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5. 2016 Billion-Ton Report: Advancing Domestic Resources for a Thriving Bioeconomy, Volume 1: Economic Availability of Feedstocks

Author

Craig C. Brandt, Maggie R. Davis, Brian Davison, Laurence M. Eaton, Rebecca Ann Efroymson, Michael R. Hilliard, Keith Kline, Matthew H. Langholtz, Aaron Myers, Shahabaddine Sokhansanj, Timothy J. Theiss, Anthony F. Turhollow, Jr, Erin Webb, Ian Bonner, Garold Gresham, J. Richard Hess, Patrick Lamers, Erin Searcy, Karen L. Abt, Marilyn A. Buford, Dennis P. Dykstra, Patrick D. Miles, Prakash Nepal, James H. Perdue, Kenneth E. Skog, David W. Archer, Harry S. Baumes, P. Daniel Cassidy, Kelly Novak, Rob Mitchell, Nicolas Andre, Burton C. English, Chad Hellwinckel, Lixia He Lambert, Jessica McCord, Timothy G. Rials, Robert C. Abt, Bryce J. Stokes, Art Wiselogel, Daniel Adams, Brandi Boykin, Jen Caul, Alaina Gallagher, Jared Largen, Megan Lucas, Borys Mar, Alicia Moulton, Kelsey Satalino, Garrett Shields, Vance Owens, Leonard R. Johnson, Chris Daly, Michael Halbleib, Jonathan Rogers, Ryan Davis, Anelia Milbrandt, Nathan Brown, Kristin C. Lewis, Andre Coleman, Corinne Drennan, Mark Wigmosta, Tim Volk, Susan Schoenung, and Wade Salverson

Subjects
Engineering, Volume (thermodynamics), Waste management, Natural resource economics, business.industry, Thriving, Ton, Raw material, business
Published
2016
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6. Biofuels: Effects on Land and Fire

Author

Keith Kline, Virginia Dale, and Peter Hawthorne

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, Land use, Agroforestry, Deforestation, Greenhouse gas, Global warming, Clearing, Climate change, Environmental science, Soil carbon, Carbon sequestration
Abstract

IN THEIR REPORTS IN THE 29 FEBRUARY ISSUE ('LAND CLEARING AND THE BIOFUEL CARBON debt,' J. Fargione et al., p. 1235, and 'Use of U.S. croplands for biofuels increases greenhouse gases through emissions from land-use change,' T. Searchinger et al., p. 1238), the authors do not provide adequate support for their claim that biofuels cause high emissions due to land-use change. The conclusions of both papers depend on the misleading premise that biofuel production causes forests and grasslands to be converted to agriculture. However, field research, including a meta-analysis of 152 case studies, consistently finds that land-use change and associated carbon emissions are driven by interactions among cultural, technological, biophysical, political, economic, and demographic forces within a spatial and temporal context rather than by a single crop market. Searchinger et al. assert that soybean prices accelerate clearing of rainforest based on a single citation for a study not designed to identify the causal factors of land clearing. The study analyzed satellite imagery from a single state in Brazil over a 4-year period and focused on land classification after deforestation. Satellite imagery can measure what changed but does little to tell us why. Similarly, Fargione et al. do not rely onmore » primary empirical studies of causes of land-use change. Furthermore, neither fire nor soil carbon sequestration was properly considered in the Reports. Fire's escalating contribution to global climate change is largely a result of burning in tropical savannas and forests. Searchinger et al. postulate that 10.8 million hectares could be needed for future biofuel, a fraction of the 250 to 400 million hectares burned each year between 2000 and 2005. By offering enhanced employment and incomes, biofuels can help establish economic stability and thus reduce the recurring use of fire on previously cleared land as well as pressures to clear more land. Neither Searchinger et al. nor Fargione et al. consider fire as an ongoing land-management tool. In addition, deep-rooted perennial biofuel feedstocks in the tropics could enhance soil carbon storage by 0.5 to 1 metric ton per hectare per year. An improved understanding of the forces behind land-use change leads to more favorable conclusions regarding the potential for biofuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.« less

Published
2008
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7. The Evaluation of a Voting Web Based Application

Author

Chandler Price, Linda Harley, Matthew Hung, Keith Kline, Carrie Bell, Jerry Ray, Brad Fain, and Andrew Baranak

