Search

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the activities of heart rate variability (HRV) and cortisol secretion as markers of the autonomous nervous system (ANS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) during the menstrual cycle in female athletes. Method: Saliva samples of the participants (n = 28) were collected successively at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min after awakening to assess cortisol awakening response (CAR) during each of four phases of the menstrual cycle (the menstruation, ovulation, luteal, and premenstrual phases). Diurnal saliva samples were collected at noon, in the evening (17:00) and 22:00 for cortisol analysis. HRV was measured in the menstrual and premenstrual phases at rest (12:00-14:00). Results: There was no difference between CAR parameters in the menstrual phases. CAR parameters and diurnal cortisol levels were significantly correlated with each other throughout the menstrual cycle. Mean cortisol was a strong predictor of the area under the curve (AUC: S = 0.042; R-Sq = 98.4%). Time-dependent parameters of HRV (standard deviation of the N-N interval [SDNN; P = 0.049] and the root mean square of the successive R-R differences [rMSSD; P = 0.038]) were significantly higher in the menstrual phase. There were no correlations between CAR and HRV parameters. Conclusions: We suggest that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and the autonomic nervous system work in a separate manner that is not affected by the menstrual phases in sportswomen. The present study contributed to a better understanding of the relationship between the dynamics of cortisol release and the autonomic nervous system in different phases of the menstrual cycle in female athletes.

The study aimed to examine some biochemical test parameters and De Ritis ratio in COVID-19 patients, considering age and gender. The study was performed on patients with real-time polymerase chain reaction and computed tomography lung diagnosis. The relationship between lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and De Ritis ratio were analysed in the first blood samples of the patients. The difference between gender was also compared with the independent sample t-test. Alpha value was accepted <0.05. The De Ritis was significantly higher in females (p =.040). The De Ritis ratio was associated with CK in both gender. There was no significant difference in the biochemical parameters according to gender. The De Ritis ratio appears to be a parameter that can be used in COVID-19 patients. However, more detailed and comprehensive studies including the symptoms of patients are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different intensity treadmill exercises on the thiol disulphide homeostasis which is a new marker of oxidative stress in rats. Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: control (CNT), low (LEx), moderate (MEx) and high-intensity exercise (HEx) group. Exercise was performed for 4 weeks. Following completion of the experimental protocol, serum total thiol, native thiol and disulphide concentrations were determined using a novel automated measurement method. Additionally, dynamic disulphide status, reduced thiol, oxidised thiol and thiol oxidation reduction percentage ratios were compared among the groups. Disulphide levels were significantly lower in MEx group and highest in CNT group (p =.047). The lowest oxidised thiol and the highest reduced thiol were determined in CNT group (p =.086; p =.083). These findings indicate that moderate-intensity exercise is more effective in reducing oxidative stress than low and high-intensity exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of CHO-E consumption after high-intensity exercise on insulin, cortisol hormones and blood glucose responses, which is important for performance and recovery in athletes. Methods: Sixteen volunteers, male athletes, participated into this study. Athletes were divided into two groups as experiment (CHO-E) and placebo (PLA). Blood was taken from the athletes three times as basal, post-exercise (PE) and 2 h after ingestion of supplement (PS). Results: When inter-group comparisons, insulin was significantly higher in the CHO-E group than the PLA group at the PS phase (p <.05). Cortisol significantly decreased in the CHO-E group at the PS compared to the PE (p <.05). Conclusions: Carbohydrate–electrolyte consumption after high-intensity exercise, accelerates the recovery process by providing optimal recovery, and enable the metabolism to remain in the anabolic state by preventing it from entering in the catabolic process as well as provides hormonal balance in metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between exercise and both l-tyrosine and oxidative stress using thiol/disulphide homeostasis via a novel biomarker in rats. Following the completion of the exercise and l-tyrosine protocol, serum total thiol, native thiol, and disulphide concentrations were determined using a novel automated measurement method. Compared with the control group, serum dynamic disulphide levels were significantly lower in the E group (116.75 ± 10.49; p < .05) and the highest in the LT group (151.0 ± 5.84). The lowest oxidised thiol (49.75 ± 6.18; p = .087) and the highest reduced thiol (75.38 ± 3.16; p = .079) rates were determined to be in the E group. The highest oxidised thiol value was observed in the LT group. Exercise positively affects thiol/disulphide homeostasis, which is a novel indicator of oxidant-antioxidant parameters. Additionally, L-tyrosine appears to be more convenient combined with exercise. The new method used in our study proposes a promising, practical, and useful method for assessing the oxidative stress parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is realised for testing ratro of the sportmen performances which is effected by stimuli organ's (voice) negative acts and this effected which can be decreased or not by hypnatic suggestion is realised, also If it can be decreased; the kind of stimuli and the ratio of it must be researched. This study is applied to 28 volunteer subject who were national. Before hypnosis, force application is measured with TMR EST 1000 isometric muscle training measuring equipment. During force applying, to quinea-pigs 80, 100, 110 and 120 decibels voice 1000 Hz (cih-diagmostic audiometer AS 67 (equal intensity to the ear), applied to stimuli is determined. At the second part of the study, hypnosis is applied to the same guinea-pigs and stimuli are mentioned to them. Standart suggestions were give and said tahat; when they percieved stimuli, applied forces could be increased, felt more energetic and strang. Same stimuli were applied again at the same units. Both isometric strength difference between the state and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Chi-Square test were analyzed using statistical method. Results were compared. In conclusion; value variation between "before hypnosis" and "after suggestion", "during hypnosis" and "after hypnosis" were evaluated statistical. Consquently, when visual caution is given and maximum affect level is reched; at statistical there are meanful difference between hypnosis applied and not applied conditions, at auditory stimuli (80 db; p<0,001, 100 db; p<0,001, 110 db; p<0,001, 120 db; p<0,001). As a result; from this foundations and abtained findings; sportsmen concentrations are deranged by extre stimuli (it presants differenty from person to person and also different ratio), but this negative effects will be remoued by hypnotic suggestions. We must think of its curative sides of Europe, World an Olympiad medals's color and owner this subject must be taken seriously and taken into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate heart rate variability (HRV) in professional handball players during rest and following a 5 min mild jogging exercise., Methods: For that purpose, electrocardiogram (ECG) of male handball players (N.=12, mean age 25±3.95 years) and sedentary controls (N.=14, mean age 23.5±2.95 years) were recorded for 5 min at rest and just after 5 min of mild jogging. ECGs were recorded and following HRV parameters were calculated: time-domain variables such as heart rate (HR), average normal-to-normal RR intervals, standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals, square root of the mean of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals, percentage of differences between adjacent NN intervals that are greater than 50 milliseconds (pNN50), and frequency-domain variables such as very low frequency, low (LF) and high frequency (HF) of the power and LF/HF ratio. Unpaired t-test was used to find out differences among groups while paired t-test was used for comparison of each group for pre- and postjogging HRV. Pearson correlations were carried out to find out the relationships between the parameters., Results: Blood pressures were not different between handball players and sedentary controls but exercise increased systolic blood pressure (P<0.01). HR was increased with exercise (P<0.001) and was slower in handball players (P<0.01). QTc was increased with exercise (P<0.001) and was higher in handball players (P<0.001). Exercise decreased pNN50 values in both groups but LF/HF ratio increased only in sedentary subjects., Conclusions: In conclusion, results of the HRV parameters show that sympathovagal balance does not appear to change in handball players in response to a mild, short-time (5 min) jogging exercise. However, in sedentary subjects, either the sympathetic regulation of the autonomous nervous system increased or vagal withdrawal occurred.