3,460 results on '"Kelly, Michael P"'
Search Results
2. Fighting Words in the Antipodes
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Lacey, Cherie, Kelly, Michael P., and Jutel, Annemarie
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- 2020
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3. Statistical evaluation of 571 GaAs quantum point contact transistors showing the 0.7 anomaly in quantized conductance using millikelvin cryogenic on-chip multiplexing
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Ma, Pengcheng, Delfanazari, Kaveh, Puddy, Reuben K., Li, Jiahui, Cao, Moda, Yi, Teng, Griffiths, Jonathan P., Beere, Harvey E., Ritchie, David A., Kelly, Michael J., and Smith, Charles G.
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Quantum Physics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Computer Science - Hardware Architecture ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
The mass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution refrigerator. It is, therefore, beneficial to contrast the measurements of hundreds of devices fabricated in a single chip in one cooldown process to promote the scalability, integrability, reliability, and reproducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time, cost and energy. Here, we use a cryogenic on-chip multiplexer architecture and investigate the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly observed on the first three plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor quantum point contact (QPC) transistors. Our single chips contain 256 split gate field effect QPC transistors (QFET) each, with two 16-branch multiplexed source-drain and gate pads, allowing individual transistors to be selected, addressed and controlled through an electrostatic gate voltage process. A total of 1280 quantum transistors with nano-scale dimensions are patterned in 5 different chips of GaAs heterostructures. From the measurements of 571 functioning QPCs taken at temperatures T= 1.4 K and T= 40 mK, it is found that the spontaneous polarisation model and Kondo effect do not fit our results. Furthermore, some of the features in our data largely agreed with van Hove model with short-range interactions. Our approach provides further insight into the quantum mechanical properties and microscopic origin of the 0.7 anomaly in QPCs, paving the way for the development of semiconducting quantum circuits and integrated cryogenic electronics, for scalable quantum logic control, readout, synthesis, and processing applications.
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- 2024
4. The 2023 WSES guidelines on the management of trauma in elderly and frail patients.
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De Simone, Belinda, Chouillard, Elie, Podda, Mauro, Pararas, Nikolaos, de Carvalho Duarte, Gustavo, Fugazzola, Paola, Birindelli, Arianna, Coccolini, Federico, Polistena, Andrea, Sibilla, Maria, Kruger, Vitor, Fraga, Gustavo, Montori, Giulia, Russo, Emanuele, Pintar, Tadeja, Ansaloni, Luca, Avenia, Nicola, Di Saverio, Salomone, Leppäniemi, Ari, Lauretta, Andrea, Sartelli, Massimo, Puzziello, Alessandro, Carcoforo, Paolo, Agnoletti, Vanni, Bissoni, Luca, Isik, Arda, Kluger, Yoram, Moore, Ernest, Romeo, Oreste, Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Beka, Solomon, Weber, Dieter, Tan, Edward, Paolillo, Ciro, Cui, Yunfeng, Kim, Fernando, Picetti, Edoardo, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Toro, Adriana, Sganga, Gabriele, Sganga, Federica, Testini, Mario, Di Meo, Giovanna, Kirkpatrick, Andrew, Marzi, Ingo, déAngelis, Nicola, Kelly, Michael, Wani, Imtiaz, Sakakushev, Boris, Bala, Miklosh, Bonavina, Luigi, Galante, Joseph, Shelat, Vishal, Cobianchi, Lorenzo, Mas, Francesca, Pikoulis, Manos, Damaskos, Dimitrios, Coimbra, Raul, Dhesi, Jugdeep, Hoffman, Melissa, Stahel, Philip, Maier, Ronald, Litvin, Andrey, Latifi, Rifat, Biffl, Walter, and Catena, Fausto
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Ageing ,Antibiotics ,Delirium ,Direct oral anticoagulants management ,Elderly ,End of life ,Frailty ,Geriatric patient ,Imaging ,Laboratory test ,Pain control ,Palliative care ,Resuscitation ,Thrombo-prophylaxis ,Trauma management ,Trauma score ,Vitamin K antagonists anticoagulants management ,Humans ,Wounds and Injuries ,Aged ,Frail Elderly ,Frailty ,Aged ,80 and over ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Geriatric Assessment - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The trauma mortality rate is higher in the elderly compared with younger patients. Ageing is associated with physiological changes in multiple systems and correlated with frailty. Frailty is a risk factor for mortality in elderly trauma patients. We aim to provide evidence-based guidelines for the management of geriatric trauma patients to improve it and reduce futile procedures. METHODS: Six working groups of expert acute care and trauma surgeons reviewed extensively the literature according to the topic and the PICO question assigned. Statements and recommendations were assessed according to the GRADE methodology and approved by a consensus of experts in the field at the 10th international congress of the WSES in 2023. RESULTS: The management of elderly trauma patients requires knowledge of ageing physiology, a focused triage, including drug history, frailty assessment, nutritional status, and early activation of trauma protocol to improve outcomes. Acute trauma pain in the elderly has to be managed in a multimodal analgesic approach, to avoid side effects of opioid use. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended in penetrating (abdominal, thoracic) trauma, in severely burned and in open fractures elderly patients to decrease septic complications. Antibiotics are not recommended in blunt trauma in the absence of signs of sepsis and septic shock. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis with LMWH or UFH should be administrated as soon as possible in high and moderate-risk elderly trauma patients according to the renal function, weight of the patient and bleeding risk. A palliative care team should be involved as soon as possible to discuss the end of life in a multidisciplinary approach considering the patients directives, family feelings and representatives desires, and all decisions should be shared. CONCLUSIONS: The management of elderly trauma patients requires knowledge of ageing physiology, a focused triage based on assessing frailty and early activation of trauma protocol to improve outcomes. Geriatric Intensive Care Units are needed to care for elderly and frail trauma patients in a multidisciplinary approach to decrease mortality and improve outcomes.
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- 2024
5. Frequency and predictors of complication clustering within 30 days of spinal fusion surgery: a study of children with neuromuscular scoliosis.
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Rajkumar, Sujay, Iyer, Rajiv, Stone, Lauren, Kelly, Michael, Plonsker, Jillian, Brandel, Michael, Gonda, David, Mazur, Marcus, Ikeda, Daniel, Lucas, Donald, Choi, Pamela, and Ravindra, Vijay
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Co-occurrence ,Complication ,Fusion ,National Surgical Quality Improvement Program ,Neuromuscular scoliosis ,Pediatric ,Spinal deformity ,Humans ,Spinal Fusion ,Scoliosis ,Child ,Adolescent ,Female ,Male ,Retrospective Studies ,Postoperative Complications ,Neuromuscular Diseases ,Risk Factors ,Time Factors ,Operative Time ,Pneumonia - Abstract
PURPOSE: There is limited information on the clustering or co-occurrence of complications after spinal fusion surgery for neuromuscular disease in children. We aimed to identify the frequency and predictive factors of co-occurring perioperative complications in these children. METHODS: In this retrospective database cohort study, we identified children (ages 10-18 years) with neuromuscular scoliosis who underwent elective spinal fusion in 2012-2020 from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric database. The rates of co-occurring complications within 30 days were calculated, and associated factors were identified by logistic regression analysis. Correlation between a number of complications and outcomes was assessed. RESULTS: Approximately 11% (709/6677 children with neuromuscular scoliosis undergoing spinal fusion had co-occurring complications: 7% experienced two complications and 4% experienced ≥ 3. The most common complication was bleeding/transfusion (80%), which most frequently co-occurred with pneumonia (24%) and reintubation (18%). Surgical time ≥ 400 min (odds ratio (OR) 1.49 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.75]), fusion ≥ 13 levels (1.42 [1.13-1.79]), and pelvic fixation (OR 1.21 [1.01, 1.44]) were identified as procedural factors that independently predicted concurrent complications. Clinical risk factors for co-occurring complications included an American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status classification ≥ 3 (1.73 [1.27-2.37]), structural pulmonary/airway abnormalities (1.24 [1.01-1.52]), impaired cognitive status (1.80 [1.41-2.30]), seizure disorder (1.36 [1.12-1.67]), hematologic disorder (1.40 [1.03-1.91], preoperative nutritional support (1.34 [1.08-1.72]), and congenital malformations (1.20 [1.01-1.44]). Preoperative tracheostomy was protective against concurrent complications (0.62 [0.43-0.89]). Significant correlations were found between number of complications and length of stay, non-home discharge, readmissions, and death. CONCLUSION: Longer surgical time (≥ 400 min), fusion ≥ 13 levels and pelvic fixation are surgical risk factors independently associated with co-occurring complications, which were associated with poorer patient outcomes. Recognizing identified nonmodifiable risk factors might also be important for preoperative planning and risk stratification of children with neuromuscular scoliosis requiring spinal fusion. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV evidence.
