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86,569 results on '"Kataoka A"'

1. Constant Rate Schedule: Constant-Rate Distributional Change for Efficient Training and Sampling in Diffusion Models

Author

Okada, Shuntaro, Doi, Kenji, Yoshihashi, Ryota, Kataoka, Hirokatsu, and Tanaka, Tomohiro

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We propose a noise schedule that ensures a constant rate of change in the probability distribution of diffused data throughout the diffusion process. To obtain this noise schedule, we measure the rate of change in the probability distribution of the forward process and use it to determine the noise schedule before training diffusion models. The functional form of the noise schedule is automatically determined and tailored to each dataset and type of diffusion model. We evaluate the effectiveness of our noise schedule on unconditional and class-conditional image generation tasks using the LSUN (bedroom/church/cat/horse), ImageNet, and FFHQ datasets. Through extensive experiments, we confirmed that our noise schedule broadly improves the performance of the diffusion models regardless of the dataset, sampler, number of function evaluations, or type of diffusion model., Comment: 33 pages, 9 figures

Published
2024

2. Entropy Controllable Direct Preference Optimization

Author

Omura, Motoki, Fujita, Yasuhiro, and Kataoka, Toshiki

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

In the post-training of large language models (LLMs), Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is an effective approach to achieve generation aligned with human preferences. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) allows for policy training with a simple binary cross-entropy loss without a reward model. The objective of DPO is regularized by reverse KL divergence that encourages mode-seeking fitting to the reference policy. Nonetheless, we indicate that minimizing reverse KL divergence could fail to capture a mode of the reference distribution, which may hurt the policy's performance. Based on this observation, we propose a simple modification to DPO, H-DPO, which allows for control over the entropy of the resulting policy, enhancing the distribution's sharpness and thereby enabling mode-seeking fitting more effectively. In our experiments, we show that H-DPO outperformed DPO across various tasks, demonstrating superior results in pass@$k$ evaluations for mathematical tasks. Moreover, H-DPO is simple to implement, requiring only minor modifications to the loss calculation of DPO, which makes it highly practical and promising for wide-ranging applications in the training of LLMs.

Published
2024

3. The JCMT BISTRO Survey: The Magnetic Fields of the IC 348 Star-forming Region

Author

Choi, Youngwoo, Kwon, Woojin, Pattle, Kate, Arzoumanian, Doris, Bourke, Tyler L., Hoang, Thiem, Hwang, Jihye, Koch, Patrick M., Sadavoy, Sarah, Bastien, Pierre, Furuya, Ray, Lai, Shih-Ping, Qiu, Keping, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Berry, David, Byun, Do-Young, Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien, Chen, Wen Ping, Chen, Mike, Chen, Zhiwei, Ching, Tao-Chung, Cho, Jungyeon, Choi, Minho, Choi, Yunhee, Coudé, Simon, Chrysostomou, Antonio, Chung, Eun Jung, Dai, Sophia, Debattista, Victor, Di Francesco, James, Diep, Pham Ngoc, Doi, Yasuo, Duan, Hao-Yuan, Duan, Yan, Eswaraiah, Chakali, Fanciullo, Lapo, Fiege, Jason, Fissel, Laura M., Franzmann, Erica, Friberg, Per, Friesen, Rachel, Fuller, Gary, Gledhill, Tim, Graves, Sarah, Greaves, Jane, Griffin, Matt, Gu, Qilao, Han, Ilseung, Hasegawa, Tetsuo, Houde, Martin, Hull, Charles L. H., Inoue, Tsuyoshi, Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro, Iwasaki, Kazunari, Jeong, Il-Gyo, Johnstone, Doug, Karoly, Janik, Könyves, Vera, Kang, Ji-hyun, Lacaille, Kevin, Law, Chi-Yan, Lee, Chang Won, Lee, Hyeseung, Lee, Chin-Fei, Lee, Jeong-Eun, Lee, Sang-Sung, Li, Dalei, Li, Di, Li, Guangxing, Li, Hua-bai, Lin, Sheng-Jun, Liu, Hong-Li, Liu, Tie, Liu, Sheng-Yuan, Liu, Junhao, Longmore, Steven, Lu, Xing, Lyo, A-Ran, Mairs, Steve, Matsumura, Masafumi, Matthews, Brenda, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald, Nagata, Tetsuya, Nakamura, Fumitaka, Nakanishi, Hiroyuki, Ngoc, Nguyen Bich, Ohashi, Nagayoshi, Onaka, Takashi, Park, Geumsook, Parsons, Harriet, Peretto, Nicolas, Priestley, Felix, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Qian, Lei, Rao, Ramprasad, Rawlings, Jonathan, Rawlings, Mark, Retter, Brendan, Richer, John, Rigby, Andrew, Saito, Hiro, Savini, Giorgio, Seta, Masumichi, Sharma, Ekta, Shimajiri, Yoshito, Shinnaga, Hiroko, Soam, Archana, Kang, Miju, Kataoka, Akimasa, Kawabata, Koji, Kemper, Francisca, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Shinyoung, Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Kyoung Hee, Kim, Mi-Ryang, Kim, Kee-Tae, Kim, Hyosung, Kirchschlager, Florian, Kirk, Jason, Kobayashi, Masato I. N., Kusune, Takayoshi, Kwon, Jungmi, Tamura, Motohide, Tang, Ya-Wen, Tang, Xindi, Tomisaka, Kohji, Tsukamoto, Yusuke, Viti, Serena, Wang, Hongchi, Wang, Jia-Wei, Wu, Jintai, Xie, Jinjin, Yang, Meng-Zhe, Yen, Hsi-Wei, Yoo, Hyunju, Yuan, Jinghua, Yun, Hyeong-Sik, Zenko, Tetsuya, Zhang, Guoyin, Zhang, Yapeng, Zhang, Chuan-Peng, Zhou, Jianjun, Zhu, Lei, de Looze, Ilse, André, Philippe, Dowell, C. Darren, Eden, David, Eyres, Stewart, Falle, Sam, Gouellec, Valentin J. M. Le, Poidevin, Frédérick, and van Loo, Sven

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present 850 $\mu$m polarization observations of the IC 348 star-forming region in the Perseus molecular cloud as part of the B-fields In STar-forming Region Observation (BISTRO) survey. We study the magnetic properties of two cores (HH 211 MMS and IC 348 MMS) and a filamentary structure of IC 348. We find that the overall field tends to be more perpendicular than parallel to the filamentary structure of the region. The polarization fraction decreases with intensity, and we estimate the trend by power-law and the mean of the Rice distribution fittings. The power indices for the cores are much smaller than 1, indicative of possible grain growth to micron size in the cores. We also measure the magnetic field strengths of the two cores and the filamentary area separately by applying the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method and its alternative version for compressed medium. The estimated mass-to-flux ratios are 0.45-2.20 and 0.63-2.76 for HH 211 MMS and IC 348 MMS, respectively, while the ratios for the filament is 0.33-1.50. This result may suggest that the transition from subcritical to supercritical conditions occurs at the core scale ($\sim$ 0.05 pc) in the region. In addition, we study the energy balance of the cores and find that the relative strength of turbulence to the magnetic field tends to be stronger for IC 348 MMS than HH 211 MMS. The result could potentially explain the different configurations inside the two cores: a single protostellar system in HH 211 MMS and multiple protostars in IC 348 MMS., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 21 pages, 12 figures

Published
2024

4. A new method of reconstructing images of gamma-ray telescopes applied to the LST-1 of CTAO

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Alispach, C., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Ambrosino, D., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Balbo, M., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Jiménez, L. Barrios, Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bezshyiko, I., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borkowski, G., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Burgo, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Inoue, S., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iuliano, A., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalashev, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luciani, H., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Méndez-Gallego, J., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeifle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Ruina, A., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Ventura, S., Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Wójtowicz, J., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are used to observe very high-energy photons from the ground. Gamma rays are indirectly detected through the Cherenkov light emitted by the air showers they induce. The new generation of experiments, in particular the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), sets ambitious goals for discoveries of new gamma-ray sources and precise measurements of the already discovered ones. To achieve these goals, both hardware and data analysis must employ cutting-edge techniques. This also applies to the LST-1, the first IACT built for the CTAO, which is currently taking data on the Canary island of La Palma. This paper introduces a new event reconstruction technique for IACT data, aiming to improve the image reconstruction quality and the discrimination between the signal and the background from misidentified hadrons and electrons. The technique models the development of the extensive air shower signal, recorded as a waveform per pixel, seen by CTAO telescopes' cameras. Model parameters are subsequently passed to random forest regressors and classifiers to extract information on the primary particle. The new reconstruction was applied to simulated data and to data from observations of the Crab Nebula performed by the LST-1. The event reconstruction method presented here shows promising performance improvements. The angular and energy resolution, and the sensitivity, are improved by 10 to 20% over most of the energy range. At low energy, improvements reach up to 22%, 47%, and 50%, respectively. A future extension of the method to stereoscopic analysis for telescope arrays will be the next important step., Comment: Accepted in A&A

Published
2024

5. Development and performance evaluation of a thin GAGG:Ce scintillator plate for high resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging

Author

Yoshino, Masao, Yamamoto, Seiichi, Nakanishi, Kohei, Yogo, Katsunori, Kamada, Kei, Koshikawa, Nanase, Kataoka, Jun, and Yoshikawa, Akira

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Scintillator-based X-ray imaging detectors are pivotal in numerous scientific and practical domains, including medical imaging, and security monitoring. Recent advancements have spurred interest in 4D X-ray imaging using synchrotron radiation, necessitating higher temporal resolutions. Consequently, this places stringent demands on X-ray detector technology, especially when X-ray energy exceeds 20 keV. The selection of a suitable scintillator material is crucial for achieving optimal timing resolution, yet it poses a significant challenge in dynamic X-ray imaging. This study delves into the optimization of scintillator properties and their impact on spatial resolution and light output, elucidating the performance of Ce-doped Gd3Ga3Al2O12 (GAGG:Ce) scintillators for X-ray imaging applications. We developed a micro X-ray imaging detector using a 100 $\mu$m-thick GAGG:Ce scintillator plate and conducted X-ray imaging tests at the Aichi SR facility. The results demonstrated that the resolution, quantified as the chart slit width at a contrast transfer function (CTF) value of 10%, reached 2 - 3 $\mu$m with a 4x lens, 0.52 $\mu$m $\pm$ 0.03 $\mu$m with a 20x lens, and 0.42 $\mu$m $\pm$ 0.01 $\mu$m with a 40x lens. Although the results of this study did not achieve a spatial resolution nearing the effective pixel size of the 40x lens, the text also elucidates the underlying reasons for this limitation. Furthermore, we compared the X-ray sensitivity of our GAGG:Ce scintillator plate with that of a commercial LuAG:Ce scintillator, revealing an approximately 1.5-fold increase in light output. As a demonstration, transmission images of dried small fish were captured using the GAGG:Ce scintillator plate and the developed X-ray imaging system. These findings highlight the potential of the X-ray imaging detector devised in this study for future generations of X-ray imaging applications., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures

Published
2024
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6. PLaMo-100B: A Ground-Up Language Model Designed for Japanese Proficiency

Author

Elements, Preferred, Abe, Kenshin, Chubachi, Kaizaburo, Fujita, Yasuhiro, Hirokawa, Yuta, Imajo, Kentaro, Kataoka, Toshiki, Komatsu, Hiroyoshi, Mikami, Hiroaki, Mogami, Tsuguo, Murai, Shogo, Nakago, Kosuke, Nishino, Daisuke, Ogawa, Toru, Okanohara, Daisuke, Ozaki, Yoshihiko, Sano, Shotaro, Suzuki, Shuji, Xu, Tianqi, and Yanase, Toshihiko

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We introduce PLaMo-100B, a large-scale language model designed for Japanese proficiency. The model was trained from scratch using 2 trillion tokens, with architecture such as QK Normalization and Z-Loss to ensure training stability during the training process. Post-training techniques, including Supervised Fine-Tuning and Direct Preference Optimization, were applied to refine the model's performance. Benchmark evaluations suggest that PLaMo-100B performs well, particularly in Japanese-specific tasks, achieving results that are competitive with frontier models like GPT-4. The base model is available at https://huggingface.co/pfnet/plamo-100b.

