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2. The development of police/community relations initiatives in England and Wales post Scarman and their relevance to policing policy in Turkey

Author

Kavgaci, Halil Ibrahim

Subjects
364
Abstract

The primary concern of this thesis is to examine changes in policing practice with reference to police/public relations in England and Wales in the light of evidence of a deterioration of the relationships between the police and the public. The secondary aim is to examine the implications for policing policy in Turkey of the lessons learned from the experience of such experiments and changes in the development of policing policy in England and Wales. The thesis argues that a community-based model of policing is the ideal for policing of modern liberal democratic societies; and community policing practices are transferable to countries striving to develop modern democratic systems such as Turkey. The thesis assesses the prognosis for the achievement of this ideal in both countries. It emphasises that community policing has become the new orthodoxy for the police in England and Wales, as well as in other countries around the world. Although the movement's philosophies and practices are spreading rapidly, much of the debate is carried out at a rhetorical level and little is known about the range of ongoing activities, the components of these experimental initiatives, the problems and challenges encountered, and the level of success in achieving objectives. There are fundamental differences in the historical development and political position of the police forces in these two countries. However, police services are under pressure from diverse interests and constituencies to change their styles of policing in order to secure legitimate law enforcement in the light of rapid social change. The reasons for this pressure for change will be examined in both countries. Firstly, the British experience will be analysed notably with reference to the historical antecedents which secured a broad legitimacy for a consensual style of policing which it may be argued is in existence despite serious outbreaks of urban disorder. However, the thesis shows that the gulf between the police and some sections of the community is widening, resulting in a substantial proportion (notably of the black population) lacking confidence and trust in the police. Interest has also focused on the apparent failure of some police forces to control crime. Secondly, the history of the current Turkish police tradition is analysed and rationales for change explained with fluctuations in police/public legitimacy traced and accounted for. Pressure for change to enhance police legitimacy and public relations is identified and the possibility of lessons being learned from the British experience assessed, notably with reference to initiatives to present the police as a service to communities. The thesis concludes that, both for England and Wales and Turkey, the success of community policing initiatives is heavily dependent on the commitment and participation of both sides, the police and the community in both countries.

Published
1995

5. Merkel cell carcinoma in Turkey: A multicentric study

Author

Yildiz, Fatih, Demirci, Umut, Küçükarda, Ahmet, Büyüksimsek, Mahmut, Sakalar, Teoman, Topcu, Turkan, Aslan, Ferit, Tufan, Gulnihal, Aydin, Ovgu, Turna, Hande, Babacan, Nalan, Basoglu, Tugba, Kurt, Bediz, Yildiz, Birol, Eren, TüLay, Demiray, Atike, Gumusay, Ozge, Arslan, Cagatay, Özdemir, Nuriye, Urun, Yuksel, Baykara, Meltem, Turan, Nedim, Uysal, Mukremin, Bilici, Ahmet, Kavgaci, Halil, Çiçin, Irfan, Kilickap, Saadettin, and Paydas, Semra

Subjects
Merkel cell carcinoma -- Statistics -- Care and treatment -- Patient outcomes, Health
Abstract

Byline: Fatih. Yildiz, Umut. Demirci, Ahmet. Küçükarda, Mahmut. Büyüksimsek, Teoman. Sakalar, Turkan. Topcu, Ferit. Aslan, Gulnihal. Tufan, Ovgu. Aydin, Hande. Turna, Nalan. Babacan, Tugba. Basoglu, Bediz. Kurt, Birol. Yildiz, Tülay. [...]

Published
2021

8. CHANGES IN BODY MASS INDEX AND OBESITY RELATED HEALTH COMPLICATIONS AMONG EARLY-STAGE BREAST CANCER

Author

BİLGİNER, Muhammet Cüneyt, KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KAVGACI, Halil, and Trabzon Medikal Park Hastanesi, Medikal Onkoloji Bölümü

Subjects
Early-stage breast cancer,body mass indeks,Obesity,Chronic diseases, Erken evre meme kanseri,beden kitle indeksi,Obezite,Kronik hastalıklar
Abstract

