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Endodontic procedures can result in various complications. Separation of the endodontic instrument is a common complication of incorrect use or overuse of the instrument. However, a separated endodontic instrument may hinder cleaning and shaping during endodontic treatment procedures, which can potentially impact prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to manage this complication by removal of the separated instruments from inside the root canal. Although several devices are used, nonsurgical removal for retreatment remains difficult. We report the case of a failed attempt to manage a separated endodontic instrument nonsurgically by a private dentist, which resulted in extrusion of the instrument beyond the root apex and its migration into the mandible. We describe a novel surgical approach involving intentional tooth replantation combined with alveolar osteotomy. There have been few reports on the management of separated endodontic instruments that were pushed out beyond the root apex. Our novel surgical approach suggests a technique for the potential removal of a separated endodontic instrument extruded beyond the root apex.

The development of the posterior lingual glands, namely Weber’s and von Ebner’s glands, of rats was examined with respect to lectin histochemistry. Weber’s glands were fully developed by postnatal (PN) day 21. Mucous cells of the Weber’s glands were shown to bind dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) in adult rats, and soybean agglutinin (SBA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and peanut agglutinin (PNA) in the early developmental stage. The lectin-binding pattern in Weber’s glands of developing rats became identical to that of adult rats on PN day 21. von Ebner’s glands were fully developed around PN day 21. Matured taste buds were found on the circumvallate papillae on PN day 1. Serous cells of von Ebner’s glands were shown to bind SBA, WGA, and PNA in adult rats, and DBA in the developmental stage. The lectin-binding pattern in von Ebner’s glands of developing rats became almost identical to that of adult rats on PN day 21. The present findings indicate that the maturation of posterior lingual glands is closely associated with changes in food habit, and that the Weber’s gland functions as a serous gland in the early postnatal stage, while the von Ebner’s gland is not yet mature.

Canalicular adenomas are uncommon benign salivary gland tumors that typically arise from minor salivary glands. They are usually solitary tumors; only a few cases of multiple tumors have been reported. We describe an unusual case of canalicular adenomas that appeared simultaneously in the buccal mucosa and upper lip of an elderly Japanese woman. Microscopic examination revealed that the tumors were composed of columnar cells in a canal-like structure and accompanied by cystic cavities. Immunohistochemical evaluation further revealed that the tumor cells were positive for CK7, CK14, and S100, whereas staining yielded negative results for β-catenin, calponin, Ki-67 protein, p63, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). We also review previous reports of cases of multiple canalicular adenomas and discuss their clinical features.

Background Heterotopic gastrointestinal cysts have gastrointestinal epithelium in the cyst wall and rarely occur in the oral cavity. Most are found in the neonatal period. However, heterotopic gastrointestinal cysts that are diagnosed as a congenital tongue cyst by routine ultrasonography are extremely rare. Case summary A 12-day-old female presented with swelling of the anterior tongue. The obstetrician had detected significant tongue swelling on fetal ultrasonography in the 35th gestational week. The female was born by cesarean delivery at gestational week 39. She soon became dyspneic, and the cyst was aspirated. After the aspiration, her breathing recovered and she started breastfeeding. The cyst was excised under general anesthesia on the 67th day. Histopathologic examination showed that that cyst wall consisted of a lining of columnar gastrointestinal-type epithelium and pseudostratified ciliated epithelium. The patient restarted breastfeeding 3 h after surgery. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion Airway distress and feeding difficulty were successfully avoided by cyst aspiration, and surgical resection was performed with no perioperative complications.

Compound odontoma, a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor, manifests disordered clinical and pathological features due to the formation of a variant tooth-like structure; moreover, it is frequently associated with disrupted permanent tooth eruption, which is a characteristic of supernumerary teeth. Here, we present a rare case of compound odontoma in a 7-year-old male with a unique and an informative clinical course. The patient presented compound odontoma and supernumerary tooth both in the same perifollicular region of the left permanent central incisor of the maxilla; however, each lesion was radiographically detected at different times. Interestingly, an odontoma-like entity appearing as a dense radiopaque lesion was recognized only 1 year and 6 months after extracting the primary incisor and impacted supernumerary teeth, respectively. A secondary lesion subsequently migrated to the impacted crown of the permanent incisor. The surgical specimen revealed partial involvement with a developing odontoma.

A point-diffraction interference microscope with a wire grid polarization pinhole and a high-speed liquid-crystal phase shifter was developed for observing a unicellular organism. Phase images of a moving Euglena could be observed at 8 fps.