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1. Coastal ecosystem services in South Africa’s largest natural bay: The role of marine benthic filter feeders in mitigating pollution

Author

Eleonora Puccinelli, Francesca Porri, Katye Altieri, Raquel Flynn, Hazel Little, Tayla Louw, Paula Pattrick, Conrad Sparks, Mutshutshu Tsanwani, Sonya de Waardt, David Walker, and Sarah Fawcett

Subjects
Water quality, Filter feeders, Coastal circulation, Nutrient loading, Atmospheric deposition, Metal contamination, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Nearshore water quality can be highly impacted by anthropogenic activities ongoing along the coast, the effects of which on natural environments can be permanent and irreversible, with consequences for ecosystem biodiversity and functioning, as well as for associated services. Benthic filter feeders (e.g., mussels) provide several services for coastal regions, including improving water quality by reducing eutrophication, being a major source of food for humans, and as a habitat-forming species. Here, we seek to understand the role of benthic filter feeders in enhancing water quality in an urban coastal system in order to assess their role as ecosystem service providers and how they should be included in ecosystem-based evaluations. Using as a model False Bay, South Africa’s largest natural bay and a socio-economic hotspot, this multidisciplinary study was designed to identify possible pollution sources to a highly-urbanised coastal region, assess their effects on several biological and biogeochemical parameters, and evaluate the role of mussels in mitigating these anthropogenic inputs. We consider several sources of pollution, including nutrient loading from wastewater and river outflows, heavy metals, and aerosol deposition. We find that pollutant inputs are largely attenuated by the circulation of the bay and by the presence of filter feeders that bioaccumulate contaminants, thereby removing them from coastal waters. Our work thus emphasizes the potential for mussels and natural abiotic processes to ameliorate anthropogenic impacts, although these mitigation strategies are not without environmental risk. We recommend that such information should be included in national assessments used to develop appropriate strategies and policies for coastal environmental management and conservation.

Published
2022
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2. Fostering multidisciplinary research on interactions between chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system

Author

Jennie L. Thomas, Jochen Stutz, Markus M. Frey, Thorsten Bartels-Rausch, Katye Altieri, Foteini Baladima, Jo Browse, Manuel Dall’Osto, Louis Marelle, Jeremie Mouginot, Jennifer G. Murphy, Daiki Nomura, Kerri A. Pratt, Megan D. Willis, Paul Zieger, Jon Abbatt, Thomas A. Douglas, Maria Cristina Facchini, James France, Anna E. Jones, Kitae Kim, Patricia A. Matrai, V. Faye McNeill, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Paul Shepson, Nadja Steiner, Kathy S. Law, Steve R. Arnold, Bruno Delille, Julia Schmale, Jeroen E. Sonke, Aurélien Dommergue, Didier Voisin, Megan L. Melamed, and Jessica Gier

Subjects
cryosphere, atmospheric chemistry, science coordiation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The cryosphere, which comprises a large portion of Earth’s surface, is rapidly changing as a consequence of global climate change. Ice, snow, and frozen ground in the polar and alpine regions of the planet are known to directly impact atmospheric composition, which for example is observed in the large influence of ice and snow on polar boundary layer chemistry. Atmospheric inputs to the cryosphere, including aerosols, nutrients, and contaminants, are also changing in the anthropocene thus driving cryosphere-atmosphere feedbacks whose understanding is crucial for understanding future climate. Here, we present the Cryosphere and ATmospheric Chemistry initiative (CATCH) which is focused on developing new multidisciplinary research approaches studying interactions of chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere – atmosphere system and their sensitivity to environmental change. We identify four key science areas: (1) micro-scale processes in snow and ice, (2) the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system, (3) cryospheric change and feedbacks, and (4) improved decisions and stakeholder engagement. To pursue these goals CATCH will foster an international, multidisciplinary research community, shed light on new research needs, support the acquisition of new knowledge, train the next generation of leading scientists, and establish interactions between the science community and society.

