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Background: Robust research indicates that social support is negatively associated with depression and anxiety. Less work has investigated social support as a network of support across sources like parents and classmates. Past work suggests that sources of support have differential associations with internalizing outcomes. More work exploring the differential associations between each source along with the cumulative network of social support and internalizing symptoms is warranted. Objectives: In a sample of female adolescents, the current study explored: (1) what patterns of social support across sources emerged; and (2) how do depressive and anxiety symptoms vary based on those social support patterns? Method: The study utilized Latent Profile Analysis on a sample of female adolescents from four different high schools (N = 143) to identify patterns of social support across sources. Results: Parent support emerged as a unique, individual predictor of depressive symptoms. Five unique profiles of social support emerged. Profile membership was associated with reports of depression but not with reports of anxiety. Reports of depression differed by profile such that profiles with moderate support from most sources and low support from siblings had the highest levels of depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Social support is associated with symptoms of depression in female adolescents. The study highlights the importance of parent-child relationships for female adolescents and suggests that additional work on sibling support is warranted. The study promotes that the network of social support is an important factor to consider when researching associations between social support and internalizing outcomes.

Objectives: Oxymetazoline relieves nasal obstructive symptoms via vasoconstriction, however, the changes in nasal structures and aerodynamics that impact symptoms the most remain unclear. Methods: This prospective, longitudinal, and single blinded cohort study applied Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) modeling based on CT scans at baseline and post‐oxymetazoline on 13 consecutive patients with chronic nasal obstruction secondary to inferior turbinate hypertrophy from a tertiary medical center. To account for placebo effect, a sham saline spray was administered with subject blindfolded prior to oxymetazoline, with 30 min rest in between. Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) and unilateral Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of nasal obstructions were collected at baseline, after sham, and 30 min after oxymetazoline. Results: Both VAS and NOSE scores significantly improved from baseline to post‐oxymetazoline (NOSE: 62.3 ± 12.4 to 31.5 ± 22.5, p < 0.01; VAS: 5.27 ± 2.63 to 3.85 ± 2.59, p < 0.05), but not significantly from baseline to post‐sham. The anatomical effects of oxymetazoline were observed broadly throughout the entire length of the inferior and middle turbinates (p < 0.05). Among many variables that changed significantly post‐oxymetazoline, only decreased nasal resistance (spearman r = 0.4, p < 0.05), increased regional flow rates (r = −0.3 to −0.5, p < 0.05) and mucosal cooling heat flux (r = −0.42, p < 0.01) in the inferior but not middle turbinate regions, and nasal valve Wall Shear Stress (WSS r = −0.43, p < 0.05) strongly correlated with symptom improvement. Conclusion: Oxymetazoline broadly affects the inferior and middle turbinates, however, symptomatic improvement appears to be driven more by global nasal resistance and regional increases in airflow rate, mucosal cooling, and WSS, especially near the head of the inferior turbinate. Level of Evidence: 3: Well‐designed, prospective, single blinded cohort trial. Laryngoscope, 134:1100–1106, 2024 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Topical sinus irrigation plays a critical role in the management of sinonasal diseases. Yet, the penetration of irrigant to targeted sinuses may be highly variable and difficult to predict. Here, we investigate the use of 3D printing as a planning tool to optimize outcomes. Methods: Eight post-operative models were 3D printed with a FormLabs Form3 printer based on individual CT scans. Irrigations were performed and video recorded with a squeeze bottle attached via silicon water-tight seal, in 4 head positions: 45° to-the-side, 90° to-the-side, 45° forward and 45° to-the-side, and 90° forward, with irrigation fluid entering the upper (conventional) or lower (backfill) nostrils. Results: Significant individual variations were observed in sinus penetration as a function of head position. In general, the maxillary sinus was the easiest to irrigate in most head positions (P <.05), followed by frontal and ethmoid, with sphenoid being the most difficult. Both the 90°-to-the-side and the 90°-forward positions were significantly more effective than the others (P <.05), with 90°-forward better for frontal sinuses and 90°-to-the-side superior for all other sinuses. The backfill was significantly superior to conventional technique in head positions involving a side tilt (P <.05). Conclusion: Variations in technique and position significantly impacted irrigation outcome. Backfill irrigation that pushes fluid against gravity to pool around the ostium, seems to provide overall better outcomes. This study demonstrates the advantage of 3D printing as a rapid planning tool to guide irrigation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discussion of tearjerker romances and adolescent responses, particularly female responses, focuses on the recent movie "Titanic." Places the tearjerker romance in context with other works representing a wave of new romanticism and includes an annotated bibliography of tearjerkers in several genres appealing to adolescents. (LRW)

The clinical efficacy of low-dose (5-ppm) inhaled nitric oxide in patients with acute lung injury is evaluated. Inhaled nitric oxide at a dose of 5 ppm in patients with acute lung injury not due to sepsis and without evidence of nonpulumonary organ system dysfunction results in short-term oxygenation improvements, but has no substantial impact on the duration of ventilatory support or mortality.