109 results on '"Kate Russell"'
Search Results
2. Scaling-Up Interventions for Strengthening Antimicrobial Stewardship Using a One Health Approach in Wakiso District, Uganda
- Author
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Grace Biyinzika Lubega, David Musoke, Suzan Nakalawa, Claire Brandish, Bee Yean Ng, Filimin Niyongabo, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Jagdeep Gheer, Jody Winter, Michael Obeng Brown, Kate Russell-Hobbs, Lawrence Mugisha, and Linda Gibson
- Subjects
antimicrobial resistance ,antimicrobial stewardship ,One Health approach ,Medicine - Abstract
We implemented a multidisciplinary project between Uganda and the UK aimed at strengthening antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in Wakiso district, with a focus on capacity building, stakeholder engagement, and knowledge exchange using a One Health approach. Project activities included: trainings and workshops on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), AMS, infection prevention and control (IPC); Global Point Prevalence Survey (GPPS) data collection and analysis; and the mentorship of lower level health facilities. Our project demonstrated that AMS interventions using a One Health approach can enhance understanding of the prudent use of antimicrobials and improve practices at health facilities and within communities.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. It Can Be a 'Very Fine Line': Professional Footballers’ Perceptions of the Conceptual Divide Between Bullying and Banter
- Author
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James A. Newman, Victoria E. Warburton, and Kate Russell
- Subjects
bullying ,banter ,dividing line ,professional football ,interpretative phenomenological analysis ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
This study explores professional footballers’ perceptions of where banter crosses the conceptual line into bullying. The study’s focus is of importance, given the impact that abusive behaviors have been found to have on the welfare and safeguarding of English professional footballers. A phenomenological approach was adopted, which focused on the essence of the participants’ perceptions and experiences. Guided by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), individual semi-structured interviews (MDuration = 44.10 min, SD = 10.81) were conducted with 18 male professional footballers (Mage = 19.83 years, SD = 2.96) from three Premier League and Championship football clubs. The findings from this study revealed several key superordinate themes in relation to the dividing line between bullying and banter. These themes included “perception,” “intentionality,” “detecting the line,” and “having a bit of banter.” The findings demonstrate how perceptions of bullying and banter are nuanced by individual differences among the players and the culture of the professional football context. Specifically, it was found that the professional football context can legitimize forms of humor blurring the lines between bullying and banter, challenging the typically positive view of the concept of banter in this environment. From an applied perspective, these findings highlight the need for coaches, players, and football clubs more broadly to address cultural expectations around banter in their environment, while educating individuals around their own perceptions of bullying and banter.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study
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David Musoke, Carol Namata, Grace Biyinzika Lubega, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Lawrence Mugisha, Saba Amir, Claire Brandish, Joviah Gonza, Deborah Ikhile, Filimin Niyongabo, Bee Yean Ng, Jean O’Driscoll, Kate Russell-Hobbs, Jody Winter, and Linda Gibson
- Subjects
antimicrobial resistance ,antimicrobials ,antimicrobial stewardship ,community ,humans ,animals ,one health ,waste management ,uganda ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Background Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In addition, human behaviours such as poor disposal of antimicrobials in the environment can increase their exposure to microbes which can impact on humans and animals. However, evidence on access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for humans and animals at community level in Uganda is limited. This study therefore explored access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda. Methods A qualitative study was conducted that involved focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Participants of the FGDs were community health workers (CHWs) and farmers involved in animal husbandry, while key informants included: officials from the Ministry of Health; Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries; human and animal health professionals; district health officials; and members of the national AMR surveillance committee. Twelve FGDs were held (8 for CHWs and 4 for farmers) while 15 KIIs were conducted. Thematic analysis in NVivo (version 12) was performed. Results Five main themes emerged from the study: access to antimicrobials in humans; access to antimicrobials in animals; use of antimicrobials in humans; use of antimicrobials in animals; and disposal of antimicrobials. Community members mainly accessed antimicrobials for humans from public health facilities such as government health centres, as well as private facilities, including drug shops and clinics. Antimicrobials for animals were obtained from veterinary practitioners and drug shops (both for humans and veterinary). Examples of inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals was evident, such as sharing antibiotics among household members, and giving human-prescribed antimicrobials to food-producing animals as growth promoters. While some CHWs returned unused antimicrobials to public health facilities for proper disposal, community members mainly disposed of antimicrobials with general household waste including dumping in rubbish pits. Conclusions There is a need to increase awareness among the population on proper access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for both humans and animals. Development of a drug disposal system at community level would facilitate improved waste management of antimicrobials. Together, these measures would help prevent the rate of progression of AMR in communities.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Using a Respectful Approach to Child-centred Healthcare (ReACH) in a paediatric clinical trial: A feasibility study.
- Author
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Analise Nicholl, Kate Evelegh, Kane Evan Deering, Kate Russell, David Lawrence, Philippa Lyons-Wall, and Therese Anne O'Sullivan
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundThere is a growing momentum in paediatric ethics to develop respectful research and healthcare protocols. We developed, tested and refined our 'Respectful Approach to Child-centred Healthcare' (ReACH), to underpin respectful participant interactions in a clinical trial.ObjectiveTo determine whether a ReACH-based approach is acceptable to children and parents, and effective in obtaining compliance with common healthcare assessments in a clinical trial of healthy 4-6-year-old children.MethodsReACH-based child assessments were evaluated at two baseline clinics and one post-intervention, using mixed methods. Children (n = 49; 46.9% female; mean age = 5.24±0.88 years at baseline) and their parents provided independent evaluation, via customised 5-point Likert scales and qualitative feedback. A dedicated child researcher evaluated adherence to the study ReACH principles.ResultsChildren achieved compliance rates of 95% for body composition (BodPod) assessments; 89% for blood pressure measurements, and 92% (baseline) and 87% (post-intervention) for blood draws. Adherence to ReACH principles during clinic visits was positively associated with child compliance, significantly for baseline BodPod (p = 0.002) and blood test (p = 0.009) clinics. Satisfaction with BodPod protocols was positively associated with compliance, for children at baseline (p = 0.029) and for parents post-intervention (p ConclusionsAdherence to our emerging ReACH approach was associated with high child compliance rates for common healthcare assessments, although no causality can be inferred at this preliminary stage of development. Participants expressed satisfaction with all aspects of the study. Our use of child-centred methods throughout a research intervention appears feasible and acceptable to children and their parents.
- Published
- 2020
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6. Assessing the Impact of a Global Health Fellowship on Pharmacists’ Leadership Skills and Consideration of Benefits to the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom
- Author
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Claire Brandish, Frances Garraghan, Bee Yean Ng, Kate Russell-Hobbs, Omotayo Olaoye, and Diane Ashiru-Oredope
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Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) ,National Health Service (NHS) ,Chief Pharmaceutical Officer’s Global Health Fellowship ,CPhOGH Fellows ,CwPAMS ,pharmacy ,Medicine - Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global, public health concern that affects humans, animals and the environment. The UK Fleming Fund’s Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) scheme aimed to support antimicrobial stewardship initiatives to tackle AMR through a health partnership model that utilises volunteers. There is evidence to indicate that NHS staff participating in international health projects develop leadership skills. Running in parallel with the CwPAMS scheme was the first Chief Pharmaceutical Officer’s Global Health (CPhOGH) Fellowship for pharmacists in the UK. In this manuscript, we evaluate the impact, if any, of participation in the CwPAMS scheme and the CPhOGH Fellowship, particularly in relation to leadership skills, and consider if there are demonstrable benefits for the NHS. The 16 CPhOGH Fellows were invited to complete anonymised baseline and post-Fellowship self-assessment. This considered the impact of the Fellowship on personal, professional and leadership development. Senior colleagues were invited to provide insights into how the Fellows had performed over the course of the Fellowship. All Fellows responded to both the pre- and post-Fellowship questionnaires with a return of 100% (16/16) response rate. There was a significant improvement in Fellows’ perception of their confidence, teaching abilities, understanding of behaviour change, management and communication skills. However, there was no change in the Fellows’ attitude to work. Feedback was received from 26 senior colleagues for 14 of the CPhOGH Fellows. Overall, senior colleagues considered CPhOGH Fellows to progress from proficient/established competencies to strong/excellent when using the national pharmacy Peer Assessment Tool and NHS Healthcare Leadership Model. The majority (88%) of senior colleagues would recommend the Fellowship to other pharmacists. The analysis of the data provided suggests that this CPhOGH Fellowship led to the upskilling of more confident, motivated pharmacist leaders with a passion for global health. This supports the NHS’s long-term plan “to strengthen and support good compassionate and diverse leadership at all levels”. Constructive feedback was received for improvements to the Fellowship. Job satisfaction and motivation improved, with seven CPhOGH Fellows reporting a change in job role and five receiving a promotion.