Subjects
Ballot, business.industry, Computer science, Human–computer interaction, Voting, media_common.quotation_subject, Web application, Usability, business, CONTEST, media_common
Abstract

Ballot layout and the incorporation of assistive technologies into voting systems are plagued with inconsistencies across the United States. The purpose of this study was to evaluate both ballot layout display configuration (information density) and a variety of controllers (e.g., mouse, 2- or 5-button controller) in order to assess performance and preference among voters. Participants were presented with three mock ballots, each with different layouts (scrollable pages, multiple columns or multiple pages per contest). Eye-tracking data and selection time data were recorded and a usability questionnaire was administered after each testing condition. The results of the study found that participants preferred the multiple column display configuration and the use of the mouse. The results from this study will be leveraged to design an iPad Voting Application with appropriate interfaces and controls. This will allow individuals with disabilities the opportunity to vote without requiring the dexterity to use a paper and pencil ballot.

Published
2013
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8. Design of a Web-Based Voting Application

Author

Matthew Hung, Chandler Price, Linda Harley, W. Bradley Fain, Andrew Baranak, Carrie Bell, Jerry Ray, and Keith Kline

Subjects
Anti-plurality voting, business.industry, Computer science, Process (engineering), Interface (Java), media_common.quotation_subject, Internet privacy, Cardinal voting systems, Voting, Bullet voting, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY, Web application, business, media_common
Abstract

According to the U.S. Department of Defense, over 50,000 U.S. troops have been wounded during the recent and current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, many returning home with a range of conditions including traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, and polytrauma. These conditions can lead to impairments that cause difficulty with the voting process. Researchers at the Georgia Tech Research Institute have developed an accessible voting web application to serve as an exemplar of an accessible voting interface and to serve as a testbed to support research into ways to improve voting accessibility.

Published
2013
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9. ORNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program FY 2008 Annual Report

