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2. A Critical Reflection on ODRL

Author

Kebede, Milen G., Sileno, Giovanni, Van Engers, Tom, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Rodríguez-Doncel, Víctor, editor, Palmirani, Monica, editor, Araszkiewicz, Michał, editor, Casanovas, Pompeu, editor, Pagallo, Ugo, editor, and Sartor, Giovanni, editor

Published
2021
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3. Automating Normative Control for Healthcare Research

Author

Kebede, Milen G., Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Rodríguez-Doncel, Víctor, editor, Palmirani, Monica, editor, Araszkiewicz, Michał, editor, Casanovas, Pompeu, editor, Pagallo, Ugo, editor, and Sartor, Giovanni, editor

Published
2021
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5. Contributors

Author

Fanelwa Ajayi, R., primary, Al-Jaibachi, Rana, additional, Barry, Simone, additional, Bere, Taurai, additional, Callaghan, Amanda, additional, Chakandinakira, Adroit T., additional, Chimuka, Luke, additional, Clokey, Joseph, additional, Cristale, Joyce, additional, da Silva, Ygor J.A.B., additional, da Silva, Yuri J.A.B., additional, Dalu, Tatenda, additional, de Medeiros, Jéssyca Ferreira, additional, de Vilhena Araújo, Eder, additional, Dube, Simiso, additional, Galhardi, Juliana A., additional, Gorji, Sara G., additional, Hantao, Leandro W., additional, Hashemi, Sayyed H., additional, Hawker, Darryl W., additional, Kajau, Tatenda A., additional, Kaserzon, Sarit L., additional, Kaykhaii, Massoud, additional, Kebede, Temesgen G., additional, Khulu, Sinegugu, additional, Kudu, Isaac, additional, Kumar, Ramesh B., additional, Luko-Sulato, Karen, additional, Madikizela, Lawrence M., additional, Mangadze, Tinotenda, additional, Mashile, Geaneth P., additional, Montagner, Cassiana C., additional, Moodley, Brenda, additional, Moyo, Babra, additional, Mpupa, Anele, additional, Muluadzi, Takalani, additional, Munin, Nívea C.G., additional, Musarurwa, Herbert, additional, Mwedzi, Tongayi, additional, Ncube, Somandla, additional, Ndou, Nzumbululo, additional, Nety, Sol S., additional, Ngema, Nokwanda, additional, Nindi, Mathew M., additional, Nkuna, Mulisa, additional, Nqombolo, Azile, additional, Nomngongo, Philiswa N., additional, Nqunqa, Sphamandla, additional, Ntshani, Gershom M., additional, Oruganti, Srinivas, additional, Pillay, Vishalan, additional, Rakgotho, Tessia, additional, Rimayi, Cornelius, additional, Sanganyado, Edmond, additional, Santos, Leandro M., additional, Selahle, Shirley K., additional, Sen, Saikat, additional, Tavengwa, Nikita T., additional, Thipe, Velaphi, additional, Varma, Rahul K., additional, Verhagen, Rory, additional, Vizioli, B.C., additional, Yabuki, Lauren N.M., additional, and Yardy, Lewis D., additional

Published
2022
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10. Political Economy of Industrialization and Industrial Parks in Ethiopia

Author

Kebede, Selamawit G. and Heshmati, Almas

Subjects
political economy, industrialization, ddc:330, J24, Ethiopia, industrial parks, industry growth, industrial strategy, O14, O25, O47, P48
Abstract

This study investigates the political economy of industrialization in Ethiopia. It discusses the economic and political institutions during three political regimes and assesses the industrial sector's performance across these different regimes. Further, it evaluates the different industrial strategies and organizational structures for implementing the industrial policies together with the current industrial park strategy and its contemporary impact on employment creation, export promotion, foreign exchange revenues, the value chain, and spillover effects. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches are used for exploring the role of political economy in Ethiopian industrialization. Different political strategies were followed by the political regimes to support the industrial sector. The paper distinguishes between two extreme political strategies of protectionist import substitution industrialization and the outward strategy of export-oriented industrialization. The study confirms that political institutions negatively impacted industry for several decades. The results support focusing on institutions to successfully implement industry policies for inducing the industrialization process in the country. Policies must be implemented considering existing opportunities and resources in the country along with their respective economic outcomes instead of excessive priority being given to the political interests of the regime in power.

Published
2023

11. Sectoral Linkage in the Ethiopian Economy: A Social Accounting Matrix Multiplier Analysis

Author

Kebede, Selamawit G. and Heshmati, Almas

Subjects
C60, sectoral linkages, multiplier analysis, Q19, social accounting matrix, ddc:330, L70, L60, Ethiopia, O14, L80
Abstract

This research investigates the Ethiopian economy's sectoral linkages. It examines the forward and backward production and total linkages of the industry with the agriculture and service sectors. The import penetration and export intensity of the agriculture-based industry and the manufacturing industry are also discussed. The study used the Ethiopian Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) database and made a multiplier analysis to explore the linkages and estimate the multiplier coefficients. The results show that agriculture has a relatively strong linkage with other sectors while the agriculture-based industry has weak forward linkages, and the manufacturing industry has weak backward and forward linkages with other sectors of the economy. The multiplier analysis shows that an exogenous shock to the agriculture-based industry has a higher multiplier effect than a shock to the manufacturing industry. Economic policy should focus on agriculture-based industry investments to positively augment the Ethiopian industrialization process and the overall economy.