Published
2024

7. Search for proton decay via $p\rightarrow{e^+\eta}$ and $p\rightarrow{\mu^+\eta}$ with a 0.37 Mton-year exposure of Super-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Taniuchi, N., Abe, K., Abe, S., Asaoka, Y., Bronner, C., Harada, M., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hosokawa, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Kashiwagi, Y., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Noguchi, Y., Pronost, G., Okamoto, K., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiba, H., Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Tanaka, H., Watanabe, S., Yano, T., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Tomiya, T., Wang, X., Yoshida, S., Megias, G. D., Fernandez, P., Labarga, L., Ospina, N., Zaldivar, B., Pointon, B. W., Kearns, E., Mirabito, J., Raaf, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Kropp, W. R., Locke, S., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Yankelevich, A., Hill, J., Jang, M. C., Kim, J. Y., Lee, S. H., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Park, R. G., Yang, B. S., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Beauchêne, A., Bernard, L., Coffani, A., Drapier, O., Hedri, S. El, Giampaolo, A., Mueller, Th. A., Santos, A. D., Paganini, P., Rogly, R., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Machado, L. N., Learned, J. G., Choi, K., Iovine, N., Cao, S., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Prouse, N. W., Scott, M., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Berardi, V., Calabria, N. F., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Langella, A., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Feltre, M., Iacob, F., Lamoureux, M., Mattiazzi, M., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Périssé, L., Quilain, B., Fujisawa, C., Horiuchi, S., Kobayashi, M., Liu, Y. M., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Okazaki, R., Akutsu, R., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Yrey, A. Portocarrero, Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Bhuiyan, N., Boschi, T., Burton, G. T., Di Lodovico, F., Gao, J., Goldsack, A., Katori, T., Migenda, J., Ramsden, R. M., Taani, M., Xie, Z., Zsoldos, S., Kotsar, Y., Ozaki, H., Suzuki, A. T., Takagi, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Yamamoto, S., Zhong, H., Feng, J., Feng, L., Han, S., Hu, J. R., Hu, Z., Kawaue, M., Kikawa, T., Mori, M., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Jenkins, S. J., McCauley, N., Mehta, P., Tarrant, A., Wilking, M. J., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Ninomiya, K., Yoshioka, Y., Lagoda, J., Mandal, M., Mijakowski, P., Prabhu, Y. S., Zalipska, J., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Shi, W., Yanagisawa, C., Hino, Y., Ishino, H., Ito, S., Kitagawa, H., Koshio, Y., Ma, W., Nakanishi, F., Sakai, S., Tada, T., Tano, T., Ishizuka, T., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Samani, S., Wark, D., Holin, A., Nova, F., Jung, S., Yang, J. Y., Yoo, J., Fannon, J. E. P., Kneale, L., Malek, M., McElwee, J. M., Stone, O., Stowell, P., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Wilson, S. T., Okazawa, H., Lakshmi, S. M., Kim, S. B., Kwon, E., Lee, M. W., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Nakamura, K. D., Tairafune, S., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Eguchi, A., Goto, S., Iwamoto, K., Mizuno, Y., Muro, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Shima, S., Watanabe, E., Yokoyama, M., de Perio, P., Fujita, S., Jesús-Valls, C., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Tsui, K. M., Vagins, M. R., Xia, J., Izumiyama, S., Kuze, M., Matsumoto, R., Terada, K., Asaka, R., Inomoto, M., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Kinoshita, T., Ommura, Y., Shigeta, N., Shinoki, M., Suganuma, T., Yamauchi, K., Yoshida, T., Nakano, Y., Martin, J. F., Tanaka, H. A., Towstego, T., Gaur, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Li, X., Chen, S., Wu, Y., Xu, B. D., Zhang, A. Q., Zhang, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Boyd, S. B., Edwards, R., Hadley, D., Nicholson, M., O'Flaherty, M., Richards, B., Ali, A., Jamieson, B., Amanai, S., Minamino, A., Pintaudi, G., Sano, S., Sasaki, R., Shibayama, R., Shimamura, R., Suzuki, S., and Wada, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A search for proton decay into $e^+/\mu^+$ and a $\eta$ meson has been performed using data from a 0.373 Mton$\cdot$year exposure (6050.3 live days) of Super-Kamiokande. Compared to previous searches this work introduces an improved model of the intranuclear $\eta$ interaction cross section, resulting in a factor of two reduction in uncertainties from this source and $\sim$10\% increase in signal efficiency. No significant data excess was found above the expected number of atmospheric neutrino background events resulting in no indication of proton decay into either mode. Lower limits on the proton partial lifetime of $1.4\times\mathrm{10^{34}~years}$ for $p\rightarrow e^+\eta$ and $7.3\times\mathrm{10^{33}~years}$ for $p\rightarrow \mu^+\eta$ at the 90$\%$ C.L. were set. These limits are around 1.5 times longer than our previous study and are the most stringent to date.

Published
2024

8. Formula-Supervised Visual-Geometric Pre-training

Author

Yamada, Ryosuke, Hara, Kensho, Kataoka, Hirokatsu, Makihara, Koshi, Inoue, Nakamasa, Yokota, Rio, and Satoh, Yutaka

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Throughout the history of computer vision, while research has explored the integration of images (visual) and point clouds (geometric), many advancements in image and 3D object recognition have tended to process these modalities separately. We aim to bridge this divide by integrating images and point clouds on a unified transformer model. This approach integrates the modality-specific properties of images and point clouds and achieves fundamental downstream tasks in image and 3D object recognition on a unified transformer model by learning visual-geometric representations. In this work, we introduce Formula-Supervised Visual-Geometric Pre-training (FSVGP), a novel synthetic pre-training method that automatically generates aligned synthetic images and point clouds from mathematical formulas. Through cross-modality supervision, we enable supervised pre-training between visual and geometric modalities. FSVGP also reduces reliance on real data collection, cross-modality alignment, and human annotation. Our experimental results show that FSVGP pre-trains more effectively than VisualAtom and PC-FractalDB across six tasks: image and 3D object classification, detection, and segmentation. These achievements demonstrate FSVGP's superior generalization in image and 3D object recognition and underscore the potential of synthetic pre-training in visual-geometric representation learning. Our project website is available at https://ryosuke-yamada.github.io/fdsl-fsvgp/., Comment: Accepted to ECCV2024

Published
2024

9. Cosmic ray north-south anisotropy: rigidity spectrum and solar cycle variations observed by ground-based muon detectors

Author

Kozai, M., Hayashi, Y., Fujii, K., Munakata, K., Kato, C., Miyashita, N., Kadokura, A., Kataoka, R., Miyake, S., Duldig, M. L., Humble, J. E., and Iwai, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

The north-south (NS) anisotropy of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) is dominated by a diamagnetic drift flow of GCRs in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), allowing us to derive key parameters of cosmic-ray propagation, such as the density gradient and diffusion coefficient. We propose a new method to analyze the rigidity spectrum of GCR anisotropy and reveal a solar cycle variation of the NS anisotropy's spectrum using ground-based muon detectors in Nagoya, Japan, and Hobart, Australia. The physics-based correction method for the atmospheric temperature effect on muons is used to combine the different-site detectors free from local atmospheric effects. NS channel pairs in the multi-directional muon detectors are formed to enhance sensitivity to the NS anisotropy, and in this process, general graph matching in graph theory is introduced to survey optimized pairs. Moreover, Bayesian estimation with the Gaussian process allows us to unfold the rigidity spectrum without supposing any analytical function for the spectral shape. Thanks to these novel approaches, it has been discovered that the rigidity spectrum of the NS anisotropy is dynamically varying with solar activity every year. It is attributed to a rigidity-dependent variation of the radial density gradient of GCRs based on the nature of the diamagnetic drift in the IMF. The diffusion coefficient and mean-free-path length of GCRs as functions of the rigidity are also derived from the diffusion-convection flow balance. This analysis expands the estimation limit of the mean-free-path length into $\le200$ GV rigidity region from $<10$ GV region achieved by solar energetic particle observations., Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2024

10. Rethinking Image Super-Resolution from Training Data Perspectives

Author

Ohtani, Go, Tadokoro, Ryu, Yamada, Ryosuke, Asano, Yuki M., Laina, Iro, Rupprecht, Christian, Inoue, Nakamasa, Yokota, Rio, Kataoka, Hirokatsu, and Aoki, Yoshimitsu

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

In this work, we investigate the understudied effect of the training data used for image super-resolution (SR). Most commonly, novel SR methods are developed and benchmarked on common training datasets such as DIV2K and DF2K. However, we investigate and rethink the training data from the perspectives of diversity and quality, {thereby addressing the question of ``How important is SR training for SR models?''}. To this end, we propose an automated image evaluation pipeline. With this, we stratify existing high-resolution image datasets and larger-scale image datasets such as ImageNet and PASS to compare their performances. We find that datasets with (i) low compression artifacts, (ii) high within-image diversity as judged by the number of different objects, and (iii) a large number of images from ImageNet or PASS all positively affect SR performance. We hope that the proposed simple-yet-effective dataset curation pipeline will inform the construction of SR datasets in the future and yield overall better models., Comment: Accepted to ECCV2024

Published
2024

11. Combined Pre-supernova Alert System with KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande

Author

Abe, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Goto, S, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Morita, D, Nakahata, T, Nakajima, R, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Nakane, J, Ozaki, H, Saito, K, Sakai, T, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Shoji, R, Suzuki, A, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Watanabe, H, Watanabe, K, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Fu, Z, Smolsky, J, Winslow, LA, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Dell’Oro, S, O’Donnell, T, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Weerman, KM, Grant, C, Song, H, Li, A, Axani, SN, Garcia, M, Collaboration, The KamLAND, Abe, K, Bronner, C, Hayato, Y, Hiraide, K, Hosokawa, K, Ieki, K, Ikeda, M, Kameda, J, Kanemura, Y, Kaneshima, R, Kashiwagi, Y, Kataoka, Y, Miki, S, Mine, S, Miura, M, Moriyama, S, Nakahata, M, Nakano, Y, Nakayama, S, Noguchi, Y, Sato, K, Sekiya, H, Shiba, H, Shimizu, K, Shiozawa, M, Sonoda, Y, Suzuki, Y, Takeda, A, Takemoto, Y, Tanaka, H, Yano, T, and Han, S

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

Preceding a core-collapse supernova (CCSN), various processes produce an increasing amount of neutrinos of all flavors characterized by mounting energies from the interior of massive stars. Among them, the electron antineutrinos are potentially detectable by terrestrial neutrino experiments such as KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande (SK) via inverse beta decay interactions. Once these pre-supernova (pre-SN) neutrinos are observed, an early warning of the upcoming CCSN can be provided. In light of this, KamLAND and SK, both located in the Kamioka mine in Japan, have been monitoring pre-SN neutrinos since 2015 and 2021, respectively. Recently, we performed a joint study between KamLAND and SK on pre-SN neutrino detection. A pre-SN alert system combining the KamLAND detector and the SK detector was developed and put into operation, which can provide a supernova alert to the astrophysics community. Fully leveraging the complementary properties of these two detectors, the combined alert is expected to resolve a pre-SN neutrino signal from a 15 M ⊙ star within 510 pc of the Earth at a significance level corresponding to a false alarm rate of no more than 1 per century. For a Betelgeuse-like model with optimistic parameters, it can provide early warnings up to 12 hr in advance.