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- 2024
6. Disparities in indications and outcomes reporting for pediatric tethered cord surgery: The need for a standardized outcome assessment tool.
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Findlay, Matthew, Tenhoeve, Samuel, Terry, Skyler, Iyer, Rajiv, Brockmeyer, Douglas, Kelly, Michael, Kestle, John, Gonda, David, and Ravindra, Vijay
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Detethering ,Pediatrics ,Systematic review ,Tethered cord syndrome ,Humans ,Child ,Fecal Incontinence ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Treatment Outcome ,Urinary Incontinence ,Pain ,Outcome Assessment ,Health Care ,Neural Tube Defects ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
PURPOSE: Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is characterized by abnormal attachment of the spinal cord neural elements to surrounding tissues. The most common symptoms include pain, motor or sensory dysfunction, and urologic deficits. Although TCS is common in children, there is a significant heterogeneity in outcomes reporting. We systematically reviewed surgical indications and postoperative outcomes to assess the need for a grading/classification system. METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE searches identified pediatric TCS literature published between 1950 and 2023. Studies reporting surgical interventions, ≥ 6-month follow-up, and ≥ 5 patients were included. RESULTS: Fifty-five studies representing 3798 patients were included. The most commonly reported non-urologic symptoms were nonspecific lower-extremity motor disturbances (36.4% of studies), lower-extremity/back pain (32.7%), nonspecific lower-extremity sensory disturbances (29.1%), gait abnormalities (29.1%), and nonspecific bowel dysfunction/fecal incontinence (25.5%). Urologic symptoms were most commonly reported as nonspecific complaints (40.0%). After detethering surgery, retethering was the most widely reported non-urologic outcome (40.0%), followed by other nonspecific findings: motor deficits (32.7%), lower-extremity/back/perianal pain (18.2%), gait/ambulation function (18.2%), sensory deficits (12.7%), and bowel deficits/fecal incontinence (12.7%). Commonly reported urologic outcomes included nonspecific bladder/urinary deficits (27.3%), bladder capacity (20.0%), bladder compliance (18.2%), urinary incontinence/enuresis/neurogenic bladder (18.2%), and nonspecific urodynamics/urodynamics score change (16.4%). CONCLUSION: TCS surgical literature is highly variable regarding surgical indications and reporting of postsurgical outcomes. The lack of common data elements and consistent quantitative measures inhibits higher-level analysis. The development and validation of a standardized outcomes measurement tool-ideally encompassing both patient-reported outcome and objective measures-would significantly benefit future TCS research and surgical management.
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- 2024
7. Reconfigurable multiplex setup for high throughput electrical characterisation at cryogenic temperature
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Bian, Xinya, Joyce, Hannah J, Smith, Charles G, Kelly, Michael J, Briggs, G Andrew D, and Mol, Jan A
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
In this paper, we present a reconfigurable multiplex (MUX) setup that increases the throughput of electrical characterisation at cryogenic temperature. The setup separates the MUX circuitry from quantum device under test (qDUT), allowing qDUT chips to be exchanged easily and MUX chips to be reused. To interface with different types of qDUTs, board-level designs are incorporated to allow interconnects flexibly routed into different topology. MUXs are built based on a multiple level selective gating (MLSG) scheme, where the number of multiplexed output channels (interconnects) is exponentially dependent on the number of control lines. In the prototype setup presented in this paper, with 14 out of 44 existing wires from room temperature, 4 MUXs at cryogenic temperature can supply in total 128 interconnects to interface with qDUTs. We validate the MUX setup operation and assess the various limits existed by measuring k$\Omega$ resistors made of $\mu$m-size graphene ribbons. We further demonstrate the setup by performing charge transport measurement on 128 nm-size graphene quantum devices in a single cooling down.
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- 2024
8. Periodic orbit theory of Bethe-integrable quantum systems: an $N$-particle Berry-Tabor trace formula
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Urbina, Juan Diego, Kelly, Michael, and Richter, Klaus
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Quantum Physics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems - Abstract
One of the fundamental results of semiclassical theory is the existence of trace formulae showing how spectra of quantum mechanical systems emerge from massive interference among amplitudes related with time-periodic structures of the corresponding classical limit. If it displays the properties of Hamiltonian integrability, this connection is given by the celebrated Berry-Tabor trace formula, and the periodic structures it is built on are KAM tori supporting closed trajectories in phase space. Here we show how to extend this connection into the domain of quantum many-body systems displaying integrability in the sense of the Bethe ansatz, where a classical limit cannot be rigorously defined due to the presence of singular potentials. Formally following the original derivation of Berry and Tabor [1, 2], but applied to the Bethe equations without underlying classical structure, we obtain a many-particle trace formula for the density of states of N interacting bosons on a ring, the Lieb-Liniger model. Our semiclassical expressions are in excellent agreement with quantum mechanical results for $N$ = 2, 3 and 4 particles. For N = 2 we relate our results to the quantization of billiards with mixed boundary conditions. Our work paves the way towards the treatment of the important class of integrable many-body systems by means of semiclassical trace formulae pioneered by Michael Berry in the single-particle context., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the special issue honoring the scientific life of Michael Berry
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- 2024
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9. Gα13 restricts nutrient driven proliferation in mucosal germinal centers
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Nguyen, Hang T., Li, Moyi, Vadakath, Rahul, Henke, Keirstin A., Tran, Tam C., Li, Huifang, Yamadi, Maryam, Darbha, Sriranjani, Yang, Yandan, Kabat, Juraj, Albright, Anne R., Centeno, Enoc Granados, Phelan, James D., Roulland, Sandrine, Huang, Da Wei, Kelly, Michael C., Young, Ryan M., Pittaluga, Stefania, Difilippantonio, Simone, and Muppidi, Jagan R.
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- 2024
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10. Self-image in spinal deformity: a state-of-the-art review
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Stone, Lauren E., Sindewald, Ryan, and Kelly, Michael P.
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- 2024
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11. Valid consent in the acute hospital setting: perspectives of patients and members of the public
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Kovic, Živa, Kobua, Motheo, Fogarty, Mary, Donohoe, Claire L., Kelly, Michael E., Fitzmaurice, Gerard J., Fitzgerald, Mella, Zambra, Paul, Geary, Una, and Ward, Marie E.
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- 2024
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12. Primary closure versus vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap closure of perineal wound following abdominoperineal resection—a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Temperley, Hugo C., Shokuhi, Poorya, O’Sullivan, Niall J., Mac Curtain, Benjamin, Waters, Caitlin, Murray, Alannah, Buckley, Christina E., O’Neill, Maeve, Mehigan, Brian, McCormick, Paul H., Kelly, Michael E., and Larkin, John O.