- Published
- 2021
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7. The Space between Two Closets: Erin Parisi Mountaineering and Changing the Trans* Narrative
- Author
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Kate Russell, Thomas M. Leeder, Lois Ferguson, and Lee C. Beaumont
- Abstract
Erin Parisi is attempting to become the first trans* person to ascent the highest mountain on each of the seven continents, through her project TranSending 7. Erin seeks to create alternative trans* narratives that are based on the possibility of positive futures, as opposed to negative tropes of a limited life from the decision to transition. Multiple semi-structured interviews were conducted with Erin to understand her experiences and how narratives she hopes to present, not only impact upon her own sense of self, health and well-being but also present opportunities for others. Data were analysed via "reflexive" thematic analysis. Analysis highlights for Erin a paradox for many trans* people in moving from one closet to another, where being "invisible" as a trans* person is the ultimate goal. Erin's desire to shape positive trans* narratives acknowledge the gendering practices that take place within the climbing community and a sense of her having to 'earn the right to climb'. Erin's endeavours demonstrate an alternative way individuals can be situated 'in the sunshine' between these two spaces, where personal growth is not only possible but rich, meaningful, and progressive. In drawing upon theoretical concepts informed by possible selves theory, this research seeks to untangle the gendered space of the mountain for shaping positive and transformational trans* narratives for individuals positioned within these gendered boundaries. It also seeks to identify stronger and more positive possible futures for other trans* people and youth.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. A One Health Approach to Strengthening Antimicrobial Stewardship in Wakiso District, Uganda
- Author
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David Musoke, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Lawrence Mugisha, Saba Amir, Claire Brandish, Deborah Ikhile, Henry Kajumbula, Ismail Musoke Kizito, Grace Biyinzika Lubega, Filimin Niyongabo, Bee Yean Ng, Jean O’Driscoll, Kate Russell-Hobbs, Jody Winter, and Linda Gibson
- Subjects
antimicrobial resistance ,antimicrobial stewardship ,community health workers ,health practitioners ,infection prevention and control ,multidisciplinary ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), as one of the global strategies to promote responsible use of antimicrobials to prevent antimicrobial resistance (AMR), remains poor in many low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We implemented a project aimed at strengthening AMS in Wakiso district, Uganda using a One Health approach. A total of 86 health practitioners (HPs), including animal health workers, and 227 community health workers (CHWs) participated in training workshops, and over 300 pupils from primary schools were sensitized on AMR, AMS, and infection prevention and control (IPC). We further established two multidisciplinary online communities of practice (CoPs) for health professionals and students, with a current membership of 321 and 162, respectively. In addition, a Medicine and Therapeutics Committee (MTC) was set up at Entebbe Regional Referral Hospital. The project evaluation, conducted three months after training, revealed that the majority of the HPs (92.2%) and CHWs (90.3%) reported enhanced practices, including improved hand washing (57.3% and 81.0%, respectively). In addition, 51.5% of the HPs reported a reduction in the quantity of unnecessary antibiotics given per patient. This project demonstrates that AMS interventions using a One Health approach can promote understanding of the prudent use of antimicrobials and improve practices at health facilities and in communities.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Australia and Galicia: Defeating the Tyranny of Distance/Australia e Galicia: vencendo a tiranía do afastamento
- Author
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Kate Russell
- Subjects
Book Review ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,History of Oceania (South Seas) ,DU1-950 - Abstract
Australia and Galicia: Defeating the Tyranny of Distance/Australia e Galicia: vencendo a tiranía do afastamento María Jesús Lorenzo Modia & Roy C. Boland Osegueda. Eds. 2008. ISBN: 0-9775868-1-2; DLG: C 4397-2008. In collaboration with the Xunta of Galicia and the University of A Coruña, a Galician/English bilingual edition
- Published
- 2010
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10. HIV infection and testing among Latino men who have sex with men in the United States: the role of location of birth and other social determinants.
- Author
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Alexandra M Oster, Kate Russell, Ryan E Wiegand, Eduardo Valverde, David W Forrest, Melissa Cribbin, Binh C Le, Gabriela Paz-Bailey, and NHBS Study Group
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND: In the United States, Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV. Latino MSM are a diverse group who differ culturally based on their countries or regions of birth and their time in the United States. We assessed differences in HIV prevalence and testing among Latino MSM by location of birth, time since arrival, and other social determinants of health. METHODS: For the 2008 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System, a cross-sectional survey conducted in large US cities, MSM were interviewed and tested for HIV infection. We used generalized estimating equations to test associations between various factors and 1) prevalent HIV infection and 2) being tested for HIV infection in the past 12 months. RESULTS: Among 1734 Latino MSM, HIV prevalence was 19%. In multivariable analysis, increasing age, low income, and gay identity were associated with HIV infection. Moreover, men who were U.S.-born or who arrived ≥5 years ago had significantly higher HIV prevalence than recent immigrants. Among men not reporting a previous positive HIV test, 63% had been tested for HIV infection in the past 12 months; recent testing was most strongly associated with having seen a health care provider and disclosing male-male attraction/sexual behavior to a health care provider. CONCLUSIONS: We identified several social determinants of health associated with HIV infection and testing among Latino MSM. Lower HIV prevalence among recent immigrants contrasts with higher prevalence among established immigrants and suggests a critical window of opportunity for HIV prevention, which should prioritize those with low income, who are at particular risk for HIV infection. Expanding health care utilization and encouraging communication with health care providers about sexual orientation may increase testing.
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- 2013
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11. P16 Centre of excellence on antimicrobial stewardship in Central Uganda
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Musoke, David, primary, Lubega, Grace Biyinzika, additional, Nabbanja, Carol Esther, additional, Nakalawa, Suzan, additional, Niyongabo, Filimin, additional, Winter, Jody, additional, Obeng, Michael Brown, additional, Brandish, Claire, additional, Hobbs, Kate Russell, additional, Musoke, Ismail Kizito, additional, Herbert, Bush, additional, Mugisha, Lawrence, additional, and Gibson, Linda, additional
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- 2024
- Full Text
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12. Vital Signs : Containment of Novel Multidrug-Resistant Organisms and Resistance Mechanisms — United States, 2006–2017
- Author
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Woodworth, Kate Russell, Walters, Maroya Spalding, Weiner, Lindsey M., Edwards, Jonathan, Brown, Allison C., Huang, Jennifer Y., Malik, Sarah, Slayton, Rachel B., Paul, Prabasaj, Capers, Catherine, Kainer, Marion A., Wilde, Nancy, Shugart, Alicia, Mahon, Garrett, Kallen, Alexander J., Patel, Jean, McDonald, L. Clifford, Srinivasan, Arjun, Craig, Michael, and Cardo, Denise M.
- Published
- 2018
13. Public and family support and concerns for providing DNA to law enforcement in long-term missing person cases
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Kate Russell, Sally F. Kelty, and Nathan Scudder
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Pathology and Forensic Medicine - Published
- 2023
14. Leaders Who Lead
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Kate Russell and Kate Russell
- Published
- 2018
15. High-Frequency Electroporation and Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Cutaneous Malignancies: Evaluation of Early Clinical Response
- Author
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Clover, Phoebe Lyons, Dana Polini, Kate Russell-Ryan, and A. James P.
