 +/- 3 days post-infection. Rabbits receiving therapy with either phosphate buffered saline or F3TdR alone displayed rebound in 2 and 3 of 12 eyes, respectively. Rabbits receiving F3TdR combined with either cyclosporine or deoxycoformycin experienced rebound of disease in 9 of 20 and 6 of 16 eyes, respectively. Cultures of eye washings taken from eyes at the time of rebound were negative in all cases. The data indicate that only steroids significantly increased the proportion of eyes with rebounding stromal disease and corneal edema. These studies document steroid rebound of stromal disease in an animal model.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
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18. The coincidence of HSV-1 ocular cultures with HSV-1 corneal epithelial defects in rabbits after experimental penetrating keratoplasty.
- Author
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Portnoy SL, Beyer CF, Hill JM, and Kaufman HE
- Subjects
- Animals, Dexamethasone pharmacology, Epithelium, Keratitis, Dendritic diagnosis, Rabbits, Tears microbiology, Transplantation, Autologous, Virus Activation drug effects, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoplasty, Penetrating adverse effects, Simplexvirus isolation & purification
- Abstract
Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in conjunction with postoperative corticosteroids may reactivate latent herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to cause persistent postoperative epithelial defects. The clinical diagnosis of HSV keratitis after penetrating keratoplasty is difficult because the postoperative appearance may be nondendritic and, therefore, not characteristic of HSV-1 infection. Presently, the most reliable method to diagnose HSV-1 under these conditions is to culture eyes for the presence of HSV-1. To determine the coincidence of positive HSV-1 ocular cultures with HSV-1 epithelial defects, 15 rabbits (20 eyes) latently infected with HSV-1 underwent autograft PKP with postoperative corticosteroids. Daily ocular cultures and slit-lamp examinations were performed on postoperative days 1-8 and 10. Viral shedding occurred in 15 of 19 (79.0%) of the eyes postoperatively. Superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) was observed in 19 of 19 (100%) of the eyes and coincided with positive HSV-1 cultures 24% of the time. Dendritic lesions were observed in three of 19 (15.8%) of the eyes; the dendrites coincided with positive HSV-1 cultures 60% of the time. Finally, epithelial ulcers were seen in eleven of 19 (57.9%) of the eyes, thus coinciding with HSV-1 positive cultures 29% of the time. The greatest coincidence of positive HSV-1 cultures with nondendritic epithelial lesions occurred on postoperative day number 4. The results suggest that an epithelial lesion following PKP and postoperative corticosteroids could represent HSV infection, even if a single HSV ocular culture is negative.
- Published
- 1991
19. Ocular ulcerative herpes following measles in Kinshasa, Zaire.
- Author
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Ukety TO and Maertens K
- Subjects
- Blepharitis etiology, Democratic Republic of the Congo epidemiology, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Measles epidemiology, Corneal Ulcer etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Measles complications
- Abstract
Eight cases of ocular ulcerative herpes following measles are reported. The clinical features are characterized by dendritic corneal ulcer (6 cases) and ulcero-erosive blepharitis associated with corneal ulcer (2 cases). Bacteriologic examination disclosed Pseudomonas aeruginosas in 2 cases. The serum level of retinol, RBP, prealbumin and albumin were generally diminished in cases of dendritic corneal ulcer. These data are discussed in relation to the onset and severity of ocular ulcerative herpes associated with measles.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
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20. Chronic ocular zoster.
- Author
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Zaal MJ, Maudgal PC, Rietveld E, and Suir EP
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Bromodeoxyuridine analogs & derivatives, Bromodeoxyuridine therapeutic use, Chronic Disease, Conjunctivitis drug therapy, Conjunctivitis etiology, Drug Administration Routes, Female, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Scleritis drug therapy, Scleritis etiology, Skin Diseases drug therapy, Skin Diseases etiology, Uveitis, Anterior drug therapy, Uveitis, Anterior etiology, Acyclovir therapeutic use, Dexamethasone therapeutic use, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus drug therapy
- Abstract
In a prospective open trial 40 patients suffering from acute herpes zoster ophthalmicus were treated with systemic acyclovir. An additional 10 patients were treated by topical acyclovir alone and dexamethasone eye-drops were administered to 5 of them to suppress ocular inflammation. In the topical treatment group the period of new skin lesion formation and progression of ocular inflammatory signs were significantly prolonged. Therapy with systemic acyclovir however resulted in a quick and complete resolution of ocular inflammation in all patients. Chronic ocular inflammation developed in 4 out of 10 patients treated with topical acyclovir. We consider chronic ocular zoster as a distinct clinical entity, possibly expressing a failing local immune response against VZV.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
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21. Pathogenesis of corneal oedema associated with herpetic eye disease.
