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Author(s): Eleftherios Hetelekides [sup.1] , Adrian J. Bravo [sup.1] , Elizabeth Burgin [sup.2] , Michelle L. Kelley [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.264889.9, 0000 0001 1940 3051, Department of Psychological Sciences, [...], Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder associated with negative mental health problems. Rumination is a multifaceted cognitive process of uncontrollable thoughts similar to worry and is associated with greater severity of PTSD symptoms. Relationships between PTSD, rumination, and mental health problems have been identified in military and college student populations, but research comparing these associations across these populations is scarce. The present study compared relationships among PTSD, four facets of rumination (problem-focused, counterfactual, repetitive and anticipatory thoughts) and anxiety, depression and suicidality in military-affiliated personnel [mostly veterans] (n = 407) and non-military college students (n = 310). For both military and student samples, PTSD was significantly positively associated with each rumination facet and mental health outcome. PTSD â mental health outcome relationships were stronger among the military sample compared to student sample (no significant differences in PTSD â rumination facets associations). Additionally, the relationship between problem-focused ruminative thoughts and suicidality was stronger among the military sample compared to student sample. Although preliminary, our results support the utility of examining different facets of rumination as risk factors associated with PTSD and mental health problems and provide a potential target in clinical treatment. Future research may examine additional variables that may be related to the stronger effects of PTSD on suicidality seen in veterans compared to college students.

This article describes the collaborative journey of two elementary education instructors at a large metropolitan university in the Southeast Region of the United States as they transformed and developed an innovative, engaging, and meaningful assignment utilizing adult avatars in TeachLivE™ to simulate parent-teacher reading conferences. The process used and tools created are shared to allow for replication. Results and outcomes are provided using concrete examples to demonstrate how this experience improved their teaching and their pre-service teachers' parent conferencing skills.

This article describes the development and implementation of the Clinical Literacy Coaching Framework (CLCF) as a promising practice that was implemented in a large elementary school in the Southeastern part of the United States. The framework was implemented when the school was improving literacy instruction and student achievement. This article shares how a literacy coach used the CLCF, which includes adapted medical teaching practices and coaching rounds, to enact the roles of the literacy coach more effectively as defined by ILA's 2017 Standards. This article also explains how a literacy coach built leadership capacity in the school to support the implementation of the CLCF. Specific examples are shared throughout the article to illustrate the components of the CLCF, including how medical teaching practices with rounds can be used, and to allow for replication.

It is well documented that literacy coaches engage in a wide variety of tasks related and unrelated to their role. However, little is known about their efficacy beliefs related to performing these tasks. In this article we describe the development and initial testing of the Literacy Coaching Self-Efficacy Scale that was designed and created to assess K-12 literacy coaches' self-efficacy beliefs for coaching tasks. The items on the scale reflect our review of the International Literacy Association's 2017 standards for literacy coaches. Evidence of test content was examined based on review from experts in the fields of literacy coaching and self-efficacy. Validity evidence was explored through correlations with other previously established instruments. Exploratory factor analysis yielded three distinct factors and results indicated a high level of internal consistency. A summary of participant efficacy beliefs regarding coaching tasks are discussed, n = 100. The results of this study will support school districts, teacher preparation programs, and individual coaches to monitor beliefs related to performing literacy coaching tasks and provide insights into the tasks that a coach may need additional support to perform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the development and initial testing of the "Elementary Literacy Coach Self-Efficacy Survey", a new instrument designed and created to assess literacy coaches' efficacy for coaching-specific tasks. A synthesis of literature on literacy coaching tasks and experts in the coaching field were used to craft the "Elementary Literacy Coach Self-Efficacy Survey" items. Construct validity of the survey items was explored through correlation with other established instruments. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the survey yielding three factors. Results indicated a high level of internal consistency, and correlations and factor analyses supported the construct validity of the instrument. The results from this study allow researchers to better understand the beliefs of elementary literacy coaches regarding tasks specific to their roles as literacy coaches. Furthermore, the results provide direction for targeting professional development and training of elementary literacy coaches.

