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197 results on '"Keisuke Tamura"'

1. XRISM Spectroscopy of the Fe Kα Emission Line in the Seyfert Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 4151 Reveals the Disk, Broad-line Region, and Torus

Author

XRISM Collaboration, Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Ralf Ballhausen, Aya Bamba, Ehud Behar, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Laura Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Lia Corrales, Elisa Costantini, Renata Cumbee, Maria Diaz Trigo, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Dominique Eckert, Teruaki Enoto, Satoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Ezoe, Adam Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yutaka Fujita, Yasushi Fukazawa, Kotaro Fukushima, Akihiro Furuzawa, Luigi Gallo, Javier A. García, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Natalie Hell, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Ann Hornschemeier, Yuto Ichinohe, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Jelle Kaastra, Timothy Kallman, Erin Kara, Satoru Katsuda, Yoshiaki Kanemaru, Richard Kelley, Caroline Kilbourne, Shunji Kitamoto, Shogo Kobayashi, Takayoshi Kohmura, Aya Kubota, Maurice Leutenegger, Michael Loewenstein, Yoshitomo Maeda, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, Dan McCammon, Brian McNamara, François Mernier, Eric D. Miller, Jon M. Miller, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Misaki Mizumoto, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Koji Mori, Koji Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Richard Mushotzky, Hiroshi Nakajima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Jan-Uwe Ness, Kumiko Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Shoji Ogawa, Anna Ogorzalek, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, Stephane Paltani, Robert Petre, Paul Plucinsky, Frederick S. Porter, Katja Pottschmidt, Kosuke Sato, Toshiki Sato, Makoto Sawada, Hiromi Seta, Megumi Shidatsu, Aurora Simionescu, Randall Smith, Hiromasa Suzuki, Andrew Szymkowiak, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Mai Takeo, Toru Tamagawa, Keisuke Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Atsushi Tanimoto, Makoto Tashiro, Yukikatsu Terada, Yuichi Terashima, Yohko Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takeshi Tsuru, Hiroyuki Uchida, Nagomi Uchida, Yuusuke Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shinichiro Uno, Jacco Vink, Shin Watanabe, Brian J. Williams, Satoshi Yamada, Shinya Yamada, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Noriko Yamasaki, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, Tomokage Yoneyama, Tessei Yoshida, Mihoko Yukita, Irina Zhuravleva, Xin Xiang, Takeo Minezaki, Margaret Buhariwalla, Dimitra Gerolymatou, and Scott Hagen

Subjects
High energy astrophysics, High-luminosity active galactic nuclei, Accretion, Astrophysical black holes, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present an analysis of the first two XRISM/Resolve spectra of the well-known Seyfert-1.5 active galactic nucleus (AGN) in NGC 4151, obtained in 2023 December. Our work focuses on the nature of the narrow Fe K _α emission line at 6.4 keV, the strongest and most common X-ray line observed in AGN. The total line is found to consist of three components. Even the narrowest component of the line is resolved with evident Fe K _α _,1 (6.404 keV) and K _α _,2 (6.391 keV) contributions in a 2:1 flux ratio, fully consistent with neutral gas with negligible bulk velocity. Subject to the limitations of our models, the narrowest and intermediate-width components are consistent with emission from optically thin gas, suggesting that they arise in a disk atmosphere and/or wind. Modeling the three line components in terms of Keplerian broadening, they are readily associated with (1) the inner wall of the “torus,” (2) the innermost optical “broad-line region” (or “X-ray BLR”), and (3) a region with a radius of r ≃ 100 GM / c ^2 that may signal a warp in the accretion disk. Viable alternative explanations of the broadest component include a fast-wind component and/or scattering; however, we find evidence of variability in the narrow Fe K _α line complex on timescales consistent with small radii. The best-fit models are statistically superior to simple Voigt functions, but when fit with Voigt profiles the time-averaged lines are consistent with a projected velocity broadening of FWHM $\,=\,{1600}_{-200}^{+400}\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}$ . Overall, the resolution and sensitivity of XRISM show that the narrow Fe K line in AGN is an effective probe of all key parts of the accretion flow, as it is currently understood. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of AGN accretion, future studies with XRISM, and X-ray-based black hole mass measurements.

Published
2024
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2. Handling Characteristics of Mems-Tweezers with Contact Surface Fabricated by Deep-Rie

Author

Satomitsu IMAI, Tadashi ISHIKAWA, Masakazu SATO, Hiroki SATO, and Keisuke TAMURA

Subjects
micro-mechanics, handling system, friction, surface roughness, deep-rie, bosch process, Engineering machinery, tools, and implements, TA213-215, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570
Abstract

Methods for enhancing the gripping ability of microtweezers are examined in terms of friction force. Two aspects are investigated experimentally. One is a method for increasing the coefficient of friction of the handling part of the microtweezers. We examined the effect of the etching time on the surface roughness of surfaces processed by the Bosch process and the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction increased with increasing etching time. The other aspect we investigated is the optimum handling force. In tweezers-based handling, it is not clear whether the friction force is proportional to the handling force in accordance with Coulomb's law of friction. We performed measurements and found that the friction force is approximately proportional to the handling force. Using this knowledge, the optimum handling force can easily be determined.

Published
2010
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3. Planning In-Flight Calibration for XRISM

Author

Eric D Miller, Makoto Sawada, Matteo Guainazzi, Aurora Simionescu, Maxim L Markevitch, Liyi Gu, Megan Eckart, Caroline Kilbourne, Maurice Leutenegger, F Scott Porter, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Cor de Vries, Takashi Okajima, Takayuki Hayashi, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Keisuke Tamura, Hionori Matsumoto, Koji Mori, Hiroshi Nakajima, Takaaki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Michael Loewenstein, Tahir Yaqoob, Marc Audard, Ehud Behar, Laura Brenneman, Lia Corrales, Renata Cumbee, Teruaki Enoto, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Yoshitomo Maeda, Paul Plucinsky, Katja Pottschmidt, Makoto Tashiro, Richard Kelley, Robert Petre, Brian Williams, and Hiroya Yamaguchi

Subjects
Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance
Abstract

The XRISM X-ray observatory will fly two advanced instruments, the Resolve high-resolution spectrometer and the Xtend wide-field imager. These instruments, particularly Resolve, pose calibration challenges due to the unprecedented combination of spectral resolution, spectral coverage, and effective area, combined with a need to characterize the imaging fidelity of the full instrument system to realize the mission’s ambitious science goals. We present the status of the XRISM in-flight calibration plan, building on lessons from Hitomi and other X-ray missions. We present a discussion of targets and observing strategies to address the needed calibration measurements, with a focus on developing methodologies to plan a thorough and flexible calibration campaign and provide insight on calibration systematic error. We also discuss observations that exploit Resolve’s spectral resolution to calibrate atomic codes, and cross-calibration between the XRISM instruments and with other observatories.

Published
2020
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5. Fine structure of the atomic scattering factors near the iridium L-edges

Author

Hisamitsu Awaki, Yoshitomo Maeda, Hironori Matsumoto, Marcos Bavdaz, Finn E. Christensen, Maximilien Collon, Desiree D. M. Ferreira, Kazunori Ishibashi, Sonny Massahi, Takuya Miyazawa, Sara Svendsen, and Keisuke Tamura

Subjects
X-ray absorption fine structure, Atomic scattering factors, Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, X-ray absorption near edge structure, Iridium, Instrumentation, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

We measured the reflectivity of an Athena silicon pore optics sample coated with 10-nm thick iridium near the iridium L-edges (L3 , L2, and L1) in a step of 1.5 eV. The derived atomic scattering factor f2 was similar to a shape of the absorption coefficient μ near L3 and L2 obtained by previous x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements. The fine structures of f2 of L3 and L2 can be represented by a strong sharp line referred to as a white line (WL) and two weak lines at center energies of ∼17 and ∼31 eV from each edge energy. The branching ratio (L3 / L2) of the WL is >2, which reflects the initial core-electron states available for the L2 (2p1/2) and L3 (2p3/2) processes, and the ratio remains high to the energy of +7 . 5 eV from WL. The fine structure seen in L1 also has two weak lines, which were seen in XAS at L1-edge. Our measurements near L3, L2, and L1 edges demonstrated a different technique to provide atomic structural information as XAS. The ground calibration to measure fine structures near the edges may potentially be simplified using f2 estimated based on μ.

Published
2022

6. Status of resolve instrument onboard x-ray imaging and spectroscopy mission (XRISM)

Author

Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Richard L. Kelley, Hisamitsu Awaki, Jesus C. Balleza, Kim R. Barnstable, Thomas G. Bialas, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Gregory V. Brown, Edgar R. Canavan, Renata S. Cumbee, Timothy M. Carnahan, Meng P. Chiao, Brian J. Comber, Elisa Costantini, Jan-Willem A. den Herder, Johannes Dercksen, Cor P. de Vries, Michael J. DiPirro, Megan E. Eckart, Yuichiro Ezoe, Carlo Ferrigno, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Nathalie Gorter, Steven M. Graham, Martin Grim, Leslie S. Hartz, Ryota Hayakawa, Takayuki Hayashi, Natalie Hell, Akio Hoshino, Yuto Ichinohe, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Bryan L. James, Steven J. Kenyon, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Mark O. Kimball, Shunji Kitamoto, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Yoshitomo Maeda, Dan McCammon, Joseph J. Miko, Misaki Mizumoto, Takashi Okajima, Atsushi Okamoto, Stephane Paltani, Frederick S. Porter, Kosuke Sato, Toshiki Sato, Makoto Sawada, Keisuke Shinozaki, Russell Shipman, Peter J. Shirron, Gary A. Sneiderman, Yang Soong, Richard Szymkiewicz, Andrew E. Szymkowiak, Yoh Takei, Keisuke Tamura, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Yuusuke Uchida, Stephen Wasserzug, Michael C. Witthoeft, Rob Wolfs, Shinya Yamada, and Susumu Yasuda

Published
2022

11. Electrodeposition simulation for fabricating Wolter mirrors of x-ray telescopes

Author

Tetsuo Kanoh, Takafumi Watanabe, Ayumu Takigawa, Keisuke Tamura, Hirokazu Hashizume, Naoki Ishida, Kentaro Hiraguri, Takehiro Kume, Gota Yamaguchi, Yusuke Matsuzawa, Takahiro Saito, Yoko Takeo, Hidekazu Mimura, Akinari Ito, and Ikuyuki Mitsuishi

Subjects
Fabrication, Materials science, business.industry, X-ray telescope, Cathode, Finite element method, law.invention, Optics, law, Electroforming, Boundary value problem, business, Current density, Image resolution
Abstract

Wolter mirrors work as imaging optics of X-ray telescopes. We have been developing a Wolter mirror for the FOXSI-4 project in 2023 using a high-precision Ni electroforming process. The figure accuracy of mirrors is one of the main factors determining the spatial resolution in X-ray imaging. In this study, we optimized the electrodeposition conditions from the viewpoint of the uniformity of film thickness. The simulation model was developed to correctly predict the film thickness distribution before fabrication, whose parameters and boundary conditions were determined through electrochemical experiments. The model calculates the distribution of current density on the surface of the cathode by finite element analysis. In this paper, we report the current status of the electroforming process specializing in Wolter mirrors in X-ray telescopes.