Published
2023

12. Financial Inclusion and Its Effects on Financial Stability, Income Inequality and Monetary Policy Effectiveness: The case of Africa

Author

Kebede, Jeleta G

Subjects
financial inclusion, United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, Africa
Abstract

Inclusive financial systems, whereby everyone enjoys the benefits of financial services, has become one of the top global priorities. Notwithstanding the emphasis on the role of financial inclusion (FI), a large proportion of adults across the world in general, and in low-income countries in particular, are without access to formal financial services. Africa performs worse in terms of FI compared to other developing regions. In addition to ensuring inclusive financial systems, a global consensus has been recently reached regarding the role of inclusive economies in achieving stable and sustainable growth. To ensure inclusive economies, the reduction of inequality within and across countries has become one of the top priorities of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Africa is the second most unequal continent; while it has demonstrated strong economic growth over the past two decades, that growth has not been “pro-poor”. Against such a background, this thesis aims to achieve five major objectives in the context of Africa. Firstly, the thesis multidimensionally develops a measurement of FI using two-stage indexing approach. The results show that extensive margin and geographic coverage of financial services contribute to much of the variation in FI. Secondly, employing an endogenous panel threshold estimation approach, the thesis examines the effect of foreign banks presence on FI and demonstrates that foreign bank presence reduces financial inclusion; however, the negative effect is observed only after a threshold of foreign bank presence is reached. Moreover, it shows that the effect of foreign bank presence depends on institutional quality of the host countries. The results further demonstrate that foreign bank presence enhances the intensive margin but reduces the extensive margin of financial services. Thirdly, employing panel semiparametric regression, this thesis analyses the effect of FI on financial stability and demonstrates that FI below (above) threshold enhances (reduces) financial stability. Moreover, the thesis employs panel quantile regression and finds that the effect of FI depends on initial levels of financial stability. The thesis further shows that the effect of FI on financial stability is reinforced in a competitive financial market structure. Fourthly, using endogenous panel threshold estimation, the thesis examines the effect of FI on income inequality and shows that only FI above a threshold reduces income inequality. Employing panel quantile regression, this thesis finds that the effect of FI depends on initial levels of income inequality. It further demonstrates that the favourable distributional impact of FI is reinforced at higher levels of institutional quality. Finally, by employing a heterogenous panel estimation approach, the thesis analyses the relationship between FI and effectiveness of inflation targeting monetary policy. The results demonstrate that common shocks do not have significant effect in the case of full sample countries and nonmonetary union countries. In the case of monetary union countries, West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), the thesis finds that idiosyncratic, common and composite shocks have significant impacts, with varying magnitudes, signs, times of response and persistence. Emphasizing on WAEMU, this thesis demonstrates effectiveness of monetary policy is differently associated with the dimensions and indicators of FI. Overall, FI shocks temporarily increase inflation; deposit shocks reduce inflation; and credit shocks increase inflation. Central bank policy rate increases to credit shocks indicating that the monetary authority responds to credit shocks by implementing contractionary monetary policy. The findings of the thesis imply that, in Africa, promoting financial inclusion is crucial to achieve stable financial system, inclusive economy, and effective monetary policy. The results indicate that while promotion of FI in general is important, an emphasis on the extensive margin and geographic outreach of financial services is crucial. The results also highlight that competitive financial structure is vital for reinforcing the positive effect of FI on financial stability. The results further imply that improving institutional quality is critical to reinforce income inequality reducing effect of FI, and to utilize foreign bank presence as an opportunity to enhance an inclusive financial system amidst ever-increasing financial globalization.

Published
2022
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13. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve biomass, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency of Opuntia ficus-indica(L.) Miller under different water levels

Author

Kebede, Teame G., Birhane, Emiru, Ayimut, Kiros-Meles, and Egziabher, Yemane G.

Abstract

Opuntia ficus-indica(L.) Miller is a CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) plant with an extraordinary capacity to adapt to drought stress by its ability to fix atmospheric CO2at nighttime, store a significant amount of water in cladodes, and reduce root growth. Plants that grow in moisture-stress conditions with thick and less fine root hairs have a strong symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to adapt to drought stress. Water stress can limit plant growth and biomass production, which can be rehabilitated by AMF association through improved physiological performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of AMF inoculations and variable soil water levels on the biomass, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency of the spiny and spineless O. ficus-indica. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with a full factorial experiment using O. ficus-indicatype (spiny or spineless), AMF (presence or absence), and four soil water available (SWA) treatments through seven replications. Water treatments applied were 0%–25% SWA (T1), 25%–50% SWA (T2), 50%–75% SWA (T3), and 75%–100% SWA (T4). Drought stress reduced biomass and cladode growth, while AMF colonization significantly increased the biomass production with significant changes in the physiological performance of O. ficus-indica. AMF presence significantly increased biomass of both O. ficus-indicaplant types through improved growth, photosynthetic water use efficiency, and photosynthesis. The presence of spines on the surface of cladodes significantly reduced the rate of photosynthesis and photosynthetic water use efficiency. Net photosynthesis, photosynthetic water use efficiency, transpiration, and stomatal conductance rate significantly decreased with increased drought stress. Under drought stress, some planted mother cladodes with the absence of AMF have not established daughter cladodes, whereas AMF-inoculated mother cladodes fully established daughter cladodes. AMF root colonization significantly increased with the decrease of SWA. AMF caused an increase in biomass production, increased tolerance to drought stress, and improved photosynthesis and water use efficiency performance of O. ficus-indica. The potential of O. ficus-indicato adapt to drought stress is controlled by the morpho-physiological performance related to AMF association.