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- 2024
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13. A comparative cohort study of surgical approaches for adult spinal deformity at a minimum 2-year follow-up
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Kazarian, Gregory S., Feuchtbaum, Eric, Bao, Hongda, Soroceanu, Alex, Kelly, Michael P., Kebaish, Khaled M., Shaffrey, Christopher I., Burton, Douglas C., Ames, Christopher P., Mundis, Gregory M., Bess, Shay, Klineberg, Eric O., Swamy, Ganesh, Schwab, Frank J., and Kim, Han Jo
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- 2024
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14. Which sagittal plane assessment method is most predictive of complications after adult spinal deformity surgery?
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Pizones, Javier, Hills, Jeffrey, Kelly, Michael, Yilgor, Caglar, Moreno-Manzanaro, Lucía, Perez-Grueso, Francisco Javier Sánchez, Kleinstück, Frank, Obeid, Ibrahim, Alanay, Ahmet, and Pellisé, Ferran
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- 2024
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15. Three-dimensional vertebral shape changes confirm growth modulation after anterior vertebral body tethering for idiopathic scoliosis
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Speirs, Joshua N., Parent, Stefan, Kelly, Michael, Upasani, Vidyadhar V., Petcharaporn, Maty, Bryan, Tracey P., and Newton, Peter O.
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- 2024
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16. Quantized conductance in split gate superconducting quantum point contacts with InGaAs semiconducting two-dimensional electron systems
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Delfanazari, Kaveh, Li, Jiahui, Xiong, Yusheng, Ma, Pengcheng, Puddy, Reuben K., Yi, Teng, Farrer, Ian, Komori, Sachio, Robinson, Jason W. A., Serra, Llorenc, Ritchie, David A., Kelly, Michael J., Joyce, Hannah J., and Smith, Charles G.
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Quantum Physics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Physics - Applied Physics - Abstract
Quantum point contact or QPC -- a constriction in a semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) electron system with a quantized conductance -- has been found as the building block of novel spintronic, and topological electronic circuits. They can also be used as readout electronic, charge sensor or switch in quantum nanocircuits. A short and impurity-free constriction with superconducting contacts is a Cooper pairs QPC analogue known as superconducting quantum point contact (SQPC). The technological development of such quantum devices has been prolonged due to the challenges of maintaining their geometrical requirement and near-unity superconductor-semiconductor interface transparency. Here, we develop advanced nanofabrication, material and device engineering techniques and report on an innovative realisation of nanoscale SQPC arrays with split gate technology in semiconducting 2D electron systems, exploiting the special gate tunability of the quantum wells, and report the first experimental observation of conductance quantization in hybrid InGaAs-Nb SQPCs. We observe reproducible quantized conductance at zero magnetic fields in multiple quantum nanodevices fabricated in a single chip and systematically investigate the quantum transport of SQPCs at low and high magnetic fields for their potential applications in quantum metrology, for extremely accurate voltage standards, and fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
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- 2023
17. Diagnostic Categories in Autobiographical Accounts of Illness
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Kelly, Michael P.
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- 2015
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18. Categorising and cohabiting: practices as the site of biosocial becoming
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Shove, Elizabeth, Blue, Stanley, and Kelly, Michael P.
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- 2024
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19. Repeatability and reproducibility of quantitative OCT angiography measurements from table-top and portable Flex Spectralis devices
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Ponugoti, Arathi, Ngo, Hoan, Stinnett, Sandra, Kelly, Michael P., and Vajzovic, Lejla
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- 2024
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20. Role of radiomics as a predictor of disease recurrence in ovarian cancer: a systematic review
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O’Sullivan, Niall J., Temperley, Hugo C., Horan, Michelle T., Kamran, Waseem, Corr, Alison, O’Gorman, Catherine, Saadeh, Feras, Meaney, James M., and Kelly, Michael E.
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- 2024
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21. 3D analysis of the preoperative deformity in AIS can be used to guide surgical treatment decisions for selective thoracic fusion
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Upasani, Vidyadhar V., Bartley, Carrie E., Bastrom, Tracey P., George, Stephen, Parent, Stefan, Kelly, Michael P., and Newton, Peter O.
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- 2024
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22. The Integration of Social, Behavioral, and Biological Mechanisms in Models of Pathogenesis
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Kelly, Michael P., Kelly, Rachel S., and Russo, Federica
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- 2015
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23. Large-scale on-chip integration of gate-voltage addressable hybrid superconductor-semiconductor quantum wells field effect nano-switch arrays
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Delfanazari, Kaveh, Li, Jiahui, Ma, Peng, Puddy, Reuben K., Yi, Teng, Xiong, Yusheng, Farrer, Ian, Komori, Sachio, Robinson, Jason, Ritchie, David A., Kelly, Michael J., Joyce, Hannah J., and Smith, Charles G.
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Quantum Physics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Stable, reproducible, scalable, addressable, and controllable hybrid superconductor-semiconductor (S-Sm) junctions and switches are key circuit elements and building blocks of gate-based quantum processors. The electrostatic field effect produced by the split gate voltages facilitates the realisation of nano-switches that can control the conductance or current in the hybrid S-Sm circuits based on 2D semiconducting electron systems. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a novel realisation of large-scale scalable, and gate voltage controllable hybrid field effect quantum chips. Each chip contains arrays of split gate field effect hybrid junctions, that work as conductance switches, and are made from In0.75Ga0.25As quantum wells integrated with Nb superconducting electronic circuits. Each hybrid junction in the chip can be controlled and addressed through its corresponding source-drain and two global split gate contact pads that allow switching between their (super)conducting and insulating states. We fabricate a total of 18 quantum chips with 144 field effect hybrid Nb- In0.75Ga0.25As 2DEG-Nb quantum wires and investigate the electrical response, switching voltage (on/off) statistics, quantum yield, and reproducibility of several devices at cryogenic temperatures. The proposed integrated quantum device architecture allows control of individual junctions in a large array on a chip useful for the development of emerging cryogenic nanoelectronics circuits and systems for their potential applications in fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
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- 2023
24. Amphiphilic Heterografted Molecular Bottlebrushes with Tertiary Amine‐Containing Side Chains as Efficient and Robust pH‐Responsive Emulsifiers
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Kelly, Michael T, Chen, Zhan, Russell, Thomas P, and Zhao, Bin
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Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry ,Chemical Sciences ,Interfacial Jamming ,Janus Structure ,Liquid-Liquid Interfaces ,Stimuli-Responsive Emulsions ,Surfactants ,Organic Chemistry ,Chemical sciences - Abstract
By combining the unique characteristics of molecular bottlebrushes (MBBs) and the properties of stimuli-responsive polymers, we show that MBBs with randomly grafted poly(n-butyl acrylate) and pH-responsive poly(2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDEAEMA) side chains are efficient and robust pH-responsive emulsifiers. Water-in-toluene emulsions were formed at pH 4.0 and disrupted by increasing the pH to 10.0. The emulsion generation and disruption was reversible over the ten cycles investigated, and the bottlebrushes remained intact. The exceptional emulsion stability stemmed from the high interfacial binding energy of MBBs, imparted by their large molecular size and Janus architecture at the interface, as evidenced by the interfacial jamming and wrinkling of the assemblies upon reducing the interfacial area. At pH 10.0, PDEAEMA became water-insoluble, and the MBBs desorbed from the interface, causing de-emulsification. Consequently, we have shown that the judicious design of MBBs can generate properties of particle emulsifiers from their large size, while the responsiveness of the MBBs enables more potential applications.
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- 2023
25. Cesena guidelines: WSES consensus statement on laparoscopic-first approach to general surgery emergencies and abdominal trauma.
