Search

The sporicidal activity of hospital disinfectants was tested using two methods of test and two species of spores. Alcoholic hypochlorite and glutaraldehyde (Cidex) showed some sporicidal activity; the first was the more effective. Iodophors, formalin, and phenolics were less effective, in descending order. Chlorhexidine showed no activity. A freshly prepared solution containing 50% methanol and sufficient sodium hypochlorite to provide 2000 parts per million available chlorine in distilled water, with a contact time of 15 minutes, is suggested for the decontamination of clean, heat-sensitive instruments except those of plated metal. It must be understood that no such method can be depended upon to sterilize. The instruments should be rinsed in sterile water before use after decontamination. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Satisfactory spore preparations for testing hospital sterilizers can be made from and comparatively simple methods for loading and drying the papers are considered to be valid. Each batch of spore papers should be calibrated by plotting dose-response curves for exposure to steam. A minimum standard in terms of the L.D.50 to moist heat is proposed and confidence limits suggested when such papers are used in pairs or small multiples. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The classification of lower-limb disabilities is commonly based on the site of the spinal cord lesion or the amount of functional muscle. Another important variable in assessing wheelchair users is their ability to carry out the activities of daily living. The cardiorespiratory fitness of those with lower-limb disabilities is usually assessed with arm-ergometry and wheelchair tests, each of which has some advantages. Muscle strength and endurance are also important aspects of the disabled person's ability to function. Fitness is often poor in the disabled, and normal wheelchair use does not seem to prove an adequate training stimulus. Exercise with an arm ergometer and with pulleys and participation in vigorous wheelchair sports can improve physical condition. Participation in exercise programs should be based on the results of a fitness assessment and on the level of the spinal cord lesion in those with paraplegia. Progression in such programs should be gradual to ensure that the exerciser does not become discouraged and drop out of classes before fitness is increased. Data on wheelchair athletes suggest that, with persistence, many individuals in wheelchairs can adjust relatively well to their disabilities.