Published
2024

12. Global analysis of the extended cosmic-ray decreases observed with world-wide networks of neutron monitors and muon detectors; temporal variation of the rigidity spectrum and its implication

Author

Munakata, K., Hayashi, Y., Kozai, M., Kato, C., Miyashita, N., Kataoka, R., Kadokura, A., Miyake, S., Iwai, K., Echer, E., Lago, A. Dal, Rockenbach, M., Schuch, N. J., Bageston, J. V., Braga, C. R., Jassar, H. K. Al, Sharma, M. M., Duldig, M. L., Humble, J. E., Sabbah, I., Evenson, P., Kuwabara, T., and Kóta, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

This paper presents the global analysis of two extended decreases of the galactic cosmic ray intensity observed by world-wide networks of ground-based detectors in 2012. This analysis is capable of separately deriving the cosmic ray density (or omnidirectional intensity) and anisotropy each as a function of time and rigidity. A simple diffusion model along the spiral field line between Earth and a cosmic-ray barrier indicates the long duration of these events resulting from about 190$^\circ$ eastern extension of a barrier such as an IP-shock followed by the sheath region and/or the corotating interaction region (CIR). It is suggested that the coronal mass ejection merging and compressing the preexisting CIR at its flank can produce such the extended barrier. The derived rigidity spectra of the density and anisotropy both vary in time during each event period. In particular we find that the temporal feature of the ``phantom Forbush decrease'' reported in an analyzed period is dependent on rigidity, looking quite different at different rigidities. From these rigidity spectra of the density and anisotropy, we derive the rigidity spectrum of the average parallel mean-free-path of pitch angle scattering along the spiral field line and infer the power spectrum of the magnetic fluctuation and its temporal variation. Possible physical cause of the strong rigidity dependence of the ``phantom Forbush decrease'' is also discussed. These results demonstrate the high-energy cosmic rays observed at Earth responding to remote space weather., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2024

13. Asymmetric dust accumulation of the PDS 70 disk revealed by ALMA Band 3 observations

Author

Doi, Kiyoaki, Kataoka, Akimasa, Liu, Hauyu Baobab, Yoshida, Tomohiro C., Benisty, Myriam, Dong, Ruobing, Yamato, Yoshihide, and Hashimoto, Jun

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The PDS 70 system, hosting two planets within its disk, is an ideal target for examining the effect of planets on dust accumulation, growth, and ongoing planet formation. Here, we present high-resolution ($0.''07 = 8 \ \mathrm{au}$) dust continuum observations of the PDS 70 disk in ALMA Band 3 (3.0 mm). While previous Band 7 observations showed a dust ring with slight asymmetry, our Band 3 observations reveal a more prominent asymmetric peak in the northwest direction, where the intensity is 2.5 times higher than in other directions and the spectral index is at the local minimum with $\alpha_{\mathrm{SED}} \sim 2.2$. This indicates that a substantial amount of dust is accumulated both radially and azimuthally in the peak. We also detect point-source emission around the stellar position in the Band 3 image, which is likely to be free-free emission. We constrain the eccentricity of the outer ring to be $e<0.04$ from the position of the central star and the outer ring. From the comparison with numerical simulations, we constrain the mass of PDS 70c to be less than 4.9 Jupiter masses if the gas turbulence strength $\alpha_{\mathrm{turb}} = 10^{-3}$. Then, we discuss the formation mechanism of the disk structures and further planet formation scenarios in the disk., Comment: accepted to ApJL

Published
2024

14. Formation of a lateral p-n junction light-emitting diode on an n-type high-mobility GaAs/Al$_{0.33}$Ga$_{0.67}$As heterostructure

Author

Dobney, C. P., Nasir, A., See, P., Ford, C. J. B., Griffiths, J. P., Chen, C., Ritchie, D. A., and Kataoka, M.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We have fabricated a device which includes two lateral p-n junctions on an n-type GaAs/Al$_{0.33}$Ga$_{0.67}$As heterostructure. A section of the n-type material has been converted to p-type by removing dopants and applying a voltage to a gate placed in this region. Controlled electroluminescence from both of the p-n junctions has been demonstrated by varying the applied bias voltages. An emission peak with a width of ~8 nm is observed around 812 nm. The electroluminescence seen from both junctions is considered to originate from the GaAs quantum well layer in the device. The lithographic techniques that we have developed are compatible for further integration of gated quantum devices such as single-electron pumps to build on-demand single-photon sources.

Published
2024

15. Achieving Human Level Competitive Robot Table Tennis

Author

D'Ambrosio, David B., Abeyruwan, Saminda, Graesser, Laura, Iscen, Atil, Amor, Heni Ben, Bewley, Alex, Reed, Barney J., Reymann, Krista, Takayama, Leila, Tassa, Yuval, Choromanski, Krzysztof, Coumans, Erwin, Jain, Deepali, Jaitly, Navdeep, Jaques, Natasha, Kataoka, Satoshi, Kuang, Yuheng, Lazic, Nevena, Mahjourian, Reza, Moore, Sherry, Oslund, Kenneth, Shankar, Anish, Sindhwani, Vikas, Vanhoucke, Vincent, Vesom, Grace, Xu, Peng, and Sanketi, Pannag R.

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

Achieving human-level speed and performance on real world tasks is a north star for the robotics research community. This work takes a step towards that goal and presents the first learned robot agent that reaches amateur human-level performance in competitive table tennis. Table tennis is a physically demanding sport which requires human players to undergo years of training to achieve an advanced level of proficiency. In this paper, we contribute (1) a hierarchical and modular policy architecture consisting of (i) low level controllers with their detailed skill descriptors which model the agent's capabilities and help to bridge the sim-to-real gap and (ii) a high level controller that chooses the low level skills, (2) techniques for enabling zero-shot sim-to-real including an iterative approach to defining the task distribution that is grounded in the real-world and defines an automatic curriculum, and (3) real time adaptation to unseen opponents. Policy performance was assessed through 29 robot vs. human matches of which the robot won 45% (13/29). All humans were unseen players and their skill level varied from beginner to tournament level. Whilst the robot lost all matches vs. the most advanced players it won 100% matches vs. beginners and 55% matches vs. intermediate players, demonstrating solidly amateur human-level performance. Videos of the matches can be viewed at https://sites.google.com/view/competitive-robot-table-tennis, Comment: v2, 29 pages, 19 main paper, 10 references + appendix, adding an additional 9 references

Published
2024

16. Scaling Backwards: Minimal Synthetic Pre-training?

Author

Nakamura, Ryo, Tadokoro, Ryu, Yamada, Ryosuke, Asano, Yuki M., Laina, Iro, Rupprecht, Christian, Inoue, Nakamasa, Yokota, Rio, and Kataoka, Hirokatsu

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Pre-training and transfer learning are an important building block of current computer vision systems. While pre-training is usually performed on large real-world image datasets, in this paper we ask whether this is truly necessary. To this end, we search for a minimal, purely synthetic pre-training dataset that allows us to achieve performance similar to the 1 million images of ImageNet-1k. We construct such a dataset from a single fractal with perturbations. With this, we contribute three main findings. (i) We show that pre-training is effective even with minimal synthetic images, with performance on par with large-scale pre-training datasets like ImageNet-1k for full fine-tuning. (ii) We investigate the single parameter with which we construct artificial categories for our dataset. We find that while the shape differences can be indistinguishable to humans, they are crucial for obtaining strong performances. (iii) Finally, we investigate the minimal requirements for successful pre-training. Surprisingly, we find that a substantial reduction of synthetic images from 1k to 1 can even lead to an increase in pre-training performance, a motivation to further investigate ''scaling backwards''. Finally, we extend our method from synthetic images to real images to see if a single real image can show similar pre-training effect through shape augmentation. We find that the use of grayscale images and affine transformations allows even real images to ''scale backwards''., Comment: Accepted to ECCV2024

Published
2024

17. The Bulk Densities of Small Solar System Bodies as a Probe of Planetesimal Formation

Author

Tatsuuma, Misako, Kataoka, Akimasa, Tanaka, Hidekazu, and Guillot, Tristan

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Constraining the formation processes of small solar system bodies is crucial for gaining insights into planetesimal formation. Their bulk densities, determined by their compressive strengths, offer valuable information about their formation history. In this paper, we utilize a formulation of the compressive strength of dust aggregates obtained from dust $N$-body simulations to establish the relation between bulk density and diameter. We find that this relation can be effectively approximated by a polytrope with an index of 0.5, coupled with a formulation of the compressive strength of dust aggregates. The lowest-density trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and main-belt asteroids (MBAs) are well reproduced by dust aggregates composed of 0.1-$\mathrm{\mu}$m-sized grains. However, most TNOs, MBAs, comets, and near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) exhibit higher densities, suggesting the influence of compaction mechanisms such as collision, dust grain disruption, sintering, or melting, leading to further growth. We speculate that there are two potential formation paths for small solar system bodies: one involves the direct coagulation of primordial dust grains, resulting in the formation of first-generation planetesimals, including the lowest-density TNOs, MBAs, and parent bodies of comets and NEAs. In this case, comets and NEAs are fragments or rubble piles of first-generation planetesimals, and objects themselves or rubbles are composed of 0.1-$\mathrm{\mu}$m-sized grains. The other path involves further potential fragmentation of first-generation planetesimals into compact dust aggregates observed in protoplanetary disks, resulting in the formation of second-generation planetesimals composed of compact dust aggregates, which may contribute to explaining another formation process of comets and NEAs., Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2024

18. Observational Evidence for Magnetic Field Amplification in SN 1006

Author

Tao, Moeri, Kataoka, Jun, and Tanaka, Takaaki

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report the first observational evidence for magnetic field amplification in the north-east/south-west (NE/SW) shells of supernova remnant SN 1006, one of the most promising sites of cosmic ray (CR) acceleration. In previous studies, the strength of magnetic fields in these shells was estimated to be $B_{\rm SED}$ $\simeq$ 25$\mu$G from the spectral energy distribution, where the synchrotron emission from relativistic electrons accounted for radio to X-rays, along with the inverse Compton emission extending from the GeV to TeV energy bands. However, the analysis of broadband radio data, ranging from 1.37~GHz to 100~GHz, indicated that the radio spectrum steepened from $\alpha_1 = 0.52 \pm 0.02$ to $\alpha_2 = 1.34 \pm 0.21$ by $\Delta \alpha$ = 0.85 $\pm$ 0.21. This is naturally interpreted as a cooling break under strong magnetic field of $B_{\rm brk}$ $\ge$ 2~mG. Moreover, the high-resolution MeerKAT image indicated that the width of the radio NE/SW shells was broader than that of the X-ray shell by a factor of only 3$-$20, as measured by Chandra. Such narrow radio shells can be naturally explained if the magnetic field responsible for the radio emissions is $B_{\rm R}$ $\ge$ 2 mG. Assuming that the magnetic field is locally enhanced by a factor of approximately $a$ = 100 along the NE/SW shells, we argue that the filling factor, which is the volume ratio of such a magnetically enhanced region to that of the entire shell, must be as low as approximately $k$ = 2.5$\times$10$^{-5}$., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024
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19. Commissioning the CMB polarization telescope GroundBIRD with the full set of detectors