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Sermonesi, Giacomo, Tian, Brian, Vallicelli, Carlo, Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Damaskos, Dimitris, Kelly, Michael, Leppäniemi, Ari, Galante, Joseph, Tan, Edward, Kirkpatrick, Andrew, Khokha, Vladimir, Romeo, Oreste, Chirica, Mircea, Pikoulis, Manos, Litvin, Andrey, Shelat, Vishal, Sakakushev, Boris, Wani, Imtiaz, Sall, Ibrahima, Fugazzola, Paola, Cicuttin, Enrico, Toro, Adriana, Amico, Francesco, Mas, Francesca, De Simone, Belinda, Sugrue, Michael, Bonavina, Luigi, Campanelli, Giampiero, Carcoforo, Paolo, Cobianchi, Lorenzo, Coccolini, Federico, Chiarugi, Massimo, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Di Saverio, Salomone, Podda, Mauro, Pisano, Michele, Sartelli, Massimo, Testini, Mario, Fette, Andreas, Rizoli, Sandro, Picetti, Edoardo, Weber, Dieter, Latifi, Rifat, Kluger, Yoram, Balogh, Zsolt, Biffl, Walter, Jeekel, Hans, Civil, Ian, Hecker, Andreas, Ansaloni, Luca, Bravi, Francesca, Agnoletti, Vanni, Beka, Solomon, Moore, Ernest, and Catena, Fausto
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Acute appendicitis ,Acute care surgery ,Acute cholecystitis ,Acute diverticulitis ,Acute pancreatitis ,Acute peritonitis ,Adhesive small bowel obstruction ,Colo–rectal emergencies ,Emergency general surgery ,Guidelines ,Incarcerated/complicated ventral/inguinal hernia ,Laparoscopic approach ,Laparoscopy ,Mesenteric ischemia ,Minimally invasive surgery/approach ,Penetrating/blunt abdominal trauma ,Perforated peptic ulcer ,Recommendations ,Trauma surgery hemodynamic stability ,Humans ,Emergencies ,Retrospective Studies ,Laparoscopy ,Abdomen ,Abdominal Injuries ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy is widely adopted across nearly all surgical subspecialties in the elective setting. Initially finding indication in minor abdominal emergencies, it has gradually become the standard approach in the majority of elective general surgery procedures. Despite many technological advances and increasing acceptance, the laparoscopic approach remains underutilized in emergency general surgery and in abdominal trauma. Emergency laparotomy continues to carry a high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, there has been a growing interest from emergency and trauma surgeons in adopting minimally invasive surgery approaches in the acute surgical setting. The present position paper, supported by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), aims to provide a review of the literature to reach a consensus on the indications and benefits of a laparoscopic-first approach in patients requiring emergency abdominal surgery for general surgery emergencies or abdominal trauma. METHODS: This position paper was developed according to the WSES methodology. A steering committee performed the literature review and drafted the position paper. An international panel of 54 experts then critically revised the manuscript and discussed it in detail, to develop a consensus on a position statement. RESULTS: A total of 323 studies (systematic review and meta-analysis, randomized clinical trial, retrospective comparative cohort studies, case series) have been selected from an initial pool of 7409 studies. Evidence demonstrates several benefits of the laparoscopic approach in stable patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery for general surgical emergencies or abdominal trauma. The selection of a stable patient seems to be of paramount importance for a safe adoption of a laparoscopic approach. In hemodynamically stable patients, the laparoscopic approach was found to be safe, feasible and effective as a therapeutic tool or helpful to identify further management steps and needs, resulting in improved outcomes, regardless of conversion. Appropriate patient selection, surgeon experience and rigorous minimally invasive surgical training, remain crucial factors to increase the adoption of laparoscopy in emergency general surgery and abdominal trauma. CONCLUSIONS: The WSES expert panel suggests laparoscopy as the first approach for stable patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery for general surgery emergencies and abdominal trauma.
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- 2023
26. Advancements in Superconducting Microwave Cavities and Qubits for Quantum Information Systems
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Krasnok, Alex, Dhakal, Pashupati, Fedorov, Arkady, Frigola, Pedro, Kelly, Michael, and Kutsaev, Sergey
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Quantum Physics ,Physics - Applied Physics - Abstract
Superconducting microwave cavities with ultra-high Q-factors are revolutionizing the field of quantum computing, offering long coherence times exceeding 1 ms, which is critical for realizing scalable multi-qubit quantum systems with low error rates. In this work, we provide an in-depth analysis of recent advances in ultra-high Q-factor cavities, integration of Josephson junction-based qubits, and bosonic-encoded qubits in 3D cavities. We examine the sources of quantum state dephasing caused by damping and noise mechanisms in cavities and qubits, highlighting the critical challenges that need to be addressed to achieve even higher coherence times. We critically survey the latest progress made in implementing single 3D qubits using superconducting materials, normal metals, and multi-qubit and multi-state quantum systems. Our work sheds light on the promising future of this research area, including novel materials for cavities and qubits, modes with nontrivial topological properties, error correction techniques for bosonic qubits, and new light-matter interaction effects.
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- 2023
27. ECLAPTE: Effective Closure of LAParoTomy in Emergency-2023 World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines for the closure of laparotomy in emergency settings.
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Frassini, Simone, Cobianchi, Lorenzo, Fugazzola, Paola, Biffl, Walter, Coccolini, Federico, Damaskos, Dimitrios, Moore, Ernest, Kluger, Yoram, Ceresoli, Marco, Coimbra, Raul, Davies, Justin, Kirkpatrick, Andrew, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Hardcastle, Timothy, Isik, Arda, Chiarugi, Massimo, Gurusamy, Kurinchi, Maier, Ronald, Segovia Lohse, Helmut, Jeekel, Hans, Boermeester, Marja, Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Inaba, Kenji, Weber, Dieter, Augustin, Goran, Bonavina, Luigi, Velmahos, George, Sartelli, Massimo, Di Saverio, Salomone, Ten Broek, Richard, Granieri, Stefano, Dal Mas, Francesca, Farè, Camilla, Peverada, Jacopo, Zanghì, Simone, Viganò, Jacopo, Tomasoni, Matteo, Dominioni, Tommaso, Cicuttin, Enrico, Hecker, Andreas, Tebala, Giovanni, Galante, Joseph, Wani, Imtiaz, Khokha, Vladimir, Sugrue, Michael, Scalea, Thomas, Tan, Edward, Malangoni, Mark, Pararas, Nikolaos, Podda, Mauro, De Simone, Belinda, Ivatury, Rao, Cui, Yunfeng, Kashuk, Jeffry, Peitzman, Andrew, Kim, Fernando, Pikoulis, Emmanouil, Sganga, Gabriele, Chiara, Osvaldo, Kelly, Michael, Marzi, Ingo, Picetti, Edoardo, Agnoletti, Vanni, DeAngelis, Nicola, Campanelli, Giampiero, de Moya, Marc, Litvin, Andrey, Martínez-Pérez, Aleix, Sall, Ibrahima, Rizoli, Sandro, Tomadze, Gia, Sakakushev, Boris, Stahel, Philip, Civil, Ian, Shelat, Vishal, Costa, David, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Latifi, Rifat, Chirica, Mircea, Amico, Francesco, Pardhan, Amyn, Seenarain, Vidya, Boyapati, Nikitha, Hatz, Basil, Ackermann, Travis, Abeyasundara, Sandun, Fenton, Linda, Plani, Frank, Sarvepalli, Rohit, Rouhbakhshfar, Omid, Caleo, Pamela, Ho-Ching Yau, Victor, Clement, Kristenne, Christou, Erasmia, Castillo, Ana, Gosal, Preet, Balasubramaniam, Sunder, Hsu, Jeremy, Banphawatanarak, Kamon, and Pisano, Michele
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Abdominal wall incision ,Closure technique ,Emergency ,Incisional hernia ,Laparotomy closure ,Midline incision ,Wound complications ,Wound dehiscence ,Humans ,Laparotomy ,Abdominal Wound Closure Techniques ,Suture Techniques ,Incisional Hernia ,Reoperation - Abstract
Laparotomy incisions provide easy and rapid access to the peritoneal cavity in case of emergency surgery. Incisional hernia (IH) is a late manifestation of the failure of abdominal wall closure and represents frequent complication of any abdominal incision: IHs can cause pain and discomfort to the patients but also clinical serious sequelae like bowel obstruction, incarceration, strangulation, and necessity of reoperation. Previous guidelines and indications in the literature consider elective settings and evidence about laparotomy closure in emergency settings is lacking. This paper aims to present the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) project called ECLAPTE (Effective Closure of LAParoTomy in Emergency): the final manuscript includes guidelines on the closure of emergency laparotomy.