- Author
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O'Brien WJ, Guy J, and Taylor JL
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Viral analysis, Cell Count, Cornea ultrastructure, Corneal Edema pathology, Endothelium, Corneal immunology, Endothelium, Corneal ultrastructure, Keratitis, Dendritic pathology, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Rabbits, Simplexvirus immunology, Time Factors, Corneal Edema complications, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Abstract
Corneal oedema and stromal disease, induced in rabbits by intrastromal injection of herpes simplex virus, type 1, strain RE (HSV-1, RE), reached a peak of 12-15 days after infection. Corneal oedema as measured by ultrasonic pachymetry, and stromal disease as measured by a subjective scoring system, were closely related for 30 days after infection. Morphometric analysis of wide field specular micrographs showed that no immediate endothelial cell damage occurred in either control or HSV-1 infected corneas. Alizarin red S staining of corneas taken during the period of most severe oedema indicated no significant endothelial cell loss; however, visual inspection indicated numerous staining abnormalities. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy provided evidence of an intact endothelial layer possessing integrated infiltrating cells. Virus antigen could not be detected on endothelial cells by immunoperoxidase staining at any time during development of corneal oedema. The results indicate that corneal oedema associated with HSV-1 induced disease can occur in the absence of detectable virus replication and cytolysis of corneal endothelial cells.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
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22. Epstein-Barr virus keratitis after a chemical facial peel.
- Author
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Pflugfelder SC, Huang A, and Crouse C
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Aged, Antigens, Viral blood, Cornea microbiology, DNA, Viral analysis, Female, Herpesviridae Infections drug therapy, Herpesvirus 4, Human drug effects, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Keratitis, Dendritic microbiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Visual Acuity, Chemexfoliation adverse effects, Herpesviridae Infections etiology, Herpesvirus 4, Human isolation & purification, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Treatment of ocular disease in eczema herpeticum.
- Author
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Margolis TP and Ostler HB
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Administration, Topical, Adolescent, Adult, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption pathology, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Keratitis, Dendritic pathology, Keratoconjunctivitis drug therapy, Keratoconjunctivitis pathology, Male, Trifluridine therapeutic use, Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption complications, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoconjunctivitis etiology
- Abstract
Individuals with atopic dermatitis are particularly susceptible to herpes simplex viral infection and may develop dissemination (eczema herpeticum). Additionally, they may develop severe and bilateral herpetic ocular disease. The keratitis is commonly complicated by stromal scarring and slow epithelial healing despite topical antiviral therapy. We treated three patients who had herpetic keratoconjunctivitis associated with eczema herpeticum. In all three cases the keratitis resolved promptly (48 to 72 hours) without residual scarring after treatment with systemic acyclovir and topical trifluridine. The combined use of systemic acyclovir and topical trifluridine may be of similar value in treating all cases of atopic herpetic keratitis.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
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24. Expression of MHC class II antigens and immunoglobulin M by the corneal epithelial cells in herpetic keratitis.
- Author
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Abu el-Asrar AM, Geboes K, Missotten L, Emarah MH, and Desmet V
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Monoclonal, B-Lymphocytes immunology, Cornea cytology, Epithelium immunology, Female, HLA-DR Antigens immunology, Humans, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Langerhans Cells immunology, Male, Middle Aged, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer immunology, Cornea immunology, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II immunology, Immunoglobulin M immunology, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology
- Abstract
The corneal buttons obtained from 4 patients with active epithelial and stromal herpetic keratitis were studied with routine microscopy and immunohistochemistry. We used an immunoperoxidase technique with monoclonal antibodies directed against Langerhans cells, lymphocyte subsets, MHC products and immunoglobulins A, G, M and D. The epithelium and stroma contained an inflammatory infiltrate composed of polymorpho-nuclear leukocytes, dendritic cells, B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes (helper/inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic subsets). The epithelial cells of all the corneal buttons expressed MHC class II antigens. IgM was bound to the membrane of the epithelial cells in 3 specimens. HSV antigenic material was localized in the epithelial cells and in the stromal keratocytes by a direct immunofluorescence technique. Our data suggest that cell-mediated as well as antibody-mediated immune responses are involved, with a possible role for an autoimmune mechanism in the pathogenesis of this condition.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. [In vitro sensitivity to antiviral agents of herpes simplex viruses isolated from patients with herpetic keratitis].