Author

Tsujii, Miku, Baselmans, Jochem J. A., Choi, Jihoon, Coppens, Antonio H. M., Fasano, Alessandro, Génova-Santos, Ricardo Tanausú, Hattori, Makoto, Hazumi, Masashi, Honda, Shunsuke, Ikemitsu, Takuji, Ishida, Hidesato, Ishitsuka, Hikaru, Jeong, Hoyong, Jo, Yonggil, Karatsu, Kenichi, Kataoka, Keisuke, Kiuchi, Kenji, Komine, Junta, Koyano, Ryo, Kutsuma, Hiroki, Lee, Kyungmin, Mima, Satoru, Nagai, Makoto, Nagasaki, Taketo, Naruse, Masato, Oguri, Shugo, Otani, Chiko, Peel, Michael W., Rebolo, Rafael, Rubiño-Martín, José Alberto, Sekimoto, Yutaro, Sueno, Yoshinori, Suzuki, Junya, Taino, Tohru, Tajima, Osamu, Tanaka, Tomonaga, Thoen, David J., Tomita, Nozomu, Tsuji, Yuta, Uchida, Tomohisa, Won, Eunil, and Yoshida, Mitsuhiro

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

GroundBIRD is a ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment for observing the polarization pattern imprinted on large angular scales ($\ell > 6$ ) from the Teide Observatory in Tenerife, Spain. Our primary scientific objective is a precise measurement of the optical depth $\tau$ ($\sigma(\tau) \sim 0.01$) to the reionization epoch of the Universe to cross-check systematic effects in the measurements made by previous experiments. GroundBIRD observes a wide sky area in the Northern Hemisphere ($\sim 40\%$ of the full sky) while continuously rotating the telescope at a high speed of up to 20 rotations per minute (rpm) to overcome the fluctuations of atmospheric radiation. We have adopted the NbTiN/Al hybrid microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) as focal plane detectors. We observe two frequency bands centered at 145 GHz and 220 GHz. The 145 GHz band picks up the peak frequency of the CMB spectrum. The 220 GHz band helps accurate removal of the contamination of thermal emission from the Galactic interstellar dust. The MKID arrays (138 MKIDs for 145GHz and 23 MKIDs for 220GHz) were designed and optimized so as to minimize the contamination of the two-level-system noise and maximize the sensitivity. The MKID arrays were successfully installed in May 2023 after the performance verification tests were performed at a laboratory. GroundBIRD has been upgraded to use the full MKID arrays, and scientific observations are now underway. The telescope is automated, so that all observations are performed remotely. Initial validations, including polarization response tests and observations of Jupiter and the moon, have been completed successfully. We are now running scientific observations., Comment: Event: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2024, Yokohama, Japan; paper number 13102-7, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy XII

Published
2024

20. Kida's formula for graphs with ramifications

Author

Kataoka, Takenori

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Mathematics - Number Theory, 05C25, 11R23
Abstract

Recently Iwasawa theory for graphs is developing. A significant achievement includes an analogue of Iwasawa class number formula, which describes the asymptotic growth of the numbers of spanning trees for $\mathbb{Z}_p$-coverings of graphs. Moreover, an analogue of Kida's formula concerning the behavior of the $\lambda$- and $\mu$-invariants is obtained for unramified coverings. In this paper, we establish Kida's formula for possibly ramified coverings., Comment: 16 pages

Published
2024

21. Rarity of pseudo-null Iwasawa modules for $p$-adic Lie extensions

Author

Kataoka, Takenori

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, 11R23
Abstract

In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the pseudo-nullity of the $p$-ramified Iwasawa module for $p$-adic Lie extension of totally real fields. It is applied to answer the corresponding question for the minus component of the unramified Iwasawa module for CM-fields. The results show that the pseudo-nullity is very rare., Comment: 14 pages

Published
2024

22. Statistical study and parallelisation of multiplexed single-electron sources

Author

Norimoto, S., See, P., Schoinas, N., Rungger, I., Boykin II, T. O., Stewart Jr, M. D., Griffiths, J. P., Chen, C., Ritchie, D. A., and Kataoka, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Increasing electric current from a single-electron source is a main challenge in an effort to establish the standard of the ampere defined by the fixed value of the elementary charge $e$ and operation frequency $f$. While the current scales with $f$, due to an operation frequency limit for maintaining accurate single-electron transfer, parallelisation of singleelectron sources is expected to be a more practical solution to increase the generated electric current $I = Nef$, where $N$ is a number of parallelised devices. One way to parallelise single-electron sources without increasing the complexity in device operation is to use a common gate. Such a scheme will require each device to have the same operation parameters for single-electron transfer. In order to investigate this possibility, we study the statistics for operation gate voltages using single-electron sources embedded in a multiplexer circuit. The multiplexer circuit allows us to measure 64 single-electron sources individually in a single cooldown. We also demonstrate the parallelisation of three single-electron sources and observe the generated current enhanced by a factor of three., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures

Published
2024

23. LLM-jp: A Cross-organizational Project for the Research and Development of Fully Open Japanese LLMs

Author

LLM-jp, Aizawa, Akiko, Aramaki, Eiji, Chen, Bowen, Cheng, Fei, Deguchi, Hiroyuki, Enomoto, Rintaro, Fujii, Kazuki, Fukumoto, Kensuke, Fukushima, Takuya, Han, Namgi, Harada, Yuto, Hashimoto, Chikara, Hiraoka, Tatsuya, Hisada, Shohei, Hosokawa, Sosuke, Jie, Lu, Kamata, Keisuke, Kanazawa, Teruhito, Kanezashi, Hiroki, Kataoka, Hiroshi, Katsumata, Satoru, Kawahara, Daisuke, Kawano, Seiya, Keyaki, Atsushi, Kiryu, Keisuke, Kiyomaru, Hirokazu, Kodama, Takashi, Kubo, Takahiro, Kuga, Yohei, Kumon, Ryoma, Kurita, Shuhei, Kurohashi, Sadao, Li, Conglong, Maekawa, Taiki, Matsuda, Hiroshi, Miyao, Yusuke, Mizuki, Kentaro, Mizuki, Sakae, Murawaki, Yugo, Nakamura, Ryo, Nakamura, Taishi, Nakayama, Kouta, Nakazato, Tomoka, Niitsuma, Takuro, Nishitoba, Jiro, Oda, Yusuke, Ogawa, Hayato, Okamoto, Takumi, Okazaki, Naoaki, Oseki, Yohei, Ozaki, Shintaro, Ryu, Koki, Rzepka, Rafal, Sakaguchi, Keisuke, Sasaki, Shota, Sekine, Satoshi, Suda, Kohei, Sugawara, Saku, Sugiura, Issa, Sugiyama, Hiroaki, Suzuki, Hisami, Suzuki, Jun, Suzumura, Toyotaro, Tachibana, Kensuke, Takagi, Yu, Takami, Kyosuke, Takeda, Koichi, Takeshita, Masashi, Tanaka, Masahiro, Taura, Kenjiro, Tolmachev, Arseny, Ueda, Nobuhiro, Wan, Zhen, Yada, Shuntaro, Yahata, Sakiko, Yamamoto, Yuya, Yamauchi, Yusuke, Yanaka, Hitomi, Yokota, Rio, and Yoshino, Koichiro

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

This paper introduces LLM-jp, a cross-organizational project for the research and development of Japanese large language models (LLMs). LLM-jp aims to develop open-source and strong Japanese LLMs, and as of this writing, more than 1,500 participants from academia and industry are working together for this purpose. This paper presents the background of the establishment of LLM-jp, summaries of its activities, and technical reports on the LLMs developed by LLM-jp. For the latest activities, visit https://llm-jp.nii.ac.jp/en/.

Published
2024

24. A detailed study of the very-high-energy Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gavira, L., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jiménez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Context: There are currently three pulsars firmly detected by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), two of them reaching TeV energies, challenging models of very-high-energy (VHE) emission in pulsars. More precise observations are needed to better characterize pulsar emission at these energies. The LST-1 is the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope, that will be part of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). Its improved performance over previous IACTs makes it well suited for studying pulsars. Aims: To study the Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1, improving and complementing the results from other telescopes. These observations can also be used to characterize the potential of the LST-1 to study other pulsars and detect new ones. Methods: We analyzed a total of $\sim$103 hours of gamma-ray observations of the Crab pulsar conducted with the LST-1 in the period from September 2020 to January 2023. The observations were carried out at zenith angles less than 50 degrees. A new analysis of the Fermi-LAT data was also performed, including $\sim$14 years of observations. Results: The Crab pulsar phaseogram, long-term light-curve, and phase-resolved spectra are reconstructed with the LST-1 from 20 GeV to 450 GeV for P1 and up to 700 GeV for P2. The pulsed emission is detected with a significance of 15.2$\sigma$. The two characteristic emission peaks of the Crab pulsar are clearly detected (>10$\sigma$), as well as the so-called bridge emission (5.7$\sigma$). We find that both peaks are well described by power laws, with spectral indices of $\sim$3.44 and $\sim$3.03 respectively. The joint analysis of Fermi-LAT and LST-1 data shows a good agreement between both instruments in the overlapping energy range. The detailed results obtained in the first observations of the Crab pulsar with LST-1 show the potential that CTAO will have to study this type of sources., Comment: Accepted by A&A

Published
2024

25. Photon emission by hot electron injection across a lateral \textit{pn} junction

Author

Norimoto, S., Saxena, R., See, P., Nasir, A., Griffiths, J. P., Chen, C., Ritchie, D. A., and Kataoka, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate a method to generate photons by injecting hot electrons into a {\it pn} junction within a \ce{GaAs/AlGaAs} heterostructure. Hot electrons are generated by biasing across a mesoscopic potential in {\it n}-type region and travel toward {\it p}-type region through quantum Hall edge channel in the presence of magnetic field perpendicular to the substrate. The {\it p}-type region is created several microns away from the hot electron emitter by inducing interfacial charges using a surface gate. The energy relaxation of the hot electrons is suppressed by separating the orbitals before and after longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon emission. This technique enables the hot electrons to reach the {\it p}-type region and to recombine with induced holes followed by photon emissions. Hot electron-induced hole recombination is confirmed by a peak around \qty{810}{nm} in an optical spectrum that corresponds to excitonic recombination in a \ce{GaAs} quantum well. An asymmetric structure observed in the optical spectrum as a function of the magnetic field originates from the chiral transport of the hot electrons in the Hall edge channel. We propose the combination of our technology and on-demand single-electron source would enable the development of an on-demand single photon source that is an essential building block to drive an optical quantum circuit and to transfer quantum information for a long distance., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

26. Relationship between spatially heterogeneous reaction dynamics and photochemical kinetics in single crystals of anthracene derivatives.

