Search

Background: Mastitis is a disease of productive cows, widespread throughout the world, and characterized by significant economic damage to the dairy industry. The subclinical form of this disease is aggravated by additional difficulties with its diagnosis and the lack of clear treatment protocols., Aim: Therefore, the study of the effectiveness of diagnostic studies and the search for new methods of treatment of latent forms of mastitis is an important direction in scientific research in countries with developed dairy cattle breeding., Methods: Studies conducted on the number of dairy cows of the production cooperative "Izhevsky" of the Akmola region of the Republic of Kazakhstan showed that when using rapid tests Kenotest, Somatest, Mastidine test, and Wideside test, the same results were obtained when the disease was detected in cows. The effectiveness of the tests was at the level of 60%-62% when using the settling sample as a control. Medical procedures were carried out using the Aquaton-2 microwave radiation apparatus and a homeopathic preparation. When using physiotherapy with microwave radiation, a decrease in the level of microbial contamination of milk from the treated part of the udder by 1.5-5 times was observed., Results: Biologically active substances of plant origin in the homeopathic preparation, due to the immunostimulating effect, made it possible to increase the level of γ-globulins in the blood serum of sick animals during the application., Conclusion: The complex use of both methods in the treatment of animals with a subclinical form of mastitis made it possible to reduce the level of somatic cells in the milk of the affected udder lobe to a level that cannot be determined using Kenotest in 4-6 days, which is 2-4 days faster than using these methods separately., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Objective: In this work, the effect of probiotics on the state of the microbial background of the livestock building, on the state of udder teats, and on the prevalence of latent mastitis was investigated. Long-term use of the consortium has bactericidal activity against all cultures studied, especially the causative agent of mastitis, Staphylococcus aureus , except Proteus mirabilis , Proteus vulgaris , and Escherichia coli ., Materials and Methods: The washes from animal housings and milk samples were collected from the dairy farms "Astana-Onim" Joint Stock Company and "Rodina" Limited Liability Partnership (Kazakhstan). The cleaning solutions and probiotic agents were applied directly to the udder teats of cows before and after milking. Diagnosis of subclinical mastitis was performed using the Kenotest rapid mastitis test. Directly counting the number of somatic cells in the collected milk samples from each cow was performed on a somatic cell counter., Results: Pathogenic microorganisms, including S. aureus bacteria (50% of samples) and bacteria of the E. coli group, Enterobacter aerogenes , and P. mirabilis (36% of samples), were detected on the udder skin and milk wipes. Using a consortium of probiotic microorganisms positively affects the mammary gland more quickly than using mastitis prevention agents alone. Probiotic use for a month resulted in a significant improvement in udder teat condition, with 60.7% of teats showing normal physiological reaction to milking, a decrease in complicated hyperkeratosis, and an increase in uncomplicated mastitis. The studies showed that in the experimental group, there was a 1.5-fold reduction in the number of cows with clinically pronounced mastitis. The experimental group showed no significant changes in the number of animals with high somatic cell levels before and after the study, while the control group without probiotics had a significant increase in diseased animals after 1 month., Conclusion: The use of a probiotic consortium has shown promising results in reducing the incidence of mastitis and improving milk quality in cows., Competing Interests: The authors declare any conflict of interest., (Copyright: © Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research.)

Lumpy skin disease is an important emerging disease posing a threat to the livestock industry worldwide. Moreover, factors involved in disease transmission in the field and at farm level remain unidentified. This research was based on a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews with affected farmers. From January 2021 to July 2021, 543 households were visited in four provinces of the West Kazakhstan region to assess the prevalence of LSD and its associated risk factors. Animal and farm level risk factors were examined using univariable and multivariable mixed effect logistic regression. At animal level, the factors associated with LSD outbreaks include herd size Medium OR = 0.68, (95% CI: 0.54-0.84); large OR = 0.63, (95% CI: 0.49-0.81), purchasing animals OR = 11.67, (95% CI: 8.87-15.35), and selling animals during LSD outbreak OR = 1.24, (95% CI: 1.06-1.45). The overall animal level and herd level LSD prevalence were 10.2% (95% CI: 9.6 -0.10.9) and 49.2% (95% CI: 45.0 - 53.4) respectively. Our study demonstrates the dissemination of LSDV from primary outbreaks to new areas and risk factors associated with LSD in Kazakhstan. This finding will enhance knowledge on disease epidemiology and help develop coordinated actions in prevention and control of the possible LSD outbreaks., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)