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Temporoparietal fascia flaps are reported to have a 94% success rate in auricular reconstruction. Bilayer matrix (Integra™, Integra LifeSciences, Plainsboro, NJ) dermal graft alone has an average success rate of 76.6%. When combined with fibrin glue and negative pressure therapy (V.A.C.® Freedom®, KCI, San Antonio, Tex) the flaps have a success rate of up to 98% in patients with a variety of wound types and sites. Two patients are presented with failed temporoparietal fascia flaps. In addition, one also had prior failure of a split-thickness skin graft; the second also had failure of prior Integra split-thickness skin graft, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. All 3 treatment modalities of bilayer dermal graft, negative pressure therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen used simultaneously allowed both flaps to heal.

We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 by religion (Mormon, non-Mormon) for Utah (United States) using the 49,182 cancer cases occurring between 1971-85. For all causes of cancer, the rate in Utah for male members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormons) was about 24 percent less than the comparable US rate. There was a 50-percent lower rate of cancers associated with cigarette smoking among LDS men. Non-LDS (NLDS) men in Utah experienced an incidence of smoking-associated cancers slightly higher than other US men. LDS men had an incidence of those cancers not associated with smoking slightly lower than US men, and NLDS men had a 40-percent higher rate than US men because of higher rates of melanoma and cancers of the lip and prostate gland. LDS women had an all-sites cancer rate 24 percent below the comparable US rate, and a 60-percent lower rate of smoking-associated cancers. The incidence of cancer not associated with smoking was 20 percent lower for LDS women compared with US women and was the result of lower rates of cancers of the colon, breast, and uterine cervix. NLDS women had a 13-percent higher incidence of cancers not associated with smoking because of higher rates of cancers of the lip and breast.

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of range-of-fire estimates in shotgun pellet patterns at fixed intervals. It was also of interest to investigate the effect of barrel and shell temperature changes on the diameter of pellet patterns. One hundred shots were fired from a .12 gauge shotgun though a series of 5 in-line paper targets positioned at 5-foot intervals between 15 and 35 feet from the muzzle. A series of confidence intervals was calculated to determine the error in range-of-fire estimates. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that shell but not barrel temperature significantly reduced pattern diameter.