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This study investigates the mechanical properties and erosion resistance of high temperature–pressure carbon‐epoxy novolac insulation reinforced with ZrB2/SiC particles. For this reason, at first, five samples were fabricated using the hot press, which included resin epoxy novolac EPN1180 base without reinforcement and four samples containing resin with 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, and 50:50 of SiC: ZrB2 particles respectively. After manufacturing of the samples, the mechanical properties were evaluated through bending and tensile testing, followed by erosion resistance properties by the use of oxyacetylene flame erosion tests. Chemical composition and surface morphology analysis of the composites were conducted using energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and x‐ray diffraction analysis. Results indicate that the addition of ceramic particles enhances both mechanical properties and erosion resistance of the composite. The pure resin sample exhibited the highest weight loss and thickness reduction, while the sample containing 40% SiC and 60% ZrB2 demonstrated the least weight loss and thickness reduction about 55% and 83% respectively compared to pure sample. Additionally, the sample with 30% SiC and 70% ZrB2 had the lowest backside temperature. Furthermore, the sample with 20% SiC and 80% ZrB2 exhibited the highest mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 422.5 MPa and flexural strength of 587.11 MPa. Morphological analysis revealed the presence of phases such as SiO2, ZrO2, and ZrSiO4 attributable to the ZrB2/SiC particles, contributing to the enhancement of erosion resistance. Highlights: Examines volume ratios of ZrB2/SiC.Discovers the best particle ratio (20%SiC, 80%ZrB2) for mechanical properties.Identifies the best particle ratio (30% SiC, 70% ZrB2) for erosion resistance.Reveals key phases enhancing erosion resistance with advanced analysis methods.Linear and mass ablation rate improved by 83% and 55% (best formation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]