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2. Mandible-Preserving Alternatives

Author

Pathak, K. Alok, Kazi, Rehan, Nason, Richard W., Kazi, Rehan, Series editor, Dwivedi, Raghav C., Series editor, Pathak, K. Alok, editor, and Nason, Richard W., editor

Published
2012
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3. Analysis of Formant Frequencies in Patients with Oral or Oropharyngeal Cancers Treated by Glossectomy

Author

Kazi, Rehan, Prasad, Vyas M. N., Kanagalingam, Jeeve, Georgalas, Christos, Venkitaraman, Ramachandran, Nutting, Christopher M., Clarke, Peter, Rhys-Evans, Peter, and Harrington, Kevin J.

Abstract

Aims: To compare voice quality as defined by formant analysis using a sustained vowel in patients who have undergone a partial glossectomy with a group of normal subjects. Methods & Procedures: The design consisted of a single centre, cross-sectional cohort study. The setting was an Adult Tertiary Referral Unit. A total of 26 patients (19 males) who underwent partial glossectomy and 31 normal volunteers (18 males) participated in the study. Group comparisons using the first three formant frequencies (F1, F2 and F3) using linear predictive coding (Laryngograph Ltd, London, UK) were performed. The existence of any significant difference of F1, F2 and F3 between the two groups using the sustained vowel /i/ and the effects of other factors, namely age, first presentation versus recurrence, site (oral cavity, oropharynx), subsite (anterior two-thirds of the tongue, tongue base), stage, radiation, complication, and neck dissection, were analysed. Outcomes & Results: Formant frequencies F1, F2 and F3 were normally distributed. F1 and F2 were significantly different in normal males versus females. F1, F2 and F3 were not different statistically between male and female glossectomees. Comparison of only women showed significant differences between normal subjects and patients in F2 and F3, but none in F1. This was the opposite in men where F1 was significantly different. Age, tumour presentation, site, subsite, radiation and neck dissection showed no significant difference. Postoperative complications significantly affected the F1 formant frequency. Conclusions: The study found that the formant values in patients following a partial glossectomy were altered significantly as compared with the normal control subjects. Only gender and complications and not the age, site, subsite, radiation and neck dissection were seen to influence the formant scores. (Contains 6 figures and 3 tables.)

Published
2007
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37. Aggressive fibromatosis of the oropharynx: a multidisciplinary approach to a benign disease

Author

Kiverniti, Eleftheria, Cilasum, Ulkem, Singh, Arvind, Kazi, Rehan, Clarke, Peter M., and Archer, Daniel J.

Subjects
Fibromas -- Case studies, Fibromas -- Diagnosis, Fibromas -- Care and treatment, Magnetic resonance imaging -- Usage
Abstract

Abstract We present the case of a 23-year-old woman with aggressive fibromatosis of the oropharynx that was initially treated elsewhere as a peritonsillar abscess. We discuss the characteristics of this [...]

Published
2009

45. Exploring the link between human papilloma virus and oral and oropharyngeal cancers

Author

Khode, Shailesh, Dwivedi, Raghav, Rhys-Evans, Peter, and Kazi, Rehan

Subjects
Throat cancer -- Risk factors, Papillomavirus infections -- Health aspects -- Complications and side effects, Mouth cancer -- Risk factors, Health
Abstract

Byline: Shailesh. Khode, Raghav. Dwivedi, Peter. Rhys-Evans, Rehan. Kazi Squamous cell carcinoma involving the oral cavity (OC) and oropharynx regions are a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. The [...]

Published
2014

46. Non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma of the sino-nasal tract in children

Author

Zagolski Olaf, Dwivedi Raghav, Subramanian Somasundaram, and Kazi Rehan

Subjects
hemic and lymphatic diseases, non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma, sino-nasal tract, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Children, lcsh:RC254-282
Abstract

Childhood head and neck cancers are relatively uncommon. Of all head and neck cancers occurring in children, non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma (NHL) is the most common, others being rhabdomyosarcoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In the head and neck region, sinuses are the second commonest primary site of NHL after neck lymph nodes. These can be of several different types depending on the predominant cell type and histologic appearance, the most common histological variant being diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In an attempt to simplify the classification and to develop a universally acceptable classification and staging, they have been classified and staged numerous times over the last three decades, adding more confusion to the topic. Clinical presentations vary according to the histological type. The low grade lymphomas present with a nasal cavity or para-nasal sinus mass associated with obstructive symptoms and/or lymphadenopathy, while high grade lymphomas present with aggressive signs and symptoms including non-healing ulcer, epistaxis, septal perforation and bony destruction. The primary treatment consists of chemotherapy and / or radiation therapy, which is able to achieve remission in two-third of the patients, however, prognosis remains poor with cumulative five-year survival rates at about 30% for all the types of sino-nasal NHLs. Newer targeted therapy (monoclonal antibodies) and combination therapies (including stem cells) are currently being tested in order to improve survival rates in these patients. This article aims at providing an overview of clinico-epidemiologic characteristics, staging system currently in use, management, prognosis and possibilities of future research in the field of childhood sinonasal NHLs.

Published
2010

47. Is electroglottography-based videostroboscopic assessment of post-laryngectomy prosthetic speech useful?

Author

Kazi Rehan, Singh Arvind, Venkitaraman Ramachandran, Sayed Suhail, Rhys-Evans P, and Harrington Kevin

Subjects
videostroboscopy, Electroglottography, pharyngoesophageal segment, perceptual evaluation, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, lcsh:RC254-282
Abstract

Objectives: To use an electroglottography (EGG)-based videostroboscopy tool to assess the anatomical and morphologic characteristics of the pharyngoesophageal (PE) segment in tracheoesophageal (TO) speakers. Study d0 esign: Cross-sectional cohort study. Subjects: Fifty-two post-laryngectomy patients with no recurrence and using prosthetic (Blom-Singer) speech. Intervention: An electroglottography (EGG)-based videostroboscopy tool EGG-based rigid videostroboscopy as well as perceptual evaluation. Outcome m0 easures: Stroboscopic protocol included nine subjective/visual parameters to evaluate the neoglottis and study correlation of the G (GRBAS scale) and the overall voice quality (OVQ) with the treatment variables. Results: Of the 52 laryngectomees, videostroboscopic recordings were possible in 46 patients (36 males and 10 females) with a mean age of 63.4 ±10.5 (SD) an electroglottography (EGG)-based videostroboscopy tool years. All used the Blom-Singer valve and the median time since Total Laryngectomy was 2 years. The neoglottis was assessable in 26 patients. We were able to strobe only 9 patients. There was excellent correlation between G and OVQ (Spearman rho > 0.9). Statistically significant correlation was found between G1 and saliva (P = 0.03) and between good OVQ and saliva (P = 0.02); similarly, there was significant correlation between G1 and LVV (P = 0.05) and between good OVQ and LVV (P = 0.03). Conclusions: This study is the first to examine the use of an EGG-based stroboscopy instrument to evaluate TO speech. Our observations suggest that from the standpoint of functional voice, saliva and the LVV had statistically significant effect in determining voice quality.

Published
2009

48. Current status and future prospects in prosthetic voice rehabilitation following laryngectomy

Author

Pawar Prashant, Sayed Suhail, Kazi Rehan, and Jagade Mohan

Subjects
olfactory rehabilitation, Biofilms, voice prostheses, tracheoesophageal puncture, tracheoesophageal speech, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, lcsh:RC254-282, pulmonary rehabilitation
Abstract

Total laryngectomy or laryngopharyngectomy remains the procedure of choice for advanced-stage (UICC T3 and T4) laryngeal carcinoma around the world despite advances in conservative laryngeal surgery and radiotherapy. However, it has profound effects on respiration and deglutition, in addition to the most disabling effect-the loss of verbal communication. Successful voice restoration can be attained with any of three speech options, namely esophageal speech, electrolarynx, and tracheoesophageal (TO) speech using an artificial valve. Although, no single method is considered the best for every patient, the tracheoesophageal puncture has become the preferred method in the past decade. Several types of voice prostheses have been produced since the first prosthesis was introduced in 1980 by Blom and Singer. However, eventually all prostheses are confronted by the same problem, i.e., the development of a biofilm, leading to deterioration and ultimately to dysfunction of the prostheses, necessitating replacement. This article attempts to sum up the historical background as well as the current state of surgical voice rehabilitation following laryngectomy; we review the recent major advances as well as the future prospects. Data was collected by conducting a computer-aided search of the MEDLINE and PubMed databases, supplemented by hand searches of key journals. Over 50 articles published in the last three decades on the topic have been reviewed, out of which about 20 were found to be of relevance for this article.

Published
2008

50. Cancer stem cells: An enigma in head and neck cancer

Author

Kazi, Rehan, Sayed, Suhail, and Dwivedi, Raghav

Subjects
Stem cells -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Head and neck cancer -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Research, Health
Abstract

Byline: Rehan. Kazi, Suhail. Sayed, Raghav. Dwivedi Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world. [sup][1] Effective therapeutic modalities such as surgery, [...]

Published
2010

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