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1. The Next Generation Global Gravitational Wave Observatory: The Science Book

Author

Kalogera, Vicky, Sathyaprakash, B. S., Bailes, Matthew, Bizouard, Marie-Anne, Buonanno, Alessandra, Burrows, Adam, Colpi, Monica, Evans, Matt, Fairhurst, Stephen, Hild, Stefan, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Lehner, Luis, Mandel, Ilya, Mandic, Vuk, Nissanke, Samaya, Papa, Maria Alessandra, Reddy, Sanjay, Rosswog, Stephan, Broeck, Chris Van Den, Ajith, P., Anand, Shreya, Andreoni, Igor, Arun, K. G., Barausse, Enrico, Baryakhtar, Masha, Belgacem, Enis, Berry, Christopher P. L., Bertacca, Daniele, Brito, Richard, Caprini, Chiara, Chatziioannou, Katerina, Coughlin, Michael, Cusin, Giulia, Dietrich, Tim, Dirian, Yves, East, William E., Fan, Xilong, Figueroa, Daniel, Foffa, Stefano, Ghosh, Archisman, Hall, Evan, Harms, Jan, Harry, Ian, Hinderer, Tanja, Janka, Thomas, Justham, Stephen, Kasen, Dan, Kotake, Kei, Lovelace, Geoffrey, Maggiore, Michele, Mangiagli, Alberto, Mapelli, Michela, Maselli, Andrea, Matas, Andrew, McIver, Jess, Messer, Bronson, Mezzacappa, Tony, Mills, Cameron, Mueller, Bernhard, Müller, Ewald, Pürrer, Michael, Pani, Paolo, Pratten, Geraint, Regimbau, Tania, Sakellariadou, Mairi, Schneider, Raffaella, Sesana, Alberto, Shao, Lijing, Sotiriou, P. Thomas, Tamanini, Nicola, Tauris, Thomas, Thrane, Eric, Valiante, Rosa, van de Meent, Maarten, Varma, Vijay, Vines, Justin, Vitale, Salvatore, Yang, Huan, Yunes, Nicolas, Zumalacarregui, Miguel, Punturo, Michele, Reitze, David, Couvares, Peter, Katsanevas, Stavros, Kajita, Takaaki, Lueck, Harald, McClelland, David, Rowan, Sheila, Sanders, Gary, Shoemaker, David, and Brand, Jo van den

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

The next generation of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors will observe coalescences of black holes and neutron stars throughout the cosmos, thousands of them with exceptional fidelity. The Science Book is the result of a 3-year effort to study the science capabilities of networks of next generation detectors. Such networks would make it possible to address unsolved problems in numerous areas of physics and astronomy, from Cosmology to Beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, and how they could provide insights into workings of strongly gravitating systems, astrophysics of compact objects and the nature of dense matter. It is inevitable that observatories of such depth and finesse will make new discoveries inaccessible to other windows of observation. In addition to laying out the rich science potential of the next generation of detectors, this report provides specific science targets in five different areas in physics and astronomy and the sensitivity requirements to accomplish those science goals. This report is the second in a six part series of reports by the GWIC 3G Subcommittee: i) Expanding the Reach of Gravitational Wave Observatories to the Edge of the Universe, ii) The Next Generation Global Gravitational Wave Observatory: The Science Book (this report), iii) 3G R&D: R&D for the Next Generation of Ground-based Gravitational Wave Detectors, iv) Gravitational Wave Data Analysis: Computing Challenges in the 3G Era, v) Future Ground-based Gravitational-wave Observatories: Synergies with Other Scientific Communities, and vi) An Exploration of Possible Governance Models for the Future Global Gravitational-Wave Observatory Network., Comment: 69 pages, 18 figures

Published
2021

2. Multimessenger Universe with Gravitational Waves from Binaries

Author

Sathyaprakash, B. S., Bailes, Matthew, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Nissanke, Samaya, Anand, Shreya, Andreoni, Igor, Colpi, Monica, Coughlin, Michael, Hall, Evan, Kalogera, Vicky, Kasen, Dan, and Sesana, Alberto

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Future GW detector networks and EM observatories will provide a unique opportunity to observe the most luminous events in the Universe involving matter in extreme environs. They will address some of the key questions in physics and astronomy: formation and evolution of compact binaries, sites of formation of heavy elements and the physics of jets., Comment: 11 pages, two tables, White Paper submitted to the Astro-2020 (2020 Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey) by GWIC-3G Science Case Team (GWIC: Gravitational-Wave International Committee)