Published
2021

12. CREEP RUPTURE BEHAVIOR OF STEEL PLATE INSERTION TYPE DRIFT PIN JOINT

Author

Keisuke Tamura, Takahumi Nakagawa, Shoichi Nakajima, and Shiro Nakajima

Subjects
Thesaurus (information retrieval), Creep, Computer science, business.industry, Architecture, Building and Construction, Structural engineering, Revolute joint, business
Published
2019

13. XL-Calibur: the next-generation balloon-borne hard x-ray polarimeter

Author

Richard Bose, G. E. Simburger, Hiromitsu Takahashi, David Kotsifakis, Felix Ryde, Takuya Miyazawa, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takao Kitaguchi, Yuusuke Uchida, David Stuchlik, Takashi Okajima, Andrew West, Sean Spooner, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Brett Vincent, John W. Elliot, Ryuya Yamamoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Taisei Mineta, Fumiya Imazato, Mark Pearce, Paul Dowkontt, Nagomi Uchida, Theodor-Adrian Stana, Gianluigi De Geronimo, Manabu Ishida, Kazunori Ishibashi, Yoshitomo Maeda, Akihiro Furuzawa, Chris Purdy, Kengo Hattori, Chris Shreeves, Kenny E. Hall, Teruaki Enoto, Yuto Yoshida, Errando Manel, Keon D. Harmon, Carl Snow, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Hisamitsu Awaki, Keisuke Tamura, Nozomi Nakaniwa, Matthew G. Baring, Lindsey Lisalda, Arman Hossen, Ephraim Gau, Keisuke Uchiyama, Mózsi Kiss, Hironori Matsumoto, Shuichi Gunji, James Lanzi, Izabella Pastrani, Dana Braun, Mai Takeo, Brian Rauch, Nirmal Iyer, Yoshitaka Saito, Quincy Abarr, Hiroto Matake, Toru Tamagawa, Eric A. Wulf, Fabian Kislat, Tomoshi Takeda, Zachary Peterson, Victor Guarino, Thomas Gadson, Henric Krawczynski, and Scott Heatwole

Subjects
Physics, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Linear polarization, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polarimetry, Compton scattering, Polarimeter, Polarization (waves), law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, business
Abstract

This paper introduces a second-generation balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimetry mission, XL-Calibur. X-ray polarimetry promises to give qualitatively new information about high-energy astrophysical sources, such as pulsars and binary black hole systems. The XL-Calibur contains a grazing incidence X-ray telescope with a focal plane detector unit that is sensitive to linear polarization. The telescope is very similar in design to the ASTRO-H HXT telescopes that has the world’s largest effective area above ~10 keV. The detector unit combines a low atomic number Compton scatterer with a CdZnTe detector assembly to measure the polarization making use of the fact that polarized photons Compton scatter preferentially perpendicular to the electric field orientation. It also contains a CdZnTe imager at the bottom. The detector assembly is surrounded by the improved anti-coincidence shielding, giving a better sensitivity. The pointing system with arcsecond accuracy will be achieved.

Published
2021

14. Measuring the atomic scattering factors near the iridium L-edges for the Athena silicon pore optics reflector

Author

Hisamitsu, Awaki, Yoshitomo, Maeda, Hironori, Matsumoto, Sara, Svendsen, Marcos, Bavdaz, Maximilien, Collon, Kazunori, Asakura, Finn E., Christensen, Desiree D. M., Ferreira, Matteo, Guainazzi, Masato, Hoshino, Shuntaro, Ide, Kazunori, Ishibashi, Wansu, Kan, Sonny, Massahi, Takuya, Miyazawa, Sadayuki, Shimizu, Brian, Shortt, Yusuke, Takehara, Keisuke, Tamura, Kentaro, Uesugi, Richard, Willingale, Tomokage, Yoneyama, Atsushi, Yoshida, Hisamitsu, Awaki, Yoshitomo, Maeda, Hironori, Matsumoto, Sara, Svendsen, Marcos, Bavdaz, Maximilien, Collon, Kazunori, Asakura, Finn E., Christensen, Desiree D. M., Ferreira, Matteo, Guainazzi, Masato, Hoshino, Shuntaro, Ide, Kazunori, Ishibashi, Wansu, Kan, Sonny, Massahi, Takuya, Miyazawa, Sadayuki, Shimizu, Brian, Shortt, Yusuke, Takehara, Keisuke, Tamura, Kentaro, Uesugi, Richard, Willingale, Tomokage, Yoneyama, and Atsushi, Yoshida

Abstract

Athena, a future high-energy mission, is expected to consist of a large aperture x-ray mirror with a focal length of 12 m. The mirror surface is to be coated with iridium and a low Z overcoat. To define the effective area of the x-ray telescope, the atomic scattering factors of iridium with an energy resolution less than that (2.5 eV) of the x-ray integral field unit are needed. We measured the reflectance of the silicon pore optics mirror plate coated with iridium in the energy range of 9 to 15 keV and that near the iridium L-edges in steps of 10 and 1.5 eV, respectively, at the synchrotron beamline SPring-8. The L3, L2, and L1 edges were clearly detected around 11,215, 12,824, and 13,428 eV, respectively. The measured scattering factors were ∼3 % smaller than the corresponding values reported by Henke et al., likely due to the presence of an overlayer on the iridium coating, and were consistent with those measured by Graessle et al. The angular dependence of the reflectivity measured indicates that the iridium surface was extremely smooth, with a surface roughness of 0.3 nm., source:https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/Journal-of-Astronomical-Telescopes-Instruments-and-Systems/volume-7/issue-01/014001/Measuring-the-atomic-scattering-factors-near-the-iridium-L-edges/10.1117/1.JATIS.7.1.014001.full?SSO=1

Published
2021

15. Current status of the x-ray mirror for the XL-Calibur experiment

Author

Paul Dowkontt, Takao Kitaguchi, Teruaki Enoto, Thomas Gadson, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Rakhee Kushwah, Keisuke Tamura, Scott E. Heatwole, Yoshitomo Maeda, Manel Errando, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Kengo Hattori, Andrew West, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Yasushi Fukazawa, Dana Braun, Hisamitsu Awaki, Richard Bose, Brian Rauch, Shuichi Gunji, Hironori Matsumoto, Nozomi Nakaniwa, Lindsey Lisalda, Nirmal Iyer, Takuya Miyazawa, Quincy Abarr, Hirofumi Noda, Gianluigi De Geronimo, Victor Guarino, Manabu Ishida, Takashi Okajima, Kazumi Uchida, Shaorui Li, Zachary Peterson, Fabian Kislat, David Stuchlik, Mai Takeo, Henric Krawczynski, Mózsi Kiss, Mark Pearce, James Lanzi, Toru Tamagawa, and Shuntaro Ide

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Antenna aperture, Polarimetry, X-ray optics, Bragg's law, Astronomical survey, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Coaxial, Focus (optics), business
Abstract

XL-Calibur is a balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimetry mission, the first flight of which is currently foreseen for 2021. XL-Calibur carries an X-ray telescope consists of consists of 213 Wolter I grazing-incidence mirrors which are nested in a coaxial and cofocal configuration. The optics design is nearly identical to the Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) on board the ASTRO-H satellite. The telescope was originally fabricated for the Formation Flying Astronomical Survey Telescope (FFAST) project. However, the telescope can be used for XL-Calibur, since the FFAST project was terminated before completion. The mirror surfaces are coated with Pt/C depth-graded multilayers to reflect hard X-rays above 10 keV by Bragg reflection. The effective area of the telescope is larger than 300 cm^2 at 30 keV. The mirrors are supported by alignment bars in the housing, and each of the bars has a series of 213 grooves to hold the mirrors. To obtain the best focus of the optics, the positions of the mirrors have to be adjusted by tuning the positions of the alignment bars. The tuning of the mirror positions is conducted using the X-ray beam at the synchrotron facility SPring-8 BL20B2, and this process is called optical tuning. First the positions of the second reflectors are tuned, and then those of the first reflectors are tuned. We did the first optical tuning in Jan 2020. The second tuning will be planned between April to July, 2020. This paper reports the current status of the hard X-ray telescope for XL-Calibur.