Published
2023
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14. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Tran, K, Lang, J, Compton, K, Xu, R, Acheson, A, Henrikson, H, Kocarnik, J, Penberthy, L, Aali, A, Abbas, Q, Abbasi, B, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbastabar, H, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdelwahab, A, Abdoli, G, Abdulkadir, H, Abedi, A, Abegaz, K, Abidi, H, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Absalan, A, Abtew, Y, Abubaker Ali, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Achappa, B, Acuna, J, Addison, D, Addo, I, Adegboye, O, Adesina, M, Adnan, M, Adnani, Q, Advani, S, Afrin, S, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, R, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, L, Ahmed, M, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aiman, W, Ajami, M, Akalu, G, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, M, Aklilu, A, Akonde, M, Akunna, C, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Alessy, S, Algammal, A, Al-Hanawi, M, Alhassan, R, Ali, B, Ali, L, Ali, S, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alkhayyat, M, Al-Maweri, S, Almustanyir, S, Alonso, N, Alqalyoobi, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Al-Rifai, R, Al-Sabah, S, Al-Tammemi, A, Altawalah, H, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, F, Ameyaw, E, Aminian Dehkordi, J, Amirzade-Iranaq, M, Amu, H, Amusa, G, Ancuceanu, R, Anderson, J, Animut, Y, Anoushiravani, A, Anoushirvani, A, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Ansha, M, Antony, B, Antwi, M, Anwar, S, Anwer, R, Anyasodor, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Argaw, A, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Aruleba, R, Aryannejad, A, Asaad, M, Asemahagn, M, Asemi, Z, Asghari-Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Assadi, R, Athar, M, Athari, S, Atout, M, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awedew, A, Awoke, M, Awoke, T, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayana, T, Ayen, S, Azadi, D, Azadnajafabad, S, Azami-Aghdash, S, Azanaw, M, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Azari Jafari, A, Azizi, H, Azzam, A, Babajani, A, Badar, M, Badiye, A, Baghcheghi, N, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bahadory, S, Baig, A, Baker, J, Bakhtiari, A, Bakshi, R, Banach, M, Banerjee, I, Bardhan, M, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Bashir, N, Bashiri, A, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Begum, A, Bekele, A, Belay, A, Belete, M, Belgaumi, U, Bell, A, Belo, L, Benzian, H, Berhie, A, Bermudez, A, Bernabe, E, Bhagavathula, A, Bhala, N, Bhandari, B, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, V, Bhuyan, S, Bibi, S, Bilchut, A, Bintoro, B, Biondi, A, Birega, M, Birhan, H, Bjorge, T, Blyuss, O, Bodicha, B, Bolla, S, Boloor, A, Bosetti, C, Braithwaite, D, Brauer, M, Brenner, H, Briko, A, Briko, N, Buchanan, C, Bulamu, N, Bustamante-Teixeira, M, Butt, M, Butt, N, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Camera, L, Cao, C, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Carvalho, M, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Chakraborty, P, Charalampous, P, Chattu, V, Chimed-Ochir, O, Chirinos-Caceres, J, Cho, D, Cho, W, Christopher, D, Chu, D, Chukwu, I, Cohen, A, Conde, J, Cortes, S, Costa, V, Cruz-Martins, N, Culbreth, G, Dadras, O, Dagnaw, F, Dahlawi, S, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Danielewicz, A, Dao, A, Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, R, Darwesh, A, Das, S, Davitoiu, D, Davtalab Esmaeili, E, De la Hoz, F, Debela, S, Dehghan, A, Demisse, B, Demisse, F, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Derakhshani, A, Derbew Molla, M, Dereje, D, Deribe, K, Desai, R, Desalegn, M, Dessalegn, F, Dessalegni, S, Dessie, G, Desta, A, Dewan, S, Dharmaratne, S, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diao, N, Diaz, D, Digesa, L, Dixit, S, Doaei, S, Doan, L, Doku, P, Dongarwar, D, dos Santos, W, Driscoll, T, Dsouza, H, Durojaiye, O, Edalati, S, Eghbalian, F, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Eini, E, Ekholuenetale, M, Ekundayo, T, Ekwueme, D, El Tantawi, M, Elbahnasawy, M, Elbarazi, I, Elghazaly, H, Elhadi, M, El-Huneidi, W, Emamian, M, Engelbert Bain, L, Enyew, D, Erkhembayar, R, Eshetu, T, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Espinosa-Montero, J, Etaee, F, Etemadimanesh, A, Eyayu, T, Ezeonwumelu, I, Ezzikouri, S, Fagbamigbe, A, Fahimi, S, Fakhradiyev, I, Faraon, E, Fares, J, Farmany, A, Farooque, U, Farrokhpour, H, Fasanmi, A, Fatehizadeh, A, Fatima, W, Fattahi, H, Fekadu, G, Feleke, B, Ferrari, A, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foroumadi, R, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, P, Gad, M, Gadanya, M, Gaipov, A, Galehdar, N, Gallus, S, Garg, T, Gaspar Fonseca, M, Gebremariam, Y, Gebremeskel, T, Gebremichael, M, Geda, Y, Gela, Y, Gemeda, B, Getachew, M, Ghaffari, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S, Ghasemi Nour, M, Ghassemi, F, Ghimire, A, Ghith, N, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq, J, Ghozy, S, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Ginindza, T, Gizaw, A, Glasbey, J, Godos, J, Goel, A, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golinelli, D, Golitaleb, M, Gorini, G, Goulart, B, Grosso, G, Guadie, H, Gubari, M, Gudayu, T, Guerra, M, Gunawardane, D, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, V, Gurara, M, Guta, A, Habibzadeh, P, Haddadi Avval, A, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hajj