Published
2019
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7. Key challenges for tropospheric chemistry in the Southern Hemisphere

Author

Clare Paton-Walsh, Kathryn M. Emmerson, Rebecca M. Garland, Melita Keywood, Judith J. Hoelzemann, Nicolás Huneeus, Rebecca R. Buchholz, Ruhi S. Humphries, Katye Altieri, Julia Schmale, Stephen R. Wilson, Casper Labuschagne, Egide Kalisa, Jenny A. Fisher, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Pieter G. van Zyl, Johan P. Beukes, Warren Joubert, Lynwil Martin, Thumeka Mkololo, Cybelli Barbosa, Maria de Fatima Andrade, Robyn Schofield, Marc D. Mallet, Mike J. Harvey, Paola Formenti, Stuart J. Piketh, Gustavo Olivares, Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry [Wollongong] (CAC), University of Wollongong [Australia], CSIRO Climate Science Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Council for Scientific and Industrial Research [Pretoria] (CSIR), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory (ACOML), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Department of Oceanography [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Extreme Environments Research Laboratory (EERL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), South African Weather Service (SAWS), North-West University [South Aftrica] (NWU), Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas [São Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Melbourne, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Auckland] (NIWA)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Environmental Engineering, Ecology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Biogenics, Geology, Southern Ocean, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Oceanography, Fires
Abstract

International audience; This commentary paper from the recently formed International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Southern Hemisphere Working Group outlines key issues in atmospheric composition research that particularly impact the Southern Hemisphere. In this article, we present a broad overview of many of the challenges for understanding atmospheric chemistry in the Southern Hemisphere, before focusing in on the most significant factors that differentiate it from the Northern Hemisphere. We present sections on the importance of biogenic emissions and fires in the Southern Hemisphere, showing that these emissions often dominate over anthropogenic emissions in many regions. We then describe how these and other factors influence air quality in different parts of the Southern Hemisphere. Finally, we describe the key role of the Southern Ocean in influencing atmospheric chemistry and conclude with a description of the aims and scope of the newly formed IGAC Southern Hemisphere Working Group.

Published
2022

8. DDPP Phase II - Reports

Author

Trollip, Hilton, Katye Altieri, Caetano, Tara, Hughes, Alison, Merven, Bruno, and Winkler, Harald

Subjects
climate change, energy research centre, 401703 Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical), DDPP, decarbonisation, Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering, FOS: Mechanical engineering, 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering, report, energy
Abstract

The Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project (DDPP), an initiative of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI), aims to demonstrate how countries can transform their energy systems by 2050 in order to achieve a low-carbon economy and significantly reduce the global risk of catastrophic climate change. Built upon a rigorous accounting of national circumstances, the DDPP defines transparent pathways supporting the decarbonization of energy systems while respecting the specifics of national political economy and the fulfillment of domestic development priorities. The project currently comprises 16 Country Research Teams, composed of leading research institutions from countries representing about 70% of global GHG emissions and at very different stages of development. These 16 countries are: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Published
2019
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9. Oligomers, organosulfates, and nitrooxy organosulfates in rainwater identified by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization FT-ICR mass spectrometry

Author

Katye Altieri, Turpin, B. J., and Seitzinger, S. P.

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, lcsh:QD1-999, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999
Abstract

Wet deposition is an important removal mechanism for atmospheric organic matter, and a potentially important input for receiving ecosystems, yet less than 50% of rainwater organic matter is considered chemically characterized. Precipitation samples collected in New Jersey, USA, were analyzed by negative ion ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Elemental compositions of 552 unique molecular species were determined in the mass range 50–500 Da in the rainwater. Three main groups of organic compounds were identified: compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO) only, sulfur (S) containing CHOS compounds, and S- and nitrogen containing CHONS compounds. Organic acids commonly identified in precipitation were detected, as well as linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are persistent pollutants commonly measured in river water, seawater, and sediments, but to our knowledge, not previously documented in atmospheric samples. Within the three main groups of compounds detected in the rainwater, oligomers, organosulfates, and nitroxy-organosulfates were identified. The majority of the compounds identified are products of atmospheric reactions and are known contributors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from gas phase, aerosol phase, and in-cloud reactions in the atmosphere. It is suggested that the large uncharacterized component of SOA is the main contributor to the large uncharacterized component of rainwater organic matter.