- Author
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Mori Y, Inoue Y, Shimomura Y, and Manabe R
- Subjects
- Adult, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Female, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Male, Simplexvirus isolation & purification, Acyclovir pharmacology, Idoxuridine pharmacology, Keratitis, Dendritic microbiology, Simplexvirus drug effects
- Abstract
Thirty-five clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) from 34 patients (35 eyes) with herpetic keratitis were examined in vitro for 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU) and acyclovir (ACV) sensitivity. In addition, the effect of clinical treatment with these two drugs in herpetic keratitis was also investigated. The viral effective dose50 (ED50) was defined as the concentration that inhibited the plaque count by 50% compared to the count of the no drug controls. The viral ED50 of IDU ranged from 0.073 to 0.77 micrograms/ml (0.33 +/- 0.16; Mean +/- SD) and that of ACV from 0.0032 to 0.33 micrograms/ml (0.13 +/- 0.11). No virus with markedly diminished sensitivity to IDU and ACV was found. These results suggest that all HSV-1 strains isolated from patients have good sensitivity in vitro to antiviral agents.
- Published
- 1990
26. Herpes simplex virus and persistent epithelial defects after penetrating keratoplasty.
- Author
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Beyer CF, Byrd TJ, Hill JM, and Kaufman HE
- Subjects
- Aged, Epithelium microbiology, Humans, Male, Reoperation, Simplexvirus growth & development, Simplexvirus isolation & purification, Virus Activation, Corneal Transplantation adverse effects, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Microbial keratitis after penetrating keratoplasty.
- Author
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Bates AK, Kirkness CM, Ficker LA, Steele AD, and Rice NS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chloramphenicol therapeutic use, Female, Graft Rejection, Humans, Keratitis prevention & control, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumococcal Infections complications, Prednisolone therapeutic use, Premedication, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Staphylococcal Infections complications, Sutures, Keratitis etiology, Keratoplasty, Penetrating adverse effects, Postoperative Complications etiology
- Abstract
Thirty cases of microbial keratitis after penetrating keratoplasty were reviewed to examine the associated risk factors, the spectrum of pathogens and the prognosis for graft survival and visual outcome. The indications for keratoplasty in this group differed markedly from those for all corneal grafts performed with a much higher incidence of previous microbial keratitis and of herpes simplex keratitis. A positive culture was obtained in 93% of cases and in contrast to microbial keratitis overall, Gram positive organisms predominated particularly streptococcus pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. Risk factors identified were loose or broken sutures, graft decompensation and a poor ocular surface environment. There was a poor prognosis for graft survival with only 23% of cases retaining a clear graft. Overall 53% of cases were regrafted.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Herpetic corneal ulcer following radial keratotomy.
- Author
-
Santos CR
- Subjects
- Adult, Dexamethasone administration & dosage, Female, Gentamicins administration & dosage, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Menstruation, Ophthalmic Solutions, Surgical Wound Infection drug therapy, Trifluridine administration & dosage, Tropicamide administration & dosage, Wound Healing drug effects, Cornea surgery, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Myopia surgery, Surgical Wound Infection etiology
- Abstract
This is a report of a 30-year-old woman who had a herpetic corneal ulcer following radial keratotomy. Clinical applications of the results of this case reveal the following questions. (1) Can antiviral metabolites be used to prevent corneal scars, especially in the visual axis? (2) Should radial keratotomy be avoided during the vulnerable menstrual cycle period of females to prevent possible triggering of a herpetic ulcer regardless of previous herpes history?
- Published
- 1983
29. [Etiological role of viruses in eye diseases].
- Author
-
Belogubko EI
- Subjects
- Conjunctivitis etiology, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoconjunctivitis etiology, Eye Diseases etiology, Virus Diseases etiology
- Published
- 1981
30. [Pathogenetic forms and bases of therapy of ophthalmic herpes in patients with various immunity disorders].