Ali, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halboub, E, Halimi, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, R, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Hariri, S, Harlianto, N, Haro, J, Hartono, R, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, S, Hasani, H, Hashemi, S, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Heidarymeybodi, Z, Herrera-Serna, B, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hlongwa, M, Holla, R, Holm, M, Horita, N, Hoseini, M, Hossain, M, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, A, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Huang, J, Hugo, F, Humayun, A, Hussain, S, Hussein, N, Hwang, B, Ibitoye, S, Iftikhar, P, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Immurana, M, Innos, K, Iranpour, P, Irham, L, Islam, M, Islam, R, Islami, F, Ismail, N, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, J, L, Jaiswal, A, Jakovljevic, M, Jalili, M, Jalilian, S, Jamshidi, E, Jang, S, Jani, C, Javaheri, T, Jayarajah, U, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, S, Jebai, R, Jemal, B, Jeong, W, Jha, R, Jindal, H, John-Akinola, Y, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kacimi, S, Kadashetti, V, Kahe, F, Kakodkar, P, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamal, V, Kamangar, F, Kamath, A, Kanchan, T, Kandaswamy, E, Kandel, H, Kang, H, Kanno, G, Kapoor, N, Kar, S, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karch, A, Karimi, A, Kassa, B, Katoto, P, Kauppila, J, Kaur, H, Kebede, A, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Kejela, G, Kemp Bohan, P, Keramati, M, Keykhaei, M, Khajuria, H, Khan, A, Khan, E, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khanali, J, Khatab, K, Khatatbeh, M, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khayat Kashani, H, Khazeei Tabari, M, Khezeli, M, Khodadost, M, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Klugar, M, Klugarova, J, Kolahi, A, Kolkhir, P, Kompani, F, Koul, P, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, Y, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kulimbet, M, Kumar, A, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kurmi, O, Kuttikkattu, A, La Vecchia, C, Lahiri, A, Lal, D, Lam, J, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Larijani, B, Lasrado, S, Lau, J, Lauriola, P, Ledda, C, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Legesse, S, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, M, Lim, S, Liu, G, Liu, J, Lo, C, Lohiya, A, Lopukhov, P, Lorenzovici, L, Lotfi, M, Loureiro, J, Lunevicius, R, Madadizadeh, F, Mafi, A, Magdeldin, S, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahmoudi, M, Mahmoudimanesh, M, Mahumud, R, Majeed, A, Majidpoor, J, Makki, A, Makris, K, Malakan Rad, E, Malekpour, M, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Mallhi, T, Mallya, S, Mamun, M, Manda, A, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martini, S, Martorell, M, Masoudi, S, Masoumi, S, Matei, C, Mathews, E, Mathur, M, Mathur, V, Mckee, M, Meena, J, Mehmood, K, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mehrotra, R, Melese, A, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, S, Mensah, L, Mentis, A, Mera-Mamian, A, Meretoja, T, Merid, M, Mersha, A, Meselu, B, Meshkat, M, Mestrovic, T, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Mijena, G, Miller, T, Mir, S, Mirinezhad, S, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Mirzaei, H, Misganaw, A, Misra, S, Mohammad, K, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohan, S, Mohseni, M, Moka, N, Mokdad, A, Molassiotis, A, Molokhia, M, Momenzadeh, K, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Mons, U, Montasir, A, Montazeri, F, Montero, A, Moosavi, M, Moradi, A, Moradi, Y, Moradi Sarabi, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Morrison, S, Morze, J, Mosapour, A, Mostafavi, E, Mousavi, S, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mubarik, S, Mulita, F, Munblit, D, Munro, S, Murillo-Zamora, E, Musa, J, Nabhan, A, Nagarajan, A, Nagaraju, S, Nagel, G, Naghipour, M, Naimzada, M, Nair, T, Naqvi, A, Narasimha Swamy, S, Narayana, A, Nassereldine, H, Natto, Z, Nayak, B, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, S, Negash, W, Nejadghaderi, S, Nejati, K, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, H, Niazi, R, Noor, N, Noori, M, Noroozi, N, Nouraei, H, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Odukoya, O, Oghenetega, O, Ogunsakin, R, Oguntade, A, Oh, I, Okati-Aliabad, H, Okekunle, A, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olakunde, B, Olufadewa, I, Omer, E, Omonisi, A, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, O, Orru, H, Otstavnov, S, Oulhaj, A, Oumer, B, Owopetu, O, Oyinloye, B, P A, M, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, J, Pakbin, B, Pakshir, K, Pakzad, R, Palicz, T, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Pant, S, Pardhan, S, Park, E, Park, S, Patel, J, Pati, S, Paudel, R, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pazoki Toroudi, H, Peng, M, Pereira, J, Pereira, R, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Pestell, R, Pezzani, R, Piccinelli, C, Pillay, J, Piracha, Z, Pischon, T, Postma, M, Pourabhari Langroudi, A, Pourshams, A, Pourtaheri, N, Prashant, A, Qadir, M, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, R, Radhakrishnan, V, Raeisi, M, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Raheem, N, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Rahmani, S, Rahmanian, V, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, A, Rashidi, M, Ratan, Z, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, M, Rehman, A, Rehman, I, Reitsma, M, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Rezaei, S, Rezaeian, M, Rezapour, A, Riad, A, Rikhtegar, R, Rios-Blancas, M, Roberts, T, Rohloff, P, Romero-Rodriguez, E, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, G, S, M, Saber-Ayad, M, Saberzadeh-Ardestani, B, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Safaei, M, Safary, A, Sahebazzamani, M, Sahebkar, A, 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Z., Yousefi Z., Yousefian F., Yu C., Yu Y., Yunusa I., Zahir M., Zaki N., Zaman B. A., Zangiabadian M., Zare F., Zare I., Zareshahrabadi Z., Zarrintan A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zeineddine M. A., Zhang D., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhang Z. -J., Zhou L., Zodpey S., Zoladl M., Vos T., Hay S. I., Force L. M., Murray C. J. 