Published
2019

3. Catching Element Formation In The Act

Author

Fryer, Chris L., Timmes, Frank, Hungerford, Aimee L., Couture, Aaron, Adams, Fred, Aoki, Wako, Arcones, Almudena, Arnett, David, Auchettl, Katie, Avila, Melina, Badenes, Carles, Baron, Eddie, Bauswein, Andreas, Beacom, John, Blackmon, Jeff, Blondin, Stephane, Bloser, Peter, Boggs, Steve, Boss, Alan, Brandt, Terri, Bravo, Eduardo, Brown, Ed, Brown, Peter, Budtz-Jorgensen, Steve Bruenn. Carl, Burns, Eric, Calder, Alan, Caputo, Regina, Champagne, Art, Chevalier, Roger, Chieffi, Alessandro, Chipps, Kelly, Cinabro, David, Clarkson, Ondrea, Clayton, Don, Coc, Alain, Connolly, Devin, Conroy, Charlie, Cote, Benoit, Couch, Sean, Dauphas, Nicolas, deBoer, Richard James, Deibel, Catherine, Denisenkov, Pavel, Desch, Steve, Dessart, Luc, Diehl, Roland, Doherty, Carolyn, Dominguez, Inma, Dong, Subo, Dwarkadas, Vikram, Fan, Doreen, Fields, Brian, Fields, Carl, Filippenko, Alex, Fisher, Robert, Foucart, Francois, Fransson, Claes, Frohlich, Carla, Fuller, George, Gibson, Brad, Giryanskaya, Viktoriya, Gorres, Joachim, Goriely, Stephane, Grebenev, Sergei, Grefenstette, Brian, Grohs, Evan, Guillochon, James, Harpole, Alice, Harris, Chelsea, Harris, J. Austin, Harrison, Fiona, Hartmann, Dieter, Hashimoto, Masa-aki, Heger, Alexander, Hernanz, Margarita, Herwig, Falk, Hirschi, Raphael, Hix, Raphael William, Hoflich, Peter, Hoffman, Robert, Holcomb, Cole, Hsiao, Eric, Iliadis, Christian, Janiuk, Agnieszka, Janka, Thomas, Jerkstrand, Anders, Johns, Lucas, Jones, Samuel, Jose, Jordi, Kajino, Toshitaka, Karakas, Amanda, Karpov, Platon, Kasen, Dan, Kierans, Carolyn, Kippen, Marc, Korobkin, Oleg, Kobayashi, Chiaki, Kozma, Cecilia, Krot, Saha, Kumar, Pawan, Kuvvetli, Irfan, Laird, Alison, Laming, Martin, Larsson, Josefin, Lattanzio, John, Lattimer, James, Leising, Mark, Lennarz, Annika, Lentz, Eric, Limongi, Marco, Lippuner, Jonas, Livne, Eli, Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole, Longland, Richard, Lopez, Laura A., Lugaro, Maria, Lutovinov, Alexander, Madsen, Kristin, Malone, Chris, Matteucci, Francesca, McEnery, Julie, Meisel, Zach, Messer, Bronson, Metzger, Brian, Meyer, Bradley, Meynet, Georges, Mezzacappa, Anthony, Miller, Jonah, Miller, Richard, Milne, Peter, Misch, Wendell, Mitchell, Lee, Mosta, Philipp, Motizuki, Yuko, Muller, Bernhard, Mumpower, Matthew, Murphy, Jeremiah, Nagataki, Shigehiro, Nakar, Ehud, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Nugent, Peter, Nunes, Filomena, O'Shea, Brian, Oberlack, Uwe, Pain, Steven, Parker, Lucas, Perego, Albino, Pignatari, Marco, Pinedo, Gabriel Martinez, Plewa, Tomasz, Poznanski, Dovi, Priedhorsky, William, Pritychenko, Boris, Radice, David, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Rauscher, Thomas, Reddy, Sanjay, Rehm, Ernst, Reifarth, Rene, Richman, Debra, Ricker, Paul, Rijal, Nabin, Roberts, Luke, Ropke, Friedrich, Rosswog, Stephan, Ruiter, Ashley J., Ruiz, Chris, Savin, Daniel Wolf, Schatz, Hendrik, Schneider, Dieter, Schwab, Josiah, Seitenzahl, Ivo, Shen, Ken, Siegert, Thomas, Sim, Stuart, Smith, David, Smith, Karl, Smith, Michael, Sollerman, Jesper, Sprouse, Trevor, Spyrou, Artemis, Starrfield, Sumner, Steiner, Andrew, Strong, Andrew W., Sukhbold, Tuguldur, Suntzeff, Nick, Surman, Rebecca, Tanimori, Toru, The, Lih-Sin, Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl, Tolstov, Alexey, Tominaga, Nozomu, Tomsick, John, Townsley, Dean, Tsintari, Pelagia, Tsygankov, Sergey, Vartanyan, David, Venters, Tonia, Vestrand, Tom, Vink, Jacco, Waldman, Roni, Wang, Lifang, Wang, Xilu, Warren, MacKenzie, West, Christopher, Wheeler, J. Craig, Wiescher, Michael, Winkler, Christoph, Winter, Lisa, Wolf, Bill, Woolf, Richard, Woosley, Stan, Wu, Jin, Wrede, Chris, Yamada, Shoichi, Young, Patrick, Zegers, Remco, Zingale, Michael, and Zwart, Simon Portegies

