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Aim: A prospective, randomised study to evaluate effects of brinzolamide on ocular haemodynamics in healthy volunteers. Methods: 30 volunteers (12 men, 18 women; 28.3 (SD 7.8) years) were prospectively randomised [...]

As the maritime transport of containers continues to grow and container ships change in terms of design and construction, it is important to ensure the appropriate level of safety for this type of transport. Over the decades, the size and cargo capacity of container ships have been changing, and so have their manoeuvring restrictions and required stability criteria. It seems that changes in the regulations, technological development and increased stability requirements are not yielding satisfactory results – the causes of container ship accidents continue to show similar patterns. The present article refers to the problem of ensuring safety in sea container transport, with a particular focus on cargo processes. Its purpose is to determine cause-and-effect relations leading to the loss of containers at sea, and to develop a model of loading that could significantly raise the level of safety of container transport.

PurposePrevious studies have shown decreased retrobulbar blood flow in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) compared to healthy controls. This study evaluates the ability of colour Doppler imaging (CDI) to identify patients with NTG.MethodsSixty-two patients with untreated NTG (mean age 57±14 years) and 40 age-matched controls (mean age 58±9 years) were included in a prospective cross-sectional institutional study. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive indices (RI=(PSV–EDV)/PSV) of the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs) were measured by means of CDI. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity was determined at 90% specificity.ResultsPatients with NTG showed significantly decreased PSV (P<0.0001) and EDV (P<0.0001) of the CRA, significantly decreased EDV of the nasal (P=0.004) and temporal (P=0.002) PCA, and significantly increased RI of the temporal (P=0.003) PCAs compared to healthy controls. Sensitivity values at 90% specificity were calculated: PSV of the CRA, 30.6%; EDV of the CRA, 48.4%; EDV of the nasal PCA, 43.9%; EDV of the temporal PCA, 45.9%; and RI of the temporal PCA, 39.3%.ConclusionsThe power to identify NTG using CDI reaches 48% sensitivity at 90% specificity. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine the prognostic value of CDI in glaucoma.Eye (2009) 23, 164–170; doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6702943; published online 10 August 2007 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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