- Author
-
Zaĭtseva NS
- Subjects
- Autoimmune Diseases immunology, Autoimmune Diseases therapy, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Innate, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology, Keratitis, Dendritic therapy, Recurrence, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Published
- 1981
31. Steroids' effects on the infectious corneal ulcer.
- Author
-
Garber JM
- Subjects
- Bacterial Infections microbiology, Corneal Ulcer microbiology, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Mitosporic Fungi, Mycoses microbiology, Bacterial Infections etiology, Corneal Ulcer etiology, Glucocorticoids adverse effects
- Abstract
Since the introduction of corticosteroids into the ophthalmic field, the side effects of steroids in inducing cataracts and glaucoma have been well discussed. This drug family has also changed the etiology and invasiveness of corneal ulcers and has been responsible for many cases of corneal complications. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the clinical manifestations of infectious corneal ulcers and the effects that steroids have on their etiology, course and prognosis.
- Published
- 1980
32. [Lipid peroxidation changes in structures of the eye as 1 of the pathogenetic factors in the course of ophthalmic herpes].
- Author
-
Gundorova RA, Dalgat LD, Romashchenko AD, and Maĭchuk IuF
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Luminescent Measurements, Malondialdehyde metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, Rabbits, Eye metabolism, Keratitis, Dendritic metabolism, Lipid Peroxides metabolism
- Published
- 1981
33. [Role of a mixed herpes-viral and tubercular allergy in the pathogenesis of ophthalmic herpes].
- Author
-
Slepova OS and Murav'eva TV
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antigens, Viral immunology, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Hypersensitivity immunology, Immunization, Keratitis immunology, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology, Lymphocyte Activation, Middle Aged, Uveitis immunology, Hypersensitivity complications, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Simplexvirus immunology, Tuberculin immunology
- Published
- 1981
34. Microbial factors in contact lens fitting.
- Author
-
Barre ME and Cook ML
- Subjects
- Acinetobacter Infections etiology, Chlamydia Infections etiology, Corneal Ulcer etiology, Female, Humans, Keratitis etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Male, Staphylococcal Infections etiology, Contact Lenses adverse effects, Eye Diseases etiology, Infections etiology
- Abstract
As contact lens practitioners, optometrists work in a nonsterile environment and on a nonsterile part of the human body. Our report describes 10 cases of eye infection related to contact lens wear. Practitioners need to be aware of the problems which can occur when a thoroughly sterilized contact lens is placed on an unsterile and biologically complex eye. We recommend taking swabs of the conjuctiva in all eyes where ocular inflammation is present. In those areas in which the professions of optometry and medicine meet, cooperation should exist. Improving our knowledge and skills in microbiology helps to facilitate such cooperation. Our experience has been most rewarding and interaction in this field with medical practitioners has been positive. The use of a high quality slitlamp is essential.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Penetrating keratoplasty in rabbits induces latent HSV-1 reactivation when corticosteroids are used.
- Author
-
Beyer CF, Arens MQ, Hill JM, Rose BT, Hill GA, and Lin DT
- Subjects
- Animals, Cornea microbiology, Corneal Ulcer etiology, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Rabbits, Random Allocation, Simplexvirus isolation & purification, Tears microbiology, Transplantation, Autologous, Dexamethasone adverse effects, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratoplasty, Penetrating adverse effects, Simplexvirus growth & development, Virus Activation drug effects
- Abstract
The increased incidence of corneal graft failure in patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis may be due in part to reactivation of latent HSV following surgical corneal trauma and postoperative corticosteroid therapy. To determine the onset, frequency, and nature of HSV recurrences following penetrating keratoplasty (PKP), 21 HSV type 1 (HSV-1) latently infected rabbits underwent unilateral autograft PKP. Opposite unoperated eyes served as HSV-1 latently infected controls. Corneal autografts were performed so that immunologic graft rejection would not be confused with recurrent HSV-1 stromal disease. After PKP, 11 of the 21 eyes were treated with dexamethasone. Ocular cultures and slit-lamp examinations were performed daily for the first postoperative 8 days and every other day thereafter for 82 days. Nine (82%) of the 11 dexamethasone-treated PKP eyes, 2 (20%) of the PKP eyes not treated with dexamethasone, and 3 (17%) of the 18 unoperated eyes had positive HSV-1 ocular cultures. Geographic ulcers appeared only in the PKP eyes treated with dexamethasone; 9 (82%) of the 11 PKP eyes treated with dexamethasone developed geographic ulcers. Between the 24th and 90th postoperative days, stromal keratitis appeared in 5 (56%) of the 9 PKP eyes treated with dexamethasone and in 2 (25%) of the 8 PKP eyes not treated with dexamethasone. Autograft PKP with postoperative corticosteroids significantly increased HSV-1 ocular shedding, epithelial ulceration, and stromal keratitis. This experimental model provides a useful tool to further investigate the development and treatment of HSV-1 epithelial and stromal recurrences after PKP.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. [Post-traumatic corneal herpes: medicolegal aspects].
