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3. Tissue mechanics and somatosensory neural responses govern touch sensation in C. elegans

Author

Sanzeni, A, Katta, S, Petzold, BC, Pruitt, BL, Goodman, MB, and Vergassola, M

Subjects
Neurosciences, Underpinning research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning
Abstract

The sense of touch hinges on tissues transducing stimuli applied to the skin and somatosensory neurons converting mechanical inputs into currents. Like mammalian Pacinian corpuscles, the light-touch response of the prime model organism C. elegans adapts rapidly, and is symmetrically activated by the onset and offset of a step indentation. Here, we propose a quantitative model that combines transduction of stimuli across the skin and subsequent gating of mechanoelectrical channels. For mechanics, we use an elastic model based on geometrically-nonlinear deformations of a pressurized cylindrical shell. For gating, we build upon consequences of the dermal layer’s thinness and tangential stimuli. Our model demonstrates how the onset-offset symmetry arises from the coupling of mechanics and adaptation, and accounts for experimental neural responses to a broad variety of stimuli. Predicted effects of modifications in the mechanics or the internal pressure of the body are tested against mechanical and neurophysiological experiments.

Published
2018

6. Genome-wide Association Study of Bladder Cancer Reveals New Biological and Translational Insights

Author

Koutros, S, Kiemeney, LA, Choudhury, PP, Milne, RL, de Maturana, EL, Ye, Y, Joseph, V, Florez-Vargas, O, Dyrskjot, L, Figueroa, J, Dutta, D, Giles, GG, Hildebrandt, MAT, Offit, K, Kogevinas, M, Weiderpass, E, McCullough, ML, Freedman, ND, Albanes, D, Kooperberg, C, Cortessis, VK, Karagas, MR, Johnson, A, Schwenn, MR, Baris, D, Furberg, H, Bajorin, DF, Cussenot, O, Cancel-Tassin, G, Benhamou, S, Kraft, P, Porru, S, Carta, A, Bishop, T, Southey, MC, Matullo, G, Fletcher, T, Kumar, R, Taylor, JA, Lamy, P, Prip, F, Kalisz, M, Weinstein, SJ, Hengstler, JG, Selinski, S, Harland, M, Teo, M, Kiltie, AE, Tardon, A, Serra, C, Carrato, A, Garcia-Closas, R, Lloreta, J, Schned, A, Lenz, P, Riboli, E, Brennan, P, Tjonneland, A, Otto, T, Ovsiannikov, D, Volkert, F, Vermeulen, SH, Aben, KK, Galesloot, TE, Turman, C, De Vivo, I, Giovannucci, E, Hunter, DJ, Hohensee, C, Hunt, R, V. Patel, A, Huang, W-Y, Thorleifsson, G, Gago-Dominguez, M, Amiano, P, Golka, K, Stern, MC, Yan, W, Liu, J, Alfred, S, Katta, S, Hutchinson, A, Hicks, B, Wheeler, WA, Purdue, MP, McGlynn, KA, Kitahara, CM, Haiman, CA, Greene, MH, Rafnar, T, Chatterjee, N, Chanock, SJ, Wu, X, Real, FX, Silverman, DT, Garcia-Closas, M, Stefansson, K, Prokunina-Olsson, L, Malats, N, Rothman, N, Koutros, S, Kiemeney, LA, Choudhury, PP, Milne, RL, de Maturana, EL, Ye, Y, Joseph, V, Florez-Vargas, O, Dyrskjot, L, Figueroa, J, Dutta, D, Giles, GG, Hildebrandt, MAT, Offit, K, Kogevinas, M, Weiderpass, E, McCullough, ML, Freedman, ND, Albanes, D, Kooperberg, C, Cortessis, VK, Karagas, MR, Johnson, A, Schwenn, MR, Baris, D, Furberg, H, Bajorin, DF, Cussenot, O, Cancel-Tassin, G, Benhamou, S, Kraft, P, Porru, S, Carta, A, Bishop, T, Southey, MC, Matullo, G, Fletcher, T, Kumar, R, Taylor, JA, Lamy, P, Prip, F, Kalisz, M, Weinstein, SJ, Hengstler, JG, Selinski, S, Harland, M, Teo, M, Kiltie, AE, Tardon, A, Serra, C, Carrato, A, Garcia-Closas, R, Lloreta, J, Schned, A, Lenz, P, Riboli, E, Brennan, P, Tjonneland, A, Otto, T, Ovsiannikov, D, Volkert, F, Vermeulen, SH, Aben, KK, Galesloot, TE, Turman, C, De Vivo, I, Giovannucci, E, Hunter, DJ, Hohensee, C, Hunt, R, V. Patel, A, Huang, W-Y, Thorleifsson, G, Gago-Dominguez, M, Amiano, P, Golka, K, Stern, MC, Yan, W, Liu, J, Alfred, S, Katta, S, Hutchinson, A, Hicks, B, Wheeler, WA, Purdue, MP, McGlynn, KA, Kitahara, CM, Haiman, CA, Greene, MH, Rafnar, T, Chatterjee, N, Chanock, SJ, Wu, X, Real, FX, Silverman, DT, Garcia-Closas, M, Stefansson, K, Prokunina-Olsson, L, Malats, N, and Rothman, N

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genomic regions identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for bladder cancer risk provide new insights into etiology. OBJECTIVE: To identify new susceptibility variants for bladder cancer in a meta-analysis of new and existing genome-wide genotype data. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Data from 32 studies that includes 13,790 bladder cancer cases and 343,502 controls of European ancestry were used for meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Log-additive associations of genetic variants were assessed using logistic regression models. A fixed-effects model was used for meta-analysis of the results. Stratified analyses were conducted to evaluate effect modification by sex and smoking status. A polygenic risk score (PRS) was generated on the basis of known and novel susceptibility variants and tested for interaction with smoking. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Multiple novel bladder cancer susceptibility loci (6p.22.3, 7q36.3, 8q21.13, 9p21.3, 10q22.1, 19q13.33) as well as improved signals in three known regions (4p16.3, 5p15.33, 11p15.5) were identified, bringing the number of independent markers at genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10-8) to 24. The 4p16.3 (FGFR3/TACC3) locus was associated with a stronger risk for women than for men (p-interaction = 0.002). Bladder cancer risk was increased by interactions between smoking status and genetic variants at 8p22 (NAT2; multiplicative p value for interaction [pM-I] = 0.004), 8q21.13 (PAG1; pM-I = 0.01), and 9p21.3 (LOC107987026/MTAP/CDKN2A; pM-I = 0.02). The PRS based on the 24 independent GWAS markers (odds ratio per standard deviation increase 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.44-1.53), which also showed comparable results in two prospective cohorts (UK Biobank, PLCO trial), revealed an approximately fourfold difference in the lifetime risk of bladder cancer according to the PRS (e.g., 1st vs 10th decile) for both smokers and nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS: We report novel loci associated

Published
2023

7. Genome-wide Association Study of Bladder Cancer Reveals New Biological and Translational Insights.

Author

Koutros, S., Kiemeney, L.A., Pal Choudhury, P., Milne, R.L., Lopez de Maturana, E., Ye, Y., Joseph, V., Florez-Vargas, O., Dyrskjøt, L., Figueroa, J., Dutta, D., Giles, G.G., Hildebrandt, M.A.T., Offit, K., Kogevinas, M., Weiderpass, E., McCullough, M.L., Freedman, N.D., Albanes, D., Kooperberg, C., Cortessis, V.K., Karagas, M.R., Johnson, A., Schwenn, M.R., Baris, D., Furberg, H., Bajorin, D.F., Cussenot, O., Cancel-Tassin, G., Benhamou, S., Kraft, P., Porru, S., Carta, A., Bishop, T., Southey, M.C., Matullo, G., Fletcher, T., Kumar, R., Taylor, J.A., Lamy, P., Prip, F., Kalisz, M., Weinstein, S.J., Hengstler, J.G., Selinski, S., Harland, M., Teo, M., Kiltie, A.E., Tardón, A., Serra, C., Carrato, A., García-Closas, R., Lloreta, J., Schned, A., Lenz, P., Riboli, E., Brennan, P., Tjønneland, A., Otto, T., Ovsiannikov, D., Volkert, F., Vermeulen, S.H., Aben, K.K.H., Galesloot, T.E., Turman, C., Vivo, I. De, Giovannucci, E., Hunter, D.J., Hohensee, C., Hunt, R., Patel, A.V., Huang, W.Y., Thorleifsson, G., Gago-Dominguez, M., Amiano, P., Golka, K., Stern, M.C., Yan, W., Liu, J., Li, S.A., Katta, S., Hutchinson, A., Hicks, B., Wheeler, W.A., Purdue, M.P., McGlynn, K.A., Kitahara, C.M., Haiman, C.A., Greene, M.H., Rafnar, T., Chatterjee, N., Chanock, S.J., Wu, X., Real, F.X., Silverman, D.T., Garcia-Closas, M., Stefansson, K., Prokunina-Olsson, L., Malats, N., Rothman, N., Koutros, S., Kiemeney, L.A., Pal Choudhury, P., Milne, R.L., Lopez de Maturana, E., Ye, Y., Joseph, V., Florez-Vargas, O., Dyrskjøt, L., Figueroa, J., Dutta, D., Giles, G.G., Hildebrandt, M.A.T., Offit, K., Kogevinas, M., Weiderpass, E., McCullough, M.L., Freedman, N.D., Albanes, D., Kooperberg, C., Cortessis, V.K., Karagas, M.R., Johnson, A., Schwenn, M.R., Baris, D., Furberg, H., Bajorin, D.F., Cussenot, O., Cancel-Tassin, G., Benhamou, S., Kraft, P., Porru, S., Carta, A., Bishop, T., Southey, M.C., Matullo, G., Fletcher, T., Kumar, R., Taylor, J.A., Lamy, P., Prip, F., Kalisz, M., Weinstein, S.J., Hengstler, J.G., Selinski, S., Harland, M., Teo, M., Kiltie, A.E., Tardón, A., Serra, C., Carrato, A., García-Closas, R., Lloreta, J., Schned, A., Lenz, P., Riboli, E., Brennan, P., Tjønneland, A., Otto, T., Ovsiannikov, D., Volkert, F., Vermeulen, S.H., Aben, K.K.H., Galesloot, T.E., Turman, C., Vivo, I. De, Giovannucci, E., Hunter, D.J., Hohensee, C., Hunt, R., Patel, A.V., Huang, W.Y., Thorleifsson, G., Gago-Dominguez, M., Amiano, P., Golka, K., Stern, M.C., Yan, W., Liu, J., Li, S.A., Katta, S., Hutchinson, A., Hicks, B., Wheeler, W.A., Purdue, M.P., McGlynn, K.A., Kitahara, C.M., Haiman, C.A., Greene, M.H., Rafnar, T., Chatterjee, N., Chanock, S.J., Wu, X., Real, F.X., Silverman, D.T., Garcia-Closas, M., Stefansson, K., Prokunina-Olsson, L., Malats, N., and Rothman, N.