- Subjects
high-frequency electroporation ,cutaneous malignancies ,electroporation ,chemotherapy - Abstract
High-frequency electroporation (HF-EP) with chemotherapy is a novel therapy proposed for both curative and palliative treatment of cutaneous malignancies. The use of high-frequency biphasic pulses is thought to reduce the painful muscle contractions associated with traditional electrochemotherapy (ECT), allowing treatment administration under local anaesthesia. This proof-of-concept study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of HF-EP protocols on a variety of cutaneous malignancies. A total of 97 lesions of five different histological subtypes were treated across 25 patients. At 12 weeks post-treatment, a 91.3% overall lesion response rate was observed (complete response: 79%; partial response: 12.3%), with excellent intraprocedural patient tolerability under local anaesthetic. HF-EP with chemotherapy shows promising results regarding tumour response rates for cutaneous malignancies of varying histological subtypes when compared to traditional ECT protocols. Improved patient tolerability is important, increasing the possibility of treatment delivery under local anaesthesia and potentially broadening the treatment envelope for patients with cutaneous malignancies.
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- 2023
- Full Text
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16. British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) United Kingdom national guideline on the management of Trichomonas vaginalis 2021
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Jackie Sherrard, Rachel Pitt, Kate Russell Hobbs, Michelle Maynard, Eleanor Cochrane, Janet Wilson, and Craig Tipple
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Infectious Diseases ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Dermatology - Abstract
The main objective of this guideline is to assist practitioners in managing individuals diagnosed with Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). It offers recommendations on the diagnostic tests, treatment regimens and health promotion principles needed for the effective management of TV. It covers the management of the initial presentation, as well as how to prevent transmission and future re-infection. It is aimed primarily at people aged 16 years or older presenting to health care professionals, working in departments offering specialist care in sexually transmitted infection (STI) management within the United Kingdom. However, the principles of the recommendations are applicable across all levels of STI care providers (N.B. non-specialist services may need to develop, where appropriate, local care pathways).
- Published
- 2022
17. Supplementary Data from CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Alter Lymphocyte and Dendritic Cell Trafficking in Humans
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Lee M. Nadler, Robert L. Coffman, George Demetri, Patrick Wen, Jeffrey Morgan, Jeffrey Kutok, Xiaochun Li, Donna Neuberg, Paul Sims, Suzanne George, Kate Russell, Steven Rivoli, Jill Angelosanto, John Evans, Thomas Brenn, Linda Drury, Holger Kanzler, Jeffrey Davies, and W. Nicholas Haining
- Abstract
Supplementary Data from CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Alter Lymphocyte and Dendritic Cell Trafficking in Humans
- Published
- 2023
18. Data from CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Alter Lymphocyte and Dendritic Cell Trafficking in Humans
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Lee M. Nadler, Robert L. Coffman, George Demetri, Patrick Wen, Jeffrey Morgan, Jeffrey Kutok, Xiaochun Li, Donna Neuberg, Paul Sims, Suzanne George, Kate Russell, Steven Rivoli, Jill Angelosanto, John Evans, Thomas Brenn, Linda Drury, Holger Kanzler, Jeffrey Davies, and W. Nicholas Haining
- Abstract
Purpose: CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) are being investigated as cancer vaccine adjuvants because they mature plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) into potent antigen-presenting cells. CpG-ODN also induce PDC to secrete chemokines that alter lymphocyte migration. Whether CpG-ODN TLR signals enhance antigen-specific immunity and/or trafficking in humans is unknown.Experimental Design: We conducted a phase I study of CpG-ODN (1018 ISS) given as a vaccine adjuvant with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to induce T-cell immunity to a peptide vaccine from the tumor-associated antigen hTERT.Results: The adjuvant effect was limited; only 1 of 16 patients showed a high-frequency hTERT-specific tetramer CD8+ T-cell response. However, CpG-ODN induced marked, transient peripheral blood lymphopenia. Biopsies showed dense lymphocytic infiltration at the vaccine site clustered around activated PDC. In vitro, CpG-ODN-treated PDC induced T-cell migration, showing that CpG-ODN stimulation of human PDC was sufficient to chemoattract T cells.Conclusions: Our results show that (a) CpG-ODN with GM-CSF may not be an effective adjuvant strategy for hTERT peptide vaccines but (b) GM-CSF/CpG-ODN causes a PDC-mediated chemokine response that recruits T-cell migration to the peripheral tissues. These findings suggest a novel therapeutic role for targeted injections of CpG-ODN to direct lymphocyte migration to specific sites such as the tumor bed.
- Published
- 2023
19. Academic LGBTQ+ Terminology 1900-2021: Increasing Variety, Increasing Inclusivity?
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Mike Thelwall, Tracey Jayne Devonport, Meiko Makita, Kate Russell, and Lois Ferguson
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Gender Studies ,Social Psychology ,General Medicine ,General Psychology ,Education - Abstract
LGBTQ+ labels and terminology in society embed ideological assumptions and affect who gains community support and protection. In academia, terminology is also needed to help define study objects, methods, and goals. Academics therefore need to choose their words to be both precise and appropriate, adjusting to changes in societal language. This article assesses the evolution of LGBTQ+ terminology in the titles and abstracts of academic journal articles since 1900 to identify the main trends. Based on a search of 74 LGBTQ+ terms in Scopus, LGBTQ+ related journal articles have almost continually increased in prevalence since 1900. In parallel, the concept of homosexuality that dominated early research has almost disappeared, being replaced by the word gay or more specific terms, such as lesbian or bisexual. Transexual terminology has also been supplanted by transgender and trans* terminology. At various points in time other LGBTQ+ terms have emerged with activist, health professional and academic origins. These include multiple acronyms, inclusive phrases, and activity-specific phrases (e.g., men who have sex with men) that are not used by the LGBTQ+ community. Currently, no terminologies are dominant, with this plurality probably reflecting differing research needs.
- Published
- 2022
20. 0854 Observation-based Diurnal Sleepiness Inventory (ODSI) is associated with Objective Sleepiness via Psychomotor Vigilance Task
- Author
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Victoria Pak, Kate Russell, Nalaka Gooneratne, John Cox, Stijn Servaes, Taekyu Lee, Hakki Onen, and Fannie Onen
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Physiology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Introduction The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is commonly used to assess excessive daytime sleepiness, but its accuracy is limited. In this study, we aim to compare the ESS with the Observation-based Diurnal Sleepiness Inventory (ODSI), a subjective measure of sleepiness that has been validated using the ESS in older adults, to objective measures of sleepiness obtained through the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). Despite being validated with the ESS, the ODSI has not yet been tested with objective measures of sleepiness. By comparing subjective measures of sleepiness (ODSI and ESS) to objective measures (PVT), we aim to expand the usage of ODSI to other populations. Methods 91 persons with newly diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea and not yet treated on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were administered the ESS, ODSI, and PVT sleepiness tests, and the results were analyzed for correlations using linear regression. The average age was 50.48 ± 12.74, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 35.9 ± 9.3, the mean apnea hypopnea index was 30.9 ± 23.7, and 53.5% were male. The ESS and ODSI scores were run against PVT lapses and transformed average reaction time, which are the two primary outcomes of PVT. Results PVT lapses were significantly different between sleepy and non-sleepy individuals as defined by both ESS and ODSI categorization. Both the ODSI and the ESS were significantly correlated to the transformed average reaction time. The second question on the ODSI was also significantly correlated to PVT lapses as well as the transformed average reaction time. Conclusion The ODSI and ESS correlated well with objective measures of sleepiness through the PVT. The ODSI is a suitable measure of sleepiness appropriate for usage in middle-aged adults with obstructive sleep apnea. Support (if any) R00NR014675-05 (PI: Pak)
- Published
- 2023
21. Educative mentoring in sport coaching: a reciprocal learning process
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Kate Russell, Thomas M. Leeder, and Lee C. Beaumont
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ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Process (engineering) ,business.industry ,Professional development ,Collaborative learning ,Coaching ,Education ,ComputingMilieux_GENERAL ,ComputerApplications_MISCELLANEOUS ,Reflexivity ,Pedagogy ,Reciprocal teaching ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Thematic analysis ,Psychology ,business ,Practical implications - Abstract
Educative mentoring positions mentors and mentees as co-learners within a collaborative relationship, while emphasising reciprocal learning. However, research exploring educative mentoring is limited to teacher-mentors, restricting our understanding of the potential learning opportunities an educative stance provides mentors in other occupational fields. Consequently, the aim of this research was to explore the learning of sport coach mentors, with a specific focus on whether they were able to learn reciprocally from their mentees in a two-way process. As part of a wider project, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 sport coach mentors employed by a sport governing body, with interview transcripts subject to reflexive thematic analysis. Findings indicate that when an educative stance is adopted by a sport coach mentor, they are able to engage with collaborative learning opportunities with their mentees, which results in possibilities for growth and professional development. Practical implications for sport coach mentor training are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
22. The ‘good mother’ discourse in ‘success stories’ of Australian weight loss centres: a critical discourses analysis
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Kate Russell, Brittany Johnson, and Louisa R. Peralta
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Critical discourse analysis ,Health (social science) ,Social Psychology ,Weight loss ,Thursday ,medicine ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Gender studies ,Sociology ,medicine.symptom ,Form of the Good ,Sociocultural evolution ,Dieting - Abstract
The ‘good mother’ discourse is concerned with the sociocultural construction of motherhood and is visible in many social contexts, such as the workplace, sport, family, and in particular, health-related contexts such as weight loss. This paper explores the ‘good mother’ discourse within constructs of weight created in and through engagement in Australian weight loss centres. Of the 108 success stories collected, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) was applied to eighty-six (n = 86) success stories across three Australian weight loss centres (Weight Watchers, Lite n’ Easy, and Michelle Bridges’ 12 Week Body Transformation). These success stories were published on each of their weight loss centres’ websites and were accessed on Thursday 20 August 2015 for the purpose of analysis. Findings show that there was a dynamic and complex relationship between women losing weight and wanting to maintain the ‘good mother’ status. Mothers felt a strong need to justify losing weight, through benefits for their family rather than for themselves, and were ‘allowed’ (and therefore given ‘permission’) to join and participate in the weight loss centres. The process supporting the development of becoming a ‘better’ mother. Insight into these processes helps us to examine the role weight loss centres play in constructing ideals surrounding gender, motherhood, the body, and in particular for the discursive messages that shape understandings of ‘success’ and being a ‘good mother’.
