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Pellet burners, although they are commonly used devices, require high-quality fuels and yet are characterized by relatively high levels of CO and NO emissions and their variability. This article presents a combustion study of an original biomass burner that separates air into primary for biomass gasification and secondary for oxidizing the gasification products, with ducts placed in the housing of the burner. This study introduces a new burner design that separates air into primary and secondary streams within an integrated burner housing, aiming to optimize biomass combustion efficiency and reduce harmful emissions. Two burner designs were proposed, with a high secondary air nozzle (HCrown) and a low secondary air nozzle (LCrown). These two burners were compared with a typical retort burner (Ret). The LCrown burner reduced particulate matter emissions by 36% and CO emissions by 74% with respect to a typical retort burner. This study showed that the distance of the secondary air nozzles from the gasifying part has a significant impact on the operation of the burner and the possibility of reducing emissions of CO and NO. These results highlight the potential of the innovation to significantly improve combustion quality while simultaneously reducing environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the intersection of waste management and sustainable fuel production, focusing on the pyrolysis of plastic waste, specifically polystyrene. We examine the physicochemical parameters of the resulting waste plastic pyrolytic oils (WPPOs), blended with kerosene to form a potential alternative fuel for gas turbines. Our findings reveal that all WPPO blends lead to increased emissions, with NOX rising by an average of 61% and CO by 25%. Increasing the proportion of WPPO also resulted in a higher exhaust gas temperature, with an average rise of 12.2%. However, the thrust-specific fuel consumption (TSFC) decreased by an average of 13.8%, impacting the overall efficiency of waste-derived fuels. This study underscores the need for integrated waste-to-energy systems, bridging the gap between waste management and resource utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing the burgeoning issue of polymer waste management and disposal, chemical recycling, specifically the production of highquality oil, presents an enticing solution. This research paper delves into the process of plastic waste pyrolysis, focusing on polypropylene, and thoroughly examines the physico-chemical properties of the resulting pyrolytic oil. The oils, obtained from waste plastic pyrolysis (referred to as WPPO), are then blended with kerosene and utilized as fuel for a gas turbine engine. The primary objective of this investigation is to ascertain how the blend composition influences the performance and emission parameters of the micro gas turbine. In our findings, it was observed that all tested waste plastic pyrolysis blends displayed a trend towards escalating regulated emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) with an average increase of 26% for polypropylene pyrolysis oil (PPO). The emission index (EI) for carbon monoxide (CO) was found to be relatively consistent across all fuel blends tested in this study. Interestingly, when considering the thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC) within the EI calculation, blends of aviation kerosene and plastic oil showed lower values in comparison to the pure Jet A-1 fuel. Furthermore, an augmentation in the proportion of WPPO in the blends consequently led to an elevation in the exhaust gas temperature (an average increase of 8.7% for PPO). Interestingly, the fuel efficiency of the Jet engine, expressed as TSFC, demonstrated a decrease, with an average reduction of 13.8% observed for PPO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this study was to compare and analyze the gasification process of beech wood. The experimental investigation was conducted inside a gasifier, which can be operated in downdraft and updraft gasification system. The most important operating parameter studied in this paper was the influence of the amount of supply air on the temperature distribution, biomass consumption and syngas calorific value. The results show that the amount of air significantly influences the temperature in the combustion zone for the downdraft gasification process, where temperature differences reached more than 150 °C. The increased amount of air supplied to the gasifier caused an increase in fuel consumption for both experimental setups. Experimental results regarding equivalence ratio show that for value below 0.2, the updraft gasification is characterized by a higher calorific value of producer gas, while for about 0.22 a similar calorific value (6.5 MJ/Nm³) for both gasification configurations was obtained. Above this value, an increase in equivalence ratio causes a decrease in the calorific value of gas for downdraft and updraft gasifiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]