Published
2020

16. High-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission: HiZ-GUNDAM

Author

Yujin E. Nakagawa, Miku Kurimata, Yoshitomo Maeda, Jin Li, Yudai Suwa, Tomoya Kinugawa, Norio Narita, Naoki Ogino, Tatehiro Mihara, Yoichi Yatsu, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Satoshi Sugita, Yuu Niino, Toru Tanimori, Takaaki Tanaka, Teruaki Enoto, Shunsuke Kurosawa, Shigehiro Nagataki, Masaomi Tanaka, Kohji Tsumura, Akihiro Miyasaka, Nobuyuki Kawai, Makoto Yamauchi, Jin Matsumoto, Yoshikatsu Kawata, Keisuke Tamura, Akira Mizuta, Ayumi Yamamoto, T. Sakamoto, Hidehiro Kaneda, Junko S. Hiraga, Hatsune Goto, Kohta Murase, Motoko Serino, Kunihito Ioka, Makoto Arimoto, Hideyuki Izumiura, Masanori Ohno, Akihiko Fukui, Atsumasa Yoshida, Akihiro Doi, Hirotaka Ito, Keitaro Takahashi, Makoto Tashiro, Kenta Kiuchi, Michitoshi Yoshida, Akisato Ohashi, Shuichi Gunji, Kei Sano, Shuji Matsuura, Daito Yuhi, Hirokazu Ikeda, Hiroshi Akitaya, Koji S. Kawabata, Daisuke Yonetoku, Yoshifusa Ita, Hikaru Yamaguchi, Hiroki Nagakura, Yoshikazu Nakada, Takashi Nakamura, Takeru Fujii, Tomonori Totani, Hirofumi Okita, Kensyo Sei, Yusuke Amaya, Tatsuya Sawano, Katsuaki Asano, Kenshi Yanagisawa, Hyeongsoon Wang, Yuji Urata, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Tomohiro Yamaguchi, Norita Kawanaka, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Toshio Murakami, Ryo Yamazaki, Kentaro Motohara, Toru Tamagawa, Takehiko Wada, Susumu Inoue, Shota Kisaka, Kenji Toma, Kohei Inayoshi, Toshio Matsumoto, Takahiro Tanaka, Hirofumi Noda, and Hiroshi Tomida

Subjects
Physics, Telescope, law, Payload, Dark Ages, Astronomy, Steradian, Satellite, Field of view, Gamma-ray burst, Redshift, law.invention
Abstract

HiZ-GUNDAM is a future satellite mission which will lead the time-domain astronomy and the multi-messenger astronomy through observations of high-energy transient phenomena. A mission concept of HiZ-GUNDAM was approved by ISAS/JAXA, and it is one of the future satellite candidates of JAXA’s medium-class mission. We are in pre-phase A (before pre-project) and elaborating the mission concept, mission/system requirements for the launch in the late 2020s. The main themes of HiZ-GUNDAM mission are (1) exploration of the early universe with high-redshift gamma-ray bursts, and (2) contribution to the multi-messenger astronomy. HiZ-GUNDAM has two kinds of mission payload. The wide field X-ray monitors consist of Lobster Eye optics array and focal imaging sensor, and monitor ~1 steradian field of view in 0.5 – 4 keV energy range. The near infrared telescope has an aperture size 30 cm in diameter, and simultaneously observes four wavelength bands between 0.5 – 2.5 μm. In this paper, we introduce the mission overview of HiZ-GUNDAM.

Published
2020

17. Advanced fabrication technologies for ultraprecise replicated mirrors for x-ray telescopes

Author

Hirokazu Hashizume, Gota Yamaguchi, Yusuke Matsuzawa, Takehiro Kume, Yoko Takeo, Kenji Tachibana, Takahiro Saito, Ayumu Takigawa, Hidekazu Mimura, Kentarou Hiraguri, Yusuke Takehara, Tetsuo Kanoh, Akinari Ito, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, and Keisuke Tamura

Subjects
Figuring, Mandrel, Materials science, Optics, Fabrication, business.industry, Electroforming, Replication Error, Synchrotron radiation, X-ray telescope, business
Abstract

For many years, Wolter mirrors have been used as imaging elements in X-ray telescopes. The shape error of Wolter mirrors fabricated by replicating the shape of a mandrel originates from the replication error in electroforming. We have been developing an X-ray focusing mirror for synchrotron radiation X-rays, as well as a high-precision electroforming process. In this paper, we report on the application of the advanced electroforming process to the fabrication of Wolter mirrors for the FOXSI Sun observation project. We also discuss the figuring accuracy of the mandrel.

Published
2020

18. Development of precise electroformed Wolter mirror for X-ray astronomy

Author

Gota Yamaguchi, Yoichi Imamura, Kenji Tachibana, Hirokazu Hashizume, Yoko Takeo, Yusuke Takehara, Yusuke Matsuzawa, Hiroaki Miyashita, Ayumu Takigawa, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Hidekazu Mimura, Tetsuo Kanoh, Takehiro Kume, Keisuke Tamura, and Kentaro Hiraguri

Subjects
X-ray astronomy, Engineering, Optics, business.industry, law, Electroforming, Replication Process, X-ray optics, X-ray telescope, Replication (microscopy), business, Synchrotron, law.invention
Abstract

Electroforming replication is an essential technique for fabricating full-shell, grazing-incidence mirrors for use in space, laboratories, and synchrotron experiments. For X-ray astronomy, a nickel electroforming replication process was developed and is used to produce lightweight and high-resolution X-ray mirrors. In addition, the electroforming process for fabricating X-ray mirrors for use in synchrotron experiments has undergone remarkable development over the past decade. We expect that the use of the ground-based electroforming replication process for the production of optics for Xray astronomy will lead to further improvements in the performance of X-ray telescopes. This paper describes our ongoing development efforts in the nickel-electroforming replication process, including the results of a pilot study.

Published
2020

19. Crystal structure of a glycoside hydrolase family 68 β-fructosyltransferase from

Author

Takashi, Tonozuka, Junichi, Kitamura, Mika, Nagaya, Reika, Kawai, Atsushi, Nishikawa, Katsuaki, Hirano, Keisuke, Tamura, Tadashi, Fujii, and Takumi, Tochio

Subjects
Models, Molecular, Structure-Activity Relationship, Glycoside Hydrolases, Beijerinckiaceae, Mutagenesis, Protein Conformation, Amino Acid Sequence, Fructose, Crystallography, X-Ray
Abstract

An enzyme belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 68 (GH68) from

Published
2020

20. Crystal structure of a glycoside hydrolase family 68 β-fructosyltransferase from Beijerinckia indica subsp. indica in complex with fructose

Author

Mika Nagaya, Keisuke Tamura, Takashi Tonozuka, Reika Kawai, Atsushi Nishikawa, Katsuaki Hirano, Tadashi Fujii, Junichi Kitamura, and Takumi Tochio

Subjects
Stereochemistry, Crystal structure, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, medicine, Glycoside hydrolase, Crystallization, Molecular Biology, Escherichia coli, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Beijerinckia indica, 0303 health sciences, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Organic Chemistry, Fructose, General Medicine, Enzyme, chemistry, Protein crystallization, Biotechnology
Abstract

An enzyme belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 68 (GH68) from Beijerinckia indica subsp. indica NBRC 3744 was expressed in Escherichia coli. Biochemical characterization showed that the enzyme was identified to be a β-fructosyltransferase (BiBftA). Crystallization of a full-length BiBftA was initially attempted, but no crystals were obtained. We constructed a variant in which 5 residues (Pro199-Gly203) and 13 residues (Leu522-Gln534) in potentially flexible regions were deleted, and we successfully crystallized this variant BiBftA. BiBftA is composed of a five-bladed β-propeller fold as in other GH68 enzymes. The structure of BiBftA in complex with fructose unexpectedly indicated that one β-fructofuranose (β-Fruf) molecule and one β-fructopyranose molecule bind to the catalytic pocket. The orientation of β-Fruf at subsite −1 is tilted from the orientation observed in most GH68 enzymes, presenting a second structure of a GH68 enzyme in complex with the tilted binding mode of β-Fruf. Structure of the GH68 enzyme unexpectedly indicated that one β-fructofuranose and one β-fructopyranose bind to the catalytic pocket.

Published
2020
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21. Status of x-ray imaging and spectroscopy mission (XRISM)

Author

Yutaka Fujita, Koji Mukai, Peter Shirron, Kumiko K. Nobukawa, Toshiaki Takeshima, Isamu Hatsukade, Richard F. Mushotzky, Brian J. Williams, Greg Brown, Hirofumi Noda, Brian Comber, Maria Diaz-Trigo, Manabu Ishida, Brian R. McNamara, Takahiro Sasaki, M. Ohno, Iurii Babyk, Richard L. Kelley, Sayuri Iga, Hiroshi Nakajima, Yuusuke Uchida, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Takeshi Go Tsuru, Kosuke Sato, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Ryo Iizuka, Irina Zhuravleva, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Hironori Matsumoto, Matthew Holland, K. Matsuzaki, Makoto Sawada, Laura Brenneman, Susumu Yasuda, Shinya Yamada, Makoto Tashiro, Hirokazu Odaka, Yoshihiro Ueda, Keiichi Yanagase, Hiroki Akamatsu, Yasuharu Sugawara, Akihiro Furuzawa, Nobutaka Bando, Akio Hoshino, Koji Mori, Misaki Mizumoto, Lia Corrales, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Yasushi Fukazawa, Hideki Uchiyama, Hironori Maejima, Robert Petre, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Teruaki Enoto, Mina Ogawa, Kenichi Toda, Natalie Hell, Shin'ichiro Uno, Tessei Yoshida, Thomas G. Bialas, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Masayuki Ohta, Yang Soong, Elisa Costantini, Kenji Hamaguchi, Shunji Kitamoto, Takafumi Horiuchi, Leslie Hartz, Luigi C. Gallo, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Renata Cumbee, Yusuke Nishioka, Toshiki Sato, Paul P. Plucinsky, Katja Pottschmidt, Aya Kubota, Ehud Behar, Tom Lockard, Masanobu Ozaki, Kenji Minesugi, Ann Hornschemeier, T. R. Jaffe, Aurora Simionescu, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Stéphane Paltani, Keisuke Tamura, Chris Done, Makoto Yamauchi, Kouichi Hagino, Kosei Ishimura, Akihide Kobayashi, Eric J. Miller, Carlo Ferrigno, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Hiromi Seta, Nathalie Gorter, Cor P. de Vries, Michael J. Sampson, A. E. Szymkowiak, Mark O. Kimball, Gary A. Sneiderman, Dan McCammon, Meng P. Chiao, S. Eguchi, Randall K. Smith, Naoki Ishihama, Yohko Tsuboi, Jon M. Miller, Erin Kara, Takayoshi Kohmura, Timothy R. Kallman, Takashi Okajima, Kenichiro Nigo, Jan-Willem den Herder, Shigeo Yamauchi, Kazunori Someya, Maxim Markevitch, Yuto Ichinohe, M. C. Witthoeft, Yukikatsu Terada, Nasa Yoshioka, Edgar Canavan, Jelle Kaastra, Takao Kitaguchi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hideto Nakamura, Shinji Mitani, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masayoshi Nobukawa, R. Sato, Atsushi Tanimoto, Junko S. Hiraga, Keisuke Shinozaki, Yuichiro Ezoe, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Brian McLaughlin, Yasuko Shibano, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Matteo Guainazzi, Lillian Reichenthal, Yuichi Terashima, Kumi Ishikawa, Naomi Ota, Chikara Natsukari, Joseph Miko, Kiyoshi Hayashida, M. Loewenstein, Connor Martz, Tahir Yaqoob, D. Eckert, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Johannes Dercksen, Hiroshi Murakami, Hiroshi Tomida, Ken Ebisawa, Rob Wolfs, Martin Grim, Tomomi Watanabe, Marc Audard, Keisuke Sugawara, Yoh Takei, Megan E. Eckart, Takaya Ohashi, Atsushi Okamoto, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, Shin Watanabe, Yoshitomo Maeda, Shuhei Shigeto, Yoshitaka Arai, Maki Shida, Hisamitsu Awaki, Muzi Li, Takaaki Tanaka, Tadayasu Dotani, David Hawthorn, Jacco Vink, Joy Henegar-Leon, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Aya Bamba, Megumi Shidatsu, Satoru Katsuda, Liyi Gu, Kyoko Matsushita, Toru Tamagawa, F. Scott Porter, Michael J. DiPirro, Steven Kenyon, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Sun sensor, Cardinal point, Spacecraft, Robustness (computer science), Computer science, business.industry, Survivability, Control reconfiguration, Field of view, Aerospace engineering, business, Fault detection and isolation
Abstract