- Published
- 2021
23. British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) United Kingdom national guideline on the management of Trichomonas vaginalis 2021
- Author
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Sherrard, Jackie, primary, Pitt, Rachel, additional, Hobbs, Kate Russell, additional, Maynard, Michelle, additional, Cochrane, Eleanor, additional, Wilson, Janet, additional, and Tipple, Craig, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. It can be a 'very fine line': Professional footballers' perceptions of the conceptual divide between bullying and banter
- Author
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Kate Russell, James Newman, and Victoria Warburton
- Subjects
General Psychology - Abstract
This study explores professional footballers’ perceptions of where banter crosses the conceptual line into bullying. The study’s focus is of importance, given the impact that abusive behaviors have been found to have on the welfare and safeguarding of English professional footballers. A phenomenological approach was adopted, which focused on the essence of the participants’ perceptions and experiences. Guided by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), individual semi-structured interviews (MDuration = 44.10 min, SD = 10.81) were conducted with 18 male professional footballers (Mage = 19.83 years, SD = 2.96) from three Premier League and Championship football clubs. The findings from this study revealed several key superordinate themes in relation to the dividing line between bullying and banter. These themes included “perception,” “intentionality,” “detecting the line,” and “having a bit of banter.” The findings demonstrate how perceptions of bullying and banter are nuanced by individual differences among the players and the culture of the professional football context. Specifically, it was found that the professional football context can legitimize forms of humor blurring the lines between bullying and banter, challenging the typically positive view of the concept of banter in this environment. From an applied perspective, these findings highlight the need for coaches, players, and football clubs more broadly to address cultural expectations around banter in their environment, while educating individuals around their own perceptions of bullying and banter.
- Published
- 2022
25. The space between two closets: Erin Parisi mountaineering and changing the trans* narrative
- Author
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Thomas Leeder, Kate Russell, Lee Beaumont, and Lois Ferguson
- Subjects
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Education - Abstract
Erin Parisi is attempting to become the first trans* person to ascent the highest mountain on each of the seven continents, through her project TranSending 7. Erin seeks to create alternative trans* narratives that are based on the possibility of positive futures, as opposed to negative tropes of a limited life from the decision to transition. Multiple semi-structured interviews were conducted with Erin to understand her experiences and how narratives she hopes to present, not only impact upon her own sense of self, health and well-being but also present opportunities for others. Data were analysed via reflexive thematic analysis. Analysis highlights for Erin a paradox for many trans* people in moving from one closet to another, where being invisible as a trans* person is the ultimate goal. Erin’s desire to shape positive trans* narratives acknowledge the gendering practices that take place within the climbing community and a sense of her having to ‘earn the right to climb’. Erin’s endeavours demonstrate an alternative way individuals can be situated ‘in the sunshine’ between these two spaces, where personal growth is not only possible but rich, meaningful, and progressive. In drawing upon theoretical concepts informed by possible selves theory, this research seeks to untangle the gendered space of the mountain for shaping positive and transformational trans* narratives for individuals positioned within these gendered boundaries. It also seeks to identify stronger and more positive possible futures for other trans* people and youth.
- Published
- 2022
26. Gender Performance in the Sporting Lives of Young Trans* People
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Lois Ferguson and Kate Russell
- Subjects
Gender performativity ,Social Psychology ,Physical activity ,General Medicine ,Trans people ,Education ,Physical education ,Gender Studies ,Gender binary ,Order (business) ,Natural (music) ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,General Psychology - Abstract
This paper explored how UK trans* youth experienced Physical Education (PE) during secondary school, and its impact on remaining physically active. Seven self-identified trans* people aged 14–25 took part in semi-structured interviews. Findings show participants’ performances of gender were restricted by practices privileging the “natural” gender binary. Following school, medical procedures or other physical changes were desired in order to “pass” as their chosen gender before physical activity could occur. Recommendations are presented for improvements to PE policy for trans* youth.
- Published
- 2021
27. Assessing the Impact of a Global Health Fellowship on Pharmacists’ Leadership Skills and Consideration of Benefits to the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom
- Author
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Omotayo Olaoye, Frances Garraghan, Diane Ashiru-Oredope, Bee Yean Ng, Kate Russell-Hobbs, and Claire Brandish
- Subjects
pharmacy ,leadership ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Leadership and Management ,education ,Pharmacist ,global health ,Health Informatics ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Health Information Management ,antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ,Health care ,Global health ,medicine ,Antimicrobial stewardship ,030212 general & internal medicine ,National Health Service (NHS) ,health care economics and organizations ,Medical education ,Leadership development ,business.industry ,health partnerships ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,Public health ,fellowship ,International health ,Chief Pharmaceutical Officer’s Global Health Fellowship ,CPhOGH Fellows ,CwPAMS ,Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) ,Medicine ,Job satisfaction ,sense organs ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Psychology - Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global, public health concern that affects humans, animals and the environment. The UK Fleming Fund’s Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) scheme aimed to support antimicrobial stewardship initiatives to tackle AMR through a health partnership model that utilises volunteers. There is evidence to indicate that NHS staff participating in international health projects develop leadership skills. Running in parallel with the CwPAMS scheme was the first Chief Pharmaceutical Officer’s Global Health (CPhOGH) Fellowship for pharmacists in the UK. In this manuscript, we evaluate the impact, if any, of participation in the CwPAMS scheme and the CPhOGH Fellowship, particularly in relation to leadership skills, and consider if there are demonstrable benefits for the NHS. The 16 CPhOGH Fellows were invited to complete anonymised baseline and post-Fellowship self-assessment. This considered the impact of the Fellowship on personal, professional and leadership development. Senior colleagues were invited to provide insights into how the Fellows had performed over the course of the Fellowship. All Fellows responded to both the pre- and post-Fellowship questionnaires with a return of 100% (16/16) response rate. There was a significant improvement in Fellows’ perception of their confidence, teaching abilities, understanding of behaviour change, management and communication skills. However, there was no change in the Fellows’ attitude to work. Feedback was received from 26 senior colleagues for 14 of the CPhOGH Fellows. Overall, senior colleagues considered CPhOGH Fellows to progress from proficient/established competencies to strong/excellent when using the national pharmacy Peer Assessment Tool and NHS Healthcare Leadership Model. The majority (88%) of senior colleagues would recommend the Fellowship to other pharmacists. The analysis of the data provided suggests that this CPhOGH Fellowship led to the upskilling of more confident, motivated pharmacist leaders with a passion for global health. This supports the NHS’s long-term plan “to strengthen and support good compassionate and diverse leadership at all levels”. Constructive feedback was received for improvements to the Fellowship. Job satisfaction and motivation improved, with seven CPhOGH Fellows reporting a change in job role and five receiving a promotion.