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Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, F, Ameyaw, E, Aminian Dehkordi, J, Amirzade-Iranaq, M, Amu, H, Amusa, G, Ancuceanu, R, Anderson, J, Animut, Y, Anoushiravani, A, Anoushirvani, A, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Ansha, M, Antony, B, Antwi, M, Anwar, S, Anwer, R, Anyasodor, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Argaw, A, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Aruleba, R, Aryannejad, A, Asaad, M, Asemahagn, M, Asemi, Z, Asghari-Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Assadi, R, Athar, M, Athari, S, Atout, M, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awedew, A, Awoke, M, Awoke, T, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayana, T, Ayen, S, Azadi, D, Azadnajafabad, S, Azami-Aghdash, S, Azanaw, M, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Azari Jafari, A, Azizi, H, Azzam, A, Babajani, A, Badar, M, Badiye, A, Baghcheghi, N, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bahadory, S, Baig, A, Baker, J, Bakhtiari, A, Bakshi, R, Banach, M, Banerjee, I, Bardhan, M, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Bashir, N, Bashiri, A, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Begum, A, 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B., Lang J. J., Compton K., Xu R., Acheson A. R., Henrikson H. J., Kocarnik J. M., Penberthy L., Aali A., Abbas Q., Abbasi B., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbasi-Kangevari Z., Abbastabar H., Abdelmasseh M., Abd-Elsalam S., Abdelwahab A. A., Abdoli G., Abdulkadir H. A., Abedi A., Abegaz K. H., Abidi H., Aboagye R. G., Abolhassani H., Absalan A., Abtew Y. D., Abubaker Ali H., Abu-Gharbieh E., Achappa B., Acuna J. M., Addison D., Addo I. Y., Adegboye O. A., Adesina M. A., Adnan M., Adnani Q. E. S., Advani S. M., Afrin S., Afzal M. S., Aggarwal M., Ahinkorah B. O., Ahmad A. R., Ahmad R., Ahmad S., Ahmadi S., Ahmed H., Ahmed L. A., Ahmed M. B., Ahmed Rashid T., Aiman W., Ajami M., Akalu G. T., Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M., Aklilu A., Akonde M., Akunna C. J., Al Hamad H., Alahdab F., Alanezi F. M., Alanzi T. M., Alessy S. A., Algammal A. M., Al-Hanawi M. K., Alhassan R. K., Ali B. A., Ali L., Ali S. S., Alimohamadi Y., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Alkhayyat M., Al-Maweri S. A. A., Almustanyir S., Alonso N., Alqalyoobi S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Al-Rifai R. H. H., Al-Sabah S. K., Al-Tammemi A. B., Altawalah H., Alvis-Guzman N., Amare F., Ameyaw E. K., Aminian Dehkordi J. J., Amirzade-Iranaq M. H., Amu H., Amusa G. A., Ancuceanu R., Anderson J. A., Animut Y. A., Anoushiravani A., Anoushirvani A. A., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Ansha M. G., Antony B., Antwi M. H., Anwar S. L., Anwer R., Anyasodor A. E., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aremu O., Argaw A. M., Ariffin H., Aripov T., Arshad M., Artaman A., Arulappan J., Aruleba R. T., Aryannejad A., Asaad M., Asemahagn M. A., Asemi Z., Asghari-Jafarabadi M., Ashraf T., Assadi R., Athar M., Athari S. S., Atout M. M. W., Attia S., Aujayeb A., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Awedew A. F., Awoke M. A., Awoke T., Ayala Quintanilla B. P., Ayana T. M., Ayen S. S., Azadi D., Azadnajafabad S., Azami-Aghdash S., Azanaw M. M., Azangou-Khyavy M., Azari Jafari A., Azizi H., Azzam A. Y. Y., Babajani A., Badar M., Badiye A. D., Baghcheghi N., Bagheri N., Bagherieh S., Bahadory S., Baig A. A., Baker J. L., Bakhtiari A., Bakshi R. K., Banach M., Banerjee I., Bardhan M., Barone-Adesi F., Barra F., Barrow A., Bashir N. Z., Bashiri A., Basu S., Batiha A. -M. M., Begum A., Bekele A. B., Belay A. S., Belete M. A., Belgaumi U. I., Bell A. W., Belo L., Benzian H., Berhie A. Y., Bermudez A. N. C., Bernabe E., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhala N., Bhandari B. B., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bhojaraja V. S., Bhuyan S. S., Bibi S., Bilchut A. H., Bintoro B. S., Biondi A., Birega M. G. B., Birhan H. E., Bjorge T., Blyuss O., Bodicha B. B. A., Bolla S. R., Boloor A., Bosetti C., Braithwaite D., Brauer M., Brenner H., Briko A. N., Briko N. I., Buchanan C. M., Bulamu N. B., Bustamante-Teixeira M. T., Butt M. H., Butt N. S., Butt Z. A., Caetano dos Santos F. L., Camera L. A., Cao C., Cao Y., Carreras G., Carvalho M., Cembranel F., Cerin E., Chakraborty P. A., Charalampous P., Chattu V. 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A., Khanali J., Khatab K., Khatatbeh M. M., Khatib M. N., Khayamzadeh M., Khayat Kashani H. R., Khazeei Tabari M. A., Khezeli M., Khodadost M., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa A., Kisa S., Klugar M., Klugarova J., Kolahi A. -A., Kolkhir P., Kompani F., Koul P. A., Koulmane Laxminarayana S. L., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Krishnamoorthy Y., Kucuk Bicer B., Kugbey N., Kulimbet M., Kumar A., Kumar G. A., Kumar N., Kurmi O. P., Kuttikkattu A., La Vecchia C., Lahiri A., Lal D. K., Lam J., Lan Q., Landires I., Larijani B., Lasrado S., Lau J., Lauriola P., Ledda C., Lee S. -W., Lee S. W. H., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. Y., Lee Y. H., Legesse S. M., Leigh J., Leong E., Li M. -C., Lim S. S., Liu G., Liu J., Lo C. -H., Lohiya A., Lopukhov P. D., Lorenzovici L., Lotfi M., Loureiro J. A., Lunevicius R., Madadizadeh F., Mafi A. R., Magdeldin S., Mahjoub S., Mahmoodpoor A., Mahmoudi M., Mahmoudimanesh M., Mahumud R. A., Majeed A., Majidpoor J., Makki A., Makris K. C., Malakan Rad E., Malekpour M. -R., Malekzadeh R., Malik A. A., Mallhi T. H., Mallya S. D., Mamun M. A., Manda A. L., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Mansouri B., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martini S., Martorell M., Masoudi S., Masoumi S. Z., Matei C. N., Mathews E., Mathur M. R., Mathur V., McKee M., Meena J. K., Mehmood K., Mehrabi Nasab E., Mehrotra R., Melese A., Mendoza W., Menezes R. G., Mengesha