- Author
-
Colin J, Massé R, and Renard G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Female, Humans, Jurisprudence, Keratitis, Dendritic diagnosis, Male, Mice, Rabbits, Recurrence, Eye Injuries complications, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Published
- 1980
37. [New data on the pathogenesis of experimental herpetic keratitis in rabbits].
- Author
-
Bikbulatov RM, Zakhvatkina KA, Maĭchuk IuF, Moĭsiadi SA, and Chemodanova LE
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral analysis, Inclusion Bodies, Viral, Interferons biosynthesis, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology, Keratitis, Dendritic pathology, Rabbits, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Published
- 1974
38. [Changes in the keratinocytes in oculo-cutaneous tyrosinosis: Richner-Hanhart syndrome (author's transl)].
- Author
-
Larrègue M, De Giacomoni P, Odièvre P, and Prigent F
- Subjects
- Animals, Cornea pathology, Cornea ultrastructure, Epidermis ultrastructure, Female, Humans, Infant, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratosis etiology, Keratosis pathology, Mitochondria ultrastructure, Rats, Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors pathology, Epidermis pathology, Tyrosine blood
- Abstract
The Richner-Hanhart syndrome corresponds to a tyrosine elevation in serum due to a defect in soluble tyrosine amino-transferase in liver cells. This new enzymopathy which is transmitted in an autosomal recessive mode is called oculo-cutaneous tyrosinosis. It is curable by a low diet in tyrosine and its precursors. The diagnosis has been clinically suggested in an 18 months old girl, by the association of punctate palmar and plantar keratosis, dendritic ulcerated keratitis, and mental retardation. The diagnosis was established by elevation of tyrosinemia up to 52 mg/100 ml associated with a high urinary elimination of tyrosine and phenylcetonic acid. Absence of anomaly in the metabolism of methionin and hepatorenal lesion is characteristic. The diagnosis was confirmed by the absence of soluble tyrosine aminotransferase in liver cells and by the effectiveness of the diet. The clinical keratosis corresponds histologically to a orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. The keratinocytes show 2 types of anomalies ranged in the epiderm. Intracytoplasmic vacuoles which include or lead to pseudomyelinic formations extend progressively from the mitochondrial alterations in the epidemial basal layers. Bulky polyhedral electron dense particles are found in the cytoplasm of the superficial keratinocytes. Most of these images have been demonstrates anteriorly in the keratinocytes ant the corned; on the other hand, signs of mitochondrial anomaly had not been observed. The genesis of these cellular alterations based on the liberation of lysosomial enzymes by the action of crystals of tyrosine has been suggested by Goldsmith from experimental facts. However, it seems that the mitochondrial defect occurs outside this mechanism.
- Published
- 1980
39. Role of virus-infected mononuclear leukocytes in herpetic chorioretinitis of newborn rabbits.
- Author
-
Ohashi Y, Oh JO, Ou KH, and Nichols B
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Newborn blood, Cell Adhesion, Chorioretinitis blood, Injections, Intra-Arterial, Injections, Subcutaneous, Keratitis, Dendritic blood, Rabbits, Viremia complications, Virus Replication, Animals, Newborn microbiology, Chorioretinitis etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Monocytes microbiology
- Abstract
The role of virus-infected mononuclear leukocytes (MNLs) in the pathogenesis of neonatal herpetic chorioretinitis in newborn rabbits was investigated. As early as 2 days after inoculating the animals' skins with type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV-2), infectious MNLs in the infected animals' peripheral blood were found. The virus was associated, for the most part, with MNLs that belonged to phagocytic and adherent cell fractions. Observations by electron microscopy indicated that HSV-2 was actively replicating in the MNLs. It was also found that as few as 80 virus-infected MNLs injected via the right common carotoid artery were capable of inducing the chorioretinal lesions in 50% of the eyes, but that as many as 10(3) Pfu of free virus were required to produce the same lesions in the same percentage of eyes. This result clearly indicated that virus-infected MNLs were far more efficient in producing chorioretinitis than free virus, and may thus play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of herpetic chorioretinitis in newborn rabbits. When 111In-labeled virus-infected or uninfected MNLs were injected into normal rabbits via the right common carotid artery, the virus-infected MNLs localized more readily in the eye than the uninfected MNLs. The virus-infected MNLs also attached to the cultured vascular endothelial cells significantly more often than the uninfected MNLs. These results suggested that virus-infected MNLs might be easily trapped in the circulation of the eye and, in this way, produce the ocular lesions.
