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Optical glass is widely used as the most important material in optical field in recent years. Glass molding press (GMP) has been employed as a promising technique to manufacture optical components in mass production. Heating time and annealing time are the key factors which influence the production cycle. In this paper, an effective method of improving the heating or the annealing effectiveness is to increase the area exposed to the cooling or hot nitrogen by means of adding slots. In the same condition, four models with different slots were built. Based on the theoretical analysis of glass heating and annealing property in the molding process, finite element simulation was carried out. The results showed that the model with slots may decrease the heating and annealing time.

Glass molding is a high-volume fabrication method for producing optical components. Non-isothermal glass molding press (NGM) was proposed to fabricate optical glass, and its characteristics were studied by finite element method (FEM) simulation. The coupled thermo-mechanical analysis was carried out to analyze the key factors such as temperature distribution, stress distribution and strain distribution. The non-isothermal and isothermal glass molding (IGM) was studied, and optimal temperature match between glass and mold was obtained.

Glass forming process is a high-volume fabrication method for producing glass containers. In this paper, the mechanisms of glass forming process were analyzed. Combined the coupled thermo-mechanical analysis with the finite element method (FEM) simulation, it was carried out to analyze the key process factors such as forming temperature, forming pressure, friction coefficient. The results show that forming pressure has the greatest influence on the stress.

Glass lens molding is a high-volume fabrication method for producing optical components. In this paper, combined with the orthogonal test method and finite element method (FEM) simulation, the coupled thermo-mechanical analysis was carried out to analyze the key process factors. In order to reduce the testing time, an orthogonal test with three sets of level factors and three parameters is conducted to obtain the optimal molding process parameters. The result shows that the most significant parameter is molding velocity, the other effect parameters are molding temperature and friction coefficient. According to the previous analysis of orthogonal experiment, it is shown that the best optimal finishing process parameters were A2B1C1.

With the rapid development of opto-electronics communications, optics, aerospace and other industries, ultra-precision aspheric glass lenses are widely used in middle/high-grade optical opponent because of its high resolution and imaging quality. To achieve ultra-precision molding pressing of micro-lens, ultra-precision mold must be fabricated firstly. In this paper, some key new technologies were proposed for fabricating ultra-precision mold of small-size aspheric optical lens. A method of finite element simulation was employed to predict mould pressing process of the glass lens for correcting molds and improving the formation efficiency. An ultra-precision inclined-axis grinding and error compensation technology was also used to improve form accuracy of micro lens mold.

Real estate investment is distinctively different from others with its high input capital, long period of recycling, huge fluctuation of house price and high sensitivity to other factors. The traditional decision method could not make a rational judgment of the flexible management value in real estate project investment. With regards to the policy and market features of real estate investment in China, a real option model suitable for real estate project investment decision under high uncertainty in China is constructed. At last, a case of a real estate company is studied to test the real estate investment decision model.

Glass lens molding is an effective approach to produce precision micro aspheric glass lens at high efficiency. In this paper, a new two-step isothermal glass molding process was proposed. The mechanisms of new molding process were analyzed. Finite element simulation was conducted to analyze the key factors such as the pressing load, die damage, molding time and residual stress of lens during the traditional molding and the two-step isothermal molding. The results showed that the two-step isothermal glass lens molding process may decrease residual stress and improve stress and strain distribution. Furthermore, prolong the service life of die.

Optical glass is widely used as the most important basic material in optical field. In this paper, four different shape finishing tools are designed for polishing flat K9 glass by using magneto-rheological finishing process. Influences of the finishing tool’s shape on surface roughness are investigated and analyzed under different related parameters such as finishing time, rotational speed of tool and finishing gap. The result shows that the slotted tool could obtain better surface roughness than the non-slotted tool under the same conditions. Through changing the magnetic field intensity, finishing gap, rotational speed of tool and finishing time, an orthogonal experiment is conducted to obtain the optimal finishing process parameters.

In this study, we investigated the anti-allodynia effect of safranal, the main volatile constitute of saffron, in spinal nerve transection model of rats. Meanwhile, to elucidate the mechanism, we determined the dynamic expression changes of glial activation markers (GFAP and OX-42) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in ipsilateral dorsal horn of lumbar enlargement post surgery. Results showed significant increase of these markers along with development of mechanical allodynia. Safranal (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) attenuated the pain sensitivity and inhibited the expression of these markers. The results demonstrate that the antiallodynia effect of safranal after nerve injury might be attributed to its inhibiting effect on glial activation and inflammatory cytokine production in central nervous system.