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to address some of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. It encompasses a wide range of objects and phenomena: stars, supernovae, novae, neutron stars, stellar-mass black holes, nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, cosmic rays and relativistic-particle acceleration, and the evolution of galaxies. MeV gamma-rays provide a unique probe of nuclear processes in astronomy, directly measuring radioactive decay, nuclear de-excitation, and positron annihilation. The substantial information carried by gamma-ray photons allows us to see deeper into these objects, the bulk of the power is often emitted at gamma-ray energies, and radioactivity provides a natural physical clock that adds unique information. New science will be driven by time-domain population studies at gamma-ray energies. This science is enabled by next-generation gamma-ray instruments with one to two orders of magnitude better sensitivity, larger sky coverage, and faster cadence than all previous gamma-ray instruments. This transformative capability permits: (a) the accurate identification of the gamma-ray emitting objects and correlations with observations taken at other wavelengths and with other messengers; (b) construction of new gamma-ray maps of the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies where extended regions are distinguished from point sources; and (c) considerable serendipitous science of scarce events -- nearby neutron star mergers, for example. Advances in technology push the performance of new gamma-ray instruments to address a wide set of astrophysical questions., Comment: 14 pages including 3 figures

Published
2019

4. Catching Element Formation In The Act

Author

Fryer, Chris L, Timmes, Frank, Hungerford, Aimee L, Couture, Aaron, Adams, Fred, Aoki, Wako, Arcones, Almudena, Arnett, David, Auchettl, Katie, Avila, Melina, Badenes, Carles, Baron, Eddie, Bauswein, Andreas, Beacom, John, Blackmon, Jeff, Blondin, Stephane, Bloser, Peter, Boggs, Steve, Boss, Alan, Brandt, Terri, Bravo, Eduardo, Brown, Ed, Brown, Peter, Budtz-Jorgensen, Steve Bruenn Carl, Burns, Eric, Calder, Alan, Caputo, Regina, Champagne, Art, Chevalier, Roger, Chieffi, Alessandro, Chipps, Kelly, Cinabro, David, Clarkson, Ondrea, Clayton, Don, Coc, Alain, Connolly, Devin, Conroy, Charlie, Cote, Benoit, Couch, Sean, Dauphas, Nicolas, deBoer, Richard James, Deibel, Catherine, Denisenkov, Pavel, Desch, Steve, Dessart, Luc, Diehl, Roland, Doherty, Carolyn, Dominguez, Inma, Dong, Subo, Dwarkadas, Vikram, Fan, Doreen, Fields, Brian, Fields, Carl, Filippenko, Alex, Fisher, Robert, Foucart, Francois, Fransson, Claes, Frohlich, Carla, Fuller, George, Gibson, Brad, Giryanskaya, Viktoriya, Gorres, Joachim, Goriely, Stephane, Grebenev, Sergei, Grefenstette, Brian, Grohs, Evan, Guillochon, James, Harpole, Alice, Harris, Chelsea, Harris, J Austin, Harrison, Fiona, Hartmann, Dieter, Hashimoto, Masa-aki, Heger, Alexander, Hernanz, Margarita, Herwig, Falk, Hirschi, Raphael, Hix, Raphael William, Hoflich, Peter, Hoffman, Robert, Holcomb, Cole, Hsiao, Eric, Iliadis, Christian, Janiuk, Agnieszka, Janka, Thomas, Jerkstrand, Anders, Johns, Lucas, Jones, Samuel, Jose, Jordi, Kajino, Toshitaka, Karakas, Amanda, Karpov, Platon, Kasen, Dan, Kierans, Carolyn, Kippen, Marc, Korobkin, Oleg, Kobayashi, Chiaki, Kozma, Cecilia, Krot, Saha, and Kumar, Pawan