Abstract

01 juli 2023, Item does not contain fulltext, BACKGROUND: Genomic regions identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for bladder cancer risk provide new insights into etiology. OBJECTIVE: To identify new susceptibility variants for bladder cancer in a meta-analysis of new and existing genome-wide genotype data. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Data from 32 studies that includes 13,790 bladder cancer cases and 343,502 controls of European ancestry were used for meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Log-additive associations of genetic variants were assessed using logistic regression models. A fixed-effects model was used for meta-analysis of the results. Stratified analyses were conducted to evaluate effect modification by sex and smoking status. A polygenic risk score (PRS) was generated on the basis of known and novel susceptibility variants and tested for interaction with smoking. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Multiple novel bladder cancer susceptibility loci (6p.22.3, 7q36.3, 8q21.13, 9p21.3, 10q22.1, 19q13.33) as well as improved signals in three known regions (4p16.3, 5p15.33, 11p15.5) were identified, bringing the number of independent markers at genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10(-8)) to 24. The 4p16.3 (FGFR3/TACC3) locus was associated with a stronger risk for women than for men (p-interaction = 0.002). Bladder cancer risk was increased by interactions between smoking status and genetic variants at 8p22 (NAT2; multiplicative p value for interaction [p(M-I)] = 0.004), 8q21.13 (PAG1; p(M-I) = 0.01), and 9p21.3 (LOC107987026/MTAP/CDKN2A; p(M-I) = 0.02). The PRS based on the 24 independent GWAS markers (odds ratio per standard deviation increase 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.44-1.53), which also showed comparable results in two prospective cohorts (UK Biobank, PLCO trial), revealed an approximately fourfold difference in the lifetime risk of bladder cancer according to the PRS (e.g., 1st vs 10th decile) for both smokers and nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS: We report novel loci ass

Published
2023

8. Death Due to Homicidal Paraquat Poisnong: A Case Report

Author

Katta Sriram, Mahesh Mandala, Rakesh Miriyala, Anirudh Suseel Nalumaru, and Kattamreddy Ananth Rupesh

Subjects
paraquat, criminal poisoning, homicide, herbicide, dithionate test, forensic toxicology, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Paraquat is a widely used herbicide that raises a significant public health concern due to its extreme toxicity even at low doses and its potential for criminal poisoning. However, most of the research is concentrated on pulmonary toxicity of the compound so far, ignoring its other systemic effects. Moreover, a perfect antidote for this poisoning remains still at large. Case Presentation: In this case report, we present probably the first case of criminal paraquat poisoning in India, involving a 40-year-old man who was poisoned by family members with paraquat-laced alcohol. Although the patient initially appeared to be recovering, his condition worsened, and he died from multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Discussion: Paraquat poisoning presents with a spectrum of clinical features, mainly affecting the lungs and kidneys, often leading to respiratory and renal failure. However, its toxicity extends to other organs like liver causing toxic hepatitis that prompts us for a proper diagnosis and management. Current research and management protocols tend to neglect the hepatic and renal toxicities, focusing primarily on pulmonary fibrosis. The manufacture and sale of paraquat in India needs to be reviewed in the light of increasing global bans of this compound. There is also a pressing need for antidote research in dealing with agrochemical substance abuse, particularly paraquat. Conclusion: The emergence of paraquat as a lethal homicidal poison highlights the need for stringent regulations and proactive measures to safeguard public health. The whole saga of chemical/pesticide regulation in our country is very naïve when compared to the global standard. It is time to foster collaboration between regulatory bodies, healthcare professionals, and researchers to address the menace of ‘paraquat deaths’ in India.

Published
2024
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9. Driving the digital value network: reshaping economic geographies of platform capitalism

Author

Howson, K, Ferrari, F, Ustek-Spilda, F, Salem, N, Johnston, H, Katta, S, Heeks, R, and Graham, M

Abstract

This paper applies insights from global value chains (GVC)/global production networks (GPN) frameworks to explore the economic geographies brought into being by digital labour platforms. In particular, these perspectives facilitate analyses of power imbalances and value extraction across territories—an under-theorized aspect within platform studies. We theorize this dynamic by introducing the descriptor ‘digital value network’ (DVN): a digitally mediated nexus of platform operations that produce and distribute value between territories, on the basis of labour transactions. Empirically, we draw on a multi-year action research project, assessing the operations of platforms and the experiences of platform workers in 54 countries. Our analysis highlights that platforms as lead firms extend GVC/GPN logics of coordination and drivenness in DVN to (i) optimize production capabilities while externalizing ownership and costs, (ii) accumulate both monetary and non-monetary forms of value, and (iii) concentrate power at the global scale in both existing and new sectors.

Published
2022

11. Design, performance, and calibration of CMS hadron-barrel calorimeter wedges

Author

Abdullin, S., Abramov, V., Acharya, B., Adams, M., Akchurin, N., Akgun, U., Anderson, E.W., Antchev, G., Ayan, S., Aydin, S., Baarmand, M., Baden, D., Banerjee, Sud., Banerjee, Sun., Bard, R., Barnes, V., Bawa, H., Baiatian, G., Bencze, G., Beri, S., Bhatnagar, V., Bodek, A., Budd, H., Burchesky, K., Camporesi, T., Cankoçak, K., Carrell, K., Chendvankar, S., Chung, Y., Cremaldi, L., Cushman, P., Damgov, J., de Barbaro, P., Demianov, A., de Visser, T., Dimitrov, L., Dugad, S., Dumanoglu, I., Duru, F., Elias, J., Elvira, D., Emeliantchik, I., Eno, S., Ershov, A., Eskut, E., Fisher, W., Freeman, J., Gavrilov, V., Genchev, V., Gershtein, Y., Golutvin, I., Goncharov, P., Grassi, T., Green, D., Gribushin, A., Grinev, B., Gülmez, E., Gümüş, K., Haelen, T., Hagopian, S., Hagopian, V., Hauptman, J., Hazen, E., Heering, A., Imboden, M., Isiksal, E., Jarvis, C., Johnson, K., Kaftanov, V., Kalagin, V., Karmgard, D., Kalmani, S., Katta, S., Kaur, M., Kaya, M., Kayis-Topaksu, A., Kellogg, R., Khmelnikov, A., Kisselevich, I., Kodolova, O., Kohli, J., Kolossov, V., Korablev, A., Korneev, Y., Kosarev, I., Krinitsyn, A., Krokhotin, A., Kryshkin, V., Kuleshov, S., Kumar, A., Kunori, S., Polatoz, A., Laasanen, A., Lawlor, C., Lazic, D., Levchuk, L., Litvintsev, D., Litov, L., Los, S., Lubinsky, V., Lukanin, V., Machado, E., Mans, J., Massolov, V., Mazumdar, K., Merlo, J.P., Mescheryakov, G., Mestvirishvili, A., Miller, M., Mondal, N., Nagaraj, P., Norbeck, E., O’Dell, V., Olson, J., Onel, Y., Onengut, G., Ozdes-Koca, N., Ozkorucuklu, S., Ozok, F., Paktinat, S., Patil, M., Petrushanko, S., Pikalov, V., Piperov, S., Podrasky, V., Pompos, A., Posch, C., Qian, W., Ralich, R., Reddy, L., Reidy, J., Ruchti, R., Rohlf, J., Ronzhin, A., Ryazanov, A., Sanders, D.A., Sanzeni, C., Sarycheva, L., Satyanarayana, B., Schmidt, I., Senchishin, V., Sergeyev, S., Serin-Zeyrek, M., Sever, R., Singh, J., Sirunyan, A., Skuja, A., Sherwood, B., Shumeiko, N., Smirnov, V., Sorokin, P., Stefanovich, R., Stolin, V., Sudhakar, K., Suzuki, I., Talov, V., Thomas, R., Tully, C., Turchanovich, L., Ulyanov, A., Vankov, I., Vardanyan, I., Verma, P., Vesztergombi, G., Vidal, R., Vlassov, E., Vodopiyanov, I., Volkov, A., Volodko, A., Winn, D., Whitmore, J., Wu, S.X., Zalan, P., Zarubin, A., Zeyrek, M., and The CMS-HCAL Collaboration

