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Background and Objectives Gastric and intestinal mucin phenotype cell markers are widely expressed in gastric carcinoma cells, irrespective of their tumor histological type. In the present study, we tried to reveal the clinicopathological significance of mucin phenotype in human gastric carcinomas. Moreover, we investigated the clinical significance of RUNX3 in association with mucin phenotype. Methods The mucin expression of MUC5AC, MUC6, MUC2, and CD10 was evaluated in 97 gastric carcinomas by immunohistochemistry. Tumors were classified into gastric (G), gastric and intestinal mixed (GI), intestinal (I), and null (N) phenotype according to combination of mucin expression. Results The rate of G, GI, I, and N phenotype was 40.0%, 38.1%, 10.3%, and 19.6%, respectively. Mucin phenotype was also significantly correlated with several clinicopathological findings. Patients with I phenotype had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with any other phenotypes. They also had a higher rate of postoperative liver metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed that mucin phenotype was a significant independent prognostic factor. We suggested that Loss of RUNX3 expression might correlate with intestinal phenotype and postoperative outcome. Conclusions Mucin phenotype has a significant prognostic value and may be a useful marker for the treatment of human gastric carcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:124–129. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

症例は50歳代の男性で, 平成4年4月にstage II(T2, N1, P0, H0, M0)胃癌に対し胃全摘術を施行した. 病理診断はsignet ring cell carcinomaであった. 術後3年間の5FU系内服抗癌剤およびPSK投与の後, 再発兆候はなかった. 平成16年8月中旬より腰痛を認め, 精査にて胸椎・腰椎の病的骨折が疑われたために骨生検を施行. Signet ring cell carcinomaと診断され, 胃癌の骨転移と診断した. TS-1+CDDP療法および放射線照射を行った. いったん, 腫瘍マーカーの減少と疼痛の緩和が得られたが, 約2か月後にdisseminated intravascular coagulationを発症し死亡した. 術後10年以上経過した後に再発を来す症例はまれであるが, 若年者で胃体中～上部, 組織型が未分化型, リンパ節転移陽性であれば, 術後後期の骨転移も考慮に入れ, 長期にわたる経過観察の必要性が示唆された.

Diffusivity of oxygen in Czochralski silicon crystal in the temperature range of 400–750 °C has been determined from macroscopic oxygen precipitation behavior. The oxygen diffusivities at several nucleation temperatures from 400 to 750 °C were deduced from precipitated oxygen concentrations after a series of precipitate growth heat treatments, 800 °C/4 h and 1000 °C/16 h, using an extended nucleation theory. The measured oxygen diffusivity at 450–650 °C is 2–4×10−14 cm2/s, independent of the temperature, and considerably larger than the generally accepted normal diffusivity of Di=0.13 exp(−2.53 eV/kT). Moreover, the diffusivity at 450 °C is found to be roughly proportional to the interstitial oxygen concentration. It is suggested that this dependence of oxygen diffusivity on interstitial oxygen concentration can be explained by a model involving fast diffusing oxygen molecules.

シールドトンネルは, 一次覆工のみでは可擁性に富む構造物であるが, 二次覆工を設けると剛性が著しく高まり, 剛性評価と耐震性の照査と経済性の確保に苦慮しているのが現状である. 東京湾横断道路では, この問題に対処するため, 実験と種々の耐震解析を重ね, (1) 二次覆工のひびわれ, (2) ひびわれ部の鉄筋のばねとしての作用, (3) 地盤変位の伝達率がほとんど変化しないこと等を確認し, 単純かつ合理的で汎用性のある耐震設計法をとりまとめた.

Cancer metastases are commonly found in the lymphatic system and tumor lymphangiogenesis requires the interplay of several growth factors. The expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C in esophageal cancer was investigated to define their clinicopathological significance.Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of PDGF-BB and VEGF-C was examined, along with lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in 53 patients with esophageal cancer.PDGF-BB and VEGF-C expression was positive in 31 cases (58.5%) and 38 cases (71.7%), respectively, and expression correlated with lymph node metastasis and lymphatic invasion. Furthermore, PDGF-BB expression correlated with the depth of tumor invasion and the size of the tumor, and PDGF-BB-positive patients had a significantly poorer prognosis than PDGF-BB-negative patients. The LVD in positive PDGF-BB or VEGF-C tumors was higher than in negative tumors.PDGF-BB may play a pivotal role in lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth in esophageal cancer.

Lymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors in malignant tumors. In this study, we investigated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C expression in human gastric cancer using immunohistochemical techniques and determined the number of microvessels in peritumoral tissue. VEGF-C expression was positive in 22 of 79 cases (27.8%), and correlated with the presence of lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis. We confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that VEGF-C mRNA expression is observed more commonly in cancer tissues than normal tissues. For 59 gastric tumors, we examined lymphatic vessel density (LVD) using the specific lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor (LYVE) -1 antibody. VEGF-C expression was observed in 10 of 25 cases (40%) that exhibited a high LVD. Furthermore, high LVD exhibited a significant correlation with VEGF-C expression. Our findings suggest that VEGF-C plays a pivotal role for lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth in gastric cancer.

Lymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors in malignant tumors. In this study, we investigated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C expression in human gastric cancer using immunohistochemical techniques and determined the number of microvessels in peritumoral tissue. VEGF-C expression was positive in 22 of 79 cases (27.8%), and correlated with the presence of lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis. We confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that VEGF-C mRNA expression is observed more commonly in cancer tissues than normal tissues. For 59 gastric tumors, we examined lymphatic vessel density (LVD) using the specific lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor (LYVE) -1 antibody. VEGF-C expression was observed in 10 of 25 cases (40%) that exhibited a high LVD. Furthermore, high LVD exhibited a significant correlation with VEGF-C expression. Our findings suggest that VEGF-C plays a pivotal role for lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth in gastric cancer.

Schottky diodes were formed on p-type Si by evaporating Sm in a vacuum. Impurity concentration determined by the C-V analysis of the Schottky diodes coincided quite well with that calculated from four-point resistivity, making this method suitable for accurately measuring the impurity distribution in p-type epitaxial layers.