Author

Kataoka, Sogo, Kitagawa, Daichi, Sotome, Hikaru, Ito, Syoji, Miyasaka, Hiroshi, Bardeen, Christopher, and Kobatake, Seiya

Abstract

Understanding physicochemical property changes based on reaction kinetics is required to design materials exhibiting desired functions at arbitrary timings. In this work, we investigated the photodimerization of anthracene derivatives in single crystals. Single crystals of 9-cyanoanthracene (9CA) and 9-anthraldehyde (9AA) exhibited reaction front propagation on the optical length scale, while 9-methylanthracene and 9-acetylanthracene crystals underwent spatially homogeneous conversion. Moreover, the sigmoidal behavior in the absorbance change associated with the reaction was much pronounced in the case of 9CA and 9AA and correlated with the observation of heterogeneous reaction progress. A kinetic analysis based on the Finke-Watzky model showed that the effective quantum yield of the photochemical reaction changes by more than an order of magnitude during the course of the reaction in 9CA and 9AA. Both the reaction front propagation and nonlinear kinetic behavior could be rationalized in terms of the difference in the cooperativity of the reactions. We propose a plausible mechanism for the heterogeneous reaction progress in single crystals that depends on the magnitude of the conformational change required for reaction. Our results provide useful information to understand the connection between photochemical reaction progress in the crystalline phase and the dynamic changes in the physicochemical properties.

Published
2024

27. Building Better Bridges: Outcomes of a Community-Partnered New School Transition Intervention for Students on the Autism Spectrum

Author

Nuske, Heather J, Smith, Tristram, Levato, Lynne, Bronstein, Briana, Sparapani, Nicole, Garcia, Consuelo, Castellon, Fernanda, Lee, Hyon Soo, Vejnoska, Sarah F, Hochheimer, Samantha, Fitzgerald, Amber R, Chiappe, Jenny C, Nunnally, Amanda Dimachkie, Li, Jennica, Shih, Wendy, Brown, Ashlee, Cullen, Michelle, Hund, Lisa M, Stahmer, Aubyn C, Iadarola, Suzannah, Mandell, David S, Hassrick, Elizabeth McGhee, Kataoka, Sheryl, and Kasari, Connie

Subjects
Education, Specialist Studies In Education, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Mental Health, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Brain Disorders, Autism, School transitions, Parent coaching, Transition planning, Team coordination, Community-partnered, Social determinants of health, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Developmental & Child Psychology, Health sciences, Psychology
Abstract

New school transitions can be challenging for students on the autism spectrum. No published, evidence-based interventions exist to support families and teachers of students transitioning to elementary and secondary school during this critical period. Using Community Partnered Participatory Research, we developed Building Better Bridges (BBB), a caregiver coaching intervention that includes training on effective school communication, educational rights, advocacy, and child preparation strategies. We compared BBB (n = 83) to a module/resources-only comparison (n = 87) in a four-site randomized controlled trial in racially and ethnically diverse, under-resourced communities. In our intent-to-treat analysis, caregivers and teachers in BBB rated students' transitions to the new classroom as more positive, relative to the comparison group. Results suggest this low-cost intervention can improve the transition process for families and students at high risk of poor transitions.

Published
2024

28. Fast characterization of multiplexed single-electron pumps with machine learning

Author

Schoinas, N., Rath, Y., Norimoto, S., Xie, W., See, P., Griffiths, J. P., Chen, C., Ritchie, D. A., Kataoka, M., Rossi, A., and Rungger, I.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We present an efficient machine learning based automated framework for the fast tuning of single-electron pump devices into current quantization regimes. It uses a sparse measurement approach based on an iterative active learning algorithm to take targeted measurements in the gate voltage parameter space. When compared to conventional parameter scans, our automated framework allows us to decrease the number of measurement points by about an order of magnitude. This corresponds to an eight-fold decrease in the time required to determine quantization errors, which are estimated via an exponential extrapolation of the first current plateau embedded into the algorithm. We show the robustness of the framework by characterizing 28 individual devices arranged in a GaAs/AlGaAs multiplexer array, which we use to identify a subset of devices suitable for parallel operation at communal gate voltages. The method opens up the possibility to efficiently scale the characterization of such multiplexed devices to a large number of pumps., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

Published
2024
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29. First joint oscillation analysis of Super-Kamiokande atmospheric and T2K accelerator neutrino data

Author

Super-Kamiokande, collaborations, T2K, Abe, S., Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Alarakia-Charles, H., Ali, A., Hakim, Y. I. Alj, Monsalve, S. Alonso, Amanai, S., Andreopoulos, C., Anthony, L. H. V., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Apte, K. A., Arai, T., Arihara, T., Arimoto, S., Asada, Y., Asaka, R., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Babu, N., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Bates, P., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Beauchêne, A., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bhuiyan, N., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bodur, B., Bolognesi, S., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Burton, G. T., Caballero, J. A., Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carabadjac, D., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Casado, M. P., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Chalumeau, A., Chen, S., Cherdack, D., Choi, K., Chong, P. S., Chvirova, A., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cormier, F., Cudd, A., Dalmazzone, C., Daret, T., Dasgupta, P., Davis, C., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Dharmapal, R., Di Lodovico, F., Lopez, G. Diaz, Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Duffy, K. E., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., D'ago, D., Edwards, R., Eguchi, A., Elias, J., Emery-Schrenk, S., Erofeev, G., Ershova, A., Eurin, G., Fannon, J. E. P., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Feltre, M., Feng, J., Feng, L., Ferlewicz, D., Fernandez, P., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M. D., Patiño, J. M. Franco, Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fujisawa, C., Fujita, S., Fukuda, Y., Furui, Y., Gao, J., Gaur, R., Giampaolo, A., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Goldsack, A., Gonin, M., Rosa, J. González, Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Gorshanov, K., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Grassi, M., Griskevich, N. J., Guigue, M., Hadley, D., Haigh, J. T., Han, S., Harada, M., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Heitkamp, I., Henaff, D., Hill, J., Hino, Y., Hiraide, K., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Horiuchi, S., Hosokawa, K., Hu, Z., Hu, J., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Iovine, N., Ishida, T., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ishizuka, T., Ito, H., Itow, Y., Izmaylov, A., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, M. C., Jang, J. S., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Ji, J. Y., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jonsson, P., Joshi, S., Jung, C. K., Jung, S., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Karpova, S., Kasetti, S. P., Kashiwagi, Y., Kasturi, V. S., Kataoka, Y., Katori, T., Kawamura, Y., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kim, S. B., King, S., Kiseeva, V., Kisiel, J., Kneale, L., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Kobayashi, M., Koch, L., Kodama, S., Kolupanova, M., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Koto, T., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kudo, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kurochka, V., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwon, E., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lachat, M., Lachner, K., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., LamersJames, M., Langella, A., Laporte, J. -F., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Learned, J. G., Lee, Y., Lee, S. H., Silverio, D. Leon, Levorato, S., Lewis, S., Li, X., Li, W., Lin, C., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Liu, Y. M., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Moreno, A. Lopez, Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Mahtani, K. K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, D. G. R., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Martini, M., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Mattiazzi, M., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J. M., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Mijakowski, P., Miki, S., Miller, E., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mirabito, J., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moon, D. H., Mori, M., Moriyama, S., Morrison, P., Muñoz, A., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, Y., Nagai, K., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakamura, T., Nakanishi, F., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Nguyen, D. T., Nicholson, M., Niewczas, K., Ninomiya, K., Nishijima, K., Nishimori, S., Nishimura, Y., Noguchi, Y., Nosek, T., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., Odagawa, T., Okazaki, R., Okazawa, H., Okinaga, W., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ommura, Y., Onda, N., Ospina, N., Osu, L., Oyama, Y., O'Flaherty, M., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Périssé, L., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Park, R. G., Parlone, J., Pasternak, J., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., de Perio, P., Pershey, D., Pfaff, M., Pickering, L., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Pointon, B. W., Popov, B., Yrey, A. Portocarrero, Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Prasad, H., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Pupilli, F., Quilain, B., Quyen, P. T., Raaf, J. L., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ramirez, M. A., Ramsden, R. M., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Richards, B., Rogly, R., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Roy, N., Rubbia, A., Russo, L., Rychter, A., Saenz, W., Sakai, S., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Santos, A. D., Sato, Y., Sato, K., Schefke, T., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shi, W., Shiba, H., Shibayama, R., Shigeta, N., Shima, S., Shimamura, R., Shimizu, K., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Shiraishi, Y., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Smyczek, D., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Speers, A. J., Spina, R., Stroke, Y., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Sánchez, F., Tada, T., Tada, M., Tairafune, S., Takagi, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Takhistov, V., Takifuji, K., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. K., Tanigawa, H., Taniuchi, N., Tano, T., Tarrant, A., Tashiro, T., Teklu, A., Terada, K., Tereshchenko, V. V., Thamm, N., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Tomiya, T., Touramanis, C., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Vargas, D., Varghese, M., Vasseur, G., Villa, E., Vinning, W. G. S., Virginet, U., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Wakabayashi, D., Wallace, H. T., Walsh, J. G., Walter, C. W., Wan, L., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Watanabe, E., Weber, A., Wendell, R. A., Wester, T., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, S. T., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Wu, Y., Xia, J., Xie, Z., Xu, B. D., Xu, Y. -H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yamauchi, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yankelevich, A., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, J., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, S., Yoshimoto, Y., Yoshimura, N., Yoshioka, Y., Yu, M., Yu, I., Zaki, R., Zaldivar, B., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhang, J., Zhang, A. Q., Zhang, B., Zhao, X. Y., Zhong, H., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Super-Kamiokande and T2K collaborations present a joint measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters from their atmospheric and beam neutrino data. It uses a common interaction model for events overlapping in neutrino energy and correlated detector systematic uncertainties between the two datasets, which are found to be compatible. Using 3244.4 days of atmospheric data and a beam exposure of $19.7(16.3) \times 10^{20}$ protons on target in (anti)neutrino mode, the analysis finds a 1.9$\sigma$ exclusion of CP-conservation (defined as $J_{CP}=0$) and a preference for the normal mass ordering., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

30. On the Galois module structure of minus class groups

Author

Greither, Cornelius and Kataoka, Takenori

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, 11R29 (Primary) 11R33 (Secondary)
Abstract

The main object of this paper is the minus class groups associated to CM-fields as Galois modules. In a previous article of the authors, we introduced a notion of equivalence for modules and determined the equivalence classes of the minus class groups. In this paper, we show a concrete application of this result. We also study how large a proportion of equivalence classes can be realized as classes of minus class groups., Comment: 28 pages