Published
2008
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13. Design, performance, and calibration of CMS forward calorimeter wedges

Author

Abdullin, S., Abramov, V., Acharya, B., Adams, M., Akchurin, N., Akgun, U., Anderson, E.W., Antchev, G., Arcidy, M., Ayan, S., Aydin, S., Baarmand, M., Babich, K., Baden, D., Bakirci, M.N., Banerjee, Sud., Banerjee, Sun., Bard, R., Barnes, V., Bawa, H., Baiatian, G., Bencze, G., Beri, S., Bhatnagar, V., Bodek, A., Budd, H., Burchesky, K., Camporesi, T., Cankoçak, K., Carrell, K., Cerci, S., Chendvankar, S., Chung, Y., Cremaldi, L., Cushman, P., Damgov, J., de Barbaro, P., Deliomeroglu, M., Demianov, A., de Visser, T., Dimitrov, L., Dindar, K., Dugad, S., Dumanoglu, I., Duru, F., Elias, J., Elvira, D., Emeliantchik, I., Eno, S., Eskut, E., Fenyvesi, A., Fisher, W., Freeman, J., Gamsizkan, H., Gavrilov, V., Genchev, V., Gershtein, Y., Golutvin, I., Goncharov, P., Grassi, T., Green, D., Gribushin, A., Grinev, B., Gülmez, E., Gümüş, K., Haelen, T., Hagopian, S., Hagopian, V., Hashemi, M., Hauptman, J., Hazen, E., Heering, A., Ilyina, N., Isiksal, E., Jarvis, C., Johnson, K., Kaftanov, V., Kalagin, V., Kalinin, A., Karmgard, D., Kalmani, S., Katta, S., Kaur, M., Kaya, M., Kayis-Topaksu, A., Kellogg, R., Khmelnikov, A., Kim, H., Kisselevich, I., Kodolova, O., Kohli, J., Kolossov, V., Korablev, A., Korneev, Y., Kosarev, I., Koylu, S., Kramer, L., Krinitsyn, A., Krokhotin, A., Kryshkin, V., Kuleshov, S., Kumar, A., Kunori, S., Kurt, P., Kuzucu-Polatoz, A., Laasanen, A., Ladygin, V., Laszlo, A., Lawlor, C., Lazic, D., Levchuk, L., Linn, S., Litvintsev, D., Litov, L., Los, S., Lubinsky, V., Lukanin, V., Ma, Y., Machado, E., Mans, J., Markowitz, P., Massolov, V., Martinez, G., Mazumdar, K., Merlo, J.P., Mermerkaya, H., Mescheryakov, G., Mestvirishvili, A., Miller, M., Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M., Moissenz, P., Mondal, N., Nagaraj, P., Norbeck, E., Olson, J., Onel, Y., Onengut, G., Ozdes-Koca, N., Ozkan, C., Ozkurt, H., Ozkorucuklu, S., Paktinat, S., Pal, A., Patil, M., Penzo, A., Petrushanko, S., Petrosyan, A., Pikalov, V., Piperov, S., Podrasky, V., Pompos, A., Posch, C., Qiang, W., Reddy, L., Reidy, J., Ruchti, R., Rogalev, E., Rohlf, J., Ronzhin, A., Ryazanov, A., Safronov, G., Sanders, D.A., Sanzeni, C., Sarycheva, L., Satyanarayana, B., Schmidt, I., Sekmen, S., Semenov, S., Senchishin, V., Sergeyev, S., Serin-Zeyrek, M., Sever, R., Singh, J., Sirunyan, A., Skuja, A., Sharma, S., Sherwood, B., Shumeiko, N., Smirnov, V., Sogut, K., Sorokin, P., Spezziga, M., Stefanovich, R., Stolin, V., Sulak, L., Suzuki, I., Talov, V., Teplov, K., Thomas, R., Topakli, H., Tully, C., Turchanovich, L., Ulyanov, A., Vankov, I., Vardanyan, I., Varela, F., Vergili, M., Verma, P., Vesztergombi, G., Vidal, R., Vishnevskiy, A., Vlassov, E., Vodopiyanov, I., Volkov, A., Volodko, A., Wang, L., Wetstein, M., Winn, D., Wigmans, R., Whitmore, J., Wu, S.X., Yazgan, E., Yershov, A., Yetkin, T., Zalan, P., Zarubin, A., Zeyrek, M., and The CMS-HCAL Collaboration

Published
2008
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31. Design, Performance, and Calibration of CMS Hadron Endcap Calorimeters

Author

Baiatian, G, Sirunyan, Albert M, Emeliantchik, Igor, Massolov, V, Shumeiko, Nikolai, Stefanovich, R, Damgov, Jordan, Dimitrov, Lubomir, Genchev, Vladimir, Piperov, Stefan, Vankov, Ivan, Litov, Leander, Bencze, Gyorgy, Laszlo, Andras, Pal, Andras, Vesztergombi, Gyorgy, Zálán, Peter, Fenyvesi, Andras, Bawa, Harinder Singh, Beri, Suman Bala, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Kaur, Manjit, Kohli, Jatinder Mohan, Kumar, Arun, Singh, Jas Bir, Acharya, Bannaje Sripathi, Banerjee, Sunanda, Banerjee, Sudeshna, Chendvankar, Sanjay, Dugad, Shashikant, Kalmani, Suresh Devendrappa, Katta, S, Mazumdar, Kajari, Mondal, Naba Kumar, Nagaraj, P, Patil, Mandakini Ravindra, Reddy, L, Satyanarayana, B, Sharma, Seema, Sudhakar, Katta, Verma, Piyush, Hashemi, Majid, Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M, Paktinat, S, Babich, Kanstantsin, Golutvin, Igor, Kalagin, Vladimir, Kamenev, Alexey, Konoplianikov, V, Kosarev, Ivan, Moissenz, K, Moissenz, P, Oleynik, Danila, Petrosian, A, Rogalev, Evgueni, Semenov, Roman, Sergeyev, S, Shmatov, Sergey, Smirnov, Vitaly, Vishnevskiy, Alexander, Volodko, Anton, Zarubin, Anatoli, Druzhkin, Dmitry, Ivanov, Alexander, Kudinov, Vladimir, Orlov, Alexandre, Smetannikov, Vladimir, Gavrilov, Vladimir, Gershtein, Yuri, Ilyina, N, Kaftanov, Vitali, Kisselevich, I, Kolossov, V, Krokhotin, Andrey, Kuleshov, Sergey, Litvintsev, Dmitri, Ulyanov, A, Safronov, Grigory, Semenov, Sergey, Stolin, Viatcheslav, Demianov, A, Gribushin, Andrey, Kodolova, Olga, Petrushanko, Sergey, Sarycheva, Ludmila, Teplov, V, Vardanyan, Irina, Yershov, A, Abramov, Victor, Goncharov, Petr, Kalinin, Alexey, Khmelnikov, Alexander, Korablev, Andrey, Korneev, Yury, Krinitsyn, Alexander, Kryshkin, V, Lukanin, Vladimir, Pikalov, Vladimir, Ryazanov, Anton, Talov, Vladimir, Turchanovich, L, Volkov, Alexey, Camporesi, Tiziano, de Visser, Theo, Vlassov, E, Aydin, Sezgin, Bakirci, Mustafa Numan, Cerci, Salim, Dumanoglu, Isa, Eskut, Eda, Kayis-Topaksu, A, Koylu, S, Kurt, Pelin, Onengüt, G, Ozkurt, Halil, Polatoz, A, Sogut, Kenan, Topakli, Huseyin, Vergili, Mehmet, Yetkin, Taylan, Cankoc, K, Esendemir, Akif, Gamsizkan, Halil, Güler, M, Ozkan, Cigdem, Sekmen, Sezen, Serin-Zeyrek, M, Sever, Ramazan, Yazgan, Efe, Zeyrek, Mehmet, Deliomeroglu, Mehmet, Gülmez, Erhan, Isiksal, Engin, Kaya, Mithat, Ozkorucuklu, Suat, Levchuk, Leonid, Sorokin, Pavel, Grynev, B, Lyubynskiy, Vadym, Senchyshyn, Vitaliy, Hauptman, John M, Abdullin, Salavat, Elias, John E, Elvira, D, Freeman, Jim, Green, Dan, Los, Serguei, ODell, V, Ronzhin, Anatoly, Suzuki, Ichiro, Vidal, Richard, Whitmore, Juliana, Arcidy, M, Hazen, Eric, Heering, Arjan Hendrix, Lawlor, C, Lazic, Dragoslav, Machado, Emanuel, Rohlf, James, Varela, F, Wu, Shouxiang, Baden, Drew, Bard, Robert, Eno, Sarah Catherine, Grassi, Tullio, Jarvis, Chad, Kellogg, Richard G, Kunori, Shuichi, Mans, Jeremy, Skuja, Andris, Podrasky, V, Sanzeni, Christopher, Winn, Dave, Akgun, Ugur, Ayan, S, Duru, Firdevs, Merlo, Jean-Pierre, Mestvirishvili, Alexi, Miller, Michael, Norbeck, Edwin, Olson, Jonathan, Onel, Yasar, Schmidt, Ianos, Akchurin, Nural, Carrell, Kenneth Wayne, Gusum, K, Kim, Heejong, Spezziga, Mario, Thomas, Ray, Wigmans, Richard, Baarmand, Marc M, Mermerkaya, Hamit, Ralich, Robert, Vodopiyanov, Igor, Kramer, Laird, Linn, Stephan, Markowitz, Pete, Cushman, Priscilla, Ma, Yousi, Sherwood, Brian, Cremaldi, Lucien Marcus, Reidy, Jim, Sanders, David A, Karmgard, Daniel John, Ruchti, Randy, Fisher, Wade Cameron, Tully, Christopher, Bodek, Arie, De Barbaro, Pawel, Budd, Howard, Chung, Yeon Sei, Haelen, T, Hagopian, Sharon, Hagopian, Vasken, Johnson, Kurtis F, Barnes, Virgil E, and Laasanen, Alvin T