The X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) is the successor to the 2016 Hitomi mission that ended prematurely. Like Hitomi, the primary science goals are to examine astrophysical problems with precise highresolution X-ray spectroscopy. XRISM promises to discover new horizons in X-ray astronomy. XRISM carries a 6 x 6 pixelized X-ray micro-calorimeter on the focal plane of an X-ray mirror assembly and a co-aligned X-ray CCD camera that covers the same energy band over a large field of view. XRISM utilizes Hitomi heritage, but all designs were reviewed. The attitude and orbit control system were improved in hardware and software. The number of star sensors were increased from two to three to improve coverage and robustness in onboard attitude determination and to obtain a wider field of view sun sensor. The fault detection, isolation, and reconfiguration (FDIR) system was carefully examined and reconfigured. Together with a planned increase of ground support stations, the survivability of the spacecraft is significantly improved.

Published
2020

22. XL-Calibur -- a second-generation balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimetry mission

Author

Manel Errando, Yoshitomo Maeda, Hisamitsu Awaki, Fumiya Imazato, Hiroto Matake, Mark Pearce, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Toru Tamagawa, Victor Guarino, Manabu Ishida, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Henric Krawczynski, Eric A. Wulf, Felix Ryde, Takuya Miyazawa, Theodor-Adrian Stana, Takao Kitaguchi, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Yuusuke Uchida, Paul Dowkontt, Nagomi Uchida, Matthew G. Baring, Kengo Hattori, S. Spooner, Quincy Abarr, Andrew West, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Brian Rauch, G. De Geronimo, Lindsey Lisalda, Takashi Okajima, Mai Takeo, Hironori Matsumoto, Nirmal Iyer, R. Yamamoto, Mózsi Kiss, Taisei Mineta, Richard Bose, Christopher M. Shreves, Keisuke Tamura, and Fabian Kislat

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Antenna aperture, Polarimetry, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Polarimeter, 01 natural sciences, Cadmium zinc telluride, Neutron star, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Electromagnetic shielding, Beryllium, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stratosphere, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

XL-Calibur is a hard X-ray (15-80 keV) polarimetry mission operating from a stabilised balloon-borne platform in the stratosphere. It builds on heritage from the X-Calibur mission, which observed the accreting neutron star GX 301-2 from Antarctica, between December 29th 2018 and January 1st 2019. The XL-Calibur design incorporates an X-ray mirror, which focusses X-rays onto a polarimeter comprising a beryllium rod surrounded by Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) detectors. The polarimeter is housed in an anticoincidence shield to mitigate background from particles present in the stratosphere. The mirror and polarimeter-shield assembly are mounted at opposite ends of a 12 m long lightweight truss, which is pointed with arcsecond precision by WASP - the Wallops Arc Second Pointer. The XL-Calibur mission will achieve a substantially improved sensitivity over X-Calibur by using a larger effective area X-ray mirror, reducing background through thinner CZT detectors, and improved anticoincidence shielding. When observing a 1 Crab source for $t_{\rm day}$ days, the Minimum Detectable Polarisation (at 99% confidence level) is $\sim$2$\%\cdot t_{\rm day}^{-1/2}$. The energy resolution at 40 keV is $\sim$5.9 keV. The aim of this paper is to describe the design and performance of the XL-Calibur mission, as well as the foreseen science programme., Comment: 19 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics

Published
2020
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23. A novel non-segmented double-stranded RNA virus from an Arctic isolate of Pythium polare

Author

Keisuke Tamura, Satoshi T. Ohki, María-Luz Herrero, Tomofumi Mochizuki, Tamotsu Hoshino, Motoaki Tojo, and Shinsaku Sasai

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, viruses, Sequence Homology, Pythium, Genome, Viral, Virus, Open Reading Frames, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Virology, RNA polymerase, RNA Viruses, Phylogeny, RNA, Double-Stranded, Totiviridae, Genetics, biology, Arctic Regions, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, RNA, RNA virus, Sequence Analysis, DNA, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase, biology.organism_classification, Stop codon, RNA silencing, Open reading frame, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, RNA, Viral, Double-stranded RNA viruses
Abstract

We investigated virus infection in the oomycete Pythium polare from the Arctic. From 39 isolates investigated, 14 contained virus-like double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Next generation sequencing revealed that the P. polare isolate OPU1176 contained three different virus-like sequences. We determined the full-length genome sequence of one of them. The 5397 nt-length genome had two overlapped open reading frames (ORFs) consistent with a toti and toti-like viruses, that we named Pythium polare RNA virus 1 (PpRV1). The ORF2 encoded an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The shifty heptamer motif and RNA pseudoknot were predicted near the stop codon of ORF1, implying that the RdRp could be translated as a fusion protein with the ORF1 protein. Phylogenetic analysis with deduced RdRp amino acid sequences indicated that oomycete virus PpRV1 was closely related to the unclassified arthropod toti-like viruses. The comparison of PpRV1-free and -infected lines suggested that PpRV1 infected in a symptomless manner.

Published
2018

24. Mo–V–O nanocrystals synthesized in the confined space of a mesoporous carbon

Author

Wataru Ueda, Isao Ogino, Shin R. Mukai, Ryo Obunai, and Keisuke Tamura

Subjects
Propene, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Propane, Process Chemistry and Technology, Oxide, Physical chemistry, Dehydrogenation, Activation energy, Mesoporous material, Catalysis, Nanocrystalline material
Abstract

Ternary Mo–V oxide nanocrystals (Nano-MoVO) were hydrothermally synthesized in the confined space of a mesoporous carbon template and tested in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane and propane. The synthesized nanocrystals are approximately 60 nm in length, 20 nm in diameter on average, and possess a structure resembling orthorhombic MoVO (Orth-MoVO) as indicated by spectroscopic and microscopy characterization. The Nano-MoVO catalyst has a 5-fold higher mesopore volume and a 4-fold larger external surface area than an Orth-MoVO synthesized by a conventional method (Orth-MoVO) as characterized through N2 adsorption analysis. Nano-MoVO shows similar activation energy in the ODH of ethane compared with other conventional MoVO catalysts. However, Nano-MoVO exhibits significantly higher propane/ethane activation rate ratio and higher propene selectivity even in the absence of elements such as Te and Nb that suppress overoxidation of propane-derived species to COx. The results suggest the benefits of the nanocrystalline morphology to limit overoxidation.

Published
2021

26. Measuring the atomic scattering factors near the iridium L-edges for the Athena silicon pore optics reflector

Author

Kazunori Ishibashi, Keisuke Tamura, Sara Svendsen, Tomokage Yoneyama, Kentaro Uesugi, Kazunori Asakura, Brian Shortt, Marcos Bavdaz, Wansu Kan, Takuya Miyazawa, Desiree Della Monica Ferreira, Richard Willingale, Yoshitomo Maeda, Hisamitsu Awaki, Sadayuki Shimizu, Masato Hoshino, Hironori Matsumoto, Atsushi Yoshida, Sonny Massahi, Yusuke Takehara, Shuntaro Ide, Matteo Guainazzi, Finn Erland Christensen, and Maximilien J. Collon

Subjects
Materials science, Silicon, chemistry.chemical_element, X-ray telescope, Iridium, law.invention, Overlayer, Optics, law, x-ray optics, Surface roughness, Focal length, Athena, Instrumentation, Atomic scattering factors, X-ray optics, business.industry, Scattering, Mechanical Engineering, Silicon pore optics, iridium, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Synchrotron, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, silicon pore optics, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, atomic scattering factors, business
Abstract

Athena, a future high-energy mission, is expected to consist of a large aperture x-ray mirror with a focal length of 12 m. The mirror surface is to be coated with iridium and a low Z overcoat. To define the effective area of the x-ray telescope, the atomic scattering factors of iridium with an energy resolution less than that (2.5 eV) of the x-ray integral field unit are needed. We measured the reflectance of the silicon pore optics mirror plate coated with iridium in the energy range of 9 to 15 keV and that near the iridium L-edges in steps of 10 and 1.5 eV, respectively, at the synchrotron beamline SPring-8. The L3, L2, and L1 edges were clearly detected around 11,215, 12,824, and 13,428 eV, respectively. The measured scattering factors were 1/43 % smaller than the corresponding values reported by Henke et al., likely due to the presence of an overlayer on the iridium coating, and were consistent with those measured by Graessle et al. The angular dependence of the reflectivity measured indicates that the iridium surface was extremely smooth, with a surface roughness of 0.3 nm.