Published
2024

31. Combined Pre-Supernova Alert System with Kamland and Super-Kamiokande

Author

KamLAND, Collaborations, Super-Kamiokande, Abe, Seisho, Eizuka, Minori, Futagi, Sawako, Gando, Azusa, Gando, Yoshihito, Goto, Shun, Hachiya, Takahiko, Hata, Kazumi, Ichimura, Koichi, Ieki, Sei, Ikeda, Haruo, Inoue, Kunio, Ishidoshiro, Koji, Kamei, Yuto, Kawada, Nanami, Kishimoto, Yasuhiro, Koga, Masayuki, Kurasawa, Maho, Mitsui, Tadao, Miyake, Haruhiko, Morita, Daisuke, Nakahata, Takeshi, Nakajima, Rika, Nakamura, Kengo, Nakamura, Rikuo, Nakamura, Ryo, Nakane, Jun, Ozaki, Hideyoshi, Saito, Keita, Sakai, Taichi, Shimizu, Itaru, Shirai, Junpei, Shiraishi, Kensuke, Shoji, Ryunosuke, Suzuki, Atsuto, Takeuchi, Atsuto, Tamae, Kyoko, Watanabe, Hiroko, Watanabe, Kazuho, Yoshida, Sei, Umehara, Saori, Fushimi, Ken-Ichi, Kotera, Kenta, Urano, Yusuke, Berger, Bruce E., Fujikawa, Brian K., Larned, John G., Maricic, Jelena, Fu, Zhenghao, Smolsky, Joseph, Winslow, Lindley A., Efremenko, Yuri, Karwowski, Hugon J., Markoff, Diane M., Tornow, Werner, Dell'Oro, Stefano, O'Donnell, Thomas, Detwiler, Jason A., Enomoto, Sanshiro, Decowski, Michal P., Weerman, Kelly M., Grant, Christopher, Song, Hasung, Li, Aobo, Axani, Spencer N., Garcia, Miles, Abe, Ko, Bronner, Christophe, Hayato, Yoshinari, Hiraide, Katsuki, Hosokawa, Keishi, Ieki, Kei, Ikeda, Motoyasu, Kameda, June, Kanemura, Yuki, Kaneshima, Ryota, Kashiwagi, Yuri, Kataoka, Yousuke, Miki, Shintaro, Mine, Shunichi, Miura, Makoto, Moriyama, Shigetaka, Nakahata, Masayuki, Nakano, Yuuki, Nakayama, Shoei, Noguchi, Yohei, Sato, Kazufumi, Sekiya, Hiroyuki, Shiba, Hayato, Shimizu, Kotaro, Shiozawa, Masato, Sonoda, Yutaro, Suzuki, Yoichiro, Takeda, Atsushi, Takemoto, Yasuhiro, Tanaka, Hidekazu K., Yano, Takatomi, Han, Seungho, Kajita, Takaaki, Okumura, Kimihiro, Tashiro, Takuya, Tomiya, Takuya, Wang, Xubin, Yoshida, Shunsuke, Fernandez, Pablo, Labarga, Luis, Ospina, Nataly, Zaldivar, Bryan, Pointon, Barry W., Kearns, Edward, Raaf, Jennifer L., Wan, Linyan, Wester, Thomas, Bian, Jianming, Griskevich, Jeff, Smy, Michael B., Sobel, Henry W., Takhistov, Volodymyr, Yankelevich, Alejandro, Hill, James, Jang, MinCheol, Lee, Seonghak, Moon, DongHo, Park, RyeongGyoon, Bodur, Baran, Scholberg, Kate, Walter, Chris W., Beauchêne, Antoine, Drapier, Olivier, Giampaolo, Alberto, Mueller, Thomas A., Santos, Andrew D., Paganini, Pascal, Quilain, Benjamin, Rogly, Rudolph, Nakamura, Taku, Jang, Jee-Seung, Machado, Lucas N., Learned, John G., Choi, Koun, Iovine, Nadege, Cao, Son V., Anthony, Lauren H. V., Martin, Daniel G. R., Prouse, Nick W., Scott, Mark, Uchida, Yoshi, Berardi, Vincenzo, Calabria, Nicola F., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, Emilio, Langella, Aurora, de Rosa, Gianfranca, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Feltre, Matteo, Iacob, Fabio, Mattiazzi, Marco, Ludovici, Lucio, Gonin, Michel, Périssé, Lorenzo, Pronost, Guillaume, Fujisawa, Chiori, Horiuchi, Shogo, Kobayashi, Misaki, Liu, Yu-Ming, Maekawa, Yuto, Nishimura, Yasuhiro, Okazaki, Reo, Akutsu, Ryosuke, Friend, Megan, Hasegawa, Takuya, Ishida, Taku, Kobayashi, Takashi, Jakkapu, Mahesh, Matsubara, Tsunayuki, Nakadaira, Takeshi, Nakamura, Kenzo, Oyama, Yuichi, Sakashita, Ken, Sekiguchi, Tetsuro, Tsukamoto, Toshifumi, Yrey, Antoniosk Portocarrero, Bhuiyan, Nahid, Burton, George T., Di Lodovico, Francesca, Gao, Joanna, Goldsack, Alexander, Katori, Teppei, Migenda, Jost, Ramsden, Rory M., Xie, Zhenxiong, Zsoldos, Stephane, Suzuki, Atsumu T., Takagi, Yusuke, Takeuchi, Yasuo, Zhong, Haiwen, Feng, Jiahui, Feng, Li-Cheng, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Zhuojun, Kawaue, Masaki, Kikawa, Tatsuya, Mori, Masamitsu, Nakaya, Tsuyoshi, Wendell, Roger A., Yasutome, Kenji, Jenkins, Sam J., McCauley, Neil K., Mehta, Pruthvi, Tarrant, Adam, Wilking, Mike J., Fukuda, Yoshiyuki, Itow, Yoshitaka, Menjo, Hiroaki, Ninomiya, Kotaro, Yoshioka, Yushi, Lagoda, Justyna, Mandal, Maitrayee, Mijakowski, Piotr, Prabhu, Yashwanth S., Zalipska, Joanna, Jia, Mo, Jiang, Junjie, Shi, Wei, Yanagisawa, Chiaki, Harada, Masayuki, Hino, Yota, Ishino, Hirokazu, Koshio, Yusuke, Nakanishi, Fumi, Sakai, Seiya, Tada, Tomoaki, Tano, Tomohiro, Ishizuka, Takeharu, Barr, Giles, Barrow, Daniel, Cook, Laurence, Samani, Soniya, Wark, David, Holin, Anna, Nova, Federico, Jung, Seunghyun, Yang, Byeongsu, Yang, JeongYeol, Yoo, Jonghee, Fannon, Jack E. P., Kneale, Liz, Malek, Matthew, McElwee, Jordan M., Thiesse, Matthew D., Thompson, Lee F., Wilson, Stephen T., Okazawa, Hiroko, Mohan, Lakshmi S., Kim, SooBong, Kwon, Eunhyang, Seo, Ji-Woong, Yu, Intae, Ichikawa, Atsuko K., Nakamura, Kiseki D., Tairafune, Seidai, Nishijima, Kyoshi, Eguchi, Aoi, Nakagiri, Kota, Nakajima, Yasuhiro, Shima, Shizuka, Taniuchi, Natsumi, Watanabe, Eiichiro, Yokoyama, Masashi, de Perio, Patrick, Fujita, Saki, Jesus-Valls, Cesar, Martens, Kai, Tsui, Ka M., Vagins, Mark R., Xia, Junjie, Izumiyama, Shota, Kuze, Masahiro, Matsumoto, Ryo, Terada, Kotaro, Asaka, Ryusei, Ishitsuka, Masaki, Ito, Hiroshi, Ommura, Yuga, Shigeta, Natsuki, Shinoki, Masataka, Yamauchi, Koki, Yoshida, Tsukasa, Gaur, Rhea, Gousy-Leblan, Vincent, Hartz, Mark, Konaka, Akira, Li, Xiaoyue, Chen, Shaomin, Xu, Benda, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Bin, Posiadala-Zezula, Magdalena, Boyd, Steven B., Edwards, Rory, Hadley, David, Nicholson, Matthew, O'Flaherty, Marcus, Richards, Benjamin, Ali, Ajmi, Jamieson, Blair, Amanai, Shogo, Marti-Magro, Lluis, Minamino, Akihiro, Shibayama, Ryo, and Suzuki, Serina

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Preceding a core-collapse supernova, various processes produce an increasing amount of neutrinos of all flavors characterized by mounting energies from the interior of massive stars. Among them, the electron antineutrinos are potentially detectable by terrestrial neutrino experiments such as KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande via inverse beta decay interactions. Once these pre-supernova neutrinos are observed, an early warning of the upcoming core-collapse supernova can be provided. In light of this, KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande, both located in the Kamioka mine in Japan, have been monitoring pre-supernova neutrinos since 2015 and 2021, respectively. Recently, we performed a joint study between KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande on pre-supernova neutrino detection. A pre-supernova alert system combining the KamLAND detector and the Super-Kamiokande detector was developed and put into operation, which can provide a supernova alert to the astrophysics community. Fully leveraging the complementary properties of these two detectors, the combined alert is expected to resolve a pre-supernova neutrino signal from a 15 M$_{\odot}$ star within 510 pc of the Earth, at a significance level corresponding to a false alarm rate of no more than 1 per century. For a Betelgeuse-like model with optimistic parameters, it can provide early warnings up to 12 hours in advance., Comment: Resubmitted to ApJ. 22 pages, 16 figures, for more information about the combined pre-supernova alert system, see https://www.lowbg.org/presnalarm/

Published
2024
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32. Watermark-embedded Adversarial Examples for Copyright Protection against Diffusion Models

Author

Zhu, Peifei, Takahashi, Tsubasa, and Kataoka, Hirokatsu

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Diffusion Models (DMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in various image-generation tasks. However, there are growing concerns that DMs could be used to imitate unauthorized creations and thus raise copyright issues. To address this issue, we propose a novel framework that embeds personal watermarks in the generation of adversarial examples. Such examples can force DMs to generate images with visible watermarks and prevent DMs from imitating unauthorized images. We construct a generator based on conditional adversarial networks and design three losses (adversarial loss, GAN loss, and perturbation loss) to generate adversarial examples that have subtle perturbation but can effectively attack DMs to prevent copyright violations. Training a generator for a personal watermark by our method only requires 5-10 samples within 2-3 minutes, and once the generator is trained, it can generate adversarial examples with that watermark significantly fast (0.2s per image). We conduct extensive experiments in various conditional image-generation scenarios. Compared to existing methods that generate images with chaotic textures, our method adds visible watermarks on the generated images, which is a more straightforward way to indicate copyright violations. We also observe that our adversarial examples exhibit good transferability across unknown generative models. Therefore, this work provides a simple yet powerful way to protect copyright from DM-based imitation., Comment: updated references