AmaçGörüntüleme yöntemlerindeki gelişmeler ve multimodaltedaviler, sağ kalan meme kanserli hasta sayısındaartışa neden olmuştur. Bu durum sağ kalımıartıracak değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin araştırılmasıgerektiğini düşündürmektedir. Biz bu çalışmada erkenevre meme kanserli hastaların takibinde ortaya çıkanbeden kitle indeksi (BKİ) değişikliklerini ve bu değişikliklerinyol açabileceği obezite ile ilişkili sağlık sorunlarınıtespit etmeyi amaçladık.Gereç ve YöntemKliniğimize başvuran ‘‘Erken evre meme kanseri’’ tanısıalmış 142 hastanın BKİ (tanı anındaki), güncelBKİ (tanita) ile karşılaştırılmıştır. BKİ’deki değişimlerleobezite ilişkili sağlık sorunları arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır.BulgularHastaların ortalama yaşı 52,7 ± 1,1 (31-78) olup tamamıkadın hasta idi. Tanı anında hastaların % 56,3premenapozal, % 43,7 postmenapozal idi. Hastalarıntanıda BKİ ortalaması 27,9 ± 5,3 iken güncel BKİortalaması 30,7 ± 5,7 olarak hesaplandı (p, ObjectiveAdvances in imaging methods and multimodaltherapies have led to an increase in the number ofbreast cancer patients surviving. This suggests thatmodifiable risk factors that will increase survivalshould be investigated. In this study, we aimed todetermine the changes in body mass index (BMI) thatoccur during the follow-up of patients with early stagebreast cancer and the health problems associatedwith obesity that may be caused by these changes.Material and MethodsBasal BMI (measured at diagnosis) of 142 patientsadmitted to our clinic who were diagnosed with "earlystagebreast cancer" was compared with the currentBMI (tanita).The relationship between changes in BMIand obesity-related health problems investigated.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 52.7 ± 1.1 (31-78),and all of them were female. At the time of diagnosis,56.3% of the patients were premenopausal and43.7% postmenopausal. While the mean BMI of thepatients at diagnosis was 27.9 ± 5.3, the currentBMI was calculated as 30.7 ± 5.7 (p

Published
2021

10. The effect of the change in hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyteplatelet scores occurring with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on clinical and pathological responses in breast cancer.

Author

YUCE, Elif, KARAKULLUKCU, Serdar, BULBUL, Hatice, ALANDAG, Celal, SAYGIN, Ismail, and KAVGACI, Halil

Subjects
NEOADJUVANT chemotherapy, BREAST cancer, KI-67 antigen
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Breast-cancer is a common-cause of death in women.(1) We investigated the effects of before/after-NACT on hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) scores and of changes therein on clinical/pathological-responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred-twenty-seven breast-cancer-patients receiving-NACT between December 2009 – January 2019 were investigated retrospectively. RESULTS: The mean – age was 50.3±12.3 (min 27 – max 79), and 125 patients (98.4 %) were women. Fiftyfour (42.5 %) were premenopausal and 71 (55.9 %) postmenopausal. Invasive-ductal-carcinoma was present in 111 patients (92.5 %). Eighty patients (70.2 %) were ≤ T2 and 34 (29.8 %) > T2. Lymph-node-status was positive in 99 patients (83.2 %) and negative in 20 (16.8 %). Ki-67 was ≤ 10 % in 22 (28.9 %), 11–20 % in 23 (30.3 %), and > 20 % in 31 (40.8 %). Complete clinical response was observed in 27 (21.3 %), partialresponse in 76 (59.8 %), stable-disease in 21 (16.5 %), and progressive-disease in 3 patients (2.4 %). The objective-response-rate (ORR) was 103 (81.1 %). Pathological-complete-response (pCR) was observed in 24 patients (18.9 %). ORR was higher in Ki-67 > 20 % compared to ≤ 10 % and 10–20 % (90.3 % vs 59.0 % / 78.3 %, respectively, p: 0.027), but no difference occurred in pCR. Neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte-ratio (PLR), prognostic-nutritional-index (PNI), and HALP were measured before/after NACT. Associations with ORR and pCR were investigated via changes in these with NACT (excepting-PNI), but no-signifi cant results emerged. CONCLUSIONS: Higher ORR occurred post-NACT in patients with Ki-67 >20 %, while NLR, PLR, PNI, and HALP before/after-NACT and post-NACT-changes (excepting-PNI) had no-effect on ORR/pCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Comparison of the Stages at the Time of Diagnosis in Breast Cancer Patients Diagnosed at Two Different Periods in The Eastern Black Sea Region (2010-2012 /2014-2016)