- Published
- 1986
40. Recurrent herpes simplex virus type 1 corneal epithelial lesions after radial keratotomy in the rabbit.
- Author
-
Haruta Y, Maguire LJ, Rootman DS, and Hill JM
- Subjects
- Animals, Epithelium, Rabbits, Recurrence, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratotomy, Radial adverse effects
- Abstract
The effects of radial keratotomy (RK) on herpes simplex virus type 1 ocular shedding and recurrent corneal epithelial lesions were assessed for 14 days after RK in rabbits latently infected with strain McKrae. Ten latently infected rabbits had RK performed on the right eye. The left eye was used as the control. Viral shedding was monitored by ocular tear-film swabs. The recurrent lesions were monitored by slit-lamp examination. In the RK-treated eyes, 15 (11%) of 140 swabs were positive, compared with six (4%) of 140 swabs in control eyes. Slit-lamp examination disclosed recurrent lesions on 18 (33%) of 55 days on which it was performed in the RK group vs three (5%) of 55 days for the control group. The results suggest that patients who have a history of ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 disease are at risk for recurrences after RK.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Herpes simplex keratitis in renal transplant recipients.
- Author
-
Howcroft MJ and Breslin CW
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Herpes Labialis etiology, Humans, Idoxuridine administration & dosage, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Keratitis, Dendritic drug therapy, Kidney Failure, Chronic surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Transplantation, Homologous, Immunosuppressive Agents adverse effects, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
Herpes simplex epithelial keratitis developed in four renal transplant recipients while they were receiving high-dose systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. In all cases the presentation was atypical, and in two cases the course was protracted, leading to some visual loss from corneal scarring and opacification. With the immunocompromised patient it is important to seek early ophthalmologic consultation when even minor ocular symptoms develop.
- Published
- 1981
42. Herpes keratitis after radial keratotomy.
- Author
-
Porter J
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Cornea surgery, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Postoperative Complications
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. [Intraocular fluid antibody titer in experimental herpes simplex virus retinochoroiditis].
- Author
-
Rai T, Takamura K, Hasemi M, Usui M, Renard J, and Kim TJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Chorioretinitis etiology, Female, Immunoglobulin G analysis, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Rabbits, Antibodies, Viral analysis, Aqueous Humor immunology, Chorioretinitis immunology, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology, Simplexvirus immunology, Vitreous Body immunology
- Published
- 1988
44. Herpetic stromal keratitis-evidence for cell-mediated immunopathogenesis.
- Author
-
Metcalf JF and Kaufman HE
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Viral, Cornea ultrastructure, Disease Models, Animal, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic microbiology, Lymphocytes immunology, Rabbits, Simplexvirus immunology, Immunity, Cellular, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology
- Abstract
Immunofluorescence, histological, and electron microscopic observations were made on rabbit corneas from animals with experimentally induced stromal keratitis following intracorneal injection with the RE strain of herpes simplex virus. Electron microscopic observations were also made on human corneas obtained from patients with a history of herpetic stromal disease. Viral antigens were demonstrated by immunofluorescence in keratocytes of rabbit corneas with herpetic stromal keratitis. Electron microscopic observations and viral culture failed to reveal the presence of viral particles in these tissues. Lymphocytes, a major infiltrating cell type found in both the rabbit and human corneas, were often found in intimate contact with degenerating keratocytes.
- Published
- 1976
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Pathogenesis of herpes simplex infection of the skin and its relationship to the eye.