Subjects
astro-ph.HE
Abstract

Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to addresssome of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. It encompassesa wide range of objects and phenomena: stars, supernovae, novae, neutron stars,stellar-mass black holes, nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, cosmic raysand relativistic-particle acceleration, and the evolution of galaxies. MeVgamma-rays provide a unique probe of nuclear processes in astronomy, directlymeasuring radioactive decay, nuclear de-excitation, and positron annihilation.The substantial information carried by gamma-ray photons allows us to seedeeper into these objects, the bulk of the power is often emitted at gamma-rayenergies, and radioactivity provides a natural physical clock that adds uniqueinformation. New science will be driven by time-domain population studies atgamma-ray energies. This science is enabled by next-generation gamma-rayinstruments with one to two orders of magnitude better sensitivity, larger skycoverage, and faster cadence than all previous gamma-ray instruments. Thistransformative capability permits: (a) the accurate identification of thegamma-ray emitting objects and correlations with observations taken at otherwavelengths and with other messengers; (b) construction of new gamma-ray mapsof the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies where extended regions aredistinguished from point sources; and (c) considerable serendipitous science ofscarce events -- nearby neutron star mergers, for example. Advances intechnology push the performance of new gamma-ray instruments to address a wideset of astrophysical questions.

Published
2019

5. Nuclear Physics Exascale Requirements Review: An Office of Science review sponsored jointly by Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Nuclear Physics, June 15 - 17, 2016, Gaithersburg, Maryland

Author

Carlson, Joseph, Savage, Martin J, Gerber, Richard, Antypas, Katie, Bard, Deborah, Coffey, Richard, Dart, Eli, Dosanjh, Sudip, Hack, James, Monga, Inder, Papka, Michael E, Riley, Katherine, Rotman, Lauren, Straatsma, Tjerk, Wells, Jack, Avakian, Harut, Ayyad, Yassid, Bass, Steffen A, Bazin, Daniel, Boehnlein, Amber, Bollen, Georg, Broussard, Leah J, Calder, Alan, Couch, Sean, Couture, Aaron, Cromaz, Mario, Detmold, William, Detwiler, Jason, Duan, Huaiyu, Edwards, Robert, Engel, Jonathan, Fryer, Chris, Fuller, George M, Gandolfi, Stefano, Gavalian, Gagik, Georgobiani, Dali, Gupta, Rajan, Gyurjyan, Vardan, Hausmann, Marc, Heyes, Graham, Hix, W Ralph, ito, Mark, Jansen, Gustav, Jones, Richard, Joo, Balint, Kaczmarek, Olaf, Kasen, Dan, Kostin, Mikhail, Kurth, Thorsten, Lauret, Jerome, Lawrence, David, Lin, Huey-Wen, Lin, Meifeng, Mantica, Paul, Maris, Peter, Messer, Bronson, Mittig, Wolfgang, Mosby, Shea, Mukherjee, Swagato, Nam, Hai Ah, navratil, Petr, Nazarewicz, Witek, Ng, Esmond, O'Donnell, Tommy, Orginos, Konstantinos, Pellemoine, Frederique, Petreczky, Peter, Pieper, Steven C, Pinkenburg, Christopher H, Plaster, Brad, Porter, R Jefferson, Portillo, Mauricio, Pratt, Scott, Purschke, Martin L, Qiang, Ji, Quaglioni, Sofia, Richards, David, Roblin, Yves, Schenke, Bjorn, Schiavilla, Rocco, Schlichting, Soren, Schunck, Nicolas, Steinbrecher, Patrick, Strickland, Michael, Syritsyn, Sergey, Terzic, Balsa, Varner, Robert, Vary, James, Wild, Stefan, Winter, Frank, Zegers, Remco, Zhang, He, Ziegler, Veronique, and Zingale, Michael

