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本稿では、入学者の定員割れが起きている熊本県立菊池高等学校を事例とし、定員割れが起きる要因を文献レビューと質問紙調査によって分析した。文献レビューの結果、県立高校における通学区域の拡大と私立高校における就学支援金制度の実施により、菊池市内の中学生が市外の高校へ行きやすい環境が整ったことで、市外への流出が加速している可能性があることが分かった。また、質問紙調査の結果からは、菊池市内の高校進学を志望しない理由として、いきたい学科がないこと、部活動に魅力がないこと、家族やまわりの人がすすめなかったことが多数を占めることが分かった。また、男女とも進路について親や親族に相談する人が最も多いことも分かった。これらの結果をふまえ、市内の中学生が市内の高校を選択したくなるような高校づくりのために必要な視点やアイディアを考慮する。, In this paper, I revealed why not enrolled in high school of Kikuchi City. I perform a literature review and questionnaire survey. As a result of the implementation of the expansion and enrollment assistance allowance system of the school district of Kikuchi City. I found out that three is an outflow of junior high school students to other areas. As a result of the questionnaire reasons for not aspiring a high school in Kikuchi City were unattractive curricular contents, missing extracurricular activities and, most important, that the students' families recommended moving to another municipality for better education. The aim of this paper is to provide possible hints to mitigate an increased outflow of Junior high school students from Kikuchi City to other areas.

18～63歳の男性を対象に、自分の体重を負荷にした筋力トレーニング3種目と「和食・よく噛む・お茶お水」もしくは「和食・よく噛む・とるなら至福の間食」の3課題を１ヶ月間実施した。保健指導は、対面が初回の1回のみ、残りは自宅で各自実施した。継続を支援するために、2～3日に1回の支援メールを送付した。参加者34名のうち、事後アンケートを回答したものが17名。筋力トレーニングについては、65％が週に3回以上実施。食事については、和食の継続が難しいと回答した参加者が65％みられたが、よく噛むについては半数が、お茶お水・至福の間食については7割が実施できたと回答した。腹囲についても7割が減少した。, This study examined the effect of a 4-week non-instrumental slow movement resistance training program using body weight as a load. Food program was consisted of three parts; Japanese food, chew well, tea or water. Thirty four male volunteers aged 18-63 years were recruited via public relations magazine. The subjects were asked to train every day for 4 weeks according to a specified protocol involving a combination of upper and lower body. 65% of subjects completed resistance training more than three times per week. However, 65% of subjects answerd that Japanese food was difficult for eat every time. After the intervention, 70% of subjects reported the decrease of waist size.

本稿では、菊池市、合志市、大津町、菊陽町における人口動態を明らかにするため国勢調査などの人口データを基に実証的な分析を行う。分析からは、地域の中核となる都市が周辺自治体の人口動態に影響を与えていることが分かった。また、出生数が増えている自治体においても、合計特殊出生率は人口置換水準を満たしておらず、人口減少の根本的解決には至っていないことも分かった。これらのことは、今後、基礎自治体が政策立案していく上で議論が必要となる論点である。, In this study, the goal is to reveal the demographics of local government. I used the population data, such as census in the analysis. From the analysis, I found that the city at the heart of the region is affecting the population dynamics of the peripheral municipalities. In addition, the birth rate of the municipality is a low level. Therefore, also I found that not been able to fundamentally solbve the population decline. These things, future, is an issue that requires discussion on the local governments continue to policymakers.

Four series of rolling-element bearing fatigue tests were conducted with 51104 size thrust ball bearings with three balls made from SUJ2 (AISI 52100) steel lubricated with two advanced synthetic base oils used for space applications. The test lubricants were perfluoropolyether (PFPE) and multiply alkyated cyclopentane (MAC). Each oil was tested with bearings under vacuum and atmospheric environments. The bearings were tested at a maximum Hertzian stress of 4 GPa on the inner and outer races. The outer race was rotated at a speed of 250 rpm. A pool lubrication system was used. Fresh lubricant was used for each test bearing. Testing in vacuum conditions was at 5 × 10−2 Pa. The test oils were analyzed to determine whether changes occurred as a result of operating in air and in a vacuum. In a vacuum environment, the PFPE 815Z oil exhibited a longer fatigue life than the MAC 2001A oil. However, in an air environment, the MAC 2001A oil had a longer L10 fatigue life than the PFPE 815Z oil. The fatigue life tests...

The tribological properties of a new and unique thermoreversible gel lubricant (TR gel lube) were investigated. TR gel lube, which includes 10–40% of amide-type gelling agent in base fluid, is able to repeatedly alter or convert phase from gel state to liquid state at the melting point of the gelling agent. High-pressure rheological tests were performed in order to characterize the behavior of base oil and TR gel lube as a function of pressure and temperature. The effect of TR gel lube on ball bearing fatigue life was carried out by systematic tests using thrust ball bearings. The results of L 10 life tests of TR gel lube showed a longer life than the conventional greases. This result was investigated from the oil film formation. It was found that the gelling agent played a key role in the lubricating properties. Some mechanisms such as adsorbed film formation and solid-like formation are proposed.