Author

Joanna McFarlane, Valmor de Almeida, Johney Green, Stuart Daw, Kalyan Chakravarthy, Sam Lewis, Scott Sluder, Bill Steele, Robert Wagner, Rolf Reitz, Gary Bell, Rick Battiste, Ralph Dinwiddie, Sam Sham, Panos Datskos, Nickolay Lavrik, Barton Smith, Viviane Schwartz, Costas Tsouris, Claus Daniel, Leon Tolbert, Madhu Chinthavali, Burak Ozpineci, Fran Li, John Kueck, Michael Starke, Hui Zhang, Yan Xu, David DePaoli, Alicia Compere, William Griffith, Chaitanya Narula, Arpad Vass, Luis Sanchez, Joel McDuffee, Jess Gehin, Randy Hobbs, Larry Ott, Lance Snead, Donald Spellman, Dennis Heatherly, Ronald Ellis, Kenneth Thoms, Sheng Dai, Huimin Luo, Gary Baker, Todd Toops, C. Britton, G. Alley, M. Ericson, R. Warmack, S. Retterer, Glenn Young, Bernadetta Srijanto, Chad Duty, Ron Ott, Philip Boudreaux, Adrian Sabau, Gerald Jellison, Curt Maxey, Keith Leonard, Biswajit Das, Volker Urban, Kunlun Hong, Phillip Britt, Jimmy Mays, Alexander Boeker, Miroslaw Gruszkiewicz, Ariel Chialvo, David Cole, Michael Simonson, Douglas Goeringer, Gary Van Berkel, Vilmos Kertesz, William Whitten, Robert Shaw, G. Stocks, Amit Goyal, Jianxin Zhong, Yanfei Gao, Albina Borisevich, Niels Jonge, Andrew Lupini, Stephen Pennycook, Gabriel Veith, Ho Lee, Matthew Chisholm, David Singh, Sergei Kalinin, Gilbert Brown, Ilia Ivanov, Stephen Jesse, David Hoelzer, James Bentley, Chong Fu, Michael Miller, Xingqiu Chen, Xun-Li Wang, Benjamin Hay, Jeremy Jackson, David Geohegan, Gernot Rother, Petro Maksymovych, Vincent Meunier, J. Wendelken, Zhenyu Zhang, Gyula Eres, M. Paranthaman, Baohua Gu, Wenguang Zhu, A. Buchanan III, Michelle Kidder, Reza Dabestani, Edward Hagaman, Minghu Pan, John Ankner, Mark Dadmun, S. Kilbey II, John Simpson, Nancy Dudney, Karren More, Ed Hagaman, Bob Shaw, De-en Jiang, Andrew Payzant, Edgar Lara-Curzio, Charles Collier, Seung-Yong Jung, Scott Retterer, Zhiyu Hu, Mark Buckner, Michael Moore, Michael Vann, Nageswara Rao, Lawrence MacIntryre, Miljko Bobrek, Benjamin Huey, Donald Bouldin, A. Qualls, B. Sumpter, S. Labinov, John Neal, Lynn Boatner, Slobodan Rajic, Mallikarjun Shankar, Yu Jiao, Ryan Kerekes, Rick Lusk, Thomas Potok, Timothy Rhyne, Vladimir Protopopescu, William Heller, Yiming Mo, Dean Myles, Greg Smith, Eugene Mamontov, Peter Cummings, Kenneth Herwig, Louis Santodonato, J. Ankner, J. Mays, J. Messman, D. Myles, B. Lokitz, Liyuan Liang, Wei Wang, Alex Johs, Hugh O’Neill, Edward Snell, Chris Tulk, Antonio Dos Santos, Jamie Molaison, Bryan Chakoumakos, Juske Horita, Dave Cole, Robert Welton, F. Baity, Richard Goulding, Andrew Christianson, Sheila Baker, Mark Lumsden, Stephen Nagler, Brian Sales, Thomas Schulthess, Thomas McManamy, Roy Crawford, Phillip Ferguson, James Janney, Mark Rennich, Leighton Coates, Flora Meilleur, Randy Fishman, Lee Robertson, Jian Shen, Wei-Ren Chen, Gregory Smith, William Goddard, Yi Liu, Yun Liu, Lionel Porcar, Pratul Agarwal, Edward Michaud III, Carmen Foster, Martin Keller, Zamin Yang, Amudhan Venkateswaran, Mircea Podar, Christopher Schadt, Steven Brown, Shihui Yang, Timothy Tschaplinski, Dale Pelletier, Gregory Hurst, Yunfeng Yang, Udaya Kalluri, Timothy McKnight, Jennifer Morrell-Falvey, Patricia Lankford, Sara Jawdy, A. Borole, Anthony Palumbo, Nance Ericson, Jeremy Smith, Elissa Chesler, Virginia Dale, Latha Baskaran, Budhendra Bhaduri, Robin Graham, Richard Middleton, Patrick Mulholland, Esther Parish, Alexandre Sorokine, Amy Wolfe, Thomas Wilbanks, Auroop Ganguly, Anthony King, David Erickson, Keith Kline, Sherry Wright, Hector Castro-Gonzalez, Marie De Graaff, Charles Garten III, Aimee Classen, Paul Hanson, Stan Wullschleger, Richard Norby, Kenneth Childs, Warren Thomas, Brynn Voy, Ram Datar, Olaf Storaasli, Edoardo Apra, Jerzy Bernholc, Robert Harrison, William Shelton, Bobby Sumpter, Sudharshan Vazhkudai, John Cobb, Xiaosong Ma, Stephen Scott, Hong Ong, Christian