Published
2017

6. Evidence for Type Ia Supernova Diversity from Ultraviolet Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope

Author

Wang, Xiaofeng, Wang, Lifan, Filippenko, Alexei V., Baron, Eddie, Kromer, Markus, Jack, Dennis, Zhang, Tianmeng, Aldering, Greg, Antilogus, Pierre, Arnett, David, Baade, Dietrich, Barris, Brian J., Benetti, Stefano, Bouchet, Patrice, Burrows, Adam S., Canal, Ramon, Cappellaro, Enrico, Carlberg, Raymond, di Carlo, Elisa, Challis, Peter, Crotts, Arlin, Danziger, John I., Della Valle, Massimo, Fink, Michael, Foley, Ryan J., Fransson, Claes, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Garnavich, Peter, Gerardy, Chris L., Goldhaber, Gerson, Hamuy, Mario, Hillebrandt, Wolfgang, Hoeflich, Peter A., Holland, Stephen T., Holz, Daniel E., Hughes, John P., Jeffery, David J., Jha, Saurabh W., Kasen, Dan, Khokhlov, Alexei M., Kirshner, Robert P., Knop, Robert, Kozma, Cecilia, Krisciunas, Kevin, Lee, Brian C., Leibundgut, Bruno, Lentz, Eric J., Leonard, Douglas C., Lewin, Walter H. G., Li, Weidong, Livio, Mario, Lundqvist, Peter, Maoz, Dan, Matheson, Thomas, Mazzali, Paolo, Meikle, Peter, Miknaitis, Gajus, Milne, Peter, Mochnacki, Stefan, Nomoto, Ken'Ichi, Nugent, Peter E., Oran, Elaine, Panagia, Nino, Perlmutter, Saul, Phillips, Mark M., Pinto, Philip, Poznanski, Dovi, Pritchet, Christopher J., Reinecke, Martin, Riess, Adam, Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar, Scalzo, Richard, Schlegel, Eric M., Schmidt, Brian, Siegrist, James, Soderberg, Alicia M., Sollerman, Jesper, Sonneborn, George, Spadafora, Anthony, Spyromilio, Jason, Sramek, Richard A., Starrfield, Sumner G., Strolger, Louis G., Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Thomas, Rollin, Tonry, John L., Tornambe, Amedeo, Truran, James W., Turatto, Massimo, Turner, Michael, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., Weiler, Kurt, Wheeler, J. Craig, Wood-Vasey, Michael, Woosley, Stan, and Yamaoka, Hitoshi

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and photometry of four Type Ia supernovae (SNe 2004dt, 2004ef, 2005M, and 2005cf) obtained with the UV prism of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. This dataset provides unique spectral time series down to 2000 Angstrom. Significant diversity is seen in the near maximum-light spectra (~ 2000--3500 Angstrom) for this small sample. The corresponding photometric data, together with archival data from Swift Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope observations, provide further evidence of increased dispersion in the UV emission with respect to the optical. The peak luminosities measured in uvw1/F250W are found to correlate with the B-band light-curve shape parameter dm15(B), but with much larger scatter relative to the correlation in the broad-band B band (e.g., ~0.4 mag versus ~0.2 mag for those with 0.8 < dm15 < 1.7 mag). SN 2004dt is found as an outlier of this correlation (at > 3 sigma), being brighter than normal SNe Ia such as SN 2005cf by ~0.9 mag and ~2.0 mag in the uvw1/F250W and uvm2/F220W filters, respectively. We show that different progenitor metallicity or line-expansion velocities alone cannot explain such a large discrepancy. Viewing-angle effects, such as due to an asymmetric explosion, may have a significant influence on the flux emitted in the UV region. Detailed modeling is needed to disentangle and quantify the above effects., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted by ApJ

Published
2011
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7. Swift 1644+57: The Longest Gamma-ray Burst?

Author

Quataert, Eliot and Kasen, Dan

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Swift recently discovered an unusual gamma-ray and x-ray transient (Sw 1644+57) that was initially identified as a long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB). However, the ~ 10 keV x-ray emission has persisted for over a month with a luminosity comparable to its peak value. The astrometric coincidence of the source with the center of its host galaxy, together with other considerations, motivated the interpretation that Sw 1644+57 was produced by an outburst from a 10^{6-7} M_sun black hole at the center of the galaxy. Here we consider the alternate possibility that Sw 1644+57 is indeed a long-duration GRB, albeit a particularly long one. We discuss the general properties of very long-duration, low-power GRB-like transients associated with the core-collapse of a massive star. Both neutron star (magnetar) spindown and black hole accretion can power such events. The requirements for producing low-power, very long-duration GRBs by magnetar spindown are similar to those for powering extremely luminous supernovae by magnetar spindown, suggesting a possible connection between these two unusual types of transients. Alternatively, Sw 1644+57 be associated with the faintest core-collapse explosions: the collapse of a rotating red supergiant in a nominally failed supernova can power accretion onto a solar-mass black hole for up to ~ 100 days; the jet produced by black hole accretion inevitably unbinds the outer envