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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy rate of liver stiffness calculated by shear wave elastography with liver biopsy results in obese and overweight children. Materials and Methods: Obese and overweight children between 3 and 18 years of age, who had hepatic steatosis and a healthy control group were included in this study. A blood sample was obtained for laboratory tests and shear wave elastography was performed for all subjects. Liver biopsies were performed only in patients with hepatosteatosis, providing permission for biopsy, and for whom the biopsy procedure was not contraindicated. Results: A cohort of 142 children (78 overweight/obese and 64 healthy) was included in this study. Shear wave elastography values were significantly higher in the patient group as compared to the control group (34.0 vs. 8.2 kPa; P < .001). Obese children had higher elastography values compared to non-obese children (50.2 vs. 23.7 kPa, P < .001). No correlation was detected between fibrosis score and elastography values. Elastography increased with increasing weight (correlation coefficient: 0.334, P = .003) and body mass index (correlation coefficient: 0.364, P = .001). Conclusion: In obese and overweight patients, elastography values are higher than in healthy subjects as well as patients with liver fibrosis. Disease-specific cut-off, mean, and normal reference range values should be defined with large-scale studies to improve interpretation of elastography values. Our results are contradictory in the determination of liver fibrosis with shear wave elastography in obese and overweight patients, thus further research with a larger patient population is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale and Objectives: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare type of breast cancer with favorable prognosis. There is limited data on the radiological findings of this rare tumor in literature. The aim of this study is to determine the most common imaging features and review the literature.Materials and Methods: Pathological databases of seven institutions from 2009 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and patients with a diagnosis of ACC of the breast were determined. Thirteen patients whose imaging studies could be recalled from the picture archiving systems (PACS) were included in the study. Clinical and pathological findings as well as follow-up data were recorded. Radiological findings were analyzed and categorized based on BI-RADS 5th edition.Results: There were 16 mass lesions in 13 patients (two multifocal cases, one case with recurrence). Mammography demonstrated 14 masses, while ultrasound (US) demonstrated all. MRI was available in only seven cases, with eight masses. The most common findings were round or oval shape on all modalities (78.57%-93.75%). Other frequent findings were parallel orientation (81.25%), isoechoic or hyperechoic echogenicity (62.5%), high T2 signal (87.5%), restricted diffusion (71.43%), and homogeneous enhancement (62.5%). Mammography, US and MRI showed circumscribed margins resembling a benign lesion in 35.71%, 37.5% and 50% of the lesions respectively. Three patients had a cyst-like echogenicty on US. Half of the lesions were avascular on Doppler US (6/12) and half were soft (2/4) on strain elastography. Although there were benign features on all imaging modalities seperately, all lesions could be categorized as BI-RADS 4 or 5 when the findings were combined. However 9/16 masses were BI-RADS 4A, emphasizing the subtlety of the malignant features.Conclusion: ACC of the breast can present with findings resembling a benign lesion on different imaging modalities. Although combination of all imaging findings correctly indicated the suspicious nature of the lesions in all cases, final classification was BI-RADS 4A in most of them. Radiologists should be aware of the more frequent findings of ACC of the breast for early diagnosis. US findings of isoechoic or hyperechoic appearance, and cyst-like echogenicity have not been reported previously in literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the different imaging modalities in detecting recurrence in breast cancer follow-up. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four women with recurrent breast cancer were examined between January 2020 and July 2022. Recurrency was divided into four categories: local; regional; second primary; and distant metastasis. The detectability of recurrent lesions with mammography (MG), ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was evaluated. In addition, recurrences that firstly appeared by positron emission tomography (PET) scan were recorded. Results: Twenty-seven (42.2%) recurrences were local, 10 (15.6%) were regional and 27 (42.2%) were second primary. Forty-six (71.9%) of them were determined to have invasive carcinoma, 8 (12.5%) were ductal carcinoma in situ, and 10 (15.6%) were axillary metastases. Eight (12.5%) of them were first diagnosed by PET-computed tomography/MRI. Among the available images performed, 78.7% could be detected pathologically by MG, 95.2% by US, and 100% by MRI. Distant metastasis associated with other types of recurrence was detected in 6 (9.4%) cases. Conclusion: MRI is the most powerful imaging modality in detecting recurrent breast cancer. With the addition of US to routine MG follow-up, a higher rate and early detection of recurrent cancers can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Van Tip Dergisi is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To investigate the strength of quantitative imaging and metabolic parameters in differentiating invasive breast carcinomas with elevated Ki‐67 levels. Materials and Methods: A total of 123 patients with 129 breast lesions confirmed as invasive breast carcinoma underwent shear wave elastography (SWE), superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT or MRI. Adler's grade (classifying the microvascularity into four types) and Vascular Index (VI) was obtained by SMI as microvascular parameters. In addition, the stiffness value (Emean) was evaluated in kilopascal by SWE. The average of consecutive measurements was recorded as mean VI and mean Emean. PET scan parameters were obtained as SUVmax and SULpeak. Lesions were divided into two groups according to the Ki‐67 expression, low as ≤14 and high as >14. Results: Adler's grading was the most correlated imaging parameter with high Ki‐67 expression (p < 0.05), while VI and Emean had poor correlation (p > 0.05). SUVmax and SULpeak indicated a significant linear correlation with Ki‐67 but a moderate correlation with the high levels of Ki‐67 (p < 0,001). The sensitivity of VI, Emean, SUVmax and SULpeak was 64.6%, 66.7%, 65.7%, and 66.7% when the cut‐off point was set to 5.25, 102.5, 6.59, and 2.63, respectively. SUVmax had the highest AUC value of 0.740, according to the ROC curve analysis. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the quantitative parameters obtained by advanced imaging methods may be useful in predicting the high proliferation in invasive breast carcinomas. But none of them is eligible to be used as an independent biomarker in distinguishing aggressive behavior. Nevertheless, as a noninvasive method, visual assessment of microvascular morphology using SMI increases the prognostic efficiency in invasive breast carcinomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine the incidence of gynecomastia detected by chest computed tomography (CT) in the adult male population and its association with fatty liver disease, abdominal wall, and retrorenal and subcutaneous fatty tissue thickness. Methods: Chest CT scans of 1,191 patients were scanned retrospectively. One hundred fifty-eight cases with a fibroglandular tissue diameter (FGTD) of more than 2 cm were accepted as gynecomastia. Forty-five cases with FGTD less than 1 cm constituted the control group. Patterns of gynecomastia, FGTD, the subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness of breast (B-ATT), abdominal wall (AW-ATT) and retrorenal adipose tissue thickness (RR-ATT) were measured in mm. Additionally, the Hounsfield unit attenuation of the liver and spleen was obtained, and a liver-tospleen (L/S) ratio below 0.8 was considered hepatosteatosis. The correlation between all these parameters was analysed by Kendall's Tau-b. Results: The incidence of gynecomastia was calculated as 13.2% (158/1,191), observed bilateral in 84.2% (n=133) and unilateral in 15.8% (n=25) of the cases. The dendritic pattern was the most observed type, with 57.6% (n=91) of the cases. There was a significant difference between B-ATT, AW-ATT, and RR-AAT values and gynecomastia (p<0.005), but a weak relationship was observed (r=0.137, r=0.132, r=0.098, respectively). When the study population was divided into two groups according to the L/S ratio, no significant difference was found, regarding FGTD and all the adipose tissue thickness parameters (p>0.05). Conclusion: Gynecomastia may signify visceral obesity rather than innocent hypertrophy. In clinical practice, incidental detection of gynecomastia by CT can play a useful role in case management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Current Medical & Biological Sciences is the property of International Journal of Current Medical & Biological Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To compare radiological tumor sizes obtained by mammography (MMG), ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with pathological sizes and to determine whether there are any changes based on molecular subtypes and the presence of accompanying ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Methods: A total of 559 cases diagnosed with breast cancer in 11 different centers between 2010 and 2022 were included in the study. Tumor sizes were measured on the images downloaded from PACS and compared later with the pathologic sizes reported in the postoperative pathology reports. Comparison was performed based on patient age, imaging findings, breast density, histologic type (invasive/ in situ/ mixed), molecular subtypes and presence of accompanying benign or high-risk lesions. “Mann Whitney U’’ and “Kruskal Wallis H’’ tests were used for comparisons between groups, “Chi-Square or Fisher’s Exact Test” was used to compare categorical variables, and “Spearman Correlation Analysis” was used to examine the relationship between continuous variables. Results: The highest agreement in invasive tumors was obtained with MRI (MRI: 0.831, US: 0.769, MMG: 0.650). In the presence of DCIS, the agreement was strong with MRI (r: 0.770) and moderate with MMG and US (r: 0.517 and r: 0.593, respectively). In mixed tumors, agreement was strong with MRI (r:0.817), moderate with US (r:0.656), and low with mammography (r:0.499). Based on molecular subtypes, highest correlation was obtained with US and MRI in HER-2 (+) tumors (r:0.754, and r:0.715, respectively), and with MRI in other subtypes (Luminal A-B- triple (-)) with MRI (r:0.856-0.815-0.858; respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of other criteria. Conclusion: This multicenter study shows that MRI is the most reliable method in preoperative determination of tumor size for both invasive and in-situ tumors and all molecular subtypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of quantitative values obtained by superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and shearwave elastography (SWE) in the prediction of malignancy in intraductal papilloma‐like lesions (IDPL). Methods: In the study, 61 patients between the ages of 14 to 73 years (mean age 44) diagnosed with IDPL on ultrasound (US) examination between the years 2020 and 2021 were included. The B‐Mode US findings (shape, margins, size, echo pattern, and accompanying ductal dilatation), SMI vascular index (SMIvi), E‐mean, and SWE‐ratio values were recorded. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between malignant (n = 14) and benign (n = 47) groups in terms of symptoms (P =.005), size (P =.042), shape (P =.002), margins (P =.001), echogenicity (P =.023), microcalcifications (P =.009), SMIvi (P =.031), E‐mean (P <.005), and SWE‐ratio (P =.007). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), positive predictive values (PPV), and negative predictive values (NPV) were 57.1%, 87.2%, 80%, 0.722, 57.1%, 87.2% for US; 71.4%, 49%, 55.7%, 0.692, 30.3%, 85.7% for SMIvi; 85.7%, 71%, 74%, 0.864, 46%, 94.3% for E‐mean, and 50%, 75.4%, 83%, 0.707, 91.5%, and 50% for SWE‐ratio, respectively. Best results were obtained when SMI and SWE values were used together, achieving a sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, AUC, PPD, NPD of 78.6%, 93.6%, 93.4%, 0.872, 91.7%, and 93.9%, respectively. Conclusions: The SMI and SWE examinations are successful in the differentiation of benign and malignant intraductal lesions. They complement each other and contribute to B‐mode US in managing IDPLs especially when used together. Our study is the first to compare the quantitative data of SWE and SMI in the differentiation of IDPLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]