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- 2023
28. Management of complicated diaphragmatic hernia in the acute setting: a WSES position paper.
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Giuffrida, Mario, Perrone, Gennaro, Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Agnoletti, Vanni, Ansaloni, Luca, Baiocchi, Gian, Bendinelli, Cino, Biffl, Walter, Bonavina, Luigi, Bravi, Francesca, Carcoforo, Paolo, Ceresoli, Marco, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Coccolini, Federico, Coimbra, Raul, deAngelis, Nicola, de Moya, Marc, De Simone, Belinda, Di Saverio, Salomone, Fraga, Gustavo, Ivatury, Rao, Kashuk, Jeffry, Kelly, Michael, Kirkpatrick, Andrew, Kluger, Yoram, Koike, Kaoru, Leppaniemi, Ari, Maier, Ronald, Moore, Ernest, Peitzmann, Andrew, Sakakushev, Boris, Sartelli, Massimo, Sugrue, Michael, Tian, Brian, Broek, Richard, Vallicelli, Carlo, Wani, Imtaz, Weber, Dieter, Docimo, Giovanni, Catena, Fausto, and Galante, Joseph
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Congenital ,Diaphragm hernia ,Emergency surgery ,Guidelines ,Rupture ,Trauma ,Humans ,Diaphragm ,Hernias ,Diaphragmatic ,Congenital ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed ,Thorax ,Hernia ,Hiatal ,Thoracic Injuries - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diaphragmatic hernia (DH) presenting acutely can be a potentially life-threatening condition. Its management continues to be debatable. METHODS: A bibliographic search using major databases was performed using the terms emergency surgery diaphragmatic hernia, traumatic diaphragmatic rupture and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. GRADE methodology was used to evaluate the evidence and give recommendations. RESULTS: CT scan of the chest and abdomen is the diagnostic gold standard to evaluate complicated DH. Appropriate preoperative assessment and prompt surgical intervention are important for a clinical success. Complicated DH repair is best performed via the use of biological and bioabsorbable meshes which have proven to reduce recurrence. The laparoscopic approach is the preferred technique in hemodynamically stable patients without significant comorbidities because it facilitates early diagnosis of small diaphragmatic injuries from traumatic wounds in the thoraco-abdominal area and reduces postoperative complications. Open surgery should be reserved for situations when skills and equipment for laparoscopy are not available, where exploratory laparotomy is needed, or if the patient is hemodynamically unstable. Damage Control Surgery is an option in the management of critical and unstable patients. CONCLUSIONS: Complicated diaphragmatic hernia is a rare life-threatening condition. CT scan of the chest and abdomen is the gold standard for diagnosing the diaphragmatic hernia. Laparoscopic repair is the best treatment option for stable patients with complicated diaphragmatic hernias. Open repair is considered necessary in majority of unstable patients in whom Damage Control Surgery can be life-saving.
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- 2023
29. The critical factors in producing high quality and policy-relevant research: insights from international behavioural science units
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Lecouturier, Jan, Vlaev, Ivo, Chadwick, Paul, Chater, Angel M., Kelly, Michael P., Goffe, Louis, Meyer, Carly, Tang, Mei Yee, Antonopoulou, Vivi, Graham, Fiona, and Sniehotta, Falko F.
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- 2024
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30. The tales of two cities: use of evidence for introducing 20 miles per hour speed limits in Edinburgh and Belfast (United Kingdom)
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Milton, Karen, Baker, Graham, Cleland, Claire L., Cope, Andy, Hunter, Ruth F., Jepson, Ruth, Kee, Frank, Kelly, Paul, Williams, Andrew J., and Kelly, Michael P.
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- 2024
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31. CAR T-cells targeting FGFR4 and CD276 simultaneously show potent antitumor effect against childhood rhabdomyosarcoma
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Tian, Meijie, Wei, Jun S., Cheuk, Adam Tai-Chi, Milewski, David, Zhang, Zhongmei, Kim, Yong Yean, Chou, Hsien-Chao, Liu, Can, Badr, Sherif, Pope, Eleanor G., Rahmy, Abdelrahman, Wu, Jerry T., Kelly, Michael C., Wen, Xinyu, and Khan, Javed
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- 2024
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32. Assessing circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) as a prognostic biomarker in locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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O’Sullivan, Niall J., Temperley, Hugo C., Kyle, Eimear T., Sweeney, Kevin J., O’Neill, Maeve, Gilham, Charles, O’Sullivan, Jacintha, O’Kane, Grainne, Mehigan, Brian, O’Toole, Sharon, Larkin, John, Gallagher, David, McCormick, Paul, and Kelly, Michael E.
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- 2024
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33. Evaluating postoperative hernia incidence and risk factors following pelvic exenteration
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Milanko, Nicole Anais, Kelly, Michael Eamon, Turner, Greg, Kong, Joeseph, Behrenbruch, Cori, Mohan, Helen, Guerra, Glen, Warrier, Satish, McCormick, Jacob, and Heriot, Alexander
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- 2024
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34. Effect of complete mesocolic excision (cme) on long-term survival after right colectomy for cancer: multivariate meta-analysis and restricted mean survival time estimation
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Aiolfi, Alberto, Bona, Davide, Rausa, Emanuele, Manara, Michele, Biondi, Antonio, Basile, Francesco, Campanelli, Giampiero, Kelly, Michael E., Bonitta, Gianluca, and Bonavina, Luigi
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- 2024
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35. Who gets staged surgery in severe pediatric and adolescent spine deformity?
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LaValva, Scott M., Swarup, Ishaan, Garg, Sumeet, Yaszay, Burt, Gupta, Munish C., Sucato, Daniel J., Kelly, Michael Patrick, Samdani, Amer, Lenke, Lawrence, Boachie, Oheneba, and Cahill, Patrick J.
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- 2024
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36. Radiological outcomes following open versus percutaneous fixation versus arthroscopically assisted percutaneous fixation of calcaneal fractures: a ten-year retrospective observational study
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Yeomans, Daniel, Lewis, Thomas L., Pearkes, Tim, Stone, Bradley, Hepple, Steve, Riddick, Andrew, Harries, William, Kelly, Michael, Winson, Ian, and Robinson, Peter
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- 2024
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37. Intraoperative neuromonitoring predicts postoperative deficits in severe pediatric spinal deformity patients
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Gupta, Munish C., Lenke, Lawrence G., Gupta, Sachin, Farooqi, Ali S., Boachie-Adjei, Oheneba, Erickson, Mark A., Newton, Peter O., Samdani, Amer F., Shah, Suken A., Shufflebarger, Harry L., Sponseller, Paul D., Sucato, Daniel J., and Kelly, Michael P.
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- 2024
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38. The 'lifeworld' of health and disease and the design of public health interventions
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Russo, Federica and Kelly, Michael P.
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- 2024
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39. Proximal junctional failure in primary thoracolumbar fusion/fixation to the sacrum/pelvis for adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis: long-term follow-up of a prospective multicenter cohort of 160 patients.