- Author
-
Nasemann T
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Antibodies, Viral, Antigens, Viral, Child, Child, Preschool, Herpes Simplex diagnosis, Humans, Infant, Keratitis, Dendritic diagnosis, Recurrence, Simplexvirus immunology, Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous diagnosis, Herpes Simplex etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous etiology
- Published
- 1979
46. Herpes infections in the immunosuppressed host.
- Author
-
Bloomfield SE and Lopez C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Corneal Ulcer etiology, Female, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Adrenal Cortex Hormones adverse effects, Immunosuppression Therapy adverse effects, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Abstract
Very recent studies indicate that a primitive immune system plays an important role in resisting herpesvirus infections in the mouse. This system appears to be reflected by the NK cell assay and preliminary data suggest that this test reflects resistance in man to herpesvirus infections. We propose that ths system may be responsible for resistance to reactivated herpesvirus infections and its suppression might result in clinically apparent disease. Studies in our laboratory are currently aimed at evaluating this possibility.
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Ocular herpes simplex virus infections.
- Author
-
Dawson CR
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Blepharitis etiology, Conjunctivitis, Viral diagnosis, Corneal Ulcer etiology, Debridement, Humans, Idoxuridine therapeutic use, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic therapy, Recurrence, Trifluridine therapeutic use, Uveitis, Anterior etiology, Vidarabine therapeutic use, Keratitis, Dendritic diagnosis
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Suppression of secondary herpes simplex uveitis by cyclosporine.
- Author
-
Oh JO, Minasi P, Grabner G, and Ohashi Y
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Viral administration & dosage, Cyclosporins administration & dosage, Immunity, Cellular drug effects, Injections, Injections, Intramuscular, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Keratitis, Dendritic microbiology, Male, Rabbits, Simplexvirus isolation & purification, Uveitis etiology, Uveitis microbiology, Vitreous Body, Cyclosporins pharmacology, Immune Tolerance drug effects, Keratitis, Dendritic immunology, Uveitis immunology
- Abstract
The authors studied the effect of an immunosuppressive agent, cyclosporine (CyA), on experimental secondary herpes simplex (HS) uveitis. Secondary HS uveitis was induced in a rabbit eye that had recovered from primary HS uveitis by challenging it with an intravitreal injection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigen. Daily intramuscular injections of CyA (25 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days prior to the intravitreal challenge with HSV antigen significantly suppressed the induction of secondary HS uveitis, but daily injections of CyA after the challenge with HSV antigen was ineffective. Intravitreal injections of CyA (5 mg) 7 days and 3 days prior to the HSV challenge were less effective, but the combined treatment with seven daily intramuscular CyA and two intravitreal CyA injections prior to the HSV challenge was most effective in the prevention of the uveitis. The daily intramuscular treatment with CyA resulted in a marked reduction of cell-mediated immunity while leaving the level of circulating HSV specific antibody high. No reactivation of latent HSV was detected in trigeminal and superior cervical ganglia of CyA-treated rabbits.
- Published
- 1985
49. Herpes Simplex keratitis: epidemiologic aspects.
- Author
-
Bell DM, Holman RC, and Pavan-Langston D
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Epidemiologic Methods, Eye Diseases complications, Female, Humans, Keratitis, Dendritic complications, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Respiratory Tract Infections, Seasons, Sex Factors, Virus Diseases complications, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology
- Abstract
Review of medical records of 141 patients with acute epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) showed that recurrences, but not initial episodes, were more likely to happen from November through February than during other months of the year (P less than .04). Other findings included a high male to female ratio in patients older than 40 years of age (1.67:1.0; P less than .03) and a median time interval between episodes (in patients with recurrent disease) of 1.5 years. Although we identified no risk factors for frequent recurrences or for severe disease, our data support the hypothesis that nonherpetic viral respiratory infections may trigger recurrences of HSK.
- Published
- 1982
50. Unilateral inferior altitudinal hemianopsia, Argyll Robertson pupil and dendritic keratitis in a young patient with herpes zoster.
- Author
-
Sammartino A, Fusco R, de Crecchio G, and Magli A
- Subjects
- Adult, Color Vision Defects etiology, Fluorescein Angiography, Humans, Male, Visual Fields, Hemianopsia etiology, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus complications, Keratitis, Dendritic etiology, Pupil
- Abstract
The authors describe a young patient with herpes zoster and discuss the etiopathogenesis of the complications which included unilateral inferior altitudinal hemianopsia, Argyll Robertson pupil and dendritic keratitis.
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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