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This article discusses the persistence of gender bias in organizations, even when efforts are made to reduce it. The research focuses on a professional services firm and reveals that while managers were able to reduce biased descriptions of employee traits and behaviors, they still exhibited biases in how they valued and rewarded those traits and behaviors. The study highlights the importance of addressing both viewing biases and valuing biases in order to advance gender equity in the workplace. The article provides recommendations for organizations, including providing support for managers, comprehensive training, and fair procedures throughout employees' careers. [Extracted from the article]

The study documents issues inhibiting collaboration, service delivery and multisite evaluation, in order to develop and maintain successful programs to address HIV/AIDS in inmate populations. Correction, public health, and community- based organizations should take this opportunity to maximize the effectiveness and efficiency.

New antibiotics are needed to combat rising levels of resistance, with new Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) drugs having the highest priority. However, conventional whole-cell and biochemical antibiotic screens have failed. Here we develop a strategy termed PROSPECT (primary screening of strains to prioritize expanded chemistry and targets), in which we screen compounds against pools of strains depleted of essential bacterial targets. We engineered strains that target 474 essential Mtb genes and screened pools of 100–150 strains against activity-enriched and unbiased compound libraries, probing more than 8.5 million chemical–genetic interactions. Primary screens identified over tenfold more hits than screening wild-type Mtb alone, with chemical–genetic interactions providing immediate, direct target insights. We identified over 40 compounds that target DNA gyrase, the cell wall, tryptophan, folate biosynthesis and RNA polymerase, as well as inhibitors that target EfpA. Chemical optimization yielded EfpA inhibitors with potent wild-type activity, thus demonstrating the ability of PROSPECT to yield inhibitors against targets that would have eluded conventional drug discovery. A high-throughput chemical–genetic screening approach for the discovery of targets and chemicals to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosisyields tenfold more hit compounds than conventional whole-cell screening methods.

Correctional inmates and ex-offenders are disproportionately burdened by medical and mental health problems. This article reviews the state of programs and research in five health-related issues important to these inmates' successful transitions to the community: discharge planning, community linkages, and continuity of care; adherence to treatment regimens; availability of housing; quick access to benefit programs; and the particular needs of dually and triply diagnosed individuals. In general, such services are currently inadequate, although there are exemplary programs and promising strategies in some of these realms. Additional research is needed to evaluate current programs and encourage their replication and enhancement. The disproportionate share of the nation's total burden of health problems found among inmates and the potential public health and fiscal benefits of an improved response should make this research a high priority.