Author

ALEMDAĞ, Handan, KAVGACI, Halil, and ALANDAĞ, Celal

Subjects
Breast cancer,Early diagnosis,Stage,Prognosis, Health Care Sciences and Services, Meme kanseri,Erken tanı,Evre,Prognoz, Sağlık Bilimleri ve Hizmetleri
Abstract

Amaç: Meme kanseri dünya genelinde kadınlarda en sık görülen kanser türüdür ve tanı anındaki evre prognoz için önem arz etmektedir. Kanser taramalarında artış, beslenme alışkanlığı değişiklikleri, görüntüleme yöntemlerindeki gelişmeler ve toplumsal farkındalığın artması gibi faktörlerin, zaman içerisinde tanı anındaki evreyi etkileyebildiği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle araştırmada iki farklı yıl aralığında teşhis edilen meme kanseri hastalarında tanı anındaki evreler karşılaştırılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya 2010-2012 ve 2014-2016 yılları arasında histopatolojik olarak meme kanseri tanısı konulmuş hastalar (403 hasta) dahil edilmiştir. Hasta dosyaları retrospektif olarak taranmıştır. Veri toplanması doküman analizi tekniği ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde SPSS 23 programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamında meme kanseri hastalarının %50,9’u erken evrede, %41,5’i lokal ileri evrede, %7,6’sı ise metastatik evrede saptanmıştır. 2010-2012 yılları arasında meme kanseri tanısı alan hastaların %50’si erken evrede tanı alırken bu oran 2014-2016 yılları arasında %51,8‘dir. Sonuç: Araştırma bulgularına dayalı olarak bu çalışmada meme kanseri hastalarının en fazla erken evrede tanı aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Erken evrede tanı alan hastaların oranlarında 2010-2012 tarihleri arasında tanı alanlara göre 2014-2016 tarihleri arasında tanı alanlarda %1,8’lik artış görülmüştür. Ayrıca lokal ileri evrede (LİE’de) azalma ve metastatik evrede (ME’de) artış görülmüştür, ancak bu sonuçlar istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulunmamıştır., Objective: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women across the world and the stage at diagnosis is of vital importance in prognosis. It is believed that factors such as an increase in cancer screening, changes in eating habits, improvements in imaging methods, and increased social awareness of cancer may influence the stage at the time of diagnosis over time. Therefore, the stages at the time of diagnosis were compared in breast cancer patients diagnosed in two different periods. Method: The study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine of Karadeniz Technical University. The study recruited all patients (403 patients) who were histopathologically diagnosed with breast cancer between 2010 and 2012 and between 2014 and 2016. The study used a retrospective study design and sought to describe cases on their own merit. The data were collected using document analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 23. Results: Within the scope of the study, 50.9% of breast cancer patients were detected in the early stage, 41.5% in the locally advanced stage, and 7.6% in the metastatic stage. While 50% of the patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 2010-2012 were diagnosed at an early stage, this rate was 51.8% between 2014-2016. Conclusions: The analysis results showed that the majority of breast cancer patients were diagnosed at an early stage. The rate of patients diagnosed at an early stage increased by 1.8% between 2014 and 2016 compared to those diagnosed between 2010 and 2012. Additionally, there was a decrease in the locally advanced stage and an increase in the metastatic stage; however, these results are not statistically significant.

Published
2021

15. The clinical importance of serum galectin-3 levels in breast cancer patients with and without metastasis

Author

Topcu, Turkan, Kavgaci, Halil, Gunaldi, Meral, Kocoglu, Hakan, Akyol, Murat, Mentese, Ahmet, Yaman, Serap, Orem, Asim, Ozdemir, Feyyaz, and Aydin, Fazil

Subjects
Care and treatment, Development and progression, Genetic aspects, Health aspects, Lectins -- Health aspects, Breast cancer -- Genetic aspects -- Development and progression -- Care and treatment, Gene expression -- Health aspects
Published
2018

16. The clinical importance of serum urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and carbonic anhydrase IX levels and the effect of anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy on these biomarkers in breast cancer

Author

Topcu, Turkan, Ozdemir, Feyyaz, Kavgaci, Halil, Gunaldi, Meral, Kocoglu, Hakan, Imamoglu, Goksen, Mentese, Ahmet, Yaman, Serap, Orem, Asim, and Aydin, Fazil

Subjects
Care and treatment, Usage, Research, Anthracyclines -- Usage, Urokinase -- Research, Carbonic anhydrase -- Research, Adjuvant chemotherapy -- Usage, Breast cancer -- Care and treatment, Biological markers -- Usage
Published
2018