Published
2024

33. Development of a data overflow protection system for Super-Kamiokande to maximize data from nearby supernovae

Author

Mori, M., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hosokawa, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Kashiwagi, Y., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakano, Y., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Noguchi, Y., Okamoto, K., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiba, H., Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Tanaka, H., Watanabe, S., Yano, T., Han, S., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Tomiya, T., Wang, X., Yoshida, S., Megias, G. D., Fernandez, P., Labarga, L., Ospina, N., Zaldivar, B., Pointon, B. W., Kearns, E., Raaf, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Locke, S., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Yankelevich, A., Hill, J., Jang, M. C., Lee, S. H., Moon, D. H., Park, R. G., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Beauchene, A., Drapier, O., Giampaolo, A., Mueller, Th. A., Santos, A. D., Paganini, P., Quilain, B., Rogly, R., Ishizuka, T., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Learned, J. G., Choi, K., Iovine, N., Cao, S., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Scott, M., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Berardi, V., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Calabria, N. F., Langella, A., Machado, L. N., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Iacob, F., Lamoureux, M., Mattiazzi, M., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Perisse, L., Pronost, G., Fujisawa, C., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Okazaki, R., Akutsu, R., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Bhuiyan, N., Burton, G. T., Edwards, R., Di Lodovico, F., Gao, J., Goldsack, A., Katori, T., Migenda, J., Ramsden, R. M., Xie, Z., Zsoldos, S., Kotsar, Y., Ozaki, H., Suzuki, A. T., Takagi, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Zhong, H., Bronner, C., Feng, J., Hu, J. R., Hu, Z., Kawaune, M., Kikawa, T., LiCheng, F., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Jenkins, S. J., McCauley, N., Mehta, P., Tarant, A., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Ninomiya, K., Yoshioka, Y., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., Mandal, M., Mijakowski, P., Prabhu, Y. S., Zalipska, J., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Shi, W., Wilking, M. J., Yanagisawa, C., Harada, M., Hino, Y., Ishino, H., Kitagawa, H., Koshio, Y., Nakanishi, F., Sakai, S., Tada, T., Tano, T., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Samani, S., Wark, D., Holin, A., Nova, F., Jung, S., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yoo, J., Fannon, J. E. P., Kneale, L., Malek, M., McElwee, J. M., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Wilson, S., Okazawa, H., Kim, S. B., Kwon, E., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Nakamura, K. D., Tairafune, S., Nishijima, K., Eguchi, A., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Shima, S., Taniuchi, N., Watanabe, E., Yokoyama, M., de Perio, P., Fujita, S., Martens, K., Tsui, K. M., Vagins, M. R., Valls, C. J., Xia, J., Kuze, M., Izumiyama, S., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Kinoshita, T., Matsumoto, R., Ommura, Y., Shigeta, N., Shinoki, M., Suganuma, T., Yamauchi, K., Yoshida, T., Martin, J. F., Tanaka, H. A., Towstego, T., Gaur, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Li, X., Prouse, N. W., Chen, S., Xu, B. D., Zhang, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Boyd, S. B., Hadley, D., Nicholson, M., Flaherty, M. O', Richards, B., Ali, A., Jamieson, B., Amanai, S., Marti, Ll., Minamino, A., Pintaudi, G., Sano, S., Suzuki, S., and Wada, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Neutrinos from very nearby supernovae, such as Betelgeuse, are expected to generate more than ten million events over 10\,s in Super-Kamokande (SK). At such large event rates, the buffers of the SK analog-to-digital conversion board (QBEE) will overflow, causing random loss of data that is critical for understanding the dynamics of the supernova explosion mechanism. In order to solve this problem, two new DAQ modules were developed to aid in the observation of very nearby supernovae. The first of these, the SN module, is designed to save only the number of hit PMTs during a supernova burst and the second, the Veto module, prescales the high rate neutrino events to prevent the QBEE from overflowing based on information from the SN module. In the event of a very nearby supernova, these modules allow SK to reconstruct the time evolution of the neutrino event rate from beginning to end using both QBEE and SN module data. This paper presents the development and testing of these modules together with an analysis of supernova-like data generated with a flashing laser diode. We demonstrate that the Veto module successfully prevents DAQ overflows for Betelgeuse-like supernovae as well as the long-term stability of the new modules. During normal running the Veto module is found to issue DAQ vetos a few times per month resulting in a total dead time less than 1\,ms, and does not influence ordinary operations. Additionally, using simulation data we find that supernovae closer than 800~pc will trigger Veto module resulting in a prescaling of the observed neutrino data., Comment: 28 pages, 18 figures. Submitted to PTEP

Published
2024
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34. Minimal resolutions of Iwasawa modules

Author

Kataoka, Takenori and Kurihara, Masato

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, 11R23
Abstract

In this paper, we study the module-theoretic structure of classical Iwasawa modules. More precisely, for a finite abelian $p$-extension $K/k$ of totally real fields and the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension $K_{\infty}/K$, we consider $X_{K_{\infty},S}={\rm Gal}(M_{K_{\infty},S}/K_{\infty})$ where $S$ is a finite set of places of $k$ containing all ramifying places in $K_{\infty}$ and archimedean places, and $M_{K_{\infty},S}$ is the maximal abelian pro-$p$-extension of $K_{\infty}$ unramified outside $S$. We give lower and upper bounds of the minimal numbers of generators and of relations of $X_{K_{\infty},S}$ as a $\mathbb{Z}_p[[{\rm Gal}(K_{\infty}/k)]]$-module, using the $p$-rank of ${\rm Gal}(K/k)$. This result explains the complexity of $X_{K_{\infty},S}$ as a $\mathbb{Z}_p[[{\rm Gal}(K_{\infty}/k)]]$-module when the $p$-rank of ${\rm Gal}(K/k)$ is large. Moreover, we prove an analogous theorem in the setting that $K/k$ is non-abelian. We also study the Iwasawa adjoint of $X_{K_{\infty},S}$, and the minus part of the unramified Iwasawa module for a CM-extension. In order to prove these theorems, we systematically study the minimal resolutions of $X_{K_{\infty},S}$., Comment: 23 pages

Published
2024

35. Measurements of the charge ratio and polarization of cosmic-ray muons with the Super-Kamiokande detector

Author

Kitagawa, H., Tada, T., Abe, K., Bronner, C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hosokawa, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Kashiwagi, Y., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakano, Y., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Noguchi, Y., Okamoto, K., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiba, H., Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Tanaka, H., Watanabe, S., Yano, T., Han, S., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Tomiya, T., Wang, X., Yoshida, S., Megias, G. D., Fernandez, P., Labarga, L., Ospina, N., Zaldivar, B., Pointon, B. W., Kearns, E., Raaf, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Locke, S., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Yankelevich, A., Hill, J., Jang, M. C., Lee, S. H., Moon, D. H., Park, R. G., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Beauchêne, A., Drapier, O., Giampaolo, A., Mueller, Th. A., Santos, A. D., Paganini, P., Quilain, B., Rogly, R., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Machado, L. N., Learned, J. G., Choi, K., Iovine, N., Cao, S., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Prouse, N. W., Scott, M., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Berardi, V., Calabria, N. F., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Langella, A., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Iacob, F., Lamoureux, M., Mattiazzi, M., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Périssé, L., Pronost, G., Fujisawa, C., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Okazaki, R., Akutsu, R., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Bhuiyan, N., Burton, G. T., Di Lodovico, F., Gao, J., Goldsack, A., Katori, T., Migenda, J., Ramsden, R. M., Xie, Z., Zsoldos, S., Kotsar, Y., Ozaki, H., Suzuki, A. T., Takagi, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Zhong, H., Feng, J., Feng, L., Hu, J. R., Hu, Z., Kawaue, M., Kikawa, T., Mori, M., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Jenkins, S. J., McCauley, N., Mehta, P., Tarant, A., Wilking, M. J., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Ninomiya, K., Yoshioka, Y., Lagoda, J., Mandal, M., Mijakowski, P., Prabhu, Y. S., Zalipska, J., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Shi, W., Yanagisawa, C., Harada, M., Hino, Y., Ishino, H., Koshio, Y., Nakanishi, F., Sakai, S., Tano, T., Ishizuka, T., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Samani, S., Wark, D., Holin, A., Nova, F., Jung, S., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yoo, J., Fannon, J. E. P., Kneale, L., Malek, M., McElwee, J. M., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Wilson, S. T., Okazawa, H., Lakshmi, S. M., Kim, S. B., Kwon, E., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Nakamura, K. D., Tairafune, S., Nishijima, K., Eguchi, A., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Shima, S., Taniuchi, N., Watanabe, E., Yokoyama, M., de Perio, P., Fujita, S., Jesús-Valls, C., Martens, K., Tsui, K. M., Vagins, M. R., Xia, J., Izumiyama, S., Kuze, M., Matsumoto, R., Terada, K., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Kinoshita, T., Ommura, Y., Shigeta, N., Shinoki, M., Suganuma, T., Yamauchi, K., Yoshida, T., Martin, J. F., Tanaka, H. A., Towstego, T., Gaur, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Li, X., Chen, S., Xu, B. D., Zhang, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Boyd, S. B., Edwards, R., Hadley, D., Nicholson, M., O'Flaherty, M., Richards, B., Ali, A., Jamieson, B., Amanai, S., Marti, Ll., Minamino, A., Pintaudi, G., Sano, S., Suzuki, S., and Wada, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the results of the charge ratio ($R$) and polarization ($P^{\mu}_{0}$) measurements using the decay electron events collected from 2008 September to 2022 June by the Super-Kamiokande detector. Because of its underground location and long operation, we performed high precision measurements by accumulating cosmic-ray muons. We measured the muon charge ratio to be $R=1.32 \pm 0.02$ $(\mathrm{stat.}{+}\mathrm{syst.})$ at $E_{\mu}\cos \theta_{\mathrm{Zenith}}=0.7^{+0.3}_{-0.2}$ $\mathrm{TeV}$, where $E_{\mu}$ is the muon energy and $\theta_{\mathrm{Zenith}}$ is the zenith angle of incoming cosmic-ray muons. This result is consistent with the Honda flux model while this suggests a tension with the $\pi K$ model of $1.9\sigma$. We also measured the muon polarization at the production location to be $P^{\mu}_{0}=0.52 \pm 0.02$ $(\mathrm{stat.}{+}\mathrm{syst.})$ at the muon momentum of $0.9^{+0.6}_{-0.1}$ $\mathrm{TeV}/c$ at the surface of the mountain; this also suggests a tension with the Honda flux model of $1.5\sigma$. This is the most precise measurement ever to experimentally determine the cosmic-ray muon polarization near $1~\mathrm{TeV}/c$. These measurement results are useful to improve the atmospheric neutrino simulations., Comment: 29 pages, 45 figures

Published
2024
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36. Second gadolinium loading to Super-Kamiokande

Author

Abe, K., Bronner, C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hosokawa, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Kashiwagi, Y., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakano, Y., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Noguchi, Y., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiba, H., Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Tanaka, H., Yano, T., Han, S., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Tomiya, T., Wang, X., Yoshida, S., Fernandez, P., Labarga, L., Ospina, N., Zaldivar, B., Pointon, B. W., Kearns, E., Raaf, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Yankelevich, A., Hill, J., Jang, M. C., Lee, S. H., Moon, D. H., Park, R. G., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Beauchene, A., Drapier, O., Giampaolo, A., Mueller, Th. A., Santos, A. D., Paganini, P., Quilain, B., Rogly, R., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Machado, L. N., Learned, J. G., Choi, K., Iovine, N., Cao, S., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Prouse, N. W., Scott, M., Uchida, Y., Berardi, V., Calabria, N. F., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Langella, A., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Iacob, F., Mattiazzi, M., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Perisse, L., Pronost, G., Fujisawa, C., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Okazaki, R., Akutsu, R., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Bhuiyan, N., Burton, G. T., Di Lodovico, F., Gao, J., Goldsack, A., Katori, T., Migenda, J., Ramsden, R. M., Xie, Z., Zsoldos, S., Suzuki, A. T., Takagi, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Zhong, H., Feng, J., Feng, L., Hu, J. R., Hu, Z., Kawaue, M., Kikawa, T., Mori, M., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Jenkins, S. J., McCauley, N., Mehta, P., Tarant, A., Wilking, M. J., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Ninomiya, K., Yoshioka, Y., Lagoda, J., Mandal, M., Mijakowski, P., Prabhu, Y. S., Zalipska, J., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Shi, W., Yanagisawa, C., Harada, M., Hino, Y., Ishino, H., Koshio, Y., Nakanishi, F., Sakai, S., Tada, T., Tano, T., Ishizuka, T., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Samani, S., Wark, D., Holin, A., Nova, F., Jung, S., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yoo, J., Fannon, J. E. P., Kneale, L., Malek, M., McElwee, J. M., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Wilson, S. T., Okazawa, H., Lakshmi, S. M., Kim, S. B., Kwon, E., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Tairafune, S., Nishijima, K., Eguchi, A., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Shima, S., Taniuchi, N., Watanabe, E., Yokoyama, M., de Perio, P., Fujita, S., Jesus-Valls, C., Martens, K., Tsui, K. M., Vagins, M. R., Xia, J., Izumiyama, S., Kuze, M., Matsumoto, R., Terada, K., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ommura, Y., Shigeta, N., Shinoki, M., Yamauchi, K., Yoshida, T., Gaur, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Li, X., Chen, S., Xu, B. D., Zhang, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Boyd, S. B., Edwards, R., Hadley, D., Nicholson, M., O'Flaherty, M., Richards, B., Ali, A., Jamieson, B., Amanai, S., Marti, Ll., Minamino, A., Suzuki, S., Scovell, P. R., Meehan, E., Bandac, I., Pena-Garay, C., Perez, J., Gileva, O., Lee, E. K., Leonard, D. S., Sakakieda, Y., Sakaguchi, A., Sueki, K., Takaku, Y., and Yamasaki, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The first loading of gadolinium (Gd) into Super-Kamiokande in 2020 was successful, and the neutron capture efficiency on Gd reached 50\%. To further increase the Gd neutron capture efficiency to 75\%, 26.1 tons of $\rm Gd_2(\rm SO_4)_3\cdot \rm 8H_2O$ was additionally loaded into Super-Kamiokande (SK) from May 31 to July 4, 2022. As the amount of loaded $\rm Gd_2(\rm SO_4)_3\cdot \rm 8H_2O$ was doubled compared to the first loading, the capacity of the powder dissolving system was doubled. We also developed new batches of gadolinium sulfate with even further reduced radioactive impurities. In addition, a more efficient screening method was devised and implemented to evaluate these new batches of $\rm Gd_2(\rm SO_4)_3\cdot \rm 8H_2O$. Following the second loading, the Gd concentration in SK was measured to be $333.5\pm2.5$ ppm via an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). From the mean neutron capture time constant of neutrons from an Am/Be calibration source, the Gd concentration was independently measured to be 332.7 $\pm$ 6.8(sys.) $\pm$ 1.1(stat.) ppm, consistent with the AAS result. Furthermore, during the loading the Gd concentration was monitored continually using the capture time constant of each spallation neutron produced by cosmic-ray muons,and the final neutron capture efficiency was shown to become 1.5 times higher than that of the first loaded phase, as expected., Comment: 34 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A

