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2. Pleistocene cave sequences

Author

Campbell, S., Keen, D. H., Currant, A. P., Collcutt, S. N., Stuart, A. J., Campbell, S., Hunt, C. O., Scourse, J. D., Keen, D. H., and Stephens, N.

Published
1998
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17. Age-estimate evidence for a complex Middle to Late Pleistocene fluvial terrace aggradation spanning more than a 100-kyr interglacial–glacial cycle at Sutton Cross, eastern England

Author

Langford, H. E., Griffiths, H., Horne, D. J., Keen, D. H., and Penkman, K. E.H.

Abstract

At Sutton Cross, eastern England, an undated River Nene 2nd Terrace was known to record a complex sequence of late Middle to Upper Pleistocene deposits. Amino acid geochronology was carried out for samples from four separate facies associations in order to provide a chronostratigraphic framework for this complex deposit. Each sample comprised three specimens of Bithynia tentaculata opercula. The intracrystalline protein decomposition results confirmed the sedimentary stratigraphic interpretation previously proposed for the site, i.e., that fossiliferous sediments yielding fully temperate Mollusca and Ostracoda faunas are equivalent in age to marine isotope stage (MIS) 7. Palaeotemperature reconstructions based on the Ostracoda fauna (July: +14 to +26 °C; January: ―4 to +5/+3 °C) embrace those of today at this location (July: +17 °C; January +3 °C). The sedimentary succession at Sutton Cross comprises vertically aggraded packages with a probable maximum age of MIS 8 and minimum age of MIS 2. This aggradation pattern (and age range) is also common to downstream sedimentary successions at Whittlesey, and is counterintuitive to the traditional terrace stratigraphy approach that expects laterally aggrading downstepping packages. The preservation of sediments of MIS 7 age and older at Sutton Cross with no evidence of glacial overriding places constraints on recently proposed late Middle Pleistocene regional ice limits.

Published
2020

23. Early Ipswichian (last interglacial) sea level rise in the Channel region: Stone Point Site of Special Scientific Interest, Hampshire, England.

Author

Briant, R M, Bates, Martin, Boreham, S, Cameron, N G, Coope, G R, Field, M H, Hatch, M, Keen, D H, Kilfeather, A A, Penkman, K E H, Simons, R M J, Schwenninger, J-L, Wenban-Smith, Francis F., Whitehouse, N J, Whittaker, John, Briant, R M, Bates, Martin, Boreham, S, Cameron, N G, Coope, G R, Field, M H, Hatch, M, Keen, D H, Kilfeather, A A, Penkman, K E H, Simons, R M J, Schwenninger, J-L, Wenban-Smith, Francis F., Whitehouse, N J, and Whittaker, John

Abstract

Constraining the speed of sea level rise at the start of an interglacial is important to understanding the size of the ‘window of opportunity’ available for hominin migration. This is particularly important during the last interglacial when there is no evidence for significant hominin occupation anywhere in Britain. There are very few finer grained fossiliferous sequences in the Channel region that can be used to constrain sea level rise and they are preserved only to the north of the Channel, in England. Of these, the sequence at Stone Point SSSI is by far the most complete. Data from this sequence has been previously reported, and discussed at a Quaternary Research Association Field Meeting, where a number of further questions were raised that necessitated further data generation. In this paper, we report new data from this sequence – thin section analysis, isotopic determinations on ostracod shells, new OSL ages and AAR analyses. These show early sea level rise in this sequence, starting during the pre-temperate vegetation zone IpI, but no early warming. The implications of this almost certainly last interglacial sequence for the human colonisation of Britain and our understanding of the stratigraphic relationship of interglacial estuarine deposits with their related fluvial terrace sequences is explored.

Published
2018

25. Southwest England

Author

Campbell, S., primary, Hunt, C. O., additional, Scourse, J. D., additional, Keen, D. H., additional, and Croot, D. G., additional

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26. A Middle Palaeolithic site at Lynford Quarry, Mundford, Norfolk : interim statement

Author

Boismier, W., Schreve, D. C., White, M. J., Robertson, D. A., Stuart, A. J., Etienne, S., Andrews, J., Coope, G. R., Field, M., Green, F. M. L., Keen, D. H., Lewis, S. G., French, C. A., Rhodes, E., Schwenninger, J-L., Tovey, K, and O'Connor, S.

Subjects
Mammoths, Neanderthals, Lynford, Handaxes
Abstract

In late February and early March 2002, an archaeological watching brief at Lynford Quarry, Mundford, Norfolk revealed a palaeochannel with a dark organic fill containing in situ mammoth remains and associated Mousterian stone tools and debitage buried under 2–3 m of bedded sands and gravels. Well-preserved in situ Middle Palaeolithic open air sites are very unusal in Europe and exceedingly rare within a British context. As such, the site was identified as being of national and international importance, and was subsequently excavated by the Norfolk Archaeological Unit. Full analysis of the results are pending and this report presents some of the initial results of the excavation. It sets out how the site was excavated, outlines the stratigraphic sequence for the site, and presents some provisional findings of the excavation based on the results of the assessment work carried out to date.

Published
2003

40. A Levallois Knapping Site at West Thurrock, Lower Thames, UK: its Quaternary Context, Environment and Age.

Author

Schreve, D. C., Harding, P., White, M. J., Bridgland, D. R., Allen, P., Clayton, F., Keen, D. H., and Penkman, K. E. H.

Subjects
FLINTKNAPPING, PHYSICAL geology, ANTIQUITIES, ESTUARINE ecology, SOLIFLUCTION
Abstract

Copyright of Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2006
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42. Hominid colonisation and the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic of the West Midlands.

Author

Lang, A.T.O. and Keen, D. H.

Subjects
HOMINIDS, PRIMATES, QUATERNARY forms, PALEOLITHIC Period, STONE Age, ARCHAEOLOGY
Abstract

The recognition over the last 20 years that the Quaternary deposits of the West Midlands cover a longer period of time than previously envisaged has led to a re-analysis of their contained Palaeolithic archaeology. Stone tools have been found in the region for over a hundred years and cover most periods of hominid colonisation from the time of the earliest occupants of the country over half a million years ago. Twentieth century research in the West Midlands, often led by Professor F.W. Shotton at the University of Birmingham, correlated the Palaeolithic of the region with the Quaternary geological sequence as it was then understood. Shotton identified the ‘Wolstonian’ glaciation as the key event of the Midlands Pleistocene, around which a chronology for the Palaeolithic could be built and gave an age of less than 250 kyr for this episode. Work since 1985 has compared the Midlands sequence with the oxygen isotope record of the ocean basins and shown that the concept of a relatively recent ‘Wolstonian’ is now untenable and that the former chronology built around it is too short for the observed events in the area. This new time paradigm, with the earliest occupation of the area thought to be c. 500 kyr, has made necessary a reconsideration of the chronology of the Palaeolithic and Middle Pleistocene of the area. This new time framework brings into critical focus the issue of reworking of the archaeology and its true age. The tools themselves present complications of analysis compared to many other areas containing a Palaeolithic record, perhaps most notably through the use of largely non-flint raw materials, some which may have been introduced into the area by early humans or an hither-to unidentified glacial event. This opportunity to present a new chronology of occupation comes out of the work carried out by the ‘Shotton Project’ based at the University of Birmingham, and by the University of Liverpool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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