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Detailed measurements have been made with the CMS hadron calorimeter endcaps (HE) in response to beams of muons, electrons, and pions. Readout of HE with custom electronics and hybrid photodiodes (HPDs) shows no change of performance compared to readout with commercial electronics and photomultipliers. When combined with lead-tungstenate crystals, an energy resolution of 8\% is achieved with 300 GeV/c pions. A laser calibration system is used to set the timing and monitor operation of the complete electronics chain. Data taken with radioactive sources in comparison with test beam pions provides an absolute initial calibration of HE to approximately 4\% to 5\%.

Published
2008

32. Energy Response and Longitudinal Shower Profiles Measured in CMS HCAL and Comparison With Geant4

Author

Baiatian, G, Sirunyan, Albert M, Emeliantchik, Igor, Massolov, V, Shumeiko, Nikolai, Stefanovich, R, Damgov, Jordan, Dimitrov, Lubomir, Genchev, Vladimir, Piperov, Stefan, Vankov, Ivan, Litov, Leander, Bencze, Gyorgy, Laszlo, Andras, Pal, Andras, Vesztergombi, Gyorgy, Zálán, Peter, Fenyvesi, Andras, Bawa, Harinder Singh, Beri, Suman Bala, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Kaur, Manjit, Kohli, Jatinder Mohan, Kumar, Arun, Singh, Jas Bir, Acharya, Bannaje Sripathi, Banerjee, Sunanda, Banerjee, Sudeshna, Chendvankar, Sanjay, Dugad, Shashikant, Kalmani, Suresh Devendrappa, Katta, S, Mazumdar, Kajari, Mondal, Naba Kumar, Nagaraj, P, Patil, Mandakini Ravindra, Reddy, L, Satyanarayana, B, Sharma, Seema, Sudhakar, Katta, Verma, Piyush, Hashemi, Majid, Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M, Paktinat, S, Golutvin, Igor, Kalagin, Vladimir, Kosarev, Ivan, Ladygin, Vladimir, Mescheryakov, G, Moissenz, P, Petrosian, A, Sergeyev, S, Smirnov, Vitaly, Vishnevskiy, Alexander, Volodko, Anton, Zarubin, Anatoli, Gavrilov, Vladimir, Gershtein, Yuri, Ilyina, N, Kaftanov, Vitali, Kisselevich, I, Kolossov, V, Krokhotin, Andrey, Kuleshov, Sergey, Litvintsev, Dmitri, Ulyanov, A, Safronov, Grigory, Semenov, Sergey, Stolin, Viatcheslav, Demianov, A, Gribushin, Andrey, Kodolova, Olga, Petrushanko, Sergey, Sarycheva, Ludmila, Teplov, V, Vardanyan, Irina, Yershov, A, Abramov, Victor, Goncharov, Petr, Kalinin, Alexey, Khmelnikov, Alexander, Korablev, Andrey, Korneev, Yury, Krinitsyn, Alexander, Kryshkin, V, Lukanin, Vladimir, Pikalov, Vladimir, Ryazanov, Anton, Talov, Vladimir, Turchanovich, L, Volkov, Alexey, Camporesi, Tiziano, De Visser, Theo, Vlassov, E, Aydin, Sezgin, Bakirci, Mustafa Numan, Cerci, Salim, Dumanoglu, Isa, Eskut, Eda, Kayis-Topaksu, A, Koylu, S, Kurt, Pelin, Onengüt, G, Ozkurt, Halil, Polatoz, A, Sogut, Kenan, Topakli, Huseyin, Vergili, Mehmet, Yetkin, Taylan, Cankocak, Kerem, Esendemir, Akif, Gamsizkan, Halil, Güler, M, Ozkan, Cigdem, Sekmen, Sezen, Serin-Zeyrek, M, Sever, Ramazan, Yazgan, Efe, Zeyrek, Mehmet, Deliomeroglu, Mehmet, Dindar, Kamile, Gülmez, Erhan, Isiksal, Engin, Kaya, Mithat, Ozkorucuklu, Suat, Levchuk, Leonid, Sorokin, Pavel, Senchishin, V, Hauptman, John M, Abdullin, Salavat, Elias, John E, Elvira, D, Freeman, Jim, Green, Dan, Los, Serguei, O'Dell, Vivian, Ronzhin, Anatoly, Suzuki, Ichiro, Vidal, Richard, Whitmore, Juliana, Arcidy, M, Hazen, Eric, Heering, Arjan Hendrix, Lawlor, C, Lazic, Dragoslav, Machado, Emanuel, Rohlf, James, Varela, F, Wu, Shouxiang, Baden, Drew, Bard, Robert, Eno, Sarah Catherine, Grassi, Tullio, Jarvis, Chad, Kellogg, Richard G, Kunori, Shuichi, Mans, Jeremy, Skuja, Andris, Podrasky, V, Sanzeni, Christopher, Winn, Dave, Akgun, Ugur, Ayan, S, Duru, Firdevs, Merlo, Jean-Pierre, Mestvirishvili, Alexi, Miller, Michael, Norbeck, Edwin, Olson, Jonathan, Onel, Yasar, Schmidt, Ianos, Akchurin, Nural, Carrell, Kenneth Wayne, Gumus, Kazim, Kim, Heejong, Spezziga, Mario, Thomas, Ray, Baarmand, Marc M, Mermerkaya, Hamit, Ralich, Robert, Vodopiyanov, Igor, Kramer, Laird, Linn, Stephan, Markowitz, Pete, Cushman, Priscilla, Ma, Yousi, Sherwood, Brian, Cremaldi, Lucien Marcus, Reidy, Jim, Sanders, David A, Karmgard, Daniel John, Ruchti, Randy, Fisher, Wade Cameron, Tully, Christopher, Bodek, Arie, De Barbaro, Pawel, Budd, Howard, Chung, Yeon Sei, Haelen, T, Hagopian, Sharon, Hagopian, Vasken, Johnson, Kurtis F, Barnes, Virgil E, and Laasanen, Alvin T

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Experiment, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The response of the CMS combined electromagnetic and hadron calorimeter to beams of pions with momenta in the range 5-300 GeV/c has been measured in the H2 test beam at CERN. The raw response with the electromagnetic compartment calibrated to electrons and the hadron compartment calibrated to 300 GeV pions may be represented by sigma = (1.2) sqrt{E} oplus (0.095) E. The fraction of energy visible in the calorimeter ranges from 0.72 at 5 GeV to 0.95 at 300 GeV, indicating a substantial nonlinearity. The intrinsic electron to hadron ratios are fit as a function of energy and found to be in the range 1.3-2.7 for the electromagnetic compartment and 1.4-1.8 for the hadronic compartment. The fits are used to correct the non-linearity of the e pi response to 5% over the entire measured range resulting in a substantially improved resolution at low energy. Longitudinal shower profile have been measured in detail and compared to Geant4 models, LHEP-3.7 and QGSP-2.8. At energies below 30 GeV, the data, LHEP and QGSP are in agreement. Above 30 GeV, LHEP gives a more accurate simulation of the longitudinal shower profile.

