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1. Baltic Sea coastal erosion; a case study from the Jastrzębia Góra region

Author

Uścinowicz Grzegorz, Kramarska Regina, Kaulbarsz Dorota, Jurys Leszek, Frydel Jerzy, Przezdziecki Piotr, and Jegliński Wojciech

Subjects
barrier and cliff coast, coastal landslides, coastal erosion, coastal protection, southern baltic sea, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The coastline in the Jastrzębia Góra area can be divided into three major zones of general importance: a beach and barrier section, a cliff section, and a section protected by a heavy hydrotechnical construction. These areas are characterised by a diverse geology and origin, and hence different vulnerability to erosion. In addition, observations have demonstrated a different pace of erosion within each zone. Based on the results obtained by remote sensing methods (analysis of aerial photographs and maps), it has been determined that the coastline in the barrier area, i.e., to the west of Jastrzębia Góra, moved landwards by about 130 m, in a period of 100 years, and 80 m over about 50 years. A smaller displacement of the shoreline could be observed within the cliff. Between the middle of the twentieth and the start of the twenty-first centuries the shore retreated by about 25 m. However, in recent years, an active landslide has led to the displacement of the uppermost part of the cliff locally up to 25 m. Another issue is, functioning since 2000, a heavy hydrotechnical construction which has been built in order to protect the most active part of the cliff. The construction is not stable and its western part, over a distance of 50 m, has moved almost 2 m vertically downwards and c. 2.5 m horizontally towards the sea in the past two years. This illustrates that the erosional factor does not comprise only marine abrasion, but also involves land-based processes determined by geology and hydrogeology. Changes in the shoreline at the beach and barrier part are constantly conditioned by rising sea levels, the slightly sloping profile of the sea floor and low elevation values of the backshore and dune areas. Cliffs are destroyed by mass wasting and repetitive storm surges that are responsible for the removal of the colluvium which protects the coast from adverse wave effects. Presumably, mass movements combined with groundwater outflow from the cliff, plus sea abrasion cause destabilisation of the cliff protection construction.

Published
2014
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5. Picking Up the Pieces—Harmonising and Collating Seabed Substrate Data for European Maritime Areas

Author

Kizildag, Nilhan, Green, Sophie, Cooper, Rhys, Kjellin, Bernt, Miko, Slobodan, Cela, Teresa Medialdea, McKeon, Charise, Marku, Sokol, Kint, Lars, Mueller, Alexander Mirko, Kanopiene, Roma, Kaulbarsz, Dorota, Ergun, Mustafa, Ion, Gabriel, Jansone, Agnese, Jeglinski, Wojciech, Judge, Maria, Kramarska, Regina, Kumeli, Spela, Leder, Nenad, Leon, Ricardo, Leth, Jorgen, Loureiro, Marisa, Lourenco, Nuno, Lowndes, Jonathan, Marincea, Stefan, Gonzalez, Javier, Grigelis, Algimantas, Glaves, Helen, Hallberg, Ola, Hardy, David, Hjartarson, Arni, Moreno, Julia Gimenez, Morisseau, Eleni Georgiou, Gelumbauskite, Leonora, Hojgaard, Bartal, Hume, Duncan, Ilijanic, Nikolina, Galea, Charles, Fiorentino, Andrea, Erlendsson, Ogmundur, Eihenberga, Antra, Dumitras, Delia, Drakopoulou, Paraskevi, Doda, Viktor, Dimitrov, Lyubomir, Diesing, Markus, D'Angelo, Silvana, Damusyte, Aldona, Damrat, Mateusz, Cyziene, Jolanta, Crmaric, Ranko, Costea, Constantin, ÇİFCİ, GÜNAY, Cheshenko, Nataliia, Celarc, Bogomir, Cato, Ingemar, Caruana, Albert, Carrara, Gabri, Bukovska, Ieva, Brikmane, Baiba, Muinos, Susana Bolhao, Bo, Reidulv, Battaglini, Loredana, Auerbach, Julie, Asch, Kristine, Al-Hamdani, Zyad, Abrantes, Fatima, Stevenson, Alan, Van Lancker, Vera, Kihlman, Susanna, van Heteren, Sytze, Guinan, Janine, Alanen, Ulla, Kotilainen, Aarno Tapio, Kaskela, Anu Marii, Suuroja, Sten, Somoza, Luis, Minkevicius, Vytautas, Zomeni, Zomenia, Zhamoida, Vladimir, Zeiler, Manfred, Zavitsanou, Alexandra, Zananiri, Irene, Zalachori, Aspasia, Vink, Annemiek, Vikingsson, Skuli, Verbruggen, Koen, Vandeven, Tamara, Valerii, Rokitskyi, Vallius, Henry, Uscinowicz, Szymon, Tsoumparaki-Kraounaki, Konstantina, Thorsnes, Terje, Thinon, Isabelle, Terrinha, Pedro, Tellez-Arenas, Agnes, Snezhko, Viktor, Simplet, Laure, Shadrina, Tatjana, Selboskar, Odd Harald, Satkunas, Jonas, Sakellariou, Dimitris, Ryabchuk, Daria, Raznatovic, Ivana, Radusinovic, Slobodan, Przezdziecki, Piotr, Persa, Diana, Pambuku, Arben, Paquet, Fabien, Osharin, Sergii, Olsen, Heidi, Nyberg, Johan, Nulle, Inara, Moses, Cherith, and Mortensen, Lis

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Seabed substrate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Marine geology, Geological Survey Netherlands, Confidence, Sample (statistics), scale, data gaps, European seas, EMODnet, 01 natural sciences, Spatial, Seafloor mapping, 14. Life underwater, 2015 Energy, Seabed, marine geology, seafloor mapping, seabed substrate, harmonisation, confidence, spatial scale, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Harmonisation, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Environmental resource management, Marine spatial planning, Substrate (marine biology), lcsh:Geology, Data access, 13. Climate action, Obstacle, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, business, Scale (map), Geology
Abstract

The poor access to data on the marine environment is a handicap to government decision-making, a barrier to scientific understanding and an obstacle to economic growth. In this light, the European Commission initiated the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) in 2009 to assemble and disseminate hitherto dispersed marine data. In the ten years since then, EMODnet has become a key producer of publicly available, harmonised datasets covering broad areas. This paper describes the methodologies applied in EMODnet Geology project to produce fully populated GIS layers of seabed substrate distribution for the European marine areas. We describe steps involved in translating national seabed substrate data, conforming to various standards, into a uniform EMODnet substrate classification scheme (i.e., the Folk sediment classification). Rock and boulders form an additional substrate class. Seabed substrate data products at scales of 1:250,000 and 1:1 million, compiled using descriptions and analyses of seabed samples as well as interpreted acoustic images, cover about 20% and 65% of the European maritime areas, respectively. A simple confidence assessment, based on sample and acoustic coverage, is helpful in identifying data gaps. The harmonised seabed substrate maps are particularly useful in supraregional, transnational and pan-European marine spatial planning. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Published
2019

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