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Lazaro, Bruno, Sardi, Juan Pablo, Smith, Justin S, Kelly, Michael P, Yanik, Elizabeth L, Dial, Brian, Hills, Jeffrey, Gupta, Munish C, Baldus, Christine R, Yen, Chun Po, Lafage, Virginie, Ames, Christopher P, Bess, Shay, Schwab, Frank, Shaffrey, Christopher I, and Bridwell, Keith H
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Rehabilitation ,Clinical Research ,Neurosciences ,Humans ,Adult ,Female ,Infant ,Child ,Preschool ,Child ,Middle Aged ,Scoliosis ,Follow-Up Studies ,Sacrum ,Prospective Studies ,Kyphosis ,Spinal Fusion ,Pelvis ,Retrospective Studies ,Postoperative Complications ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,adult scoliosis ,complications ,proximal junctional failure ,proximal junctional kyphosis ,spinal alignment ,spine deformity ,spinal instrumentation ,spine surgery ,lumbar ,Orthopedics - Abstract
ObjectiveProximal junctional failure (PJF) is a severe form of proximal junctional kyphosis. Previous reports on PJF have been limited by heterogeneous cohorts and relatively short follow-ups. The authors' objectives herein were to identify risk factors for PJF and to assess its long-term incidence and revision rates in a homogeneous cohort.MethodsThe authors reviewed data from the Adult Symptomatic Lumbar Scoliosis 1 trial (ASLS-1), a National Institutes of Health-sponsored prospective multicenter study. Inclusion criteria were an age ≥ 40 years, ASLS (Cobb angle ≥ 30° and Oswestry Disability Index [ODI] ≥ 20 or Scoliosis Research Society revised 22-item questionnaire [SRS-22r] score ≤ 4.0 in pain, function, or self-image domains), and primary thoracolumbar fusion/fixation to the sacrum/pelvis of ≥ 7 levels. PJF was defined as a postoperative proximal junctional angle (PJA) change > 20°, fracture of the uppermost instrumented vertebra (UIV) or UIV+1 with > 20% vertebral height loss, spondylolisthesis of UIV/UIV+1 > 3 mm, or UIV screw dislodgment.ResultsOne hundred sixty patients (141 women) were included in this analysis and had a median age of 62 years and a mean follow-up of 4.3 years (range 0.1-6.1 years). Forty-six patients (28.8%) had PJF at a median of 0.92 years (IQR 0.14, 1.23 years) following surgery. Based on Kaplan-Meier analyses, PJF rates at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years were 14.4%, 21.9%, 25.9%, and 27.4%, respectively. On univariate analysis, PJF was associated with greater age (p = 0.0316), greater body mass index (BMI; p = 0.0319), worse baseline patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs; ODI, SRS-22r, and SF-12 Physical Component Summary [PCS]; all p < 0.04), the use of posterior column osteotomies (PCOs; p = 0.0039), and greater postoperative thoracic kyphosis (TK; p = 0.0031) and PJA (p < 0.001). The use of UIV hooks was protective against PJF (p = 0.0340). On regression analysis (without postoperative measures), PJF was associated with greater BMI (HR 1.077, 95% CI 1.007-1.153, p = 0.0317), lower preoperative PJA (HR 0.607, 95% CI 0.407-0.906, p = 0.0146), and greater preoperative TK (HR 1.362, 95% CI 1.082-1.715, p = 0.0085). Patients with PJF had worse PROMs at the last follow-up (ODI, SRS-22r subscore and self-image, and SF-12 PCS; p < 0.04). Sixteen PJF patients (34.8%) underwent revision, and PJF recurred in 3 (18.8%).ConclusionsAmong 160 primary ASLS patients with a median age of 62 years and predominant coronal deformity, the PJF rate was 28.8% at a mean 4.3-year follow-up, with a revision rate of 34.8%. On univariate analysis, PJF was associated with a greater age and BMI, worse baseline PROMs, the use of PCOs, and greater postoperative TK and PJA. The use of UIV hooks was protective against PJF. On multivariate analysis (without postoperative measures), a higher risk of PJF was associated with greater BMI and preoperative TK and lower preoperative PJA.
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- 2023
40. Rod fractures in thoracolumbar fusions to the sacrum/pelvis for adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis: long-term follow-up of a prospective, multicenter cohort of 160 patients.
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Sardi, Juan Pablo, Lazaro, Bruno, Smith, Justin S, Kelly, Michael P, Dial, Brian, Hills, Jeffrey, Yanik, Elizabeth L, Gupta, Munish, Baldus, Christine R, Yen, Chun Po, Lafage, Virginie, Ames, Christopher P, Bess, Shay, Schwab, Frank, Shaffrey, Christopher I, and Bridwell, Keith H
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Rehabilitation ,Patient Safety ,Prevention ,Musculoskeletal ,Humans ,Adult ,Middle Aged ,Scoliosis ,Follow-Up Studies ,Sacrum ,Prospective Studies ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,Thoracic Vertebrae ,Retrospective Studies ,Spinal Fusion ,Pelvis ,Treatment Outcome ,adult scoliosis ,spine deformity ,spinal alignment ,spinal instrumentation ,rod fracture ,spine surgery ,lumbar ,thoracic ,Neurosciences ,Orthopedics - Abstract
ObjectivePrevious reports of rod fracture (RF) in adult spinal deformity are limited by heterogeneous cohorts, low follow-up rates, and relatively short follow-up durations. Since the majority of RFs present > 2 years after surgery, true occurrence and revision rates remain unclear. The objectives of this study were to better understand the risk factors for RF and assess its occurrence and revision rates following primary thoracolumbar fusions to the sacrum/pelvis for adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis (ASLS) in a prospective series with long-term follow-up.MethodsPatient records were obtained from the Adult Symptomatic Lumbar Scoliosis-1 (ASLS-1) database, an NIH-sponsored multicenter, prospective study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: patients aged 40-80 years undergoing primary surgeries for ASLS (Cobb angle ≥ 30° and Oswestry Disability Index ≥ 20 or Scoliosis Research Society-22r ≤ 4.0 in pain, function, and/or self-image) with instrumented fusion of ≥ 7 levels that included the sacrum/pelvis. Patients with and without RF were compared to assess risk factors for RF and revision surgery.ResultsInclusion criteria were met by 160 patients (median age 62 years, IQR 55.7-67.9 years). At a median follow-up of 5.1 years (IQR 3.8-6.6 years), there were 92 RFs in 62 patients (38.8%). The median time to RF was 3.0 years (IQR 1.9-4.54 years), and 73% occurred > 2 years following surgery. Based on Kaplan-Meier analyses, estimated RF rates at 2, 4, 5, and 8 years after surgery were 11%, 24%, 35%, and 49%, respectively. Baseline radiographic, clinical, and demographic characteristics were similar between patients with and without RF. In Cox regression models, greater postoperative pelvic tilt (HR 1.895, 95% CI 1.196-3.002, p = 0.0065) and greater estimated blood loss (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.005-1.036, p = 0.0088) were associated with increased risk of RF. Thirty-eight patients (61% of all RFs) underwent revision surgery. Bilateral RF was predictive of revision surgery (HR 3.52, 95% CI 1.8-6.9, p = 0.0002), while patients with unilateral nondisplaced RFs were less likely to require revision (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18-0.84, p = 0.016).ConclusionsThis study provides what is to the authors' knowledge the highest-quality data to date on RF rates following ASLS surgery. At a median follow-up of 5.1 years, 38.8% of patients had at least one RF. Estimated RF rates at 2, 4, 5, and 8 years after surgery were 11%, 24%, 35%, and 49%, respectively. Greater estimated blood loss and postoperative pelvic tilt were significant risk factors for RF. These findings emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up to realize the true prevalence and cumulative incidence of RF.