S. D., Mensah L. G., Mentis A. -F. A., Mera-Mamian A. Y. M., Meretoja T. J., Merid M. W., Mersha A. G., Meselu B. T., Meshkat M., Mestrovic T., Miao Jonasson J., Miazgowski T., Michalek I. M., Mijena G. F. W., Miller T. R., Mir S. A., Mirinezhad S. K., Mirmoeeni S., Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M., Mirzaei H., Mirzaei H. R., Misganaw A. S., Misra S., Mohammad K. A., Mohammadi E., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohammed A., Mohammed S., Mohan S., Mohseni M., Moka N., Mokdad A. H., Molassiotis A., Molokhia M., Momenzadeh K., Momtazmanesh S., Monasta L., Mons U., Montasir A. A., Montazeri F., Montero A., Moosavi M. A., Moradi A., Moradi Y., Moradi Sarabi M., Moraga P., Morawska L., Morrison S. D., Morze J., Mosapour A., Mostafavi E., Mousavi S. M., Mousavi Isfahani H., Mousavi Khaneghah A., Mpundu-Kaambwa C., Mubarik S., Mulita F., Munblit D., Munro S. B., Murillo-Zamora E., Musa J., Nabhan A. F., Nagarajan A. J., Nagaraju S. P., Nagel G., Naghipour M., Naimzada M. D., Nair T. S., Naqvi A. A., Narasimha Swamy S., Narayana A. I., Nassereldine H., Natto Z. S., Nayak B. P., Ndejjo R., Nduaguba S. O., Negash W. W., Nejadghaderi S. A., Nejati K., Neupane Kandel S., Nguyen H. V. N., Niazi R. K., Noor N. M., Noori M., Noroozi N., Nouraei H., Nowroozi A., Nunez-Samudio V., Nzoputam C. I., Nzoputam O. J., Oancea B., Odukoya O. O., Oghenetega O. B., Ogunsakin R. E., Oguntade A. S., Oh I. -H., Okati-Aliabad H., Okekunle A. P., Olagunju A. T., Olagunju T. O., Olakunde B. O., Olufadewa I. I., Omer E., Omonisi A. E. E., Ong S., Onwujekwe O. E., Orru H., Otstavnov S. S., Oulhaj A., Oumer B., Owopetu O. F., Oyinloye B. E., P A M., Padron-Monedero A., Padubidri J. R., Pakbin B., Pakshir K., Pakzad R., Palicz T., Pana A., Pandey A., Pant S., Pardhan S., Park E. -C., Park E. -K., Park S., Patel J., Pati S., Paudel R., Paudel U., Paun M., Pazoki Toroudi H., Peng M., Pereira J., Pereira R. B., Perna S., Perumalsamy N., Pestell R. G., Pezzani R., Piccinelli C., Pillay J. D., Piracha Z. Z., Pischon T., Postma M. J., Pourabhari Langroudi A., Pourshams A., Pourtaheri N., Prashant A., Qadir M. M. F., Quazi Syed Z., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Radfar A., Radhakrishnan R. A., Radhakrishnan V., Raeisi M., Rafiee A., Rafiei A., Raheem N., Rahim F., Rahman M. O., Rahman M., Rahman M. A., Rahmani A. M., Rahmani S., Rahmanian V., Rajai N., Rajesh A., Ram P., Ramezanzadeh K., Rana J., Ranabhat K., Ranasinghe P., Rao C. R., Rao S. J., Rashedi S., Rashidi A., Rashidi M., Rashidi M. -M., Ratan Z. A., Rawaf D. L., Rawaf S., Rawal L., Rawassizadeh R., Razeghinia M. S., Rehman A. U., Rehman I. U., Reitsma M. B., Renzaho A. M. N., Rezaei M., Rezaei N., Rezaei S., Rezaeian M., Rezapour A., Riad A., Rikhtegar R., Rios-Blancas M., Roberts T. J., Rohloff P., Romero-Rodriguez E., Roshandel G., Rwegerera G. M., S M., Saber-Ayad M. M., Saberzadeh-Ardestani B., Sabour S., Saddik B., Sadeghi E., Saeb M. R., Saeed U., Safaei M., Safary A., Sahebazzamani M., Sahebkar A., Sahoo H., Sajid M. R., Salari H., Salehi S., Salem M. R., Salimzadeh H., Samodra Y. L., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sankararaman S., Sanmarchi F., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Saqib M. A. N., Sarveazad A., Sarvi F., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Sayegh N., Schneider I. J. C., Schwarzinger M., Sekerija M., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Seylani A., Seyoum K., Sha F., Shafaat O., Shah P. A., Shahabi S., Shahid I., Shahrbaf M. A., Shahsavari H. R., Shaikh M. A., Shaka M. F., Shaker E., Shannawaz M., Sharew M. M. S., Sharifi A., Sharifi-Rad J., Sharma P., Shashamo B. B., Sheikh A., Sheikh M., Sheikhbahaei S., Sheikhi R. A., Sheikhy A., Shepherd P. R., Shetty A., Shetty J. K., Shetty R. S., Shibuya K., Shirkoohi R., Shirzad-Aski H., Shivakumar K. M., Shivalli S., Shivarov V., Shobeiri P., Shokri Varniab Z., Shorofi S. A., Shrestha S., Sibhat M. M., Siddappa Malleshappa S. K., Sidemo N. B., Silva D. A. S., Silva L. M. L. R., Silva Julian G., Silvestris N., Simegn W., Singh A. D., Singh A., Singh G., Singh H., Singh J. A., Singh J. K., Singh P., Singh S., Sinha D. N., Sinke A. H., Siraj M. S., Sitas F., Siwal S. S., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Socea B., Soeberg M. J., Sofi-Mahmudi A., Solomon Y., Soltani-Zangbar M. S., Song S., Song Y., Sorensen R. J. D., Soshnikov S., Sotoudeh H., Sowe A., Sufiyan M. B., Suk R., Suleman M., Suliankatchi Abdulkader R., Sultana S., Sur D., Szocska M., Tabaeian S. P., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tabatabaei S. M., Tabuchi T., Tadbiri H., Taheri E., Taheri M., Taheri Soodejani M., Takahashi K., Talaat I. M., Tampa M., Tan K. -K., Tat N. Y., Tat V. Y., Tavakoli A., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Tekalegn Y., Tesfay F. H., Thapar R., Thavamani A., Thoguluva Chandrasekar V., Thomas N., Thomas N. K., Ticoalu J. H. V., Tiyuri A., Tollosa D. N., Topor-Madry R., Touvier M., Tovani-Palone M. R., Traini E., Tran M. T. N., Tripathy J. P., Ukke G. G., Ullah I., Ullah S., Unnikrishnan B., Vacante M., Vaezi M., Valadan Tahbaz S., Valdez P. R., Vardavas C., Varthya S. B., Vaziri S., Velazquez D. Z., Veroux M., Villeneuve P. J., Violante F. S., Vladimirov S. K., Vlassov V., Vo B., Vu L. G., Wadood A. W., Waheed Y., Walde M. T., Wamai R. G., Wang C., Wang F., Wang N., Wang Y., Ward P., Waris A., Westerman R., Wickramasinghe N. D., Woldemariam M., Woldu B., Xiao H., Xu S., Xu X., Yadav L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yang L., Yazdanpanah F., Yeshaw Y., Yismaw Y., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yousefi Z., Yousefian F., Yu C., Yu Y., Yunusa I., Zahir M., Zaki N., Zaman B. A., Zangiabadian M., Zare F., Zare I., Zareshahrabadi Z., Zarrintan A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zeineddine M. A., Zhang D., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhang Z. -J., Zhou L., Zodpey S., Zoladl M., Vos T., Hay S. I., Force L. M., and Murray C. J. L.