Published
2021

27. Rapid evaluation of 1-kestose producing β-fructofuranosidases from Aspergillus species and enhancement of 1-kestose production using a PgsA surface-display system

Author

Keisuke Tamura, Takashi Tonozuka, Katsuaki Hirano, Tadashi Fujii, and Takumi Tochio

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, 030106 microbiology, Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups), Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Escherichia coli, Food science, Sugar, Molecular Biology, Aspergillus species, beta-Fructofuranosidase, Chemistry, Fructooligosaccharide, Prebiotic, Organic Chemistry, β fructofuranosidase, General Medicine, Surface display, 030104 developmental biology, Aspergillus, Mutagenesis, Trisaccharides, Biotechnology
Abstract

1-Kestose is a key prebiotic fructooligosaccharide (FOS) sugar. Some β-fructofuranosidases (FFases) have high transfructosylation activity, which is useful for manufacturing FOS. Therefore, obtaining FFases that produce 1-kestose efficiently is important. Here, we established a rapid FFase evaluation method using Escherichia coli that display different FFases fused to a PgsA anchor protein from Bacillus subtilis. E. coli cell suspensions expressing the PgsA-FFase fusion efficiently produce FOS from sucrose. Using this screening technique, we found that the E. coli transformant expressing Aspergillus kawachii FFase (AkFFase) produced a larger amount of 1-kestose than those expressing FFases from A. oryzae and A. terreus. Saturation mutagenesis of AkFFase was performed, and the mutant G85W was obtained. The E. coli transformant expressing AkFFase G85W markedly increased production of 1-kestose. Our results indicate that the surface display technique using PgsA is useful for screening of FFases, and AkFFase G85W is likely to be suitable for 1-kestose production. Abbreviations: AkFFase: Aspergillus kawachii FFase; AoFFase: Aspergillus oryzae FFase; AtFFase: Aspergillus terreus FFase; FFase: β-fructofuranosidase; FOS: fructooligosaccharide; fructosylnystose: 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose

Published
2018

28. Hitomi (ASTRO-H) X-ray Astronomy Satellite

Author

Laura Brenneman, Hironori Matsumoto, Kirk Gilmore, Takayuki Yuasa, D. Lumb, Manabu Ishida, Aurora Simionescu, Takao Nakagawa, Junichiro Katsuta, Esra Bulbul, Meng P. Chiao, Philippe Laurent, Jelle de Plaa, Hiroyuki Ogawa, Keith Arnaud, Keiji Ogi, John P. Doty, B. Ramsey, Yuzuru Tawara, C. Megan Urry, Eric D. Miller, Peter Shirron, Gregory V. Brown, Dan R. Wilkins, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Richard F. Mushotzky, Nobuyuki Kawai, Brian J. Williams, Steven W. Allen, Naoko Iyomoto, Taro Kawano, Katja Pottschmidt, Yang Soong, Tadayuki Takahashi, Yasuharu Sugawara, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Margherita Giustini, Greg Madejski, Tetsu Kitayama, Megumi Shidatsu, Hideyuki Mori, Łukasz Stawarz, Randall K. Smith, Satoshi Sugita, Norbert Schartel, James Pontius, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Eugenio Ursino, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Toshio Nakano, Satoru Katsuda, Cor P. de Vries, Adam R. Foster, Masanobu Ozaki, Kenji Minesugi, Tomomi Watanabe, Yuichi Terashima, Christopher S. Reynolds, Hiroaki Sameshima, Alex Koujelev, Naohisa Anabuki, Isamu Hatsukade, Masaharu Nomachi, Yoichi Yatsu, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Steve O' Dell, Ann Hornschemeier, Akio Hoshino, Yasuo Tanaka, M. Pohl, Kyoko Matsushita, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hideki Uchiyama, Mark O. Kimball, Arvind Parmar, Gary A. Sneiderman, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Toru Tamagawa, Yukikatsu Terada, Shinya Nakashima, Tsuneyoshi Kamae, Dmitry Khangulyan, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Rie Sato, Aya Bamba, Roger Blandford, Kazunori Ishibashi, Shinya Saito, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Toshio Murakami, Takeda Shin'ichiro, Missagh Mehdipour, Motohide Kokubun, Masachika Iwai, Dan McCammon, Michael J. DiPirro, Marshall W. Bautz, Shunji Kitamoto, Naomi Ota, Brian R. McNamara, Frits Paerels, Stéphane Paltani, Magnus Axelsson, Edgar Canavan, Nobutaka Bando, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Shu Koyama, Felix Aharonian, Matteo Guainazzi, Joseph Miko, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Thomas G. Bialas, Koji Mori, Makoto Yamauchi, Uno Shin'ichiro, Hirokazu Odaka, Toru Sasaki, Mina Ogawa, Philipp Azzarello, Atsushi Wada, Tsuyoshi Okazaki, Ken Ebisawa, Takeshi Go Tsuru, Yoshitomo Maeda, Jon M. Miller, A. L. King, Cynthia Simmons, Hirofumi Noda, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Carlo Ferrigno, Hiroyasu Tajima, Kazuo Makishima, Erin Kara, Fumie Akimoto, Shigeo Kawasaki, Kumi Ishikawa, Kosuke Sato, Hiroshi Nakajima, Knox S. Long, Jun Kataoka, Keisuke Shinozaki, Kazuyuki Hirose, Keisuke Tamura, Teruaki Enoto, Yoh Takei, Yoshito Haba, Shinya Yamada, Richard L. Kelley, Yoshihiro Ueda, Megan E. Eckart, Takaya Ohashi, Shin-ichiro Sakai, Kevin R. Boyce, D. Haas, Atsushi Okamoto, Kazuhiro Sakai, Ryo Nagino, Makoto Asai, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Michael Loewenstein, Daniel R. Wik, Yohko Tsuboi, Maria Chernyakova, Shiro Ueno, Koji Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Takeshi Nakamori, Hiroshi Tomida, Tahir Yaqoob, Norbert Werner, Paolo Coppi, Abderahmen Zoghbi, Shin Watanabe, Kosei Ishimura, Hideyo Kunieda, Candace Masters, Yusuke Nishioka, Shigeo Yamauchi, Maxim Markevitch, Yuto Ichinohe, Andrew C. Fabian, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Kenji Hamaguchi, Liyi Gu, Edward M. Cackett, Chris Done, Junko S. Hiraga, Chris Baluta, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, Maki Shida, Makoto Tashiro, Takanobu Shimada, Yasuyuki T. Tanaka, Massimiliano Galeazzi, Ilana M. Harrus, Naoko Iwata, Timothy R. Kallman, Takuya Miyazawa, Kumiko K. Nobukawa, Madoka Kawaharada, Hisamitsu Awaki, Takaaki Tanaka, Tadayasu Dotani, Goro Sato, Ciro Pinto, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Harvey Moseley, Yoshiharu Namba, Shutaro Ueda, Masayuki Itoh, Takayoshi Kohmura, Daisuke Yonetoku, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Hans A. Krimm, Hiromi Seta, Atsumasa Yoshida, Kouichi Hagino, Yuichiro Ezoe, Samar Safi-Harb, John P. Hughes, Daniel Maier, Hajime Inoue, Lorella Angelini, Yasuko Shibano, Frederick S. Porter, Saori Konami, Takayuki Tamura, Shin Mineshige, Peter Kretschmar, Yoichi Sato, Helen Russell, Hiroyuki Uchida, Elisa Costantini, Chikara Natsukari, Housei Nagano, Jan-Willem den Herder, Francesco Tombesi, Jelle Kaastra, Daniel S. McGuinness, Masanori Ohno, Hiroyuki Sugita, Katsuji Koyama, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Theodore Muench, Shiu-Hang Lee, Poshak Gandhi, Yasushi Fukazawa, Stefan Funk, Luigi C. Gallo, Tatsuro Kosaka, Andrea Goldwurm, Ryo Iizuka, Masayuki Ohta, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Marc Audard, Makoto Sawada, Takashi Okajima, Franco Moroso, Akihiro Furuzawa, Aya Kubota, Chris Jewell, Olivier Limousin, Takayuki Hayashi, Takao Kitaguchi, Takahiro Yamada, Hiroki Akamatsu, Andrew Szymkowiak, Robert Petre, Irina Zhuravleva, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern] (CEP), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern]-Universität Bern [Bern], Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory (CAL), Columbia University [New York], Stockholm University, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University [Stanford], AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Stanford University, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE)-Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Space operations, X-ray telescope, microcalorimeter, 01 natural sciences, x-ray astronomy, 010309 optics, gamma-ray astronomy, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Remote sensing, [PHYS]Physics [physics], X-ray astronomy, Spacecraft, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, hard x-ray, Gamma-ray astronomy, First light, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Spacecraft system, x-ray, Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, gamma ray, Satellite, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

著者人数: 270名（所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 高橋, 忠幸; 国分, 紀秀; 満田, 和久; Baluta, Chris; 坂東, 信尚; 堂谷, 忠靖; 海老沢, 研; 林, 克洋; 廣瀬, 和之; 飯塚, 亮; 石田, 学; 石川, 久美; 石村, 康生; 岩井, 将親; 岩田, 直子; 河野, 太郎; 川崎, 繁男; 小山, 志勇; 前田, 良知; 峯杉, 賢治; 中川, 貴雄; 夏苅, 権; 小川, 博之; 小川, 美奈; 太田, 方之; 岡崎, 健; 尾崎, 正伸; 坂井, 真一郎; 鮫島, 寛明; 佐藤, 悟郎; 佐藤, 理江; 柴野, 靖子; 志田, 真樹; 嶋田, 貴信; Simionescu, Aurora; 菅原, 泰晴; 竹井, 洋; 田村, 隆幸; 田中, 靖郎; 田代, 信; 冨田, 洋; 辻本, 匡弘; 上田, 周太朗; 上野, 史郎; 和田, 篤始; 渡辺, 伸; 山田, 隆弘; 山崎, 典子）, Number of authors: 270 (Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS): Takahashi, Tadayuki; Kokubun, Motohide; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Baluta, Chris; Bando, Nobutaka; Dotani, Tadayasu; Ebisawa, Ken; Hayashi, Katsuhiro; Hirose, Kazuyuki; Iizuka, Ryo; Ishida, Manabu; Ishikawa, Kumi; Ishimura, Kosei; Iwai, Masachika; Iwata, Naoko; Kawano, Taro; Kawasaki, Shigeo; Koyama, Shu; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Minesugi, Kenji; Nakagawa, Takao; Natsukari, Chikara; Ogawa, Hiroyuki; Ogawa, Mina; Ohta, Masayuki; Okazaki, Tsuyoshi; Ozaki, Masanobu; Sakai, Shinichiro; Sameshima, Hiroaki; Sato, Goro; Sato, Rie; Shibano, Yasuko; Shida, Maki; Shimada, Takanobu; Simionescu, Aurora; Sugawara, Yasuharu; Takei, Yoh; Tamura, Takayuki; Tanaka, Yasuo; Tashiro, Makoto; Tomida, Hiroshi; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Ueda, Shutaro; Ueno, Shiro; Wada, Atsushi; Watanabe, Shin; Yamada, Takahiro; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.), Accepted: 2018-02-05, 資料番号: SA1170333000