We examined whether institutional betrayal would be associated with minimization, or the tendency to downplay sexual assault. We then examined whether unit support and years in the military moderated the association between institutional betrayal from sexual assault and minimization associated with sexual assault among 158 (M = 32.54 years; SD = 8.53) military women. All participants endorsed sexual assault while in the military with a mean of 7.29 years (SD = 7.94) since their most distressing sexual assault experience. Institutional betrayal was negatively and significantly associated with minimization. Unit support significantly moderated the association between institutional betrayal attributed to sexual assault during the military and minimization of sexual assault. Specifically, at high levels of unit support the relationship between institutional betrayal and minimization was positive, whereas when unit support was low, this relationship was negative. Years of military service did not moderate the association between institutional betrayal and minimization. Military women who report high unit support may minimize sexual assault to continue to serve in the military and maintain unit cohesion and readiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helium atom scattering and density-functional theory (DFT) are used to characterize the phonon band structure of the (3 × 1)-O surface reconstruction of Nb(100). Innovative DFT calculations comparing surface phonons of bare Nb(100) to those of the oxide surface show increased resonances for the oxide, especially at higher energies. Calculated dispersion curves align well with experimental results and yield atomic displacements to characterize polarizations. Inelastic helium time-of-flight measurements show phonons with mixed longitudinal and shear-vertical displacements along both the ⟨ 1 ̄ 00 ⟩, Γ ̄ X ̄ and ⟨ 11 ̄ 0 ⟩, Γ ̄ M ̄ symmetry axes over the entire first surface Brillouin zone. Force constants calculated for bulk Nb, Nb(100), and the (3 × 1)-O Nb(100) reconstruction indicate much stronger responses from the oxide surface, particularly for the top few layers of niobium and oxygen atoms. Many of the strengthened bonds at the surface create the characteristic ladder structure, which passivates and stabilizes the surface. These results represent, to our knowledge, the first phonon dispersion data for the oxide surface and the first ab initio calculation of the oxide's surface phonons. This study supplies critical information for the further development of advanced materials for superconducting radiofrequency cavities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: According to the acquired preparedness model, personality traits, such as impulsivity, may influence the learning process, contributing to heightened expectations surrounding risky behaviors (i.e., alcohol use, sexual risk‐taking). As bisexual women demonstrate heightened risk for hazardous alcohol‐ and sex‐related behaviors, the present study examined a sequential pathway, whereby the relation between impulsivity and sexual risk‐taking is mediated through sex‐related alcohol expectancies and alcohol use. Methods: Data were collected from 225 self‐identified cisgender, bisexual women between the ages of 18 and 30 years (M = 22.77, SD = 3.45), who participated in an online survey. Participants reported on impulsivity, sex‐related alcohol expectancies, alcohol use, and experiences of sexual risk‐taking. Results: Results revealed that sex‐related alcohol expectancies and alcohol use sequentially mediated the relation between impulsivity and sexual risk‐taking. Thus, greater impulsivity was related to greater sexual risk‐taking through heightened sex‐related alcohol expectancies and elevated alcohol use. Discussion and Conclusions: Findings from this study highlight mechanisms associated with risky drinking and sexual behaviors among this at‐risk population. Such information could aid the development of more efficacious prevention and intervention programs aimed at reducing consequences associated with alcohol use and sexual risk‐taking among bisexual women. Scientific Significance: Bisexual women are at heightened risk for alcohol‐related problems, including sexual risk‐taking. Findings from the current study identify impulsivity and sex‐related alcohol expectancies as independent and integrative predictors of such risky behaviors. Incorporation of these constructs may aid in the development of more efficacious clinical methods aimed at bettering health outcomes among bisexual women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigators have called for mind-body practices and spiritual and religious approaches for the treatment of moral injury in veterans. Programs and interventions that use mindfulness, meditation, spirituality, prayer, and other techniques span different academic disciplines and can be difficult for investigators and clinicians to identify but are important for those who work with veterans with moral injury. This paper reports a review of a systematic search that identified 12 empirical studies from eight databases (i.e., PSYCInfo, PSYCArticles, PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, EBSCO Military & Government Collection, and CINAHL) that use mind-body interventions or religious or spiritual interventions for the treatment of moral injury in veterans. Most identified studies were uncontrolled and included small samples. Although many of the identified interventions need additional research to illustrate feasibility and efficacy, mind-body practices and/or spiritual or religious approaches may provide novel and important methods for treating veterans with moral injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bisexual women are an at-risk population for hazardous drinking. One factor contributing to their risk is binegativity (discrimination from heterosexual and lesbian/gay communities). Research has found a positive association between binegativity and alcohol use, but few studies have explored protective factors (bisexual identity affirmation, connectedness to bisexual community) that may buffer this relationship. Consequently, we examined the impact of bisexual identity and connectedness on the association between binegativity and alcohol use and problems. Participants were 225 self-identified young bisexual women 18 to 30 years old (M = 22.77, SD = 3.45) who reported heavy drinking at least once in the past month. Participants completed an online survey about their experiences of binegativity, alcohol use and problems, bisexual identity, and connectedness to the bisexual community. Results revealed that binegativity was positively associated with connectedness, but not bisexual identity. Binegativity was positively associated with alcohol use and alcohol problems, but moderation analyses revealed that neither identity nor connectedness impacted these associations. Thus, although binegativity was linked to greater alcohol use and problems, bisexual identity and connectedness did not serve as protective factors. It may be that bisexual women who are more "out" have a stronger connection to the bisexual community. However, they may experience greater external stigma within the sexual minoritized community due to their sexual attractions and relationships with both men and women. Future research is needed to identify other protective factors for the bisexual community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Author(s): Michelle L. Kelley [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Hilary G. Montano [sup.3] [sup.4] , Nick Lam [sup.1] , Monica Hernandez [sup.4] , Marinell M. Miller [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) 0000 [...], Using an actor-partner interdependence model, we examined whether veterans' posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) contributed to partners' drug abuse symptoms, whether partners' drug abuse symptoms contributed to intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration, and whether drug abuse symptoms mediated PTSS-IPV perpetration associations. Participants were recent-era veterans who participated in the Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center Post-Deployment Mental Health study. Veterans who took part at one site and their partners (N = 49 couples) completed a follow-up study in which drug abuse symptoms and IPV perpetration were assessed. Veterans' PTSS contributed to veterans' drug abuse symptoms. Veterans' drug abuse symptoms were associated with their IPV perpetration (i.e., an actor effect) and their partners' IPV perpetration (i.e., a crossover effect). Drug abuse symptoms mediated the association between veterans' PTSS and partners' reports of IPV perpetration. Findings suggest complex relationships between PTSS, drug abuse problems and IPV perpetration among these dyads.