To evaluate the value of the Centerpiece plate in the cervical single open-door laminoplasty and compared its advantages with conventional suture fixation methods.From December 2009 to August 2011,32 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were treated with operation. Of them, 15 cases underwent cervical single open-door laminoplasty and Centerpiece plate fixation (group A),there were 8 males and 7 females,aged from 51 to 65 years old with an average of 60.5 years and ranged in course of disease from 2 to 15 months; 17 cases underwent cervical single open-door laminoplasty and silk suture fixation (group B), there were 9 males and 8 females, aged from 49 to 66 years old with an average of 61.5 years and ranged in course of disease from 1 to 14 months. All the patients with unsteady gait symptom before operation and cervical MR imaging showed spinal cord compression and denaturation. According to standard of Japanese Orthopaedics Association (JOA) to evaluate the spinal nervers function before operation and at 6 months after operation;according to CT scan to determine the sagittal diameter (AP) of upper vertebral canal and cervical activity (ROM).All the patients were followed up from 8 to 20 months with an average of 13 months. All the incisions healed well and no complications such as internal fixation loosening and breakage,spinal cord injury, reclose-door were found. Postoperative symptoms relieved obviously and MRI and CT showed vertebral canal volume expanded significantly. Operative time and blood loss in group A were respectively (155.0+/-12.3) min, (407.0+/-11.8) ml and in group B were respectively (148.0+/-14.4) min, (398.0+/-15.4) ml. There was no significantly differenc, between two groups (P0.05). JOA score in group A improved from preoperative 9.1+/-2.6 to postoperative 15.5+/-1.8 and in group B improved from preoperative 9.3 +/- 2.1 to postoperative 13.1 +/- 2.5 (P0.05). CT sagittal diameter (AP) in group A increased from preoperative (10.7+/-2.4) mm to postoperative (17.6+/-3.2) mm and in group B increased from preoperative (11.6+/-1.7) mm to postoperative (15.9+/-2.0) mm (P0.05). Cervical activity (ROM) in group A be- fore and after operation were respectively (51.0+/-2.6) degrees, (45.0+/-3.5) degrees and in group B were respectively (52.0+/-1.8) and (42.0+/-2.4). There was no significantly difference before operation between two groups (P0.05) and there was significantly difference after operation between two groups (P0.05).Treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy with posterior single open-door laminoplasty and Centerpiece plate fixation can enlarge spinal canal volume,keep original cervical activity, improve postoperative JOA score. The method has obviously advantages compared with traditional suture fixation methods.

A dynamic clustering algorithm based on hybrid particle swarm-ant colony optimization (PS-ACO) algorithm is presented in the paper. In the algorithm, the number of cluster is dynamic, ACO algorithm is modified by particle swarm optimization (PSO), both the external function and internal function are used to measure the quality evaluation for clustering. The optimal partition is fulfilled by improved PS-ACO algorithm. With its application in recognizing oil-bearing reservoir, the result of simulation indicates that Jaccard index, the external function, is maximum and the internal function, the sum of variance between the object and the center in a cluster is minimum when the cluster number is four. Thus the algorithm has the preferable capability in forecasting and verifying aspects in recognizing oil-bearing reservoir.

This study integrates artificial immune system and artificial neural network into a real estate evaluation model. Artificial immune system has the abilities of self-organizing, memory, recognition, adaptive, and ability of learning. It can be applied to nonlinear system identification and provided various feasible system models with robust and adaptive characteristics. Artificial neural network doesn't need any complicated mathematics application and its self-learning, self-adaptive capacity, parallel processing capability and strong fault tolerance can obtain more accurate non-linear outputs from various impact factors. The result of this study indicates that the integration of artificial immune system and artificial neural network can achieve promptly accurate and satisfactory results in the real estate evaluation.

This study integrates the characteristics of credit risk rating and artificial intelligence technology into a credit risk rating model based on fuzzy neural network. The combination of fuzzy theory and neural network provides a good foundation for credit risk rating, making this model with fewer parameters, faster learning and less training samples. This study confirms that fuzzy neural network is an effective method for credit risk rating. The results of this study can solve the shortcomings in existing credit risk rating model and provide more information for decision-making reference.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes subunits of the mitochondrial electron transport system and the rRNAs and tRNAs required for constructing the mitochondrial translational machinery. Each subunit encoded by mtDNA is essential for normal oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, integrity of the mtDNA is crucial for the survival of organisms. It has long been held that there is no DNA repair in mitochondria. But in recent years,a number of repair factors have been found in mitochondrial extracts, suggesting the presence of DNA repair in mitochondria. This review summarized recent progress of enzyme in mitochondrial DNA repair processes.

This paper studies a production scheduling problem with delivery considerations in which a set of identical jobs are batch processed on a machine and then, finished jobs need to be delivered to a customer by a capacitated vehicle. Particularly, we assume the existence in production stage of an inventory which works as a buffer to balance the abilities of the two logistical stages. The objective is to find a joint schedule such that the sum of setup, production, delivery and inventory cost is minimised. We formulate the problem as a mixed integer programming model and propose four heuristic algorithms, such as genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), hybrid GA-SA (HGASA) and hybrid SA-GA (HSAGA), for solving it. To evaluate the proposed heuristics, we propose a lower bound by Lagrangian relaxation method. Computational experiments show that the proposed HGASA and HSAGA are efficient on randomly generated problem instances, and perform better than the simple heuristics, GA and SA.