Published
2024
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37. Performance of SK-Gd's Upgraded Real-time Supernova Monitoring System

Author

Kashiwagi, Y., Abe, K., Bronner, C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hosokawa, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakano, Y., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Noguchi, Y., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiba, H., Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Tanaka, H., Yano, T., Han, S., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Tomiya, T., Wang, X., Yoshida, S., Fernandez, P., Labarga, L., Ospina, N., Zaldivar, B., Pointn, B. W., Kearns, E., Raaf, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Locke, S., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Yankelevich, A., Hill, J., Jang, M. C., Lee, S. H., Moon, D. H., Park, R. G., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Beauchêne, A., Drapier, O., Giampaolo, A., Mueller, Th. A., Santos, A. D., Paganini, P., Quilain, B., Rogly, R., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Machado, L. N., Learned, J. G., Choi, K., Iovine, N., Cao, S., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Prouse, N. W., Scott, M., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Berardi, V., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Calabria, N. F., Langella, A., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Iacob, F., Mattiazzi, M., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Périssé, L., Pronost, G., Fujisawa, C., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Okazaki, R., Akutsu, R., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Bhuiyan, N., Burton, G. T., Di Lodovico, F., Gao, J., Goldsack, A., Katori, T., Migenda, J., Ramsden, R. M., Xie, Z., Zsoldos, S., Suzuki, A. T., Takagi, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Zhong, H., Feng, J., Feng, L., Hu, J. R., Hu, Z., Kawaue, M., Kikawa, T., Mori, M., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Jenkins, S. J., McCauley, N., Mehta, P., Tarrant, A., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Ninomiya, K., Yoshioka, Y., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., Mandal, M., Mijakowski, P., Prabhu, Y. S., Zalipska, J., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Shi, W., Wilking, M. J., Yanagisawa, C., Harada, M., Hino, Y., Ishino, H., Koshio, Y., Nakanishi, F., Sakai, S., Tada, T., Tano, T., Ishizuka, T., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Samani, S., Wark, D., Holin, A., Nova, F., Jung, S., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yoo, J., Fannon, J. E. P., Kneale, L., Malek, M., McElwee, J. M., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Wilson, S. T., Okazawa, H., Kim, S. B., Kwon, E., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Nakamura, K. D., Tairafune, S., Nishijima, K., Eguchi, A., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Shima, S., Taniuchi, N., Watanabe, E., Yokoyama, M., de Perio, P., Fujita, S., Jesús-Valls, C., Martens, K., Tsui, K. M., Vagins, M. R., Xia, J., Kuze, M., Izumiyama, S., Matsumoto, R., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ommura, Y., Shigeta, N., Shinoki, M., Yamauchi, K., Yoshida, T., Gaur, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Li, X., Chen, S., Xu, B. D., Zhang, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Boyd, S. B., Edwards, R., Hadley, D., Nicholson, M., O'Flaherty, M., Richards, B., Ali, A., Jamieson, B., Amanai, S., Marti, Ll., Minamino, A., and Suzuki, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Among multi-messenger observations of the next galactic core-collapse supernova, Super-Kamiokande (SK) plays a critical role in detecting the emitted supernova neutrinos, determining the direction to the supernova (SN), and notifying the astronomical community of these observations in advance of the optical signal. On 2022, SK has increased the gadolinium dissolved in its water target (SK-Gd) and has achieved a Gd concentration of 0.033%, resulting in enhanced neutron detection capability, which in turn enables more accurate determination of the supernova direction. Accordingly, SK-Gd's real-time supernova monitoring system (Abe te al. 2016b) has been upgraded. SK_SN Notice, a warning system that works together with this monitoring system, was released on December 13, 2021, and is available through GCN Notices (Barthelmy et al. 2000). When the monitoring system detects an SN-like burst of events, SK_SN Notice will automatically distribute an alarm with the reconstructed direction to the supernova candidate within a few minutes. In this paper, we present a systematic study of SK-Gd's response to a simulated galactic SN. Assuming a supernova situated at 10 kpc, neutrino fluxes from six supernova models are used to characterize SK-Gd's pointing accuracy using the same tools as the online monitoring system. The pointing accuracy is found to vary from 3-7$^\circ$ depending on the models. However, if the supernova is closer than 10 kpc, SK_SN Notice can issue an alarm with three-degree accuracy, which will benefit follow-up observations by optical telescopes with large fields of view., Comment: 38 pages, 29 figures, 6 tables

Published
2024

38. Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angel, L., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Arnesen, T. T. H., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnoli, G., Bonollo, A., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bringmann, T., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Bylund, T., Cailleux, J., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capasso, G., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cassol, F., Castaldini, L., Castrejon, N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P. M., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Colapietro, M., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dai, S., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., del Valle, M. V., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Diebold, S., Dinesh, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Ducci, L., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Errando, M., Escanuela, C., Escarate, P., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Furniss, A., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Galelli, C., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuffrida, R., Glicenstein, J. -F., Glombitza, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gradetzke, T., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grolleron, G., Guedes, L. M. V., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heß, B., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalekin, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kazanas, D., Kerszberg, D., Kieda, D. B., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Lazendic-Galloway, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lipniacka, A., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Majumdar, P., Mallamaci, M., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mestre, E., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nakamori, T., Nayak, A., Nemmen, R., Neto, J. P., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Otero-Santos, J., Oya, I., Pagano, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Peters, K. P., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pinchbeck, L., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Pollet, V., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Ricci, C., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiter, A. J., Rulten, C. B., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos-Lima, R., Sapienza, V., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Savarese, S., Scherer, A., Schiavone, F., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schubert, J. L., Schwanke, U., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seitenzahl, I. R., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Siegert, T., Siejkowski, H., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Hatlen, E. Sæther, Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Trois, A., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., Vallés, R., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vignatti, J., Vigorito, C. F., Villanueva, J., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, W., Zhdanov, V. I., Ziętara, K., Živec, M., and Zuriaga-Puig, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin., Comment: 44 pages JCAP style (excluding author list and references), 19 figures; minor changes to match published version

Published
2024
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39. The landscape of 142 Epstein–Barr viral whole genomes in gastric cancer

Author

Kojima, Yuki, Hamada, Motoharu, Naruse, Azumi, Goto, Kimitoshi, Khine, Htet Thiri, Arai, Haruto, Akutsu, Yuta, Satou, Akira, Nakaguro, Masato, Kato, Seiichi, Kodera, Yasuhiro, Yatabe, Yasushi, Torii, Yuka, Kawada, Jun-ichi, Murata, Takayuki, Kimura, Hiroshi, Takiguchi, Shuji, Inagaki, Hiroshi, Kataoka, Hiromi, and Okuno, Yusuke

Published
2024
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42. ctDNA-based molecular residual disease and survival in resectable colorectal cancer

Author

Nakamura, Yoshiaki, Watanabe, Jun, Akazawa, Naoya, Hirata, Keiji, Kataoka, Kozo, Yokota, Mitsuru, Kato, Kentaro, Kotaka, Masahito, Kagawa, Yoshinori, Yeh, Kun-Huei, Mishima, Saori, Yukami, Hiroki, Ando, Koji, Miyo, Masaaki, Misumi, Toshihiro, Yamazaki, Kentaro, Ebi, Hiromichi, Okita, Kenji, Hamabe, Atsushi, Sokuoka, Hiroki, Kobayashi, Satoshi, Laliotis, George, Aushev, Vasily N., Sharma, Shruti, Jurdi, Adham, Liu, Minetta C., Aleshin, Alexey, Rabinowitz, Matthew, Bando, Hideaki, Taniguchi, Hiroya, Takemasa, Ichiro, Kato, Takeshi, Kotani, Daisuke, Mori, Masaki, Yoshino, Takayuki, and Oki, Eiji

Published
2024
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44. Utility of a breast biopsy clip and a point marker system in tailored axillary surgery for patients with breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Author

Endo, Yuka, Kotani, Haruru, Tamura, Nobuko, Tanaka, Kiyo, Kudo, Chiho, Sawaki, Masataka, Hattori, Masaya, Yoshimura, Akiyo, Kataoka, Ayumi, Nozawa, Kazuki, Ozaki, Yuri, Isogai, Ayaka, Komaki, Rie, Nakakami, Akira, Kureyama, Nari, Kusudo, Maho, Hosoda, Waki, Kawabata, Hidetaka, and Iwata, Hiroji

Published
2024
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50. Protocol for the nationwide registry of patients with polycystic kidney disease: japanese national registry of PKD (JRP)

Author

Nakatani, Shinya, Kawano, Haruna, Sato, Mai, Hoshino, Junichi, Nishio, Saori, Miura, Kenichiro, Sekine, Akinari, Suwabe, Tatsuya, Hidaka, Sumi, Kataoka, Hiroshi, Ishikawa, Eiji, Shimazu, Keiji, Uchiyama, Kiyotaka, Fujimaru, Takuya, Moriyama, Tomofumi, Kurashige, Mahiro, Shimabukuro, Wataru, Hattanda, Fumihiko, Kimura, Tomoki, Ushio, Yusuke, Manabe, Shun, Watanabe, Hirofumi, Mitobe, Michihiro, Seta, Koichi, Shimada, Yosuke, Kai, Hirayasu, Katayama, Kan, Ichikawa, Daisuke, Hayashi, Hiroki, Hanaoka, Kazushige, Mochizuki, Toshio, Nakanishi, Koichi, Tsuchiya, Ken, Horie, Shigeo, Isaka, Yoshitaka, and Muto, Satoru

Published
2024
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