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Manufacturing and maintenance procedures in the railway industry regularly implement welding and metal deposition operations to produce joints, coatings and repair structures. During these processes, residual stresses arise through the generation of heat affected zones and plastic deformation. This makes accurate measurements of the internal stresses a critical aspect of manufacturing, monitoring, repair and model validation in the develop new metallic coating and joining technologies. Selection of an appropriate residual stress measurement method has many important factors including component size, resolution and the magnitude and location of internal stresses, often resulting in a combination of techniques required to obtain complete assessment of the stress state. This paper offers a review of residual stress measurement techniques for railway components including rail joints and coatings through comparison of destructive and non-destructive approaches, their measurement capabilities, benefits and limitations. A comprehensive discussion of different applications is provided with a summary of facilities available to both research and industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on in-depth interviews with 16 heterosexual men, this study focuses on participants’ meaning-making surrounding a common and controversial sexual act in pornography: ejaculation on a woman’s face (EOWF). We analyze the ways that male consumers decoded EOWF and the ways that EOWF, as a sexual script, was included in the men’s accounts of their sexual desires and practices. The majority of the men decoded EOWF through the preferred (encoded) meaning as an act of male dominance and sexual aggression and that they wanted to engage in it despite their general belief that women would not be interested in it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review focuses on the contribution of the late David Garbers to chemotaxis of sperm, in particular from sea urchin. We will describe his discovery of chemotactic peptides and their cognate receptors, his discovery of a sperm-specific, unique Na + /H + exchanger that represents a chimera between a solute carrier (SLC) and an ion channel. Finally, we will discuss his contributions to the understanding of cAMP signaling in sperm via soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) and its control by Ca 2+ ions., (© 2024 The Author(s). Molecular Reproduction and Development published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)