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3. Modern Epidemiology

Author

Timothy L. Lash, Tyler J. VanderWeele, Sebastien Haneause, Kenneth Rothman, Timothy L. Lash, Tyler J. VanderWeele, Sebastien Haneause, and Kenneth Rothman

Subjects
Epidemiology, Epidemiology--Research--Methodology, Epidemiology--Statistical methods, Epidemiology--Textbooks
Abstract

Now in a fully revised Fourth Edition, Modern Epidemiology remains the gold standard text in this complex and evolving field. This edition continues to provide comprehensive coverage of the principles and methods for the design, analysis, and interpretation of epidemiologic research. Featuring a new format allowing space for margin notes, this edition • Reflects both the conceptual development of this evolving science and the increasing role that epidemiology plays in improving public health and medicine. • Features new coverage of methods such as agent-based modeling, quasi-experimental designs, mediation analysis, and causal modeling. • Updates coverage of methods such as concepts of interaction, bias analysis, and time-varying designs and analysis. • Continues to cover the full breadth of epidemiologic methods and concepts, including epidemiologic measures of occurrence and effect, study designs, validity, precision, statistical interference, field methods, surveillance, ecologic designs, and use of secondary data sources. • Includes data analysis topics such as Bayesian analysis, probabilistic bias analysis, time-to-event analysis, and an extensive overview of modern regression methods including logistic and survival regression, splines, longitudinal and cluster-correlated/hierarchical data analysis, propensity scores and other scoring methods, and marginal structural models. • Summarizes the history, specialized aspects, and future directions of topical areas, including among others social epidemiology, infectious disease epidemiology, genetic and molecular epidemiology, psychiatric epidemiology, injury and violence epidemiology, and pharmacoepidemiology.

Published
2021

4. PERSISTENCE WITH THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: THE GLORIA-AF REGISTRY

Author

Miney Paquette, Menno Huisman, Kenneth Rothman, Gregory Lip, Hans-Christoph Diener, Kristina Zint, Lionel Riou França, Robby Nieuwlaat, Dorothee B. Bartels, Jonathan Halperin, Christine Teutsch, Shihai Lu, Sergio Dubner, and Changsheng Ma

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Atrial fibrillation, Vitamin k, medicine.disease, Persistence (computer science), Discontinuation, Internal medicine, Stroke prevention, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Medicine, In patient, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke, Oral anticoagulation
Abstract

Background: Current guidelines recommend long-term oral anticoagulation (OAC) for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF), at risk for stroke. Treatment discontinuation rates are high in patients treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKA), with only half remaining on

Published
2017
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5. Reply: To PMID 24679845

Author

Aidan, Long, Kenneth, Rothman, Hubert, Chen, Gillis, Carrigan, and Stanley, Szefler

Subjects
Male, Skin Neoplasms, Humans, Female, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Asthma, Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic
Published
2014

6. Epidemiological Safety Surveillance of Cellular Telephones in the US

Author

Nancy A. Dreyer, Jeanne Loughlin, and Kenneth Rothman

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Safety surveillance, Radiation, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine, business
Published
1999
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8. PATTERNS OF NEWLY DETECTED ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND ANTITHROMBOTIC TREATMENT IN NORTH AMERICA (GLORIA-AF PHASE II)

Author

Kenneth Rothman, Jeff S. Healey, Miney Paquette, Amelie Elsaesser, Changsheng Ma, Menno Huisman, Hans-Christoph Diener, Jonathan L. Halperin, Gregory Lip, Christine Teutsch, Kristina Zint, and Sergio J. Dubner

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Antithrombotic treatment, business.industry, Internal medicine, Cardiology, medicine, Atrial fibrillation, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.disease, business
Published
2015
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9. ANTITHROMBOTIC TREATMENT IN RELATION TO AGE IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN NORTH AMERICA (GLORIA-AF PHASE II)

Author

Jonathan L. Halperin, Menno Huisman, Amelie Elsaesser, Sergio J. Dubner, Changsheng Ma, Hans-Christoph Diener, Jeff S. Healey, Miney Paquette, Kenneth Rothman, Christine Teutsch, Gregory Lip, and Kristina Zint

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Atrial fibrillation, Newly diagnosed, Vitamin k, medicine.disease, Stroke risk, Antithrombotic treatment, Internal medicine, Antithrombotic, medicine, Cardiology, In patient, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke
Abstract

Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or the newer non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are recommended for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and additional stroke risk factors. To assess changing patterns of antithrombotic therapy, GLORIA-AF Phase II collected data on patients