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- 2023
41. Validation of Adult Spinal Deformity Surgical Outcome Prediction Tools in Adult Symptomatic Lumbar Scoliosis.
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Pellise, Ferran, Vila-Casademunt, Alba, Smith, Justin, Bess, Shay, Shaffrey, Christopher, Lenke, Lawrence, Serra-Burriel, Miquel, Bridwell, Keith, Wondra, James, Kelly, Michael, Greenberg, Jacob, Yanik, Elizabeth, and Ames, Christopher
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Adult ,Humans ,Quality of Life ,Retrospective Studies ,Scoliosis ,Spinal Fusion ,Treatment Outcome - Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: A post hoc analysis. OBJECTIVE: Advances in machine learning (ML) have led to tools offering individualized outcome predictions for adult spinal deformity (ASD). Our objective is to examine the properties of these ASD models in a cohort of adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis (ASLS) patients. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: ML algorithms produce patient-specific probabilities of outcomes, including major complication (MC), reoperation (RO), and readmission (RA) in ASD. External validation of these models is needed. METHODS: Thirty-nine predictive factors (12 demographic, 9 radiographic, 4 health-related quality of life, 14 surgical) were retrieved and entered into web-based prediction models for MC, unplanned RO, and hospital RA. Calculated probabilities were compared with actual event rates. Discrimination and calibration were analyzed using receiver operative characteristic area under the curve (where 0.5=chance, 1=perfect) and calibration curves (Brier scores, where 0.25=chance, 0=perfect). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals are reported. RESULTS: A total of 169 of 187 (90%) surgical patients completed 2-year follow up. The observed rate of MCs was 41.4% with model predictions ranging from 13% to 68% (mean: 38.7%). RO was 20.7% with model predictions ranging from 9% to 54% (mean: 30.1%). Hospital RA was 17.2% with model predictions ranging from 13% to 50% (mean: 28.5%). Model classification for all three outcome measures was better than chance for all [area under the curve=MC 0.6 (0.5-0.7), RA 0.6 (0.5-0.7), RO 0.6 (0.5-0.7)]. Calibration was better than chance for all, though best for RA and RO (Brier Score=MC 0.22, RA 0.16, RO 0.17). CONCLUSIONS: ASD prediction models for MC, RA, and RO performed better than chance in a cohort of adult lumbar scoliosis patients, though the homogeneity of ASLS affected calibration and accuracy. Optimization of models require samples with the breadth of outcomes (0%-100%), supporting the need for continued data collection as personalized prediction models may improve decision-making for the patient and surgeon alike.
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- 2023
42. A randomized pilot of eHealth mindful movement and breathing to improve gynecologic surgery outcomes.
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Wheeler, Amy, Kelly, Michael, Shalowitz, David, Danhauer, Suzanne, Sohl, Stephanie, Tooze, Janet, Levine, Beverly, and Zeidan, Fadel
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depression ,gynecologic surgery ,mindfulness ,pain ,yoga ,Humans ,Female ,Pilot Projects ,Yoga ,Mindfulness ,Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ,Quality of Life ,Feasibility Studies - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial of eHealth Mindful Movement and Breathing (eMMB) compared to an empathic attention control (AC). PARTICIPANTS: Women undergoing surgery for a suspected gynecologic malignancy. METHODS: eMMB is a brief yoga intervention delivered remotely during the perioperative timeframe. We assessed feasibility and participants completed assessments (baseline, weeks 2 and 4 postoperatively). We summarized feasibility, participant characteristics, and outcomes by intervention group and time. FINDINGS: Forty-three percent of eligible patients approached participated (n = 31). Adherence to the interventions was 77%. Percent of participants to complete outcomes was 81% at Week 2 and 84% at Week 4 (>70%; retention was the primary feasibility indicator). Average reductions in the primary outcome of pain intensity were larger in the eMMB group than AC group (Week 2 d = -0.38; Week 4 d = -0.46). IMPLICATIONS: This pilot study of eMMB supported feasibility and improvements in pain intensity that warrant a future efficacy study.
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- 2023
43. Prognostic value of pre-operative mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in colorectal cancer
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Shokuhi, Poorya, O’Sullivan, Niall J., Temperley, Hugo C., Russell, Thomas, McEntee, Philip D., Mehigan, Brian J., McCormick, Paul H., Gallagher, David, Gillham, Charles, Kennedy, John, Kelly, Michael E., and Larkin, John O.
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- 2023
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44. Tracheoesophageal fistula development following radiotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a patient with advanced follicular thyroid carcinoma: a case-based review
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S. Temperley, Tatiana, Temperley, Hugo C., O’Sullivan, Niall J., Corr, Alison, Brennan, Ian, Kelly, Michael E., and Prior, Lisa
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- 2023
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45. Sagittal spinal alignment varies with an individual’s race: results of the multi-ethnic alignment normative study (MEANS)
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Sardar, Zeeshan M., Kelly, Michael, Le Huec, Jean-Charles, Bourret, Stephane, Hasegawa, Kazuhiro, Wong, Hee-Kit, Liu, Gabriel, Hey, Hwee Weng Dennis, Riahi, Hend, and Lenke, Lawrence
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- 2023
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46. Acute mesenteric ischemia: updated guidelines of the World Society of Emergency Surgery.
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Bala, Miklosh, Catena, Fausto, Kashuk, Jeffry, De Simone, Belinda, Gomes, Carlos, Weber, Dieter, Sartelli, Massimo, Coccolini, Federico, Kluger, Yoram, Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Picetti, Edoardo, Ansaloni, Luca, Augustin, Goran, Biffl, Walter, Ceresoli, Marco, Chiara, Osvaldo, Chiarugi, Massimo, Coimbra, Raul, Cui, Yunfeng, Damaskos, Dimitris, Di Saverio, Salomone, Khokha, Vladimir, Kirkpatrick, Andrew, Inaba, Kenji, Leppäniemi, Ari, Litvin, Andrey, Peitzman, Andrew, Shelat, Vishal, Sugrue, Michael, Tolonen, Matti, Rizoli, Sandro, Sall, Ibrahima, Beka, Solomon, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Ten Broek, Richard, Mircea, Chirika, Tebala, Giovanni, Pisano, Michele, van Goor, Harry, Maier, Ronald, Jeekel, Hans, Civil, Ian, Hecker, Andreas, Tan, Edward, Soreide, Kjetil, Lee, Matthew, Wani, Imtiaz, Bonavina, Luigi, Malangoni, Mark, Koike, Kaoru, Velmahos, George, Fraga, Gustavo, Fette, Andreas, deAngelis, Nicola, Balogh, Zsolt, Scalea, Thomas, Sganga, Gabriele, Kelly, Michael, Khan, Jim, Stahel, Philip, Moore, Ernest, and Galante, Joseph
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Bowel ischemia ,Guidelines ,Mesenteric arterial occlusion ,Mesenteric artery stenting ,Mesenteric ischemia ,Recommendations ,World Society of Emergency Surgery ,Humans ,Mesenteric Ischemia ,Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion ,Endovascular Procedures ,Ischemia ,Intestines - Abstract
Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a group of diseases characterized by an interruption of the blood supply to varying portions of the intestine, leading to ischemia and secondary inflammatory changes. If untreated, this process may progress to life-threatening intestinal necrosis. The incidence is low, estimated at 0.09-0.2% of all acute surgical admissions, but increases with age. Although the entity is an uncommon cause of abdominal pain, diligence is required because if untreated, mortality remains in the range of 50%. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are the cornerstones of modern treatment to reduce the high mortality associated with this entity. The advent of endovascular approaches in parallel with modern imaging techniques is evolving and provides new treatment options. Lastly, a focused multidisciplinary approach based on early diagnosis and individualized treatment is essential. Thus, we believe that updated guidelines from World Society of Emergency Surgery are warranted, in order to provide the most recent and practical recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of AMI.