Published
2007

33. Synchronization and Timing in CMS HCAL

Author

Baiatian, G, Sirunyan, Albert M, Emeliantchik, Igor, Massolov, V, Shumeiko, Nikolai, Stefanovich, R, Damgov, Jordan, Dimitrov, Lubomir, Genchev, Vladimir, Piperov, Stefan, Vankov, Ivan, Litov, Leander, Bencze, Gyorgy, Laszlo, Andras, Pal, Andras, Vesztergombi, Gyorgy, Zálán, Peter, Fenyvesi, Andras, Bawa, Harinder Singh, Beri, Suman Bala, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Kaur, Manjit, Kohli, Jatinder Mohan, Kumar, Arun, Singh, Jas Bir, Acharya, Bannaje Sripathi, Banerjee, Sunanda, Banerjee, Sudeshna, Chendvankar, Sanjay, Dugad, Shashikant, Kalmani, Suresh Devendrappa, Katta, S, Mazumdar, Kajari, Mondal, Naba Kumar, Nagaraj, P, Patil, Mandakini Ravindra, Reddy, L, Satyanarayana, B, Sharma, Seema, Sudhakar, Katta, Verma, Piyush, Hashemi, Majid, Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M, Paktinat, S, Golutvin, Igor, Kalagin, Vladimir, Kosarev, Ivan, Ladygin, Vladimir, Mescheryakov, G, Moissenz, P, Petrosian, A, Sergeyev, S, Smirnov, Vitaly, Vishnevskiy, Alexander, Volodko, Anton, Zarubin, Anatoli, Gavrilov, Vladimir, Gershtein, Yuri, Ilyina, N, Kaftanov, Vitali, Kisselevich, I, Kolossov, V, Krokhotin, Andrey, Kuleshov, Sergey, Litvintsev, Dmitri, Ulyanov, A, Safronov, Grigory, Semenov, Sergey, Stolin, Viatcheslav, Demianov, A, Gribushin, Andrey, Kodolova, Olga, Petrushanko, Sergey, Sarycheva, Ludmila, Teplov, V, Vardanyan, Irina, Yershov, A, Abramov, Victor, Goncharov, Petr, Kalinin, Alexey, Khmelnikov, Alexander, Korablev, Andrey, Korneev, Yury, Krinitsyn, Alexander, Kryshkin, V, Lukanin, Vladimir, Pikalov, Vladimir, Ryazanov, Anton, Talov, Vladimir, Turchanovich, L, Volkov, Alexey, Camporesi, Tiziano, De Visser, Theo, Vlassov, E, Aydin, Sezgin, Bakirci, Mustafa Numan, Cerci, Salim, Dumanoglu, Isa, Eskut, Eda, Kayis-Topaksu, A, Koylu, S, Kurt, Pelin, Onengüt, G, Ozkurt, Halil, Polatoz, A, Sogut, Kenan, Topakli, Huseyin, Vergili, Mehmet, Yetkin, Taylan, Cankocak, Kerem, Esendemir, Akif, Gamsizkan, Halil, Güler, M, Ozkan, Cigdem, Sekmen, Sezen, Serin-Zeyrek, M, Sever, Ramazan, Yazgan, Efe, Zeyrek, Mehmet, Deliomeroglu, Mehmet, Gülmez, Erhan, Isiksal, Engin, Kaya, Mithat, Ozkorucuklu, Suat, Levchuk, Leonid, Sorokin, Pavel, Senchyshyn, Vitaliy, Hauptman, John M, Abdullin, Salavat, Elias, John E, Elvira, D, Freeman, Jim, Green, Dan, Los, Serguei, O'Dell, Vivian, Ronzhin, Anatoly, Suzuki, Ichiro, Vidal, Richard, Whitmore, Juliana, Arcidy, M, Hazen, Eric, Heering, Arjan Hendrix, Lawlor, C, Lazic, Dragoslav, Machado, Emanuel, Rohlf, James, Varela, F, Wu, Shouxiang, Baden, Drew, Bard, Robert, Eno, Sarah Catherine, Grassi, Tullio, Jarvis, Chad, Kellogg, Richard G, Kunori, Shuichi, Mans, Jeremy, Skuja, Andris, Podrasky, V, Sanzeni, Christopher, Winn, Dave, Akgun, Ugur, Ayan, S, Duru, Firdevs, Merlo, Jean-Pierre, Mestvirishvili, Alexi, Miller, Michael, Norbeck, Edwin, Olson, Jonathan, Onel, Yasar, Schmidt, Ianos, Akchurin, Nural, Carrell, Kenneth Wayne, Gumus, Kazim, Kim, Heejong, Spezziga, Mario, Thomas, Ray, Wigmans, Richard, Baarmand, Marc M, Mermerkaya, Hamit, Ralich, Robert, Vodopiyanov, Igor, Kramer, Laird, Linn, Stephan, Markowitz, Pete, Cushman, Priscilla, Ma, Yousi, Sherwood, Brian, Cremaldi, Lucien Marcus, Reidy, Jim, Sanders, David A, Karmgard, Daniel John, Ruchti, Randy, Fisher, Wade Cameron, Tully, Christopher, Bodek, Arie, De Barbaro, Pawel, Budd, Howard, Chung, Yeon Sei, Haelen, T, Hagopian, Sharon, Hagopian, Vasken, Johnson, K, Barnes, Virgil E, and Laasanen, Alvin T

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Abstract

The synchronization and timing of the hadron calorimeter (HCAL) for the Compact Muon Solenoid has been extensively studied with test beams at CERN during the period 2003-4, including runs with 40 MHz structured beam. The relative phases of the signals from different calorimeter segments are timed to 1 ns accuracy using a laser and equalized using programmable delay settings in the front-end electronics. The beam was used to verify the timing and to map out the entire range of pulse shapes over the 25 ns interval between beam crossings. These data were used to make detailed measurements of energy-dependent time slewing effects and to tune the electronics for optimal performance.