17. The Relationship Between Plexin C1 Overexpression and Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) Study

Author

NazimTurhal, Serdar, primary, Dogan, Mutlu, additional, Esendagli, Guldal, additional, Artac, Mehmet, additional, Korkmaz, Levent, additional, Coskun, Hasan Senol, additional, Goker, Erdem, additional, PerranYumuk, Fulden, additional, Bilgetekin, Irem, additional, Kose, Fatih, additional, Uncu, Dogan, additional, Kavgaci, Halil, additional, Akyol, Gulen, additional, Ozet, Ahmet, additional, and Yagci, Tamer, additional

Published
2021
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20. Merkel cell carcinoma in Turkey: A multicentric study

Author

Yildiz, Fatih, primary, Demirci, Umut, additional, Küçükarda, Ahmet, additional, Büyüksimsek, Mahmut, additional, Sakalar, Teoman, additional, Topcu, TurkanOzturk, additional, Aslan, Ferit, additional, Tufan, Gulnihal, additional, Aydin, Ovgu, additional, Turna, Hande, additional, Babacan, NalanAkgul, additional, Basoglu, Tugba, additional, Kurt, Bediz, additional, Yildiz, Birol, additional, Eren, Tülay, additional, Demiray, AtikeGokcen, additional, Gumusay, Ozge, additional, Arslan, Cagatay, additional, Özdemir, Nuriye, additional, Urun, Yuksel, additional, Baykara, Meltem, additional, Turan, Nedim, additional, Uysal, Mukremin, additional, Bilici, Ahmet, additional, Kavgaci, Halil, additional, Çiçin, İrfan, additional, Kilickap, Saadettin, additional, and Paydas, Semra, additional

Published
2020
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25. Retrospective multicenter evaluation of patients diagnosed with mucosal melanoma: a study of Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology

Author

Ercelep, Ozlem, primary, Topcu, Turkan Ozturk, additional, Bayoglu, Ibrahim Vedat, additional, Ekinci, Ahmet Siyar, additional, Koca, Sinan, additional, Kavgaci, Halil, additional, Ozcelik, Melike, additional, Alacacioglu, Ahmet, additional, Uzunoglu, Sernaz, additional, Bozkurt, Oktay, additional, Ulas, Arife, additional, Aksoy, Asude, additional, Taskoylu, Burcu Yapar, additional, Gumussay, Ozge, additional, Yaman, Sebnem, additional, Uysal, Mukremin, additional, Aydin, Dincer, additional, and Gumus, Mahmut, additional

Published
2016
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30. Is SCUBE 1 a new biomarker for gastric cancer?

Author

Mentese, Ahmet, primary, Fidan, Evren, additional, Sumer, Aysegül Uzun, additional, Karahan, Süleyman Caner, additional, Sonmez, Mehmet, additional, Altay, Diler Us, additional, Kavgaci, Halil, additional, and Alver, Ahmet, additional

Published
2012
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44. Effects of Dexamethasone, All-Trans Retinoic Acid, Vitamin D3 and Interferon-α on FO Myeloma Cells.

Author

Ozdemir, Feyyaz, Esen, Nilgun, Ovali, Ercument, Tekelioglu, Yavuz, Yilmaz, Mustafa, Aydin, Fazil, Kavgaci, Halil, and Boruban, Cem

Subjects
TRETINOIN, CHOLECALCIFEROL, INTERFERONS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, LABORATORY mice
Abstract

DEBackground: Since multiple myeloma responds poorly to conventional chemotherapy or radiotherapy, new therapeutic approaches are needed. This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the active metabolite of vitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] and interferon-α on FO mouse myeloma cells (non-immunoglobulin-secreting myeloma cell line) in single drug or drug combination groups in vitro. Methods: Apoptosis ratio and change in cell counts in 4 single drug groups (dexamethasone, ATRA, vitamin D3 and interferon-α) and 6 combination drug groups (dexamethasone + vitamin D3, dexamethasone + ATRA, dexamethasone + interferon-α, vitamin D3 + ATRA, vitamin D3 + interferon-α, interferon-α + ATRA) were compared with the control group. Results: When treatment groups were compared with the control group, there was a significant increase in apoptosis in all, but this was most prominent in the group treated with dexamethasone alone. The apoptosis ratios were 0.10 and 6.82% in the control and dexamethasone-only groups, respectively. We also found that there was a significant decrease in cell count, particularly in the dexamethasone-only, ATRA-only, and ATRA-vitamin D3 combination groups. Conclusion: ATRA, interferon-α, vitamin D3 and particularly dexamethasone have significant effects on FO mouse myeloma cells resulting in a decreased cell count and an increased apoptosis ratio. This study should be repeated with human myeloma cell lines for further information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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45. Serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D, folic acid and testosterone in patients with breast cancer: a case control study