Published
2009

10. Fostering multidisciplinary research on interactions between chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system

Author

Jennie L. Thomas, Jochen Stutz, Markus M. Frey, Thorsten Bartels-Rausch, Katye Altieri, Foteini Baladima, Jo Browse, Manuel Dall’Osto, Louis Marelle, Jeremie Mouginot, Jennifer G. Murphy, Daiki Nomura, Kerri A. Pratt, Megan D. Willis, Paul Zieger, Jon Abbatt, Thomas A. Douglas, Maria Cristina Facchini, James France, Anna E. Jones, Kitae Kim, Patricia A. Matrai, V. Faye McNeill, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Paul Shepson, Nadja Steiner, Kathy S. Law, Steve R. Arnold, Bruno Delille, Julia Schmale, Jeroen E. Sonke, Aurélien Dommergue, Didier Voisin, Megan L. Melamed, Jessica Gier, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Los Angeles] (AOS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, UCLA Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering (JIFRESSE), University of California-University of California-NASA, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Department of Oceanography [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Geography and Environmental Science [Cornwall], University of Exeter, Biologia Marina i Oceanografia [Barcelona], Instituto de Ciencias del Mar de Barcelona (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Earth System Science [Irvine] (ESS), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Department of Chemistry [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences [Hakodate], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Arctic Research Center [Sapporo], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of Chemistry [Ann Arbor], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry [Stockholm] (ACES), Stockholm University, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), USACE Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima [Bologna] (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Earth Sciences [Egham], Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering [New York], Columbia University [New York], Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Chemistry [West Lafayette], Purdue University [West Lafayette], Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [West Lafayette] (EAPS), School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences [Stony Brook] (SoMAS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Institute of Ocean Sciences [Sidney] (IOS), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, Unité d'Océanographie Chimique, Interfacultary Center for Marine Research (MARE), Université de Liège-Université de Liège, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry [Paul Scherrer Institute] (LAC), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-NASA, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Global Atmospheric Chemistry, International Arctic Science Committee, and European Commission

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Environmental Engineering, Atmospheric chemistry, modeling chemistry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, snow photochemistry, aerosol, arctic sea-ice, Earth science, Stakeholder engagement, Cryosphere, Science coordiation, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, ice-nucleating particles, black carbon, Oceanography, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Anthropocene, Multidisciplinary approach, 14. Life underwater, photochemical production, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, lcsh:GE1-350, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Ecology, dome c, Chemistry, Global warming, boundary-layer, Geology, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Snow, nitrogen-oxides, 13. Climate action
Abstract

15 pages, 2 figures, The cryosphere, which comprises a large portion of Earth’s surface, is rapidly changing as a consequence of global climate change. Ice, snow, and frozen ground in the polar and alpine regions of the planet are known to directly impact atmospheric composition, which for example is observed in the large influence of ice and snow on polar boundary layer chemistry. Atmospheric inputs to the cryosphere, including aerosols, nutrients, and contaminants, are also changing in the anthropocene thus driving cryosphere-atmosphere feedbacks whose understanding is crucial for understanding future climate. Here, we present the Cryosphere and ATmospheric Chemistry initiative (CATCH) which is focused on developing new multidisciplinary research approaches studying interactions of chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere – atmosphere system and their sensitivity to environmental change. We identify four key science areas: (1) micro-scale processes in snow and ice, (2) the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system, (3) cryospheric change and feedbacks, and (4) improved decisions and stakeholder engagement. To pursue these goals CATCH will foster an international, multidisciplinary research community, shed light on new research needs, support the acquisition of new knowledge, train the next generation of leading scientists, and establish interactions between the science community and society, CATCH is sponsored by the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) project igacproject.org, the International Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) project solas-int.org, and the International Arctic Science Committee (IASC, iasc.info). Support for CATCH activities has been provided by the French Chantier Arctique Project Pollution in the Arctic System (PARCS). This work was supported by the H2020 ERA-PLANET (689443) iCUPE project

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