Abstract

Background: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [2

Published
2022

15. Financial Inclusion and Its Effects on Financial Stability, Income Inequality and Monetary Policy Effectiveness: The case of Africa

Author

Selvanathan, Saroja, Naranpanawa, Athula, Kebede, Jeleta G, Selvanathan, Saroja, Naranpanawa, Athula, and Kebede, Jeleta G

Abstract

Inclusive financial systems, whereby everyone enjoys the benefits of financial services, has become one of the top global priorities. Notwithstanding the emphasis on the role of financial inclusion (FI), a large proportion of adults across the world in general, and in low-income countries in particular, are without access to formal financial services. Africa performs worse in terms of FI compared to other developing regions. In addition to ensuring inclusive financial systems, a global consensus has been recently reached regarding the role of inclusive economies in achieving stable and sustainable growth. To ensure inclusive economies, the reduction of inequality within and across countries has become one of the top priorities of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Africa is the second most unequal continent; while it has demonstrated strong economic growth over the past two decades, that growth has not been “pro-poor”. Against such a background, this thesis aims to achieve five major objectives in the context of Africa. Firstly, the thesis multidimensionally develops a measurement of FI using two-stage indexing approach. The results show that extensive margin and geographic coverage of financial services contribute to much of the variation in FI. Secondly, employing an endogenous panel threshold estimation approach, the thesis examines the effect of foreign banks presence on FI and demonstrates that foreign bank presence reduces financial inclusion; however, the negative effect is observed only after a threshold of foreign bank presence is reached. Moreover, it shows that the effect of foreign bank presence depends on institutional quality of the host countries. The results further demonstrate that foreign bank presence enhances the intensive margin but reduces the extensive margin of financial services. Thirdly, employing panel semiparametric regression, this thesis analyses the effect of FI on financial stability and demonstrates that FI below (abo, Thesis (PhD Doctorate), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Dept Account,Finance & Econ, Griffith Business School, Full Text

Published
2022

16. Evaluation of live-body weight and the number of eggs produced for introduced and local chickens in Ethiopia

Author

Alemu, Setegn W., Hanotte, Olivier, Kebede, Fasil G., Esatu, Wondmeneh, Abegaz, Solomon, Bruno, Jasmine E., Abrar, Biazen, Alemayehu, Tesfahun, Mrode, Raphael, Dessie, Tadelle, Alemu, Setegn W., Hanotte, Olivier, Kebede, Fasil G., Esatu, Wondmeneh, Abegaz, Solomon, Bruno, Jasmine E., Abrar, Biazen, Alemayehu, Tesfahun, Mrode, Raphael, and Dessie, Tadelle

Abstract

Ethiopia’s 60 million chickens are reared primarily in free range, smallholder systems. Therefore, upgrading smallholder poultry to small-scale commercial systems is central to rural development. With the aim of providing access to improved chicken by rural farmers in Ethiopia, the live body weight at week 17 and number of eggs per bird per week for one locally improved and three tropically adapted dual-purpose chicken strains was tested through a project called the African Chicken Genetic Gains. Both traits were analyzed by fitting a linear mixed model with week and pen as random effects, and station and breed as fixed effects. The result showed that both breed and station effects were significant for both traits. The introduced breeds performed better than the local improved breed for both traits. Thus, the introduction of system-appropriate high-yielding tropically adapted breeds has the potential to increase the productivity of chicken.

Published
2021

17. Dynamic generation of access control policies from social policies

Author

van Binsbergen, L. Thomas, Kebede, Milen G., Baugh, Joshua, Engers, Tom Van, van Vuurden, Dannis G., Shakshuki, Elhadi, and Yasar, Ansar

Abstract

Access to and processing of personal data is regulated by norms that are written down in legal source documents, including laws, regulations and contracts. Compliance can be automated through the formalisation of these norms, reducing human effort and making the applied interpretations explicit. In addition, trust between parties may increase, thus promoting collaborations to gain more insights from sharing data. Although several policy specification languages have been proposed, there are not many that can be used to specify both social policies, such as privacy regulations and contracts, and system-level policies such as those used for access control. In this work, we present extensions to eFLINT, a domain-specific language developed to formalise norms from various sources. The extensions make it possible to interconnect social and system-level policies. We demonstrate the new features of eFLINT within the healthcare domain by formalising the regulatory document of the SIOPE DIPG/DMG Network, a consortium established to advance research into a rare form of pediatric brain cancer, and by showing how the resulting specifications are used to automate compliance checking of access and processing requests made by members of the consortium.

Published
2021

19. Energy use and labor productivity in Ethiopia : The case of the manufacturing industry

Author

Kebede, Selamawit G., Heshmati, Almas, Kebede, Selamawit G., and Heshmati, Almas

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of energy use on labor productivity in the Ethiopian manufacturing industry. It uses panel data for the manufacturing industry groups to estimate the coefficients using the dynamic panel estimator. The study's results confirm that energy use increases manufacturing labor productivity. The coefficients for the control variables are in keeping with theoretical predictions. Capital positively augments productivity in the industries. Based on our results, technology induces manufacturing's labor productivity. Likewise, more labor employment induces labor productivity due to the dominance of labor-intensive manufacturing industries in Ethiopia. Alternative model specifications provide evidence of a robust link between energy and labor productivity in the Ethiopian manufacturing industry. Our results imply that there needs to be more focus on the efficient use of energy, labor, capital, and technology to increase the manufacturing industry's labor productivity and to overcome the premature deindustrialization patterns being seen in Ethiopia. © 2020 by the authors.

Published
2020
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20. Comparing van der Waals DFT methods for water on NaCl(001) and MgO(001).