- Published
- 2021
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28. Conceptualizing bullying in adult professional football: A phenomenological exploration
- Author
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James A. Newman, Victoria E. Warburton, and Kate Russell
- Subjects
Power (social and political) ,Harm ,Interpretative phenomenological analysis ,Masculinity ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Authoritarianism ,Identity (social science) ,Context (language use) ,Football ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth insight into male professional footballers' perception of the concept of bullying and to explore the essences of this behavior within this context. Design and Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 adult male professional football players in the UK. Data were analyzed in accordance with the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results Participants highlighted that key themes within Olewus' (1993) seminal definition of bullying are relevant to professional football such as repetition, power, abuse and harm doing. Notably, there were variations in footballers' views of the constituents of these themes which were explained by divergent perceptions of how the football context shaped these components of bullying. It was evident however, that certain common elements of the football environment, such as its inherent masculinity, identity conforming nature and authoritarianism helped to contextualize the players' conceptualizations of bullying. Conclusions While some of the identified themes mirrored classic definitions of bullying, this concept was articulated in an individually nuanced, context dependent fashion. These findings advance bullying literature by demonstrating how professional football shapes perceptions of this concept, while highlighting the importance of contextually tailored intervention program to address bullying.
- Published
- 2021
29. Sweet taste perception is greater in non-Hispanic black than in non-Hispanic white adults
- Author
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Amber B. Courville, Kate Russell, Kirsten Zambell, Ranganath Muniyappa, Monica C. Skarulis, Haley Schlechter, Shanna Bernstein, Nicole Farnsworth, and Suzanne Bowser
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,genetic structures ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Black People ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Sugar consumption ,Added sugar ,Article ,White People ,Sweet taste perception ,Eating ,Food Preferences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,stomatognathic system ,medicine ,Humans ,Food science ,Sugar ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Dietary intake ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Taste Perception ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Sweetening Agents ,Female ,business ,Body mass index ,Research software - Abstract
Objective Research suggests a difference in sweet taste perception between non-Hispanic black (NHB) and non-Hispanic white (NHW) adults; however, limited research has examined sweet taste perception in relation to the dietary intake of sweet products. The aim of this study was to examine sweet taste perception and the consumption of sweet foods, beverages, and sugar in NHB and NHW adults, and to evaluate whether sweet taste perception is associated with dietary intake. Methods This cross-sectional study examined the association between race, sweet taste perception and sweet food, beverages, and sugar consumption in healthy, NHB and NHW adults. Seven day food records were analyzed in Nutrition Data System for Research software. Intensity of sweet taste perception was tested and the general labeled magnitude scale method was used to facilitate group comparisons. Independent t tests, Mann–Whitney tests, and Pearson correlations were used to assess associations. Results Participants were NHB (n = 98) and NHW (n = 90) adults, 41 ± 1 y of age (mean ± SEM) with energy intake of 2271 ± 53 kcal. Body mass index was higher in NHBs than in NHWs (36 ± 1 versus 32 ± 1 kg/m2, P = 0.048), but no differences were observed in age, energy consumption, or total sugar intake. Sweet taste perception rating (median [interquartile range] NHB: 73.5 [63.9–83], NHW: 52.1 [46.4–57.7]; P = 0.001) and added sugar intake (NHB: 39.4 g/1000 kcal [36.3–42.4], NHW: 30 g/1000 kcal [26.7–33.4]; P Conclusions NHBs have a higher intensity of sweet taste perception than NHWs. The positive association of sweet taste perception and sweet product consumption in NHBs suggests that a higher intensity of sweet taste perception may be associated with an increased proportion of energy consumption from added sugars.
- Published
- 2019
30. Whistleblowing of bullying in professional football: To report or not to report?
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Kate Russell, James Newman, and Victoria Warburton
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education ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Only recently has research begun to focus on workplace bullying within organizations outside of traditional white-collar industries, such as professional football. While this is an important development, there remains a lack of understanding around the reporting of bullying in professional sport. In this paper, the authors explore how the professional football workplace shapes perceptions of whistleblowing and unearths individual perceptions around reporting bullying behavior. We used a phenomenological approach to gain rich experiential data from eighteen male professional football players in the UK. Interview data were analyzed in accordance with the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Two superordinate themes were identified from the analysis, (a) professional football’s influence on whistleblowing, and (b) the challenges of reporting bullying. These themes highlighted that the unique, institutionalized nature of professional football interacts with participants’ ability to report bullying behavior. The participants’ accounts revealed divergent perceptions around how professional football shapes the degree to which players feel they can report bullying behavior. It was apparent that the authoritarian, often abusive and intimidatory nature of professional football significantly impacts whistleblowing. Our findings demonstrate the importance of workplace context when exploring the reporting of bullying behavior. They also demonstrate the need to address organizational culture and differentiate bullying education programs to alternative workplaces.
- Published
- 2022
31. Detection of Avian Influenza A(H7N2) Virus Infection Among Animal Shelter Workers Using a Novel Serological Approach—New York City, 2016–2017
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Sally Slavinski, Fiona Havers, Alicia M. Fry, Vanessa Boshuizen, Rebekah J Stewart, L Hannah Gould, Kate Russell, Jennifer L. Rakeman, Aldo Crossa, Zhu-Nan Li, Sophia Chiu, Liaini Gross, Eugenie Poirot, Feng Liu, Min Z. Levine, Justine Pompey, Christopher T Lee, and Scott A. Harper
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Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Cross Reactions ,Antibodies, Viral ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus ,Disease Outbreaks ,Serology ,Birds ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Orthomyxoviridae Infections ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Zoonoses ,Influenza, Human ,Sore throat ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Seroprevalence ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,Outbreak ,Middle Aged ,Influenza A Virus, H7N2 Subtype ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Titer ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Influenza in Birds ,Cats ,Female ,New York City ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background In 2016, an influenza A(H7N2) virus outbreak occurred in cats in New York City's municipal animal shelters. One human infection was initially detected. Methods We conducted a serological survey using a novel approach to rule out cross-reactive antibodies to other seasonal influenza viruses to determine whether additional A(H7N2) human infections had occurred and to assess exposure risk. Results Of 121 shelter workers, one had serological evidence of A(H7N2) infection, corresponding to a seroprevalence of 0.8% (95% confidence interval, .02%-4.5%). Five persons exhibited low positive titers to A(H7N2) virus, indicating possible infection; however, we could not exclude cross-reactive antibody responses to seasonal influenza viruses. The remaining 115 persons were seronegative. The seropositive person reported multiple direct cat exposures without using personal protective equipment and mild illness with subjective fever, runny nose, and sore throat. Conclusions We identified a second case of A(H7N2) infection from this outbreak, providing further evidence of cat-to-human transmission of A(H7N2) virus.
- Published
- 2018
32. Spinal cord ischaemia following the gluteal injection of Benzathine benzylpenicillin
- Author
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Suha A. N. Osman, Shyam S. Swarna, Kate Russell-Hobbs, Sankar Hariharan, and Ayah M. Babiker
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Neurology ,Infarction ,Spinal Cord Ischemia ,Penicillin G Benzathine ,Humans ,Case Report ,Dermatology ,Injections, Intramuscular ,Spinal Cord Injuries - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord injury is a devastating complication, though rare but possible following the intramuscular injection of the Penicillin. The spinal cord injury can be permanent, leaving the patient with paralysis, bowel and bladder incontinence, and with other associated morbidities. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 25-year-old gentleman who developed anterior spinal cord syndrome following the benzathine benzylpenicillin injection. In this case report, we discuss the clinical details, possible hypothesis behind spinal cord ischaemia and literature review. DISCUSSION: Spinal cord ischaemia or infarction occurs due to embolism of the Penicillin products. The products following injection are carried as emboli retrogradely through the superior gluteal artery and can cause infarction to the cord’s anterior part.
