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Datasets of oscillator strength spectra, photoabsorption cross sections, and mass absorption coefficients are evaluated for 9 atoms (H, He, Li, N, O, Ne, Na, Cl, and Ar) and 23 molecules (H2, N2, O2, CO, NO, HCl, H2O, CO2, N2O, NO2, H2S, SO2, O3, NH3, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, CH3OH, C6H6, SiH4, SF6, and C60), which are based on the data compiled by Berkowitz [Atomic and Molecular Photoabsorption: Absolute Total Cross Sections (Academic Press, 2002)]. The atomic number of adopted atoms is up to 18 (Ar) and that of constituent atoms of adopted molecules is not larger than 17 (Cl). For these atoms and molecules, experimental data are plenty to construct a reliable oscillator strength spectrum over the entire energy region. Datasets reported here are presently the most reliable because Berkowitz adopted cross sections after severe consideration of existing experimental data. The oscillator strengths are selected to satisfy the several sum rules and other theoretical bound conditions

Regional science has long been concerned with measuring the spatial distribution of innovation activity. We introduce trademarks as a new indicator for regional innovation and argue that they are particularly useful to measure the ‘soft’ side of innovation that is difficult to capture with conventional indicators. We explore the spatial distribution of trademarks using a detailed and comprehensive dataset of 47 Japanese prefectures from 1999 to 2012. In addition to mapping differences in trademarking across regions, we identify correlates at the regional level that provide insights into determinants of regional innovation measured via trademarks. For example, regional trademark activity positively correlates with population density, income per capita, entrepreneurship rate, the number of universities, and strong private service and finance sectors. Overall, the results reveal associations unique to trademarks that other measures of innovation cannot uncover. Our findings contribute to research in regional science and the evolving literature on trademarks.

The National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS) has compiled and developed atomic and molecular numerical databases for various collision processes and makes it accessible from the internet to the public. The database contains numerical data of cross sections and rate coefficients for electron collision or ion collisions with atoms and molecules, attached with bibliographic information on their data sources. The database system provides query forms to search data, and numerical data are retrievable. The graphical output is helpful to understand energy dependence of cross sections and temperature dependence of rate coefficients obtained by various studies. All data are compiled mainly from published literature, and data sources can be tracked by the bibliographic information. We also have data of sputtering yields and back-scattering coefficients for solid surfaces collided by ions in the database. All data in the database are applicable to understand atomic and molecular processes in various plasmas, such as fusion plasma, astrophysical plasma and applied plasma, as well as for understanding plasma–surface interaction in plasmas., source:Atoms 2020, 8(4), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms8040071, source:https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms8040071, identifier:0000-0001-7544-1773

0000-0001-7544-1773, The National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS) has compiled and developed atomic and molecular numerical databases for various collision processes and makes it accessible from the internet to the public. The database contains numerical data of cross sections and rate coefficients for electron collision or ion collisions with atoms and molecules, attached with bibliographic information on their data sources. The database system provides query forms to search data, and numerical data are retrievable. The graphical output is helpful to understand energy dependence of cross sections and temperature dependence of rate coefficients obtained by various studies. All data are compiled mainly from published literature, and data sources can be tracked by the bibliographic information. We also have data of sputtering yields and back-scattering coefficients for solid surfaces collided by ions in the database. All data in the database are applicable to understand atomic and molecular processes in various plasmas, such as fusion plasma, astrophysical plasma and applied plasma, as well as for understanding plasma–surface interaction in plasmas.