Author

Kebede, Getachew G., Spångberg, Daniel, Mitev, Pavlin D., Broqvist, Peter, and Hermansson, Kersti

Subjects
*QUASIMOLECULES, *DENSITY functionals, *ENERGY dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, *MOLECULAR dynamics, *QUANTUM perturbations
Abstract

In this work, a range of van der Waals type density functionals are applied to the H2O/NaCl(001) and H2O/MgO(001) interface systems to explore the effect of an explicit dispersion treatment. The functionals we use are the self-consistent vdW functionalsvdW-DF,vdW-DF2, optPBE-vdW, optB88- vdW, optB86b-vdW, and vdW-DF-cx, as well as the dispersion-corrected PBE-TS and PBE-D2 methods; they are all compared with the standard PBE functional. For both NaCl(001) and MgO(001), we find that the dispersion-flavoured functionals stabilize thewater-surface interface by approximately 20%-40% compared to the PBE results. For NaCl(001), where the water molecules remain intact for all overlayers, the dominant contribution to the adsorption energy from "density functional theory dispersion" stems from the water-surface interactions rather than the water-water interactions. The optPBE-vdW and vdW-DF-cx functionals yield adsorption energies in good agreement with available experimental values for both NaCl and MgO. To probe the strengths of the perturbations of the adsorbed water molecules, we also calculated water dipole moments and found an increase up to 85% for water at the MgO(001) surface and 70% at the NaCl(001) surface, compared to the gas-phase dipole moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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24. Hydrogen-Bond Relations for Surface OH Species

Author

Kebede, Getachew G., Mitev, Pavlin D., Broqvist, Peter, Kullgren, Jolla, and Hermansson, Kersti

Abstract

This paper concerns thin water films and their hydrogen-bond patterns on ionic surfaces. As far as we are aware, this is the first time H-bond correlations for surface water and hydroxide species are presented in the literature while hydrogen-bond relations in the solid state have been scrutinized for at least five decades. Our data set, which was derived using density functional theory, consists of 116 unique surface OH groups–intact water molecules as well as hydroxides–on MgO(001), CaO(001) and NaCl(001), covering the whole range fromstrong toweak tono H-bonds. The intact surface water molecules are found to always be redshifted with respect to the gas-phase water OH vibrational frequency, whereas the surface hydroxide groups are either redshifted (OsH) or blueshifted (OHf) compared to the gas-phase OH–frequency. The surface H-bond relations are compared with the traditional relations for bulk crystals. We find that the “ν(OH) vs R(H···O)” correlation curve for surface water does not coincide with the solid state curve: it is redshifted by about 200 cm–1or more. The intact water molecules and hydroxide groups on the ionic surfaces essentially follow the same H-bond correlation curve.

Published
2024
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27. Association of Periodontal Destruction and Diabetes with Mortality.

Author

Kebede, T. G., Holtfreter, B., Kocher, T., Meisel, P., Dietrich, T., Biffar, R., Dörr, M., Völzke, H., and Pink, C.

Subjects
PERIODONTAL disease, GLYCEMIC control, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, DIABETES, MORTALITY risk factors, PERIODONTITIS, PHYSIOLOGY, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Current evidence indicates the effects of periodontitis on diabetes as well as mortality, for which diabetes itself represents a risk factor. However, the possible interaction of these 2 chronic conditions regarding mortality has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether periodontal destruction interacts with diabetes on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality or if diabetes serves as a mediator in this association. The study sample comprised 3,327 participants aged 20 to 81 y from the Study of Health in Pomerania. Periodontal destruction was assessed via clinical attachment level (CAL) and the number of missing teeth. Information on mortality (date and ICD-10 code) was ascertained from death certificates. Directed acyclic graphs were used to identify potential confounders, and Cox proportional hazard models were applied. In 36,701 person-years of follow-up, 263 study participants deceased, 89 due to CVD. Fully adjusted main effect models resulted in hazard ratios of 1.01 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.002 to 1.01) for extent of CAL ≥3 mm, 1.10 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.18) for mean CAL, and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.04) for the number of missing teeth regarding all-cause mortality. Analogous results were obtained for CVD mortality, with hazard ratios of 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99 to 1.02), 1.10 (95% CI: 0.98 to 1.23), and 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99 to 1.05) for extent of CAL, mean CAL, and the number of missing teeth, respectively. Findings did not indicate additive interaction of periodontal destruction and diabetes regarding all-cause and CVD mortality. Similarly, no substantial evidence was found to demonstrate the presence of multiplicative interaction or mediation. Besides adjustment for baseline covariates, time-varying covariates were also considered and led to comparable results. In summary, despite their reciprocal relationship, periodontal destruction and diabetes may be independent risk factors for all-cause and CVD mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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31. Severe eosinophilic fasciitis: comparison of treatment with D-penicillamine plus corticosteroids vs. corticosteroids alone.

Author

Mendoza FA, Bai R, Kebede AG, and Jimenez SA

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Antirheumatic Agents therapeutic use, Eosinophilia drug therapy, Fasciitis drug therapy, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Penicillamine therapeutic use, Prednisone therapeutic use
Abstract

Objectives: To compare the therapeutic effectiveness of corticosteroids (CS) alone vs. CS plus d-penicillamine (d-Pen) in severe eosinophilic fasciitis., Method: A long-term prospective non-randomized trial of d-Pen plus CS vs. CS alone in patients with severe eosinophilic fasciitis, defined as clinically apparent cutaneous fibrotic involvement affecting more than 15% body surface area (BSA) or more than 10% BSA with joint flexion contractures., Results: Sixteen patients with severe eosinophilic fasciitis entered the study. Ten patients received d-Pen plus CS and six received CS alone. Affected BSA decreased from an average of 29% to 8.9% in the d-Pen plus CS group compared to a decrease in affected BSA from 28% to 22.83% in the CS-alone group. The reduction in affected BSA in the d-Pen plus CS group was significantly greater than in the CS-alone group (p = 0.038). Clinical improvement occurred in all d-Pen plus CS patients compared to only 33.3% of CS-alone patients (p = 0.008). There was no difference in overall frequency of adverse events between the groups (p = 0.60). The most common adverse event in the d-Pen plus CS group was proteinuria (33.3%). However, proteinuria also occurred in 16.6% in the CS-alone group., Conclusions: Treatment with CS alone failed to induce clinical improvement in the majority of the severe eosinophilic fasciitis patients. By contrast, d-Pen plus CS resulted in significantly greater clinical improvement. These results suggest that initial treatment of severe eosinophilic fasciitis with CS alone is not sufficient for optimal therapeutic response and that addition of an antifibrotic agent results in an improved outcome.

Published
2016
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