- Published
- 2021
33. Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study
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Bee Yean Ng, Kate Russell-Hobbs, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Saba Amir, Grace Biyinzika Lubega, Carol Namata, Jean O'Driscoll, Joviah Gonza, Claire Brandish, Filimin Niyongabo, Linda Gibson, Jody Winter, Lawrence Mugisha, David Musoke, and Deborah Ikhile
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Pharmacy ,Community ,RM1-950 ,Antimicrobial stewardship ,Antimicrobial resistance ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,Antibiotic resistance ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Humans ,Animals ,Uganda ,One Health ,education ,Waste management ,education.field_of_study ,Antimicrobials ,business.industry ,Research ,Health Policy ,Public health ,Focus group ,RS1-441 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Thematic analysis ,business - Abstract
Background Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In addition, human behaviours such as poor disposal of antimicrobials in the environment can increase their exposure to microbes which can impact on humans and animals. However, evidence on access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for humans and animals at community level in Uganda is limited. This study therefore explored access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda. Methods A qualitative study was conducted that involved focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Participants of the FGDs were community health workers (CHWs) and farmers involved in animal husbandry, while key informants included: officials from the Ministry of Health; Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries; human and animal health professionals; district health officials; and members of the national AMR surveillance committee. Twelve FGDs were held (8 for CHWs and 4 for farmers) while 15 KIIs were conducted. Thematic analysis in NVivo (version 12) was performed. Results Five main themes emerged from the study: access to antimicrobials in humans; access to antimicrobials in animals; use of antimicrobials in humans; use of antimicrobials in animals; and disposal of antimicrobials. Community members mainly accessed antimicrobials for humans from public health facilities such as government health centres, as well as private facilities, including drug shops and clinics. Antimicrobials for animals were obtained from veterinary practitioners and drug shops (both for humans and veterinary). Examples of inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals was evident, such as sharing antibiotics among household members, and giving human-prescribed antimicrobials to food-producing animals as growth promoters. While some CHWs returned unused antimicrobials to public health facilities for proper disposal, community members mainly disposed of antimicrobials with general household waste including dumping in rubbish pits. Conclusions There is a need to increase awareness among the population on proper access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for both humans and animals. Development of a drug disposal system at community level would facilitate improved waste management of antimicrobials. Together, these measures would help prevent the rate of progression of AMR in communities.
- Published
- 2021
34. 'I don’t think my sexuality would come into teaching at all': Exploring the borderland discourse of Australian LGBTQ+ pre-service teachers
- Author
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Kate Russell
- Subjects
Sexual identity ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Context (language use) ,Human sexuality ,Education ,Gender Studies ,Pre service ,Work (electrical) ,050903 gender studies ,Pedagogy ,Sociology ,0509 other social sciences ,0503 education - Abstract
Experiences of non-heterosexual teachers are relatively understood, but little work focuses explicitly on LGBTQ+, pre-service teachers and none in the Australian context. Alsup’s ([2006]. Teacher identity discourses: Negotiating personal and professional spaces. New York: Routledge.) borderland discourse is used to explore the role of gender and/or sexual identity in developing teacher identities of 12 Australian LGBTQ+ pre-service teachers. Findings show identity management and negotiation practices relating to decisions to hide or disclose identities in school contexts. Creating opportunities for borderland discourses, where tensions between the personal and professional can be deliberately brought to the fore, is presented as key to support the development of all new teachers.
- Published
- 2021
35. A one health approach to strengthening antimicrobial stewardship in Wakiso District, Uganda
- Author
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Claire Brandish, David Musoke, Saba Amir, Grace Biyinzika Lubega, Linda Gibson, Jean O'Driscoll, Ismail Musoke Kizito, Jody Winter, Bee Yean Ng, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Deborah Ikhile, Filimin Niyongabo, Henry Kajumbula, Kate Russell-Hobbs, and Lawrence Mugisha
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Program evaluation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hand washing ,Referral ,030106 microbiology ,Psychological intervention ,Biochemistry ,Microbiology ,Article ,one health ,03 medical and health sciences ,community health workers ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antibiotic resistance ,medicine ,Antimicrobial stewardship ,Infection control ,Uganda ,Pharmacology (medical) ,UK ,antimicrobial resistance ,infection prevention and control ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,business.industry ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,antimicrobial stewardship ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Infectious Diseases ,One Health ,Family medicine ,business ,health practitioners ,multidisciplinary - Abstract
Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), as one of the global strategies to promote responsible use of antimicrobials to prevent antimicrobial resistance (AMR), remains poor in many low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We implemented a project aimed at strengthening AMS in Wakiso district, Uganda using a One Health approach. A total of 86 health practitioners (HPs), including animal health workers, and 227 community health workers (CHWs) participated in training workshops, and over 300 pupils from primary schools were sensitized on AMR, AMS, and infection prevention and control (IPC). We further established two multidisciplinary online communities of practice (CoPs) for health professionals and students, with a current membership of 321 and 162, respectively. In addition, a Medicine and Therapeutics Committee (MTC) was set up at Entebbe Regional Referral Hospital. The project evaluation, conducted three months after training, revealed that the majority of the HPs (92.2%) and CHWs (90.3%) reported enhanced practices, including improved hand washing (57.3% and 81.0%, respectively). In addition, 51.5% of the HPs reported a reduction in the quantity of unnecessary antibiotics given per patient. This project demonstrates that AMS interventions using a One Health approach can promote understanding of the prudent use of antimicrobials and improve practices at health facilities and in communities.
- Published
- 2020
36. Evaluating interest in an influenza A(H5N1) vaccine among laboratory workers who work with highly-pathogenic avian influenza viruses in the United States
- Author
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Kate Russell, Jacqueline M. Katz, Joseph S. Bresee, and S. J. Olsen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,Select agent ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Environmental health ,Biosafety level ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Influenza A virus ,Animals ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Response rate (survey) ,education.field_of_study ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Middle Aged ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,Research Personnel ,United States ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Occupational Diseases ,Vaccination ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunization ,Influenza Vaccines ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Laboratories ,business - Abstract
Background Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) viruses found in poultry and wild birds occasionally infect humans and can cause serious disease. In 2014, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) reviewed data from one licensed ASO3-adjuvanted influenza A(H5N1) vaccine for consideration of use during inter-pandemic periods among persons with occupational exposure. To guide vaccine policy decisions, we conducted a survey of laboratory workers to assess demand for HPAI vaccination. Methods We designed an anonymous web survey (EpiInfo 7.0) to collect information on demographics, type of work and time spent with HPAI viruses, and interest in HPAI vaccination. Eligible participants were identified from 42 entities registered with United States Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Select Agent program in 2016 and emailed electronic surveys. Personnel with Biosafety Level 3 enhanced (BSL-3E) laboratory access were surveyed. Descriptive analysis was performed. Results Overall, 131 responses were received from 33 principal investigators, 26 research scientists, 24 technicians, 15 postdoctoral fellows, 6 students, and 27 others. The estimated response rate was 15% among the laboratory personnel of responding principal investigators. One hundred respondents reported working in a BSL-3E area where HPAI experiments occurred with a mean time of 5.1–11.7 h per week. Overall, 49% were interested in receiving an A(H5N1) vaccine. By role, interest was highest among students (80%) and among those who spent >50% of their time in a BSL-3E area (64%). Most (61%) of those who said they might be or were not interested in vaccine believed it would not provide additional protection to current safety practices. Conclusions Half of responding laboratory workers was interested in receiving an influenza A(H5N1) vaccine. HPAI vaccination of laboratory workers at risk of occupational exposure could be used along with existing safety practices to protect this population.