Author

Fidan, Evren, Yildiz, Bulent, Ozdemir, Feyyaz, Ucar, Utku, Kavgaci, Halil, Orem, Asım, and Aydin, Fazil

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. To study factors causing breast cancer, various epidemiological and experimental studies are being conducted. A relation may exist between vitamin D, folic acid, testosterone, and various neoplasms.

Published
2011
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49. Albumin Infusion is not Beneficial in Hypoalbuminemic End-Stage Cancer Patients: A Matched-Pair Analysis.

Author

BUYUKCELIK, Abdullah, DEMIRKAZIK, Ahmet, YALCIN, Bulent, DOGAN, Mutlu, KAVGACI, Halil, COBAN, Sahin, and ICLI, Fikri

Subjects
*INFUSION therapy, *RETROSPECTIVE studies, *CANCER patients, *HOSPITAL patients, *TERMINALLY ill, *ALBUMINS
Abstract

In this retrospective study, it was aimed whether albumin infusion is benefical or not in terminally ill hospitalized hypoalbuminemic cancer patients. Between March 2000 and 31 March 2003, the medical records of 27 terminally ill hypoalbuminemic cancer patients who had albumin infusion(Albumin receiving group-ARG), were retrospectively analysed. This grup was matched (1:1) with 27 terminally ill cancer patients who had no albumin infusion (Albumin not receiving group-ANRG), according to age, sex, ECOG PS, diagnosis and the number of metastatic sites. ARG was compared with ANRG, in regard to the changes of pulse rate, blood pressure, in the levels of serum BUN, creatinin, sodium, total protein, and albumin before albumin infusion and 48 hours after albumin infusion, and documented and/or clinical infections after albumin infusion, hospitalization duration, the rate of exitus in hospital and overall survival. There was no difference in patient characteristics between two groups. Likewise, the groups were not different from each other in terms of the changes of puls rate, blood pressure, in the levels of serum BUN, creatinin, sodium, and documented and/or clinical infections after albumin infusion (p> 0.05). There was a significant increase in the levels of serum total protein and albumin in ARG (p< 0.05). The rate of exitus in hospital is not different between two groups. The median duration of hospitalization was longer in ANRG (p= 0.022). The overall survival was significantly better in ANRG (p= 0.018). Albumin infusion is not benefical in terminally ill hypoalbuminemic cancer patients. Furthermore, it was found that the survival was significantly worse in patients receiving albumin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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50. Cutaneous melanoma in Turkey: analysis of 1157 patients in the Melanoma Turkish Study.

Author

Abali H, Celik I, Karaca B, Turna H, Kaytan Saglam E, Akman T, Oztop I, Senol Coskun H, Serdar Turhal N, Sezer A, Nayir E, Arican A, Ozkan M, Sevinc A, Demir G, Budakoglu B, Issikdogan A, Engin H, Kilickap S, Coskun U, Oyan B, Harputluoglu H, Er O, Kavgaci H, and Elk Ran T

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Melanoma mortality, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Skin Neoplasms, Turkey, Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant, Melanoma pathology
Abstract

Purpose: To develop a large Turkish National Melanoma registry in order to define demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with melanoma., Methods: The data was collected from 1635 patients with melanoma through a web-based registry system in 22 centers. Herein we present the results of 1157 patients with cutaneous melanoma., Results: The patient median age was 56.4 years and 646 (55.8%) were males. The commonest subtype was superficial spreading type (357, 30.9%). The commonest primary site was the lower extremities (N=353, 30.5%). The most common Breslow thickness was 1-2 mm (361 patients, 43.5%). Only 104 (12.5%) patients had a thickness <1mm. Among 694 patients with available data, 136 (19.6%) presented with stage 4 disease while the most frequent stage was stage 3, encountered in 393 (56.6% patients)., Conclusion: Our melanoma registry is the largest in our country providing a snapshot view of cutaneous melanoma and its care. Our patients presented with more advanced stages and they had worse prognosis compared to SEER database.

Published
2015

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