Published
2018

29. Inorbit Performance of the Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) on board the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) satellite

Author

Hideyuki Mori, Hisamitsu Awaki, Yoshito Haba, Hideyo Kunieda, Y. Tawara, Shigeo Yamauchi, Keisuke Tamura, Hironori Matsumoto, T. Hayashi, Masayuki Itoh, Satoshi Sugita, Ryo Iizuka, Takuya Miyazawa, Akihiro Furuzawa, Manabu Ishida, Takashi Okajima, Kazunori Ishibashi, Yoshitomo Maeda, and Ikuyuki Mitsuishi

Subjects
Photon, FOS: Physical sciences, X-ray telescope, 01 natural sciences, Encircled energy, 010309 optics, multilayer supermirror, Optics, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Antenna aperture, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Optical axis, Imaging spectroscopy, hard x-rays, Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, Satellite, x-ray telescope, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

著者人数: 19名, Accepted: 2018-01-22, 資料番号: SA1170310000

Published
2018

30. On-Ground Calibration of the Hitomi Hard X-ray Telescopes

Author

Naoki Ishida, Satoshi Sugita, Sasagu Tachibana, Kenji Tachibana, Housei Nagano, Keiji Ogi, Daichi Kurihara, Yuzuru Tawara, Toshihiro Iwase, Shunya Takizawa, Naotsugu Shima, Kentaro Uesugi, Yasushi Ogasaka, Masayuki Itoh, Tadatsugu Demoto, Yuuji Kuroda, Toshiki Sato, Yoshifumi Meshino, Y. Miyata, Yoshito Haba, Ayako Bandai, Ryo Iizuka, Hideyuki Mori, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Keisuke Tamura, Yoshio Suzuki, Hironori Matsumoto, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Tatsuro Kosaka, Manabu Ishida, Takayuki Hayashi, Shigetaka Saji, Takashi Okajima, Takuya Miyazawa, Yoshiharu Namba, Kazuki Tomikawa, Akihiro Furuzawa, Fumiya Shimasaki, Takuro Sato, Hiroyoshi Kato, Shou Kurashima, Hideyo Kunieda, Yoshitomo Maeda, Hisamitsu Awaki, Yasunori Babazaki, Koujun Yamashita, Kazunori Ishibashi, Shigeo Yamauchi, and Tatsuharu Torii

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, X-ray telescope, Field of view, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Optics, Hitomi (ASTRO-H), 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Image resolution, x-ray mirrors, Physics, Vignetting, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Antenna aperture, Astronomy and Astrophysics, multilayer mirrors, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, astronomical optics, Beamline, Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, Reflection (physics), business
Abstract

著者人数: 49名, Accepted: 2017-12-18, 資料番号: SA1170329000

Published
2018

34. Ray-tracing simulation and in-orbit performance of the ASTRO-H hard x-ray telescope (HXT)

Author

Satoshi Sugita, Kazunori Ishibashi, Ryo Iizuka, Tatsuro Kosaka, Yoshitomo Maeda, Yutaka Suzuki, Yoshito Haba, Hisamitsu Awaki, Housei Nagano, Masayuki Itoh, K. Uesugi, Yoshiharu Namba, Takuya Miyazawa, Hideyuki Mori, Hideyo Kunieda, Keisuke Tamura, Y. Ogasaka, Shigeo Yamauchi, Yuzuru Tawara, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Keiji Ogi, Manabu Ishida, Takayuki Hayashi, Takashi Okajima, Akihiro Furuzawa, and Hironori Matsumoto

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, X-ray astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, X-ray telescope, Astrophysics, Orbital mechanics, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar wind nebula, Encircled energy, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ray tracing (graphics), Satellite
Abstract

A ray-trace simulation code for the Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) on board the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) satellite is being developed. The half power diameter and effective area simulated based on the code are consistent with ground measurements within 10%. The HXT observed the pulsar wind nebula G21.5-0.9 for 105 ksec. We confirmed that the encircled energy function and the half power diameter obtained from the data are consistent with the ground measurements.

Published
2016

35. First peek of ASTRO-H Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) in-orbit performance

Author

Yoshitomo Maeda, Richard Koenecke, Manabu Ishida, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Naomichi Kikuchi, Toshiki Sato, Sho Kurashima, Satoshi Sugita, David W. Robinson, Takuya Miyazawa, Hideyuki Mori, Yang Soong, Kazunori Ishibashi, Nozomi Nakaniwa, Devin Hahne, Larry Olsen, Takashi Okajima, Akihiro Furuzawa, Keisuke Tamura, Yuzuru Tawara, Ryo Iizuka, Takayuki Hayashi, Kenji Tachibana, and Bill Chang

Subjects
Physics, Vignetting, Spectrometer, X-ray optics, Field of view, X-ray telescope, Astrophysics, Orbital mechanics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

ASTRO-H (Hitomi) is a Japanese X-ray astrophysics satellite just launched in February, 2016, from Tanegashima, Japan by a JAXA's H-IIA launch vehicle. It has two Soft X-ray Telescopes (SXTs), among other instruments, that were developed by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in collaboration with ISAS/JAXA and Nagoya University. One is for an X-ray micro-calorimeter instrument (Soft X-ray Spectrometer, SXS) and the other for an X-ray CCD camera (Soft X-ray Imager, SXI), both covering the X-ray energy band up to 15 keV. The two SXTs were fully characterized at the 30-m X-ray beam line at ISAS/JAXA. The combined SXT+SXS system effective area is about 250 and 300 cm(exp 2) at 1 and 6 keV, respectively, although observations were performed with the gate valve at the dewar entrance closed, which blocks most of low energy X-rays and some of high energy ones. The angular resolution for SXS is 1.2 arcmin (Half Power Diameter, HPD). The combined SXT+SXI system effective area is about 370 and 350 cm (exp 2) at 1 and 6 keV, respectively. The angular resolution for SXI is 1.3 arcmin (HPD). The both SXTs have a field of view of about 16 arcmin (FWHM of their vignetting functions).The SXT+SXS field of view is limited to 3 x 3 arcmin by the SXS array size. In-flight data available to the SXT team was limited at the time of this conference and a point-like source data is not available for the SXT+SXS. Although due to lack of attitude information we were unable to reconstruct a point spread function of SXT+SXI, according to RXJ1856.5-3754 data, the SXT seems to be working as expected in terms of imaging capability. As for the overall effective area response for both SXT+SXS and SXT+SXI, consistent spectral model fitting parameters with the previous measurements were obtained for Crab and G21.5-0.9 data. On the other hand, their 2-10 keV fluxes differ by about 20% at this point. Calibration work is still under progress. The SXT is the latest version of the aluminum foil X-ray mirror, which is extremely light-weight and very low cost, yet produces large effective area over a wide energy-band. Its area-mass ratio is the largest, 16 cm(exp 2)/kg, among ASTRO-H, Chandra, and XMM-Newton mirrors. The aluminum foil mirror is a still compelling technology depending on the mission science goal.

Published
2016

36. Performance of ASTRO-H hard x-ray telescope (HXT)

Author

Shigeo Yamauchi, Hosei Nagano, Keiji Ogi, Ryo Iizuka, Masayuki Itoh, Yasushi Ogasaka, Takashi Okajima, Satoshi Sugita, Akihiro Furuzawa, Takuya Miyazawa, Tatsuro Kosaka, Hideyuki Mori, Keisuke Tamura, Yuzuru Tawara, Takayuki Hayashi, Yoshiharu Namba, Manabu Ishida, Hideyo Kunieda, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Yoshio Suzuki, Yoshitomo Maeda, Hisamitsu Awaki, Yoshito Haba, Hironori Matsumoto, Kentaro Uesugi, and Kazunori Ishibashi

Subjects
Physics, X-ray astronomy, business.industry, Synchrotron radiation, X-ray telescope, 02 engineering and technology, Astrophysics, Orbital mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar wind nebula, 010309 optics, Optics, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Satellite, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

The Japanese X-ray Astronomy Satellite, Hitomi (ASTRO-H) carries hard X-ray imaging system, covering the energy band from 5 keV to 80 keV. The hard X-ray imaging system consists of two hard X-ray telescopes (HXT) and two hard X-ray imagers (HXI). The HXT employs tightly-nested, conically-approximated thin foil Wolter-I optics. The mirror surfaces of HXT were coated with PtC depth-graded multilayers. We carried out ground calibrations of HXTs at the synchrotron radiation facility SPring-8 BL20B2 in Japan, and found that total effective area of two HXTs was about 350 sq cm at 30 keV, and the half power diameter of HXT was about 1.9. After the launch of Hitomi, Hitomi observed several targets during the initial functional verification of the onboard instruments. The Hitomi software and calibration team (SCT) provided the Hitomis data of G21.5-0.9, a pulsar wind nebula, to the hardware team for the purpose of the instrument calibration. Through the analysis of the in-flight data, we have confirmed that the X-ray performance of HXTs in orbit was consistent with that estimated by the ground calibrations.