Engelmann, Geoffroy Vallee, Ricky Kendall, Ron Brightwell, Barney Maccabe, T. Schulthess, M. Eisenbach, D. Nicholson, X. Tao, C. Zhou, J. Levesque, Andrey Gorin, Nabeela Ahmad, Andrew Bordner, Jessie Gu, Guruprasad Kora, Chongle Pan, Byung-Hoon Park, Nagiza Samatova, Xiuping Tao, Edward Uberbacher, Kalyan Perumalla, Sudip Seal, Jeffrey Vetter, Srikanth Yoginath, Srdjan Simunovic, Phani Nukala, Kevin Clarno, Ian Gauld, Theodore Besmann, Charles Weber, Warren Grice, Ryan Bennink, Philip Evans, Travis Humble, David Bernholdt, Richard Barrett, Wael Elwasif, Aniruddha Shet, John Drake, J. White III, R. Archibald, J. Drake, K. Evans, D. Kothe, P. Worley, Jim Kohl, Doug Lepro, Dude Neergaard, Thomas Maier, Gonzalo Alvarez, Jeremy Meredith, Michael Summers, Mark Bannister, Robert Hettich, Charles Vane, Charles Havener, Herbert Krause, Michael Fogle, Jr., David Schultz, Robert Continetti, Mats Larsson, Richard Thomas, Mitchel Doktycz, David Allison, Thomas Thundat, Christopher Rey, Abhijeet Borole, Ali Passian, Yisong Wang, Yie Liu, Henry Lin, Boyd Evans, Siyang Zheng, Jason Fowlkes, Philip Rack, James Lee, Barbara Evans, Peter Reilly, Elias Greenbaum, Sylvia McLain, David Baker, Chengdu Liang, Jane Howe, Jun Xu, Radu Custelcean, Steve Overbury, Seth Cohen, Richard Ward, Kara Kruse, James Nutaro, Barbara Beckerman, Oscar Grandas, Xiaohui Cui, B. Radhakrishnan, X.-G. Zhang, An-Ping Li, N. Kulkarni, Shannon Mahurin, Meng-Dawn Cheng, David Gossage, Bruce Wilson, T. Yin, L. Gunter, Ken Littrell, Hassina Bilheux, D. Bjornstad, A. Wolfe, Jeff Warren, Timothy Bigelow, John Caughman, John McKeever, Philip Ryan, Matthew Scudiere, Gary Alley, Nagraj Kulkarni, Hsin Wang, Harry Meyer, Bala Radhakrishnan, Don Nicholson, Peter Todd, Kenneth Tobin, Vincent Paquit, Jeffery Price, John Jansen, Lonnie Love, Peter Lloyd, Christopher Mann, Philip Bingham, John Biggerstaff, Michael Zemel, Brian D’Urso, Randy Lind, Justin Baba, Seung Lee, S. Rajic, P. Datskos, Fernando Reboredo, Chengjun Sun, Xiaoguang Zhang, David Mandrus, C. Narula, M. Moses-DeBusk, A. Buchanan, C. Hsueh, P. Becher, C. Liu, John Wang, Narendra Dahotre, Seokho Kim, Peter Blau, Steve Pawel, Hans Christen, Joachim Schneibel, Michael Brady, Terry Tiegs, John Vitek, J. Horton, Ken Liu, Dan Naus, I. Wright, Lance. Snead, Thak Byun, Roger Miller, B. Bischoff, K. Adcock, Evan Ohriner, Donald Erdmann III, Katyayani Seal, James Haynes, Bruce Pint, Pengcheng Dai, Zheng Gai, Lifeng Yin, Y. Melnichenko, G. Wignall, D. Cole, A. Radlinski, M. Mastalerz, C. Alexander, R. Smithwick, L. Lewis, L. Boatner, Juan Ferrada, Jack Collins, Les Dole, Charles Forsberg, M. Haire, Rodney Hunt, Ben Lewis, Ray Wymer, Jennifer Ladd-Lively, Michael Hu, Lei Shao, Hatice Akkurt, Keith Eckerman, Ida Lee, Sotira Yiacoumi, Daniel Hollenbach, D. Dean, M. Ramsey-Musolf, Michael Smith, Eric Lingerfelt, Kim Buckner, and Caroline Nesaraja

Subjects
Engineering, Aeronautics, business.industry, Annual report, business
Published
2009
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10. Approaches to creating trust in sustainability of bioenergy through effective governance

Author

Inge Stupak, Tattersall Smith, C., Nicolas Clarke, Teodorita Al-saedi, Lina Beniušienė, Niclas Scott Bentsen, Quentin Cheung, Jinke van Dam, Virginia Dale, Rocio Diaz Chavez, Uwe Fritsche, Martyn Futter, Jianbang Gan, Kaija Hakala, Thomas Horschig, Martin Junginger, Yoko Kitigawa, Brian Kittler, Keith Kline, Charles Lalonde, Søren Larsen, Dagnija Lazdina, Mai-Moulin Thuy P.T., Maha Mansoor, Edmund Mupondwa, Shyam Nair, Nathaniel Newlands, Liviu Nichiforel, Marjo Palvainen, John Stanturf, Kay Schaubach, Johanny Arilexis Perez Sierra, Vita Tilvikiene, Brian Titus, Daniela Thrän, Sergio Utarte, Liisa Ukonmaanaho, Iveta Varnagirytė-Kabašinskienė, and Maria Wellisch

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