Published
2007

34. CMS TriDAS project: Technical Design Report, Volume 1: The Trigger Systems

Author

Bayatyan, G L, Grigorian, N, Khachatrian, V G, Margarian, A T, Sirunyan, A M, Stepanian, S, Adam, W, Brugger, M, Erö, J, Fierro, M, Friedl, M, Frühwirth, Rudolf, Hrubec, Josef, Jeitler, Manfred, Krammer, Manfred, Pernicka, Manfred, Porth, Paul, Rohringer, Herbert, Rurua, L, Taurok, Anton, Walzel, G, Wedenig, R, Wulz, Claudia Elisabeth, Baryshevsky, V G, Fedorov, A, Gorodishenin, N L, Korzhik, M V, Missevitch, O V, Panov, V, Zuyeuski, R, Zalessky, V B, Ermalitsky, F, Kuchinskii, P, Lomako, V M, Prosolovich, V, Devroede, O, Goorens, R, Lemonne, J, Tavernier, Stefaan, Udo, Fred, Van Doninck, W K, Van Lancker, L, Bertrand, D, De Lentdecker, G, Stefanescu, J, Van der Velde, C, Vanlaer, P, Favart, D, Govaerts, J, Grégoire, G, Lemaître, V, Ninane, A, Piotrzkowski, K, van der Aa, O, Boulogne, I, Daubie, Evelyne, Herquet, P, Beaumont, W, Beckers, T, De Langhe, E, Moortgat, F, Verbeure, F, Zhukov, V, Abadjiev, K, Anguelov, T, Atanasov, I H, Damgov, J, Dimitrov, L, Genchev, V, Georgiev, G, Iaydjiev, P, Kounov, B, Penchev, L, Raykov, P, Sultanov, G G, Vankov, I, Vankov, P, Darmenov, N, Gritskov, A, Jordanov, A, Litov, L, Mateev, M, Petev, P, Spassov, V, Tchijov, M, Tsenov, R V, Velev, G V, Bian, J G, Chen, C, Chen, G M, Guo, Y N, He, J T, Jiang, C H, Jin, B N, Ke, Z J, Li, J, Li, W G, Li Xiao Nan, Qiu, J F, Shen, B W, Shen, X Y, Sheng, H Y, Wang, Y Y, Xu Rong Sheng, Yang, M, Zhang Bing Yun, Zhang, J W, Zhang, S Q, Zhao Wei Ren, Zhao, Z, Zheng Jian Ping, Zhu, G Y, Zhu, Y S, Ban, Y, Cai, J, Chen Jia Erh, Liu Hong Tao, Liu Song Qiu, Lou Bin Qiao, Qian, S J, Ye Yan Lin, An, Q, Bian, Z, Chen, H, Gong, Z F, Li Chuan, Shri, C S, Sun, L Z, Wang, X L, Wang, Z M, Wu, J, Ye Shu Wei, Zhang, Z P, Deng, Q, Li, P J, Shen, D Z, Xue, Z L, Yuan, H B, Chang, Y H, Chen, A E, Go, A, Lin, W, Chang, P, Hou, G W S, Ueno, K, Godinovic, N, Milin, M, Puljak, I, Soric, I, Stipcevic, M, Tudoric-Ghemo, J, Antunovic, Z, Dzelalija, M, Marasovic, K, Hasan, A, Razis, P A, Vorvolakos, A, Hall, A, Lippmaa, E, Lippmaa, J, Raidal, Martti, Subbi, J, Aarnio, Pertti A, Banzuzi, K, Heikkinen, A M, Heinonen, J V, Honkanen, A, Karimäki, V, Katajisto, H M, Kinnunen, Ritva, Lassila-Perini, K M, Lefébure, V, Pietarinen, E, Tuominen, E, Tuominiemi, Jorma, Ungaro, D, Vanhala, T P, Williams, C, Lehti, S, Lindén, T, Äystö, J, Julin, R, Ruuskanen, P V, Kallijärvi, S, Keränen, A, Palmu, L, Remes, K, Suhonen, E, Tuuva, T, Niittylahti, J, Vainio, O, Baek, Y W, Boget, D, Ditta, J, Drobychev, G Yu, Guillaud, J P, Maire, M, Mendiburu, J P, Nédélec, P, Peigneux, J P, Schneegans, M, Sillou, D, Anfreville, M G, Bonamy, P, Bouchand, C, Chipaux, Rémi, Dejardin, M, Denegri, Daniel, Gentit, F X, Givernaud, Alain, Kircher, F, Lemoigne, Y, Locci, E, Lottin, J P, Nguyen, M C, Pansart, J P, Payn, A, Rander, J, Reymond, J M, Rondeaux, F, Rosowsky, A, Roth, P, Verrecchia, P, Badier, J, Bercher, M, Bourotte, J, Busson, P, Chamont, D, Charlot, C, Dobrzynski, Ludwik, Gilly, J, Haguenauer, Maurice, Karar, A, Kim, G B, Kluberg, L, Lecouturier, D, Matricon, P, Milleret, G, Miné, P, Morano, R, Paganini, P, Poilleux, P, Romanteau, T, Albert, A, Berst, J D, Blaes, R, Brom, J M, Charles, F, Coffin, J, Didierjean, François, Drouhin, F, Ernenwein, J P, Fontaine, J C, Geist, Walter M, Goerlach, U, Helleboid, J M, Huss, D, Illinger, C, Juillot, P, Lounis, A, Maazouzi, C, Moreau, S, Riahi, Y, Ripp-Baudot, I, Todorov, T, Vintache, D, Zghiche, A, Ageron, M, Bedjidian, Marc, Chabanat, E, Combaret, C, Contardo, D, Depasse, P, Drapier, O, Dupanloup, M, El-Mamouni, H, Fay, J, Gascon-Shotkin, S M, Giraud, N, Girerd, C, Goyot, M, Haroutounian, R, Ille, B, Lebrun, P, Lethuillier, M, Martin, J P, Mathez, H, Mirabito, L, Muanza, G S, Perriès, S, Sahuc, P, Smadja, G, Tissot, S, Walder, J P, Zach, F, Amaglobeli, N S, Bagaturia, Yu S, Glonti, L, Kartvelishvili, V G, Kvatadze, R A, Mzhavia, D A, Sakhelashvili, T M, Shanidze, R G, Tsamalaidze, Z B, Djaoshvili, N, Iashvili, I, Kharchilava, A I, Roinishvili, N N, Roinishvili, V N, Berger, C, Braunschweig, W, Breibach, J, Gu, W H, Heister, A, Karpinski, W, Kirn, T, König, S, Kukulies, C, Ostapchuk, A Ya, Pandoulas, D, Pierschel, G, Raupach, F, Schael, S, Schmitz, D, Schultz von Dratzig, A, Siedling, R, Wallraff, W, Wittmer, B, Banicz, K, Bechstein, S, Böhm, A, Bosseler, K, Faissner, Helmut, Fesefeldt, H S, Hermann, S, Ivannikov, A, Rein, D, Reithler, H, Szczesny, H, Tonutti, M, Wegner, M, Axer, M, Beissel, F, Commichau, V, Flügge, G, Hangarter, K, Macke, D, Mnich, J, Nowak, A, Petertill, M, Schmitz, P, Schulte, R, Sonnenschein, L, Zander, A, Grünewald, M W, Hebbeker, T, Höpfner, K, Rosca, A, Bartsch, V, Blüm, H P, de Boer, Wim, Dierlamm, A, Dirkes, G, Drollinger, V, Erdmann, M, Feindt, Michael, Grigoriev, E, Hartmann, F, Hauler, F, Heiss, A, Müller, T, Röderer, F, Simonis, H J, Skiba, A, Theel, A, Thümmel, W H, Weiler, Thomas J, Weseler, S, Resvanis, L K, Adzic, P, Barone, M, Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I, Fanourakis, G K, Geralis, T, Harissopoulos, S V, Kokkinias, P, Kyriakis, A, Loukas, D, Markou, A, Markou, C, Mastroyiannopoulos, N, Mousa, J, Siotis, I, Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M, Staveris-Polykalas, A, Tsirigotis, A G, Tzamarias, S, Vayaki, Anna, Zachariadou, K, Zupan, M, Asimidis, A, Evangelou, I, Kokkas, P, Manthos, N, Mitropoulos, O, Prouskas, K, Triantis, F A, Tzoulis, N, Bagoly, Z, Bencze, G L, Csilling, Akos, Hajdu, C, Hidas, P, Horváth, D, Ódor, G, Ster, A, Urbàn, L, Vesztergombi, G, Zálán, P, Zsenei, M, Dajkó, G, Fenyvesi, A, Molnár, J, Pálinkás, J, Sohler, D, Trócsányi, Z L, Vamosi, J, Végh, J, Baksay, L, Bondar, T, Juhász, S, Marian, G, Nagy, S, Raics, P, Szabó, J, Szabó, Z, Szegedi, S, Szillási, Z, Sztaricskai, T, Tarjan, P, Zilizi, G, Bala, S B, Bhatnagar, V, Kaur, M, Kohli, J M, Singh, J, Borkar, S, Chandratre, V, Chaudhury, R K, Dixit, M Y, Ghodgaonkar, M, John, B, Kataria, S K, Mohanty, A K, Topkar, A, Aziz, T, Banerjee, Sunanda, Chendvankar, S R, Deshpande, P V, Ganguli, S N, Gurtu, A, Katta, S, Maity, M, Mazumdar, K, Patil, M R, 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A S, Cooper, A, Fountain, M, McCliment, E, Merlo, J P, Miller, M J, Önel, Y M, Schmidt, I, Barnett, B A, Chien, C Y, Cho Hyo Sung, Liang, G, Swartz, M, Xie, X, Abdullin, S, Arcelli, S, Baden, D, Bard, R L, Eno, S, Fong, D, Grassi, T, Hadley, N J, Kellogg, R G, Kunori, S, Sharma, A, Skuja, A, Carey, R, Hazen, E S, Kearns, E T, Machado, E, Miller, J, Osborne, D, Roberts, B L, Rohlf, J, Sulak, Lawrence R, Sullivan, J D, Wu, S, Alverson, G, Fenker, H C, Gaponenko, I A, Moromisato, J H, Musienko, Yu V, Nicol, S, Paul, T, Reucroft, S, Swain, J D, Taylor, L, von Goeler, E, Yasuda, T, Bauer, G, Friedman, J, Paus, C, Pavlon, S, Rosenson, L, Sumorok, Konstanty, Tether, S, Tseng, J, Cushman, P B, Heering, A H, Kronkvist, I J, Rusack, R W, Singovsky, A V, Vikas, P, Bhatt, K, Booke, M, Cremaldi, L M, Kroeger, R A, Reidy, J, Sanders, D, Summers, D, Campbell, W B, Claes, D R, Lundstedt, C, Snow, G R, Bartz, E, Conway, J, Devlin, T, Doroshenko, J, Jacques, P F, Kalelkar, M S, Koeth, T W, Lath, A, Perera, L P, Schnetzer, S, Somalwar, S V, Stone, R, Thomson, G, Watts, T L, Bussat, J M, Denes, P, Gupta, V, Mans, J, Marlow, D, Piroué, P A, Stickland, D P, Tully, C, Wildish, T, Blusk, S R, Bodek, Arie, Budd, H, De Barbaro, P, Dyshkant, A, Ginther, G, Kruse, M, Ruggiero, D, Sakumoto, W, Slattery, P F, Tipton, P, Bylsma, B, Durkin, L S, Gilmore, J, Gu, J, Herman, D, Kim, C, Larsen, D, Ling, T Y, Rush, C J, Sehgal, V, Ferguson, T, Russ, J, Terentyev, N K, Vogel, H, Vorobev, I, Adams, N, Corcoran, M, Eppley, G, Lamas-Valverde, J, Matveev, M, Miettinen, H, Nussbaum, T, Padley, P, Platner, E D, Roberts, J, Yepes, P, Akchurin, N, Cranshaw, J, Nagaslaev, V, Papadimitriou, V, Sill, A F, Wigmans, R, Chaney, R C, Fenyves, Ervin J, Hammack, H D, O'Malley, M R, Suson, D J, Meyer, H, Mo, L, Nunamaker, T A, Carlsmith, D, Chumney, P, Dasu, S, Feyzi, F, Jaworski, M, Lackey, J R, Loveless, R, Lusin, S, Reeder, D, Smith, W H, Avezov, A, Belov, M, Bisenov, N T, Gafarov, A A, Gasanov, E, Ibragimova, E, Kim, G, Koblik, Yu N, Rakhmatov, N, Rustamov, I, Shukrullo, I, Urkinbaev, A R, and Yuldashev, B S