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- 2022
47. Patient-Reported Outcomes After Complex Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: 5-Year Results of the Scoli-Risk-1 Study
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Zuckerman, Scott L, Cerpa, Meghan, Lenke, Lawrence G, Shaffrey, Christopher I, Carreon, Leah Y, Cheung, Kenneth MC, Kelly, Michael P, Fehlings, Michael G, Ames, Christopher P, Boachie-Adjei, Oheneba, Dekutoski, Mark B, Kabeaish, Khaled M, Lewis, Stephen J, Matsuyama, Yukihiro, Pellisé, Ferran, Qiu, Yong, Schwab, Frank J, Smith, Justin S, and Group, AO Spine Knowledge Forum Deformity and SRS Scoli-RISK-1 Study
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Brain Disorders ,Good Health and Well Being ,adult spinal deformity ,patient reported outcomes ,deformity ,spinal deformity surgery ,adult idiopathic scoliosis ,AO Spine Knowledge Forum Deformity and SRS Scoli-RISK-1 Study Group ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
Study designProspective cohort.ObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate PROs up to 5-years after complex ASD surgery.MethodsThe Scoli-RISK-1 study enrolled 272 ASD patients undergoing surgery from 15 centers. Inclusion criteria was Cobb angle of >80°, corrective osteotomy for congenital or revision deformity, and/or 3-column osteotomy. The following PROs were measured prospectively at intervals up to 5-years postoperative: ODI, SF36-PCS/MCS, SRS-22, NRS back/leg. Among patients with 5-year follow-up, comparisons were made from both baseline and 2-years postoperative to 5-years postoperative. PROs were analyzed using mixed models for repeated measures.ResultsSeventy-seven patients (28.3%) had 5-year follow-up data. Comparing baseline to 5-year data among these 77 patients, significant improvement was seen in all PROs: ODI (45.2 vs. 29.3, P < 0.001), SF36-PCS (31.5 vs. 38.8, P < 0.001), SF36-MCS (44.9 vs. 49.1, P = 0.009), SRS-22-total (2.78 vs. 3.61, P < 0.001), NRS-back pain (5.70 vs. 2.95, P < 0.001) and NRS leg pain (3.64 vs. 2.62, P = 0.017). In the 2 to 5-year follow-up period, no significant changes were seen in any PROs. The percentage of patients achieving MCID from baseline to 5-years were: ODI (62.0%) and the SRS-22r domains of function (70.4%), pain (63.0%), mental health (37.5%), self-image (60.3%), and total (60.3%). Surprisingly, mean values (P > 0.05) and proportion achieving MCID did not differ significantly in patients with major surgery-related complications compared to those without.ConclusionsAfter complex ASD surgery, significant improvement in PROs were seen at 5-years postoperative in ODI, SF36-PCS/MCS, SRS-22r, and NRS-back/leg pain. No significant changes in PROs occurred during the 2 to 5-year postoperative period. Those with major surgery-related complications had similar PROs and proportion of patients achieving MCID as those without these complications.
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- 2022
48. Outcomes of Teacher Professional Development and Learning in Addressing Challenging Behaviour in Vietnamese Students with Intellectual Disability: A Pilot Study
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Pham, Thi Quynh Ni, Arthur-Kelly, Michael, Foggett, Judith, and Lyons, Gordon
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Challenging behaviour is a problematic issue for students with intellectual disability, including those in special education settings. While there is a need to address challenging behaviour in these schools, most Vietnamese classroom teachers struggle to deal with those behaviours due to their lack of effective strategies. In response, this first study was the initial part of a two-phase project that investigated the outcomes of professional development and learning for teachers and students in the Vietnamese context. The main purpose of this study was to pilot the design, research procedures, and instruments of the whole project. Participants were students with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour, and their teachers in Vietnamese special education settings. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected to determine the outcomes of the teacher professional development and learning program through changes in the perception, understanding, level of confidence, strategies of teachers in using Function-based Intervention as well as challenging and replacement behaviours of target students. Insights obtained from this study will help determine the direction of the second phase of the project.
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- 2023
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49. Toward the Improvement of Inclusive Education for Students with Disabilities via Online Intervention: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial in Australia
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Spong, Jo, Iacono, Teresa, Garcia-Melgar, Ana, Bagley, Kerryn, McKinstry, Carol, Hyett, Nerida, and Arthur-Kelly, Michael
- Abstract
Training key stakeholders in the design of reasonable adjustments for students with disabilities could promote collaboration and inclusion. We tested the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of online education (intervention) in designing reasonable adjustments by Victorian (Australian) parents and professionals (n = 31). Participants suggested reasonable adjustments for contrived students with varied needs to support their participation in described classroom activities. Data collected pre- and post-intervention, and, at follow-up, were rated across five dimensions: Authenticity, Agency, Real Learning, Strengths Based, and Inclusion. Analyses from 15 intervention and 14 control participants (10 parents, 10 teaching staff, and 9 allied health professionals) showed higher scores for Inclusion post-intervention for the intervention group. This difference was maintained at follow-up, generalized to a new contrived student scenario, and mostly attributable to parents. Online education may improve parents' contribution in the design of reasonable adjustments that promote inclusion. A larger study is warranted.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Postoperative pain management in non-traumatic emergency general surgery: WSES-GAIS-SIAARTI-AAST guidelines.
- Author
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Coccolini, Federico, Corradi, Francesco, Sartelli, Massimo, Coimbra, Raul, Kryvoruchko, Igor, Leppaniemi, Ari, Doklestic, Krstina, Bignami, Elena, Biancofiore, Giandomenico, Bala, Miklosh, Marco, Ceresoli, Damaskos, Dimitris, Biffl, Walt, Fugazzola, Paola, Santonastaso, Domenico, Agnoletti, Vanni, Sbarbaro, Catia, Nacoti, Mirco, Hardcastle, Timothy, Mariani, Diego, De Simone, Belinda, Tolonen, Matti, Ball, Chad, Podda, Mauro, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Di Saverio, Salomone, Navsaria, Pradeep, Bonavina, Luigi, Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Soreide, Kjetil, Fraga, Gustavo, Carvalho, Vanessa, Batista, Sergio, Hecker, Andreas, Cucchetti, Alessandro, Ercolani, Giorgio, Tartaglia, Dario, Wani, Imtiaz, Kurihara, Hayato, Tan, Edward, Litvin, Andrey, Melotti, Rita, Sganga, Gabriele, Zoro, Tamara, Isirdi, Alessandro, DeAngelis, Nicola, Weber, Dieter, Hodonou, Adrien, tenBroek, Richard, Parini, Dario, Khan, Jim, Sbrana, Giovanni, Coniglio, Carlo, Giarratano, Antonino, Gratarola, Angelo, Zaghi, Claudia, Romeo, Oreste, Kelly, Michael, Forfori, Francesco, Chiarugi, Massimo, Moore, Ernest, Catena, Fausto, Malbrain, Manu, and Galante, Joseph
- Subjects
Acute ,Emergency ,Morbidity ,Pain ,Surgery ,Treatment ,Abdomen ,Analgesics ,Anesthesia ,Humans ,Pain ,Postoperative ,Perioperative Care ,United States - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Non-traumatic emergency general surgery involves a heterogeneous population that may present with several underlying diseases. Timeous emergency surgical treatment should be supplemented with high-quality perioperative care, ideally performed by multidisciplinary teams trained to identify and handle complex postoperative courses. Uncontrolled or poorly controlled acute postoperative pain may result in significant complications. While pain management after elective surgery has been standardized in perioperative pathways, the traditional perioperative treatment of patients undergoing emergency surgery is often a haphazard practice. The present recommended pain management guidelines are for pain management after non-traumatic emergency surgical intervention. It is meant to provide clinicians a list of indications to prescribe the optimal analgesics even in the absence of a multidisciplinary pain team. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An international expert panel discussed the different issues in subsequent rounds. Four international recognized scientific societies: World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery (GAIS), Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia Intensive Care (SIAARTI), and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), endorsed the project and approved the final manuscript. CONCLUSION: Dealing with acute postoperative pain in the emergency abdominal surgery setting is complex, requires special attention, and should be multidisciplinary. Several tools are available, and their combination is mandatory whenever is possible. Analgesic approach to the various situations and conditions should be patient based and tailored according to procedure, pathology, age, response, and available expertise. A better understanding of the patho-mechanisms of postoperative pain for short- and long-term outcomes is necessary to improve prophylactic and treatment strategies.
- Published
- 2022
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