- Published
- 2018
37. US Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry and Adaptation to Address Novel Emerging Threats
- Author
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Woodworth, Kate Russell, primary, Honein, Margaret, additional, Tong, Van, additional, Godfred-Cato, Shana E., additional, Gilboa, Suzanne, additional, and Meaney-Delman, Dana, additional
- Published
- 2020
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38. US Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry and Adaptation to Address Novel Emerging Threats
- Author
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Kate Russell Woodworth, Margaret Honein, Van Tong, Shana E. Godfred-Cato, Suzanne Gilboa, and Dana Meaney-Delman
- Subjects
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2020
39. 'Learning the hard way': Understanding the workplace learning of sports coach mentors
- Author
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Lee C. Beaumont, Kate Russell, and Thomas M. Leeder
- Subjects
Medical education ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,030229 sport sciences ,Focus group ,Workplace learning ,ComputingMilieux_GENERAL ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Transformative learning ,Learning opportunities ,Embodied cognition ,ComputerApplications_MISCELLANEOUS ,Habitus ,Sports coach ,Psychology ,0503 education - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand the workplace learning of sports coach mentors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 coach mentors employed by a sport governing body (SGB) as part of a formalised mentoring programme. ‘Current’ coach mentors (n = 9) had been employed for a minimum of one year by the organisation and were all interviewed once. ‘New’ coach mentors (n = 9) were all interviewed twice, once at the start of their employment and once again 9 months later. Moreover, regional mentors (n = 8) who oversee the training and practice of the coach mentors participated in one focus group. Data were analysed thematically, with the sociology of Pierre Bourdieu and relevant workplace learning literature used to support the analytical process. The findings highlight how habitus structures coach mentors’ participation in learning opportunities afforded to them in the workplace. In addition, habitus and embodied capital will impact how coach mentors interact with and interpret mentor training, whilst influencing their level of engagement with other employees. It is argued SGB social fields are crucial in the production of promoted norms and ‘legitimate’ knowledge within workplaces, which subsequently influences mentor learning. Recommendations are made for critically transformative approaches to training coach mentors.
- Published
- 2019
40. Gendered performances and identity construction among UK female soccer players and netballers: a comparative study
- Author
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Kate Russell, Kath Leflay, Jennifer Conway, and Tracey J. Devonport
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,biology ,Athletes ,Gender relations ,05 social sciences ,Identity (social science) ,Gender studies ,030229 sport sciences ,Sociology of sport ,biology.organism_classification ,Self perception ,Focus group ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0502 economics and business ,Psychology ,human activities ,050212 sport, leisure & tourism - Abstract
This paper examines the gendered performances and identity construction of UK female University soccer players and netballers (n = 31). Focus group interviews explored their sporting experiences with reference to body perceptions, and perceptions of their sporting bodies outside sporting contexts. Three themes resulted from data analysis, these being; (1) UK culture, body performances and femininity, (2) sporting culture, body performances and femininity and (3) transiency of body satisfaction across sport and non-sport contexts. Findings suggest that sport may not always provide an opportunity to challenge and resist dominant discourses. In both netball and soccer, a range of surveillance and management practices were used that served to perpetuate the value of a ‘feminine’ and assumed heterosexual body, and legitimize their sport participation through an emphasis on a hyper-femininity. The influence of sport subcultures on gendered performances and identity construction, along with implications for marketing sports participation to women are discussed.
- Published
- 2019
41. Characteristics of Children Aged <18 Years with Zika Virus Disease Acquired Postnatally — U.S. States, January 2015–July 2016
- Author
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Alyson B. Goodman, Eric J. Dziuban, Krista Powell, Rebecca H. Bitsko, Gayle Langley, Nicole Lindsey, Jessica L. Franks, Kate Russell, Sharoda Dasgupta, Wanda D. Barfield, Erika Odom, Emily Kahn, Stacey Martin, Marc Fischer, and J. Erin Staples
- Subjects
Male ,Gerontology ,Zika virus disease ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Microcephaly ,Time Factors ,Health (social science) ,Adolescent ,Fever ,Epidemiology ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Asymptomatic ,Zika virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Health Information Management ,Pregnancy ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Risk factor ,Child ,Travel ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,business.industry ,Infant ,Zika Virus ,General Medicine ,Exanthema ,Conjunctivitis ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Arthralgia ,Rash ,United States ,Flavivirus ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Zika virus is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that typically causes an asymptomatic infection or mild illness, although infection during pregnancy is a cause of microcephaly and other serious brain abnormalities. Guillain-Barre syndrome and other neurologic complications can occur in adults after Zika virus infection. However, there are few published reports describing postnatally acquired Zika virus disease among children. During January 2015-July 2016, a total of 158 cases of confirmed or probable postnatally acquired Zika virus disease among children aged
- Published
- 2016
42. Update: Interim Guidance for the Evaluation and Management of Infants with Possible Congenital Zika Virus Infection — United States, August 2016
- Author
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Kate, Russell, Sara E, Oliver, Lillianne, Lewis, Wanda D, Barfield, Janet, Cragan, Dana, Meaney-Delman, J Erin, Staples, Marc, Fischer, Georgina, Peacock, Titilope, Oduyebo, Emily E, Petersen, Sherif, Zaki, Cynthia A, Moore, Sonja A, Rasmussen, and Fernando, Ysern
- Subjects
Gerontology ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Microcephaly ,Health (social science) ,Epidemiology ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Vital signs ,Physical examination ,Zika virus ,Serology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Health Information Management ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pregnancy ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,Infant Care ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,business - Abstract
CDC has updated its interim guidance for U.S. health care providers caring for infants born to mothers with possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy (1). Laboratory testing is recommended for 1) infants born to mothers with laboratory evidence of Zika virus infection during pregnancy and 2) infants who have abnormal clinical or neuroimaging findings suggestive of congenital Zika syndrome and a maternal epidemiologic link suggesting possible transmission, regardless of maternal Zika virus test results. Congenital Zika syndrome is a recently recognized pattern of congenital anomalies associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy that includes microcephaly, intracranial calcifications or other brain anomalies, or eye anomalies, among others (2). Recommended infant laboratory evaluation includes both molecular (real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction [rRT-PCR]) and serologic (immunoglobulin M [IgM]) testing. Initial samples should be collected directly from the infant in the first 2 days of life, if possible; testing of cord blood is not recommended. A positive infant serum or urine rRT-PCR test result confirms congenital Zika virus infection. Positive Zika virus IgM testing, with a negative rRT-PCR result, indicates probable congenital Zika virus infection. In addition to infant Zika virus testing, initial evaluation of all infants born to mothers with laboratory evidence of Zika virus infection during pregnancy should include a comprehensive physical examination, including a neurologic examination, postnatal head ultrasound, and standard newborn hearing screen. Infants with laboratory evidence of congenital Zika virus infection should have a comprehensive ophthalmologic exam and hearing assessment by auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing before 1 month of age. Recommendations for follow-up of infants with laboratory evidence of congenital Zika virus infection depend on whether abnormalities consistent with congenital Zika syndrome are present. Infants with abnormalities consistent with congenital Zika syndrome should have a coordinated evaluation by multiple specialists within the first month of life; additional evaluations will be needed within the first year of life, including assessments of vision, hearing, feeding, growth, and neurodevelopmental and endocrine function. Families and caregivers will also need ongoing psychosocial support and assistance with coordination of care. Infants with laboratory evidence of congenital Zika virus infection without apparent abnormalities should have ongoing developmental monitoring and screening by the primary care provider; repeat hearing testing is recommended. This guidance will be updated when additional information becomes available.
- Published
- 2016
43. I am not a Girl Gamer
- Author
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Kate Russell
- Subjects
Psychoanalysis ,Hardware and Architecture ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Girl ,Art ,Software ,Computer Science Applications ,Theoretical Computer Science ,media_common - Published
- 2016
44. Update: Interim Guidance for Health Care Providers Caring for Women of Reproductive Age with Possible Zika Virus Exposure — United States, 2016
- Author
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Dmitry M. Kissin, Amanda C. Cohn, Titilope Oduyebo, Denise J. Jamieson, Mateusz P. Karwowski, Jorge L. Muñoz-Jordán, Julie Villanueva, Sascha R. Ellington, Kara N. D. Polen, Christine K. Olson, Margaret A. Honein, Matthew J. Kuehnert, Jennifer F. Kawwass, Jeanne Bertolli, Ann M. Powers, Emily E. Petersen, Dana Meaney-Delman, Alexandra M. Oster, Kate Russell, Maria Rivera, Sonja A. Rasmussen, and John T. Brooks
- Subjects
Male ,Gerontology ,Zika virus disease ,Health (social science) ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Disease Outbreaks ,law.invention ,Zika virus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Health Information Management ,Pregnancy ,Residence Characteristics ,law ,Health care ,Mass Screening ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Travel ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,Transmission (medicine) ,General Medicine ,Audience measurement ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Female ,Preconception Care ,Infertility, Female ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Health Personnel ,030231 tropical medicine ,Vital signs ,Directive Counseling ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Condom ,medicine ,Humans ,Diagnostic Tests, Routine ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,United States ,Family medicine ,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S ,business - Abstract
CDC has updated its interim guidance for U.S. health care providers caring for women of reproductive age with possible Zika virus exposure to include recommendations on counseling women and men with possible Zika virus exposure who are interested in conceiving. This guidance is based on limited available data on persistence of Zika virus RNA in blood and semen. Women who have Zika virus disease should wait at least 8 weeks after symptom onset to attempt conception, and men with Zika virus disease should wait at least 6 months after symptom onset to attempt conception. Women and men with possible exposure to Zika virus but without clinical illness consistent with Zika virus disease should wait at least 8 weeks after exposure to attempt conception. Possible exposure to Zika virus is defined as travel to or residence in an area of active Zika virus transmission ( http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/active-countries.html), or sex (vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse, or fellatio) without a condom with a man who traveled to or resided in an area of active transmission. Women and men who reside in areas of active Zika virus transmission should talk with their health care provider about attempting conception. This guidance also provides updated recommendations on testing of pregnant women with possible Zika virus exposure. These recommendations will be updated when additional data become available.