Published
2016

37. The ASTRO-H (Hitomi) x-ray astronomy satellite

Author

Yasuharu Sugawara, Luigi C. Gallo, Manabu Ishida, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Makoto Yamauchi, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Eric J. Miller, Ciro Pinto, Grzegorz Madejski, Meng P. Chiao, Yoshiharu Namba, Kumiko K. Nobukawa, Goro Sato, Harvey Moseley, Takayoshi Kohmura, Mina Ogawa, Greg Brown, Kevin R. Boyce, Missagh Mehdipour, Shutaro Ueda, Satoru Katsuda, Philipp Azzarello, Shin'ichiro Uno, Atsushi Wada, Takao Kitaguchi, Knox S. Long, Yohko Tsuboi, Nobutaka Bando, Shin-ichiro Sakai, Hajime Inoue, Masayuki Itoh, Kazuyuki Hirose, Norbert Werner, Fumie Akimoto, Timothy R. Kallman, Shigeo Yamauchi, Maxim Markevitch, Yuto Ichinohe, Naohisa Anabuki, Satoshi Sugita, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Olivier Limousin, Meg Urry, Kouichi Hagino, Akio Hoshino, Kumi Ishikawa, Cor P. de Vries, Teruaki Enoto, Yasuo Tanaka, M. Pohl, Masanobu Ozaki, Kenji Minesugi, Peter Shirron, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Koji Mori, Hideki Uchiyama, Yukikatsu Terada, D. Haas, Keith A. Arnaud, Masanori Ohno, Christopher S. Reynolds, Hiromi Seta, Yusuke Nishioka, Carlo Ferrigno, Edgar Canavan, Katsuji Koyama, Daniel R. Wik, Shunji Kitamoto, Keisuke Shinozaki, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Dan McCammon, David H. Lumb, Kyoko Matsushita, Hiroyuki Uchida, John P. Hughes, Daniel Maier, Lorella Angelini, Taro Kawano, Cynthia Simmons, Shiro Ueno, Koji Mukai, Abderahmen Zoghbi, Makoto Asai, Toru Tamagawa, Rie Sato, Keisuke Tamura, Yuzuru Tawara, Łukasz Stawarz, Motohide Kokubun, Hiroshi Murakami, Hiroshi Tomida, F. Scott Porter, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Michael J. DiPirro, Richard F. Mushotzky, Nobuyuki Kawai, Brian J. Williams, Richard L. Kelley, Hirokazu Odaka, Matteo Guainazzi, Kazuo Makishima, Yuichiro Ezoe, Takahiro Yamada, Hiroki Akamatsu, Andrew Szymkowiak, Philippe Laurent, James Pontius, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Tetsu Kitayama, Megumi Shidatsu, Felix Aharonian, Shigeo Kawasaki, Takanobu Shimada, Laura Brenneman, Toru Sasaki, Isamu Hatsukade, A. L. King, Takuya Miyazawa, Toshio Nakano, Atsumasa Yoshida, Robert Petre, Shinya Yamada, Stéphane Paltani, Eugenio Ursino, Adam R. Foster, Takayuki Hayashi, Shiu-Hang Lee, Toshio Murakami, Chris Done, Takeshi Nakamori, Kazuhiro Sakai, Ryo Nagino, Yuichi Terashima, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Michael Loewenstein, Shin Mineshige, Peter Kretschmar, John P. Doty, Candace Masters, Yoichi Sato, Junko S. Hiraga, Magnus Axelsson, Kenji Hamaguchi, Marshall W. Bautz, Junichiro Katsuta, Hiroaki Sameshima, Ilana M. Harrus, Thomas G. Bialas, Elisa Costantini, Daniel S. McGuinness, Yoichi Yatsu, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Naoko Iwata, Mark O. Kimball, Arvind Parmar, Yasuko Shibano, Norbert Schartel, Helen Russell, Gary A. Sneiderman, Steve Allen, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Makoto Sawada, Megan E. Eckart, Takaya Ohashi, Dmitry Khangulyan, Kosei Ishimura, Tatsuro Kosaka, Andrea Goldwurm, Takashi Okajima, Hirofumi Noda, Franco Moroso, F. B. S. Paerels, Hiroyuki Sugita, Alex Koujelev, Masaharu Nomachi, Tomomi Watanabe, Marc Audard, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Hideyo Kunieda, Keiji Ogi, Akihiro Furuzawa, Brian D. Ramsey, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Shinya Saito, Poshak Gandhi, Yasushi Fukazawa, Liyi Gu, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, Tsuyoshi Okazaki, Takeshi Go Tsuru, Kosuke Sato, Aya Kubota, Chris Jewell, Yoshitomo Maeda, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shinya Nakashima, Irina Zhuravleva, Andrew C. Fabian, Tahir Yaqoob, Housei Nagano, Erin Kara, Brian R. McNamara, Naomi Ota, Shu Koyama, Joseph Miko, Madoka Kawaharada, Hisamitsu Awaki, Steve O'Dell, Takaaki Tanaka, Hironori Matsumoto, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Dan R. Wilkins, Hiroyasu Tajima, Yasuyuki T. Tanaka, Massimiliano Galeazzi, Chikara Natsukari, Jan-Willem den Herder, Tadayuki Takahashi, Francois Lebrun, Hiroshi Nakajima, Yoh Takei, Hideyuki Mori, Yoshito Haba, Jun Kataoka, Randall K. Smith, Atsushi Okamoto, Maria Chernyakova, Shin Watanabe, Edward M. Cackett, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Takayuki Tamura, Francesco Tombesi, Jelle Kaastra, Maki Shida, Chris Baluta, Kirk Gilmore, Aurora Simionescu, Ann Hornschemeier, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Jelle de Plaa, Naoko Iyomoto, Atsushi Harayama, Aya Bamba, Katja Pottschmidt, Roger Blandford, Kazunori Ishibashi, Makoto Tashiro, Esra Bulbul, Yang Soong, Paolo De Coppi, Daisuke Yonetoku, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Hans A. Krimm, Samar Safi-Harb, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Takao Nakagawa, Hiroyuki Ogawa, Margherita Giustini, Tuneyoshi Kamae, Takayuki Yuasa, Ryo Iizuka, Masayuki Ohta, Jon M. Miller, and Theodore Muench

Subjects
Physics, X-ray astronomy, Spacecraft, business.industry, Astronomy, High resolution, First light, Gamma-ray astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Spacecraft system, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite, 010306 general physics, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

The Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission is the sixth Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite developed by a large international collaboration, including Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe. The mission aimed to provide the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E > 2 keV, using a microcalorimeter instrument, and to cover a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft X-rays to gamma-rays. After a successful launch on 2016 February 17, the spacecraft lost its function on 2016 March 26, but the commissioning phase for about a month provided valuable information on the on-board instruments and the spacecraft system, including astrophysical results obtained from first light observations. The paper describes the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission, its capabilities, the initial operation, and the instruments/spacecraft performances confirmed during the commissioning operations for about a month.

Published
2016

38. A challenge to the highest balloon altitude

Author

Keisuke Tamura, Kiyoho Matsushima, Tetsuya Yoshida, Yoshitaka Saito, Michihiko Toriumi, Kazuhiko Yamada, Daisuke Akita, Takatoshi Sato, Yukihiko Matsuzaka, S. Tanaka, Hideyuki Fuke, Eiichi Mizuta, Motoharu Seo, Yoichi Kato, Issei Iijima, Atsushi Takada, Shigeo Ohta, Naoki Izutsu, Takamasa Yamagami, Jiro Kawada, Michiyoshi Namiki, and Naoki Nonaka

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Materials science, Meteorology, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Static pressure, Balloon, Geophysics, Altitude, Space and Planetary Science, Wind shear, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Dynamic pressure, Composite material
Abstract

著者人数: 22名, Accepted: 2011-11-09, 資料番号: SA1003234000

Published
2012

39. Progress of super-pressure balloon development: A new 'tawara' concept with improved stability

Author

Daisuke Akita, H. Fuke, Takamasa Yamagami, Yoshitaka Saito, Eiichi Mizuta, Yukihiko Matsuzaka, Keisuke Tamura, Atsushi Takada, Yasuhiro Shoji, Motoharu Seo, Takatoshi Sato, Jiro Kawada, Michihiko Toriumi, Shigeo Ohta, Naoki Izutsu, Kazuhiko Yamada, Tessei Yoshida, Naoki Nonaka, Michiyoshi Namiki, Issei Iijima, Yoichi Kato, and Kiyoho Matsushima

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Meteorology, business.industry, Computer science, Flight vehicle, Stability (learning theory), Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Flight duration, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Software deployment, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Aerospace engineering, business
Abstract

著者人数: 20名, Accepted: 2011-05-04, 資料番号: SA1003239000

Published
2011

40. A new balloon base in Japan

Author

Daisuke Akita, Kazuhiko Yamada, Naoki Nonaka, Michihiko Toriumi, Motoharu Seo, Jiro Kawada, Keisuke Tamura, Tessei Yoshida, Michiyoshi Namiki, H. Fuke, Takamasa Yamagami, Eiichi Mizuta, Yoshitaka Saito, Shigeo Ohta, Naoki Izutsu, Atsushi Takada, Yukihiko Matsuzaka, Issei Iijima, and Yoichi Kato

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Engineering, Launch pad, business.industry, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Balloon, law.invention, Whole systems, Geophysics, Aeronautics, Space and Planetary Science, law, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, business, Remote sensing
Abstract

著者人数：19名, Accepted: 2009-10-07, 資料番号: SA1000727000

Published
2010

41. Handling Characteristics of Mems-Tweezers with Contact Surface Fabricated by Deep-Rie

Author

Keisuke Tamura, Tadashi Ishikawa, Masakazu Sato, Satomitsu Imai, and Hiroki Sato

Subjects
Microelectromechanical systems, Surface (mathematics), Materials science, Friction force, Etching (microfabrication), Mechanical Engineering, Tweezers, Coulomb, Surface roughness, Mechanical engineering, Micromechanics, Composite material, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Abstract

Methods for enhancing the gripping ability of microtweezers are examined in terms of friction force. Two aspects are investigated experimentally. One is a method for increasing the coefficient of friction of the handling part of the microtweezers. We examined the effect of the etching time on the surface roughness of surfaces processed by the Bosch process and the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction increased with increasing etching time. The other aspect we investigated is the optimum handling force. In tweezers-based handling, it is not clear whether the friction force is proportional to the handling force in accordance with Coulomb's law of friction. We performed measurements and found that the friction force is approximately proportional to the handling force. Using this knowledge, the optimum handling force can easily be determined.