Dynamic nanostructural change of a gold (Au) thin film formed at a liquid/air interface by oscillatory electrodeposition was probed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) under in situ condition. The oscillatory formation of the Au film was explained by taking into account that the electrodeposition proceeded under diffusion-limited conditions when the potential shifts to the positive during the potential oscillation, whereas it proceeded under reaction-limited conditions during the negative potential shift. Ex situ SEM inspections of the deposits formed under the oscillatory conditions revealed that each potential shift is accompanied by growth of needle-like nanocrystals and formation of a continuous film via the thickening and coalescing of the nanoneedles, respectively. The SERS intensity was high when the potential moves from the negative end to the positive end of the oscillation, whereas it became lower when the potential moves from the positive to the negative end, clearly indicating that the SERS probes the dynamic nanostructural change from the nanoneedles into a continuous film of the deposits in the course of the oscillatory electrodeposition.

Mechanisms for potential oscillations and synchronizing self-organized formation of ordered dendrite structures, which is an important example of morphogenesis in Laplacian fields, were studied using Sn, Zn, Cu, and Pb electrodeposition. Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) experiments showed that Sn latticework as a typical example of the ordered dendrite structures grew in an epitaxial mode in particular directions from the Sn electrode surface. In situ optical and phase-contrast microscopic inspection showed that the Sn latticework growth as well as the concentration profile for deposited Sn(II) ions near the growing front oscillated in synchronization with the potential oscillation, which led to formation of a highly ordered Sn latticework structure. Similar behavior was observed in other electrodeposition systems. On the basis of these results, a general mechanism for the potential oscillations and synchronized formation of the ordered dendrite structures was proposed, in which autocatalytic cr...

Divalent lanthanide–imine complexes and a related species catalyzed the hydrosilylation of olefins with phenyl- and diphenylsilane. On the other hand, conjugated dienes were converted to 1,4-bissilyl-2-butenes and 3-silacyclopentenes, accompanied with hydrogen evolution, under similar conditions.

We report a case of high CEA advanced colon cancer, which we were able to down stage after treatment with FOLFIRI-1. The patient was a 56-year-old woman who had advanced sigmoid colon cancer with high CEA. It was suspected that the tumor had directly invaded the ovary by CT scan. For curative operation, hysterectomy was considered necessary. Neoadjuvant therapy was performed to avoid an extensive operation. After the fourth course, according to colonoscopy and CT findings, a significant tumor reduction was obtained. Sigmoid colorectomy with D3 nodal dissection was then performed. The histological diagnosis was pT1, pN0, PStage I. The histological effect was observed in lymph node metastasis. The patient was recurrence free at her 3-year follow-up examination.

An 80-year-old woman was diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer of T2N0H0P0M0, Stage IB. She was strongly advised to undergo surgery, but refused this option. Because the performance status (PS)was 1, combination chemotherapy with S1 100 mg/day (day 1-21) and CDDP 50 mg/m2 (day 8) was initiated. After one course of treatment was completed, she changed her mind and expressed the wish to undergo an operation for her disease, which led to proximal gastrectomy (double tract reconstruction) being performed. A histopathological examination revealed CR of the disease with no cancer cells. As the population grows older, the number of elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer will increase in the future. Therefore, S-1 and CDDP combination therapy may be a treatment of choice for gastric cancer with dose reduction according to patient status, if the elderly patient refuses a curative operation. It may well prove to be an effective treatment in the elderly provided the dosage and administration are appropriate.

We report a case of a large gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), which we were able to curatively resect after treatment with a daily dosage of 400 mg imatinib for 3 months. The patient was a 46-year-old man whose chief complaint was anemia. Historical diagnosis by endoscopic biopsy was a c-kit-positive GIST of the stomach. From a CT scan, it was suspected that the tumor had directly invaded the pancreas. The tumor was 9 cm in size. For this case, total gastrectomy with distal pancreato splenectomy was necessary for curative resection. Imatinib mesilate was administered as neoadjuvant therapy according to the NCCN guidelines. After 3 months of treatment, CT revealed a dramatic reduction in tumor diameter of 61% and showed direct invasion of the pancreas. The radical operation was considered feasible and a partial gastrectomy was performed. The tumor did not invade other organs, and radical surgery was possible without rupture. The patient was recurrence free at his 12-month follow-up examination.

The tribological properties of a new unique thermo-reversible Gel-Lubricant (TR Gel-Lube) were investigated. TR Gel-Lube which includes 10–40% of amide type gel agent in base fluid, is repeatedly able to change from gel-state to liquid-state at the melting point of its gel agent. High-pressure rheological tests were performed in order to characterize the behavior of base oil and TR Gel-Lube as a function of pressure and temperature. The effect of TR Gel-Lube on ball bearings fatigue life was carried out by systematic tests using thrust ball bearings. The results of L10 life tests of TR Gel-Lube showed a longer life than the conventional greases. This result was investigated from oil film formation. It was found that gel agent played a key role in the lubricating properties. Some mechanisms such as adsorbed film formation and solid like formation are proposed.Copyright © 2009 by ASME

An immiscible interface, which was composed of CaCl2 aqueous and ester phases, was excited by the addition of a small amount of water. The excitation, i.e., burst and flow at the interface, was observed above a critical concentration of CaCl2 in the aqueous phase. The critical concentration and degree of excitation depended on the kind of ester. The mechanism of excitation is discussed in relation to the interfacial tension and the Marangoni effect.