Published
2015
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12. Placebo mania

Author

Kenneth Rothman

Subjects
General Engineering, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Medicine, General Environmental Science
Published
1996
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19. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEAD AND NECK CANCER

Author

J D P H Kenneth Rothman

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Occupational group, Lung Neoplasms, Esophageal Neoplasms, Population, medicine.disease_cause, Asbestos, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Head and neck, education, Laryngeal Neoplasms, Carcinogen, education.field_of_study, Ethanol, business.industry, Smoking, Head and neck cancer, Cancer, medicine.disease, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Mouth Neoplasms, business
Abstract

The epidemiology of head and neck cancer can be accounted for largely in terms of known carcinogens introduced into the body through the mouth. Though there are many environmental exposures--such as asbestos, radon, nickel and arsenic--which have strong carcinogenic effects, most of these have only a small impact on the general population because exposure is limited, usually to small occupational groups. Two prevalent exposures, however, tobacco and alcohol, are strong risk factors for nearly all sites in the head and neck, and together account for about 80%-90% of all cancers of the head and neck. There is evidence for biologic interaction between some occupational exposures and cigarette smoking for cancer of the lung, and tobacco and alcohol for cancer of the mouth. Based on this evidence for biologic interaction and the prevalence of smoking, it seems likely that tobacco is related to about 80% of all cancers of the head and neck in the United States.

Published
1978
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23. Tobacco habits

Author

Kenneth Rothman

Subjects
Plants, Toxic, Tobacco, Smokeless, Tobacco, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Humans, Research Article
Published
1986

27. THE GLOBAL REGISTRY PROGRAM ON LONG-TERM ORAL ANTI-THROMBOTIC TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (GLORIA-AF): FIRST ASSESSMENT OF BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF DABIGATRAN AND VKA COHORTS IN NORTH AMERICA

Author

Menno Huisman, Kenneth Rothman, Changsheng Ma, Christine Teutsch, Jeff S. Healey, Hans-Christoph Diener, Miney Paquette, Andreas Clemens, Dorothee B. Bartels, Sergio J. Dubner, Eva Kleine, Jonathan L. Halperin, Nils Schoof, Kristina Zint, and Gregory Lip

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Atrial fibrillation, macromolecular substances, medicine.disease, Dabigatran, Antithrombotic treatment, Internal medicine, Baseline characteristics, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, In patient, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke, medicine.drug
Abstract

The Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF) is designed to identify factors influencing the selection of antithrombotic treatment to prevent stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). While Phase I assessed the

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28. The month of birth does not affect the risk of hypospadias.

Author

Mette Skriver, Lars Pedersen, Paul Stang, Lars Lund, Kenneth Rothman, and Henrik Sørensen

Abstract

We studied the pattern of annual cyclical variation of hypospadia by month of birth for all boys born in Denmark after 1983 and hospitalized with hypospadias. We found little indication of any seasonal pattern, with a peak to low ratio of 1.06 (95% CI: 1.00–1.17). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004

29. Different Methods of Balancing Covariates Leading to Different Effect Estimates in the Presence of Effect Modification.

Author

Mark Lunt, Daniel Solomon, Kenneth Rothman, Robert Glynn, Kimme Hyrich, Deborah P. M. Symmons, Til Stürmer, the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register Control Centre Consortium, and the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register

Subjects
DRUG efficacy, MATHEMATICAL variables, EQUILIBRIUM, ESTIMATES, RHEUMATOID arthritis treatment, TUMOR necrosis factors, MORTALITY, CONFIDENCE intervals
Abstract

A number of covariate-balancing methods, based on the propensity score, are widely used to estimate treatment effects in observational studies. If the treatment effect varies with the propensity score, however, different methods can give very different answers. The authors illustrate this effect by using data from a United Kingdom–based registry of subjects treated with anti–tumor necrosis factor drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. Estimates of the effect of these drugs on mortality varied from a relative risk of 0.4 (95% confidence interval: 0.16, 0.91) to a relative risk of 1.3 (95% confidence interval: 0.8, 2.25), depending on the balancing method chosen. The authors show that these differences were due to a combination of an interaction between propensity score and treatment effect and to differences in weighting subjects with different propensity scores. Thus, the methods are being used to calculate average treatment effects in populations with very different distributions of effect-modifying variables, resulting in different overall estimates. This phenomenon highlights the importance of careful selection of the covariate-balancing method so that the overall estimate has a meaningful interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

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