Published
2010

42. Japanese Balloon Program

Author

I Ijima, Kazuhiko Yamada, Yukihiko Matsuzaka, Shigeo Ohta, Akira Kadokura, Naoki Izutsu, Jiro Kawada, Motoharu Seo, Keisuke Tamura, Daisuke Akita, Takamasa Yamagami, Hideyuki Fuke, Michihiko Toriumi, Yoshitaka Saito, Eiichi Mizuta, Naoki Nonaka, Tessei Yoshida, and Michiyoshi Namiki

Subjects
Engineering, Aeronautics, Meteorology, New launch site, business.industry, General Physics and Astronomy, Scientific experiment, business, Balloon, Balloon standardization, New balloon technologies
Abstract

The Scientific Balloon Center of ISAS/JAXA has managed balloon-borne experiments in Japan. Since 1971 domestic balloon campaigns have been carried out at Sanriku Balloon Center. In 2007 ten scientific experiments were conducted by seven balloon flights at Sanriku. We have also developed next generation super-pressure balloons and ultra-thin balloons. In order to meet recent user requirements, i.e., stable flights of heavier payloads at the highest possible altitude, Japanese scientific balloons will be operated at Taiki, Hokkaido from 2008. This new balloon facility was constructed to launch the first balloon in May 2008. Standardization of balloons and the balloon system is also in progress, in order to maximize the reliability for our operation of larger balloons with heavier payloads. In this paper, we introduce the new balloon facility in Taiki and discuss the strategy of the Japanese scientific balloon activities. The status of the development of new balloon technologies and international collaborati...

Published
2009

43. Characterization of a Hard X-ray Telescope at Synchrotron Facility SPring-8

Author

Kai-Wing Chan, Scott Rohrbach, Yang Soong, Kazuhiro Ikegami, Satoshi Takeuchi, Kentaro Uesugi, Tomofumi Miyauchi, Hideyo Kunieda, Yasufumi Kanou, Yasushi Ogasaka, Chiaki Sakai, Yoshitomo Maeda, Yoshihiro Fukaya, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Kenta Shimoda, Michihiko Aono, Emi Miyata, Koujun Yamashita, Tomokazu Nakamura, Jack Tueller, Keisuke Tamura, Noriaki Tawa, Shunsaku Okada, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Katsuhiko Onishi, Ryo Shibata, Yoshio Suzuki, Taku Futamura, Masataka Naitou, Daisuke Ueno, Nobuaki Yamada, K. Mukai, Takuya Miyazawa, Masayuki Nonoyama, Machiko Sakashita, Tomonaga Iwahara, Naoki Sasaki, Fred Berendse, Takashi Okajima, Rika Takahashi, and Akihiro Furuzawa

Subjects
Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, Aperture, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Synchrotron radiation, X-ray optics, X-ray telescope, SPring-8, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Beamline, law, High-energy X-rays, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business
Abstract

Space-borne astronomical instruments require extensive characterization on the ground before launch. In the hard X-ray region however, it is difficult for a laboratory-based beamline using a conventional X-ray source to provide a capability sufficient for pre-flight high-precision calibration. In this paper, we describe an experiment to characterize a hard X-ray telescope at a synchrotron facility, mainly on the basis of experimental setup and examples of measured results. We have developed hard X-ray telescopes consisting of Wolter-I grazing incidence optics and platinum-carbon multilayer supermirror coatings. The telescopes have been characterized at the synchrotron facility SPring-8 beamline BL20B2. The measurements at BL20B2 have great advantages such as extremely high flux, large-sized and less-divergent beam, and monochromatic beam covering the entire hard X-ray region from 8 to over 100 keV. The telescope was illuminated by monochromatic hard X-rays, and the focused image was measured by high resolution hard X-ray imagers. The entire telescope aperture was mapped by a small beam, and the effective area and the point spread function were obtained as well as local optical properties for further diagnostics of the characteristics of the telescope.

Published
2008

45. Asymmetric decarboxylation of α-hydroxy- and α-amino-α-phenylmalonate catalyzed by arylmalonate decarboxylase fromAlcaligenes bronchisepticus

Author

Hiromichi Ohta, Kenji Miyamoto, Yosuke Terao, and Keisuke Tamura

Subjects
Steric effects, chemistry.chemical_classification, Carboxy-lyases, Chemistry, Decarboxylation, Stereochemistry, Monobasic acid, Substituent, Arylmalonate decarboxylase, Biochemistry, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Enzyme, Biotechnology
Abstract

Arylmalonate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.76, from Alcaligenes bronchisepticus KU 1201) is an enzyme that catalyzes asymmetric decarboxylation of arylmalonate. The enzyme accepts as substrates compounds that have a sterically small hydrophobic α-substituent, such as H, F, and methyl. To widen the applicability of this enzyme and to obtain information on the interaction between the enzyme and substrates, we tried the reaction of compounds with a hydrophilic substituent. Although the relative reactivities were lower compared to that of phenylmalonate, α-hydroxy- and α-aminophenylmalonate were decarboxylated to give optically active monobasic acids.

Published
2008

46. A trigger system for measurements of proton-induced rare hadronic reactions around Tp=400MeV

Author

K. Sugita, S. Ajimura, K. Matsuoka, M. Sumihama, Pranab Saha, Yasuhiro Miyake, K. Terai, T. Nagao, H. Kohri, F. Khanam, Tadafumi Kishimoto, W. Imoto, Hiroyuki Noumi, T. Ogaito, K. Wakae, K. Morikubo, S. Minami, T. Numata, Keisuke Tamura, T. Itabashi, Atsushi Sakaguchi, H. Hayakawa, Yuji Shimizu, Tomokazu Fukuda, T. Kanie, Y. Mitoma, R. Murayama, Michiko Sekimoto, T. Mori, and T. Hayakawa

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Scintillation, Proton, Orders of magnitude (temperature), Nuclear Theory, Detector, Hadron, Kinetic energy, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract

We developed a trigger system for the measurement of proton-induced rare hadronic reactions around the beam kinetic energy T p = 400 MeV based on highly segmented trigger scintillation detectors and programmable logic modules. The trigger system was designed to enhance events with the negative-pion production by the difference of the curvatures of the particle tracks in a magnetic field. Since the production cross-section of the negative-pion by the proton-induced reactions was smaller by about 3 orders of magnitude than the total cross-section around the beam energy, we expected large reduction of the trigger rate by the negative-pion selection. The construction of the trigger system was not trivial due to a large detector acceptance that was inevitable to measure the rare reactions. The performance of the trigger system was evaluated by using T p = 430 MeV proton beams. An excellent reduction, more than 2 orders of magnitude reduction, of the background events was achieved.

Published
2008

48. The X-Ray Telescope onboard Suzaku

Author

Yuzuru Tawara, Yushi Yokoyama, Ren Kubota, Yoshito Haba, Kensuke Suzuki, H. Inoue, Ryo Iizuka, Yoshitomo Maeda, Yurni Itoh, Takeyuki Osawa, Hideyuki Mori, Keisuke Tamura, Yang Soong, Akiharu Itoh, Hideyo Kunieda, Masatoshi Ebara, Ryo Shibata, Chiaki Inoue, Kazutami Misaki, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Kei Itoh, Kai-Wing Chan, Koujun Yamashita, Satoshi Okuma, Yasushi Ogasaka, Shunsaku Okada, Ryoko Nakamura, John P. Lehan, Masaki Suzuki, Masataka Naitou, Manabu Ishida, Akira Hayakawa, Takashi Okajima, and Akihiro Furuzawa

Subjects
Physics, Vignetting, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Field of view, X-ray telescope, Astrophysics, Radius, Power law, Spectral line
Abstract

著者人数: 34名, Accepted: 2006-09-26, 資料番号: SA1000369000

Published
2007

49. On-Orbit Performance of the X-Ray Telescopes and Thermal Wobbling of the Suzaku Satellite

Author

Ryo Shibata, Yasushi Ogasaka, H. Inoue, Yoshito Haba, Kensuke Suzuki, Shunsaku Okada, Akiharu Itoh, Takayuki Hayashi, Masaki Suzuki, Takashi Okajima, Kazutami Misaki, Chiaki Inoue, Akihiro Furuzawa, Hideyuki Mori, Yumi Itoh, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Takeyuki Osawa, Kei Itoh, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Koujun Yamashita, Satoshi Okuma, Ren Kubota, Masatoshi Ebara, Keisuke Tamura, Yang Soong, Manabu Ishida, Akira Hayakawa, Masataka Naitou, Kai Wing Chan, Yuzuru Tawara, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Ryoko Nakamura, Yushi Yokoyama, Ryo Iizuka, John P. Lehan, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Yoshitomo Maeda, and Hideyo Kunieda

Subjects
Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Thermal, Astronomy, Satellite, X-ray telescope, Astrophysics, Orbit (control theory)
Published
2007

50. Development of an x-ray telescope with a large effective area for the iron K line band

Author

Hideyo Kunieda, Hironori Matsumoto, Sasagu Tachibana, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Shun Yoshikawa, Hideyuki Mori, Kojun Yamashita, Keisuke Tamura, and Yuzuru Tawara

Subjects
Physics, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Antenna aperture, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Bragg's law, X-ray telescope, Astrophysics, K-line, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Focal length, business, Spectroscopy
Abstract

X-ray micro-calorimeters such as the Soft X-ray Spectrometer on board ASTRO-H will enable precise spectroscopy of iron K lines. To exploit the full power of the high-energy resolution, X-ray telescopes with a large effective area around 6 keV are essentially important. We designed a Wolter-I X-ray telescope with Ir/C multi- layer mirrors to enhance the effective area at around 6 keV by the principle of Bragg reflection. We assumed a diameter of 110 cm and a focal length of 110 cm for our telescope. Our simulation suggests that the effective area averaged in the 5.7{7.7 keV band could be 2000 cm2.

Published
2015

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