- Published
- 2016
45. Evaluation of a Screening Method for the Detection of Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Stool
- Author
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Turbett, Sarah E, primary, Desrosiers, Lisa, additional, Andrews-Dunleavey, Catherine, additional, Becker, Margaret, additional, Walker, Allison Taylor, additional, Esposito, Douglas, additional, Woodworth, Kate Russell, additional, Branda, John A, additional, Rosenberg, Eric, additional, Ryan, Edward T, additional, and LaRocque, Regina, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in older adults compared with younger adults over five seasons
- Author
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Brendan Flannery, Huong Q. McLean, Michael L. Jackson, Richard K. Zimmerman, Kate Russell, Emily T. Martin, Jessie R. Chung, Edward A. Belongia, Kempapura Murthy, Manjusha Gaglani, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Arnold S. Monto, and Lisa A. Jackson
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Influenza vaccine ,030106 microbiology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,Internal medicine ,Statistical significance ,Influenza, Human ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,medicine ,Influenza A virus ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,Public Health Surveillance ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ,Vaccination ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Age Factors ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,Confidence interval ,United States ,Infectious Diseases ,Younger adults ,Influenza Vaccines ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Seasons ,business - Abstract
Background There have been inconsistent reports of decreased vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza viruses among older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) compared with younger adults in the United States. A direct comparison of VE over multiple seasons is needed to assess the consistency of these observations. Methods We performed a pooled analysis of VE over 5 seasons among adults aged ≥ 18 years who were systematically enrolled in the U.S. Flu VE Network. Outpatients with medically-attended acute respiratory illness (cough with illness onset ≤ 7 days prior to enrollment) were tested for influenza by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We compared differences in VE and vaccine failures among older adult age group (65–74, ≥75, and ≥ 65 years) to adults aged 18–49 years by influenza type and subtype using interaction terms to test for statistical significance and stratified by prior season vaccination status. Results Analysis included 20,022 adults aged ≥ 18 years enrolled during the 2011–12 through 2015–16 influenza seasons; 4,785 (24%) tested positive for influenza. VE among patients aged ≥ 65 years was not significantly lower than VE among patients aged 18–49 years against any subtype with no significant interaction of age and vaccination. VE against A(H3N2) viruses was 14% (95% confidence interval [CI] −14% to 36%) for adults ≥ 65 years and 21% (CI 9–32%) for adults 18–49 years. VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 49% (95% CI 22–66%) for adults ≥ 65 years and 48% (95% CI 41–54%) for adults 18–49 years and against B viruses was 62% (95% CI 44–74%) for adults ≥ 65 years and 55% (95% CI 45–63%) for adults 18–49 years. There was no significant interaction of age and vaccination for separate strata of prior vaccination status. Conclusions Over 5 seasons, influenza vaccination provided similar levels of protection among older and younger adults, with lower levels of protection against influenza A(H3N2) in all ages.
- Published
- 2017
47. Comparison of outpatient medically attended and community-level influenza-like illness-New York City, 2013-2015
- Author
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Philip LaRussa, Ashley Fowlkes, Melissa S. Stockwell, Celibell Y. Vargas, Michael Popowich, Andrea Steffens, Elaine Larson, Lisa Saiman, Kate Russell, Kirsten St. George, Steve Di Lonardo, and Carrie Reed
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Epidemiology ,Ambulatory Care Facilities ,community surveillance ,0302 clinical medicine ,Outpatients ,Sore throat ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Community Health Services ,Child ,influenza‐like illness ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,virus diseases ,Pharyngitis ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Cohort ,Epidemiological Monitoring ,Female ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,influenza ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Fever ,030106 microbiology ,Primary care ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,respiratory viruses ,Influenza, Human ,Text messaging ,Humans ,Retrospective Studies ,Influenza-like illness ,Community level ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infant ,Original Articles ,respiratory tract diseases ,Family medicine ,Etiology ,New York City ,business - Abstract
Background Surveillance of influenza-like illness (ILI) in the United States is primarily conducted through medical settings despite a significant burden of non-medically attended ILI. Objectives To assess consistency between surveillance for respiratory viruses in outpatient and community settings using ILI surveillance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project (IISP) and the Mobile Surveillance for Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Influenza-Like Illness in the Community (MoSAIC) Study. Methods The Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project conducts ILI surveillance in 3 primary care clinics in New York City, and MoSAIC conducts community-based ILI/ARI surveillance through text messaging among a cohort of New York City residents. Both systems obtain respiratory specimens from participants with ILI/ARI and test for multiple pathogens. We conducted a retrospective review of ILI cases in IISP and MoSAIC from January 2013 to May 2015 with descriptive analyses of clinical and laboratory data. Results Five-hundred twelve MoSAIC and 669 IISP participants met an ILI criteria (fever with cough or sore throat) and were included. Forty percent of MoSAIC participants sought care; the majority primary care. Pathogens were detected in 63% of MoSAIC and 70% of IISP cases. The relative distribution of influenza and other respiratory viruses detected was similar; however, there were statistically significant differences in the frequency that were not explained by care seeking. Conclusions Outpatient and community-based surveillance in the one found similar timing and relative distribution of respiratory viruses, but community surveillance in a single neighborhood may not fully capture the variations in ILI etiology that occur more broadly.
- Published
- 2017
48. What are your rights in a redundancy situation?
- Author
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Kate Russell
- Subjects
Nursing ,business.industry ,Dental nurse ,Professional development ,Redundancy (engineering) ,Medicine ,ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING ,Nurse education ,business - Abstract
The law on redundancy is principally contained in the Employment Rights Act 1996. This article explains what rights you have if you are facing redundancy
- Published
- 2015
49. Flexible working: what are your rights?
- Author
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Kate Russell
- Subjects
Work (electrical) ,Nursing ,business.industry ,Order (business) ,Dental nurse ,Professional development ,Medicine ,Nurse education ,business - Abstract
The right to request flexible working was introduced into UK law in April 2003 in order to assist the parents of young children by giving them the right to request to work flexibly. The right was extended to all eligible staff in June 2014. This article explains what the new rights entail
- Published
- 2015
50. Weight Based Stereotyping Amongst Pre-Service Health and Physical Educators
- Author
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Kate Russell, Thea Werkhoven, and Wayne Cotton
- Subjects
Attractiveness ,Laziness ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Overweight ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Friendship ,Pre service ,medicine ,Happiness ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Weight based dosing ,media_common ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the fat stereotyping attitudes of pre-service health and physical educators towards overweight and obese children and to determine if these attitudes were influenced by gender or degree progression. Pre-service health and physical educators (n=38) completed the Fat Stereotypes Questionnaire and endorsed fat stereotyping attitudes on characteristics and attributes including laziness, attractiveness and friendship. Males and females exhibited differing attitudes during their second and third year of study with males associating happiness with thinness whereas females associated it with fatness. Attitudes towards obesity worsened longitudinally with degree progression. Thus, when fat stereotyping attitudes are held by pre-service health and physical educators they are influenced by progression of degree and gender. Further research is required to determine the effect that these attitudes have on the quality of teaching and learning provided to their students once they graduate.
- Published
- 2015
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