Subjects
Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Published
2004

36. CMS : the TriDAS Project Technical Design Report; v.1, the Trigger Systems

Author

L. Bayatyan, G., Grigorian, N., G. Khachatrian, V., T. Margarian, A., M. Sirunyan, A., Adam, W., Brügger, M., Erö, J., Fierro, M., Friedl, M., Frühwirth, R., Hrubec, J., Jeitler, A., Krammer, M., Pernicka, M., Porth, P., Rohringer, H., Rurua, L., Taurok, A., Walzel, G., Wedenig, R., E. Wulz, C., G. Baryshevsky, V., Fedorov, A., L. Gorodishenin, N., V. Korzhik, M., V. Missevitch, O., Panov, V., Zuyeuski, R., B. Zalessky, V., Ermalitsky, F., Kuchinskii, P., M. Lomako, V., Prosolovich, V., Devroede, O., Goorens, R., Lemonne, J., Tavernier, S., Udo, F., W. K. Van, Doninck, L. Van, Lancker, Bertrand, D., G. De, Lentdecker, Stefanescu, J., Velde C. Van, Der, Vanlaer, P., Favart, D., Govaerts, J., Grégoire, G., Lemaître, V., Ninane, A., Piotrzkowski, K., Aa O. Van, Der, Boulogne, I., Daubie, E., Herquet, P., Beaumont, W., Beckers, T., E. De, Langhe, Moortgat, F., Verbeure, F., Zhukov, V., Abadjiev, K., Anguelov, T., H. Atanasov, I., Damgov, J., Dimitrov, L., Genchev, V., Georgiev, G., Iaydjiev, P., Kounov, B., Penchev, L., Raykov, P., G. Sultanov, G., Vankov, I., Vankov, P., Darmenov, N., Gritskov, A., Jordanov, A., B. Litov, L., Mateev, M., Petev, P., Spassov, V., Tchijov, M., Tsenov, R., V. Velev, G., G. Bian, J., Chen, C., M. Chen, G., N. Guo, Y., T. He, J., H. Jiang, C., N. Jin, B., J. Ke, Z., Li, J., G. Li, W., Nan Li, Xiao, F. Qiu, J., W. Shen, B., Y. Shen, X., Y. Sheng, H., Wang, Y.Y., Sheng Xu, Rong, Yang, M., Yun Zhang, Bing, W. Zhang, J., Q. Zhang, S., Ren Zhao, Wei, Zhao, Z., Ping Zheng, Jian, Y. Zhu, G., S. Zhu, Y., Ban, Y., Cai, J., Erh Chen, Jia, Tao Liu, Hong, Qiu Liu, Song, Qiao Lou, Bin, J. Qian, S., Lin Ye, Yan, An, Q., Bian, Z., Chen, H., F. Gong, Z., Li, Chuan, S. Shri, C., Z. Sun, L., L. Wang, X., M. Wang, Z., Wu, J., Wei Ye, Shu, P. Zhang, Z., Deng, Q., J. Li, P., Z. Shen, D., L. Xue, Z., B. Yuan, H., H. Chang, Y., E. Chen, A., Go, A., Lin, W., Chang, P., W. S. Hou, G., Ueno, K., Godinovic, N., Milin, M., Puljak, I., Soric, I., Stipcevic, M., Tudoric-Ghemo, J., Antunovic, Z., Dzelalija, M., Marasovic, K., Hasan, A., A. Razis, P., Vorvolakos, A., Hall, Alexander, Lippmaa, E., Lippmaa, J., Raidal, M., Subbi, J., A. Aarnio, Pertti, Banzuzi, K., M. Heikkinen, A., V. Heinonen, J., Honkanen, A., Karimäki, Veikko, M. Katajisto, H., Kinnunen, Ritva, M. Lassila-Perini, K., Lefébure, V., Pietarinen, E., Tuominen, E., Tuominiemi, J., Ungaro, D., P. Vanhala, T., Williams, C., Lehti, S., Lindén, T., Äystö, Juha, Julin, R., V. Ruuskanen, P., Kallijarvi, S., Keränen, A., Palmu, L., Remes, K., Suhonen, E., Tuuva, T., Niittylahti, J., Vainio, O., Baek, Y.W., Boget, D., Ditta, J., Drobychev, G., Guillaud, J.P., Maire, M., Mendiburu, J.P., Nédélec, P., Peigneux, J.P., Schneegans, M., Sillou, D., Anfreville, M., Bonamy, P., Bouchand, C., Chipaux, R., Dejardin, M., Denegri, D., X. Gentit, F., Givernaud, A., Kircher, F., Lemoigne, Y., Locci, E., P. Lottin, J., C. Nguyen, M., P. Pansart, J., Payn, A., Rander, J., M. Reymond, J., Rondeaux, F., Rosowsky, A., Roth, P., Verrecchia, P., Badier, J., Bercher, M., Bourotte, J., Busson, Pierre, Chamont, D., Charlot, C., Dobrzynski, L., Gilly, J., Haguenauer, M., Karar, A., B. Kim, G., Kluberg, L., Lecouturier, D., Matricon, P., Milleret, G., Miné, P., Morano, R., Paganini, P., Poilleux, P., Romanteau, T., Albert, A., Berst, J.D., Blaes, R., Brom, J.M., Charles, F., Coffin, J., Didierjean, F., Drouhin, F., Ernenwein, J.-P., Fontaine, J.C., Geist, W., Goerlach, U., Helleboid, J.M., Huss, D., Illinger, C., Juillot, P., Lounis, A., Maazouzi, C., Moreau, S., Riahi, Y., Ripp-Baudot, I., Todorov, T., Vintache, D., Zghiche, A., Ageron, M., Bedjidian, M., Chabanat, E., Combaret, C., Contardo, D., Depasse, P., Drapier, O., Dupanloup, M., El-Mamouni, H., Fay, J., Gascon-Shotkin, S., Giraud, N., Girerd, C., Goyot, M., Haroutunian, R., Ille, B., Lebrun, P., Lethuillier, M., Martin, J.-P., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Muanza, G.-S., Perriès, S., Sahuc, P., Smadja, G., Tissot, S., Walder, J.-P., Zach, F., S. Amaglobeli, N., S. Bagaturia, Yu, Glonti, L., G. Kartvelishvili, V., A. Kvatadze, R., Mzhavia, D.A., M. Sakhelashvili, T., G. Shanidze, R., B. Tsamalaidze, Z., Djaoshvili, N., Iashvili, I., I. Kharchilava, A., N. Roinishvili, N., N. Roinishvili, V., Berger, C., Braunschweig, W., Breibach, J., H. Gu, W., Heister, A., Karpinski, W., Kirn, T., König, S., Kukulies, C., Ya Ostapchuk, A., Pandoulas, D., Pierschel, G., Raupach, F., Schael, S., Schmitz, D., Dratzig A. Schultz, Von, Siedling, R., Wallraff, W., Wittmer, B., Banicz, K., Bechstein, S., Böhm, A., Bosseler, K., Faissner, H., S. Fesefeldt, H., Hermann, S., Ivannikov, A., Rein, D., Reithler, H., Szczesny, H., Tonutti, M., Wegner, M., Axer, M., Beissel, F., Commichau, V., Flügge, G., Hangarter, K., Macke, D., Mnich, J., Nowak, A., Petertill, M., Schmitz, P., Schulte, R., Sonnenschein, L., Zander, A., W. Grünewald, M., Hebbeker, T., Höpfner, K., Rosca, A., Bartsch, V., P. Blüm, H., W. De, Boer, Dierlamm, A., Dirkes, G., Drollinger, V., Erdmann, M., Feindt, M., Grigoriev, E., Hartmann, F., Hauler, F., Heiss, A., Müller, T., Roederer, F., J. Simonis, H., Skiba, A., Theel, A., H. Thümmel, W., Weiler, T.J., Weseler, S., K. Resvanis, L., Adzic, P., Barone, M., Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I., K. Fanourakis, G., Geralis, T., Harissopoulos, S., Kokkinias, P., Kyriakis, A., Loukas, D., Markou, A., Markou, C., Mastroyiannopoulos, N., Mousa, J., Siotis, I., Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M., Staveris-Polykalas, A., G. Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Vayaki, A., Zachariadou, K., Zupan, M., Asimidis, A., Evangelou, I., Kokkas, P., Manthos, N., Mitropoulos, O., Prouskas, K., A. Triantis, F., Tzoulis, N., Bagoly, Z., L. Bencze, G., Csilling, Akos, Hajdu, C., Hidas, P., Horváth, Dragos, Ódor, G., Ster, A., Urbàn, L., Vesztergombi, G., Zálán, P., Zsenei, M., Dajkó, G., Fenyvesi, A., Molnár, J., Pálinkás, J., Sohler, D., László Trócsányi, Zoltán, Vamosi, J., Végh, J., Baksay, L., Bondar, T., Juhász, S., Marian, G., Nagy, S., Raics, P., Szabo, J., Szabó, Z., Szegedi, S., Szillási, Z., Sztaricskai, T., Tarjan, P., Zilizi, G., B. Bala, S., Bhatnagar, V., Kaur, M., M. Kohli, J., Singh, J., Borkar, S., Chandratre, V., K. Chaudhury, R., Y. Dixit, M., Ghodgaonkar, M., John, B., K. Kataria, S., K. Mohanty, A., Topkar, A., Aziz, T., Banerjee, S., R. Chendvankar, S., V. Deshpande, P., N. Ganguli, S., Gurtu, A., Katta, S., Maity, M., Mazumdar, K., R. Patil, M., C. Tonwar, S., S. Acharya, B., Bheesette, S., Dugad, S., D. Kalmani, S., R. Krishnaswamy, M., R. Lakkireddi, V., K. Mondal, N., Panyam, N., Vemuri, N., Verma, P., I. Bhardwaj, A., K. Shivpuri, R., K. Verma, V., Abbrescia, M., Colaleo, A., Creanza, D., M. De, Palma, Fiore, L., Iaselli, G., Loddo, F., Maggi, G., Marangelli, B., Menegotto, M., My, S., Natali, S., Nuzzo, S., Pugliese, G., Radicci, V., Ranieri, A., Romano, F., Ruggieri, F., Selvaggi, G., Silvestris, L., Tempesta, P., Zito, G., Benvenuti, A.C., Capiluppi, P., R. Cavallo, F., Cuffiani, M., d'Antone, I., M. Dallavalle, G., Fabbri, F.L., Fanfani, A., Giacomelli, G., Giacomelli, P., Grandi, C., Guerzoni, M., Marcellini, S., Mazzanti, P., Montanari, A., Montanari, C., Navarria, F.L., Odorici, F., Perrotta, A., Rossi, A., Rovelli, T., P. Siroli, G., Travaglini, R., Albergo, S., Bellini, V., Castorina, P., Cavalieri, S., Chiorboli, M., Costa, Sebastian, L. Lo, Monaco, Potenza, R., Russo, V., Tricomi, A., Tuvé, C., Bellucci, L., Biggeri, U., Borchi, E., Bruzzi, M., Buffini, A., Busoni, S., Castellini, G., Civinini, C., d'Alessandro, R., Focardi, E., Landi, G., Lenzi, M., Meschini, M., Minelli, C., Parrini, G., Pieri, M., Pirollo, S., Sciortino, S., Bozzo, M., Fabbricatore, P., Farinon, S., Musenich, R., Priano, C., Berti, L., Biasotto, M., Gastaldi, U., Gulmini, M., Maron, G., Toniolo, N., Azzi, P., Bacchetta, N., Bellato, M., Benettoni, M., Bisello, D., Candelori, A., Castro, A., Checchia, P., Conti, E., M. De, Giorgi, A. De, Min, Dosselli, U., Fanin, C., Gasparini, F., Gasparini, U., Gonella, F., Kaminski, Pierre-Alexandre, Lacaprara, S., Lippi, I., Loreti, M., T. Meneguzzo, A., Michelotto, M., Montecassiano, F., Neviani, A., Paccagnella, A., Paoletti, S., Passaseo, M., Pegoraro, M., Ronchese, P., Stavitski, I., Torassa, E., Ventura, Laurent, Ventura, S., Verlato, M., L. Zotto, P., Zumerle, G., Altieri, S., Belli, G., Bruno, G., Guida, R., Merlo, M., P. Ratti, S., Riccardi, C., Torre, P., Vitulo, P., M. Angarano, M., Babucci, E., Biasini, M., M. Bilei, G., T. Brunetti, M., Ceccotti, F., Checcucci, B., A. Giorgi, M., Lariccia, P., C. Mantovani, G., Passeri, D., Placidi, P., Postolache, V., Santinelli, R., Santocchia, A., Scorzoni, A., Servoli, L., Tommasi, G., Angelini, F., Bagliesi, G., Bardi, A., Basti, A., Bellazzini, R., Bernardini, J., Borrello, L., Bosi, F., L. Braccini, P., Brez, A., Carosi, R., Castaldi, R., Chiarelli, G., Ciulli, V., Dell'Orso, M., Dell'Orso, R., Donati, S., Dutta, S., Foà, Lorenzo, Galeotti, S., Giannetti, P., Giassi, A., Giusti, S., Iannaccone, G., Latronico, L., Ligabue, F., Lumb, N., Magazzù, G., Mariani, M., M. Massai, M., Messineo, A., Militaru, O., Moggi, A., Morsani, F., Palla, F., Punzi, G., Raffaelli, F., Ristori, L., Sanguinetti, G., Sciabà, A., Segneri, G., Sguazzoni, G., Spandre, G., Spezziga, M., Spinella, F., N. Starodumov, A., Tenchini, R., Teodorescu, L., Tonelli, G., Venturi, A., G. Verdini, P., Wang, J., Xie, Z., Baccaro, S., Barone, L., Bartoloni, A., Castellani, M., Cecilia, A., Dafinei, I., F. De, Notaristefani, Diemoz, M., Festinesi, A., Longo, E., Meridiani, P., Montecchi, M., Organtini, G., Puccini, M., Valente, E., Zullo, A., Amapane, N., Arneodo, M., Bertolino, F., Biino-Palestini, C., Cirio, R., Costa, M., Dattola, D., Daudo, F., V. Del, Duca, Demaria, L., Favro, G., I. Ferrero, M., Maselli, S., Monaco, V., Peroni, C., Romero, A., Sacchi, R., Solano, A., Staiano, A., Vitelli, A., U. Kim, Y., Kwon Nam, Soon, Y. Bahk, S., I. Jang, H., Y. Kim, J., I. Kim, T., T. Lim, I., Y. Pac, M., J. Lee, S., T. Rhee, J., Ahn, S., Hong, B., J. Hong, S., J. Kim, Y., S. Lee, K., K. Park, H., K. Park, S., S. Sim, K., G. Koo, D., J. Kim, B., B. Kim, S., H. Park, I., G. Cheon, B., I. Choi, Y., H. Chung, W., W. Ham, S., M. Jeon, H., H. Kim, D., Y. Kim, W., K. Oh, S., Ro, S., C. Son, D., Aftab, Z., A. Ahmad, M., Alam, J.J., Bhatti, N., Hasanain, K., R. Hoorani, H., K. Khan, M., M. Khan, S., Niaz, A., Riazuddin, M., Solaija, T., R. Ahmad, J., U. Awan, I., Iftikhar, N., A. Khan, M., U. Mirza, M., Muhammad, A., Zeb, J., Cwiok, M., Czyrkowski, H., Dabrowski, R., Dominik, W., Kazana, M., Królikowski, J., G. Kudla, I., Majewski, P., Pietrusinski, M., Pozniak, K., Zych, P., Gokieli, R., Górski, M., Goscilo, L., Wrochna, G., Zalewski, Piotr, Almeida, C., Almeida, N., Augusto, J., Barata-Monteiro, T., Bordalo, P., Cardoso, N., S. Da, Mota-Silva, J. Da, Silva, P. Dias, O., Gomes, J., M. Gonçalves, F., Ramos, S., Santos, M., Sequeira-Lopes-Tavares, S., Silva, S., Simoes-Azevedo, C., Teixeira, I., P. Teixeira, J., Varela, J., V. Afanasiev, S., Anisimov, I., V. Bandurin, D., A. Belkov, A., Chatrchyan, S.A., E. Cheremuhin, A., V. Cheshkov, C., S. Chvyrov, A., Dmitriev, A., Elsha, V., V. Erchov, Yu, H. Finger, M., A. Golutvin, I., Gorbunov, N.A., M. Gramenitskii, I., Ivantchenko, I., Janata, A., Kalagin, V., Yu Karjavin, V., S. Khabarov, V., T. Kiryushin, Yu, I. Kolesnikov, V., F. Konoplyanikov, V., V. Korenkov, V., Kossarev, I., Koutov, A., I. Kracíková, T., Krasnov, V., G. Litvinenko, A., Lysiakov, V., Malakhov, A., Mechtcheriakov, G., A. 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Yuldashev, B., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CMS, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Flores, Sylvie

Subjects
[PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]
Abstract

CMS

Published
2000

42. What Is It Like to Be a Game?—Object Oriented Inquiry for Games Research, Design, and Evaluation

Author

Katta Spiel and Lennart E. Nacke

Subjects
object-oriented inquiry, evaluation, speculation, design, games, play, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) researchers more and more challenge the notion of technologies as objects and humans as subjects. This conceptualization has led to various approaches inquiring into object perspectives within HCI. Even though the development and analysis of games and players is filled with notions of intersubjectivity, games research has yet to embrace an object oriented perspective. Through an analysis of existing methods, we show how Object-Oriented Inquiry offers a useful, playful, and speculative lens to pro-actively engage with and reflect on how we might know what it is like to be a game. We illustrate how to actively attend to a game's perspective as a valid position. This has the potential to not only sharpen our understanding of implicit affordances but, in turn, about our assumptions regarding play and games more generally. In a series of case studies, we apply several object-oriented methods across three methodological explorations on becoming, being, and acting as a game, and illustrate their usefulness for generating meaningful insights for game design and evaluation. Our work contributes to emerging object-oriented practices that acknowledge the agency of technologies within HCI at large and its games-oriented strand in particular.

Published
2020
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49. A discriminator code–based DTD surveillance ensures faithful glycine delivery for protein biosynthesis in bacteria

Author

Santosh Kumar Kuncha, Katta Suma, Komal Ishwar Pawar, Jotin Gogoi, Satya Brata Routh, Sambhavi Pottabathini, Shobha P Kruparani, and Rajan Sankaranarayanan

Subjects
proofreading, translation, genetic code, tRNA, synthetase, protein synthesis, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase (DTD) acts on achiral glycine, in addition to D-amino acids, attached to tRNA. We have recently shown that this activity enables DTD to clear non-cognate Gly-tRNAAla with 1000-fold higher efficiency than its activity on Gly-tRNAGly, indicating tRNA-based modulation of DTD (Pawar et al., 2017). Here, we show that tRNA’s discriminator base predominantly accounts for this activity difference and is the key to selection by DTD. Accordingly, the uracil discriminator base, serving as a negative determinant, prevents Gly-tRNAGly misediting by DTD and this protection is augmented by EF-Tu. Intriguingly, eukaryotic DTD has inverted discriminator base specificity and uses only G3•U70 for tRNAGly/Ala discrimination. Moreover, DTD prevents alanine-to-glycine misincorporation in proteins rather than only recycling mischarged tRNAAla. Overall, the study reveals the unique co-evolution of DTD and discriminator base, and suggests DTD’s strong selection pressure on bacterial tRNAGlys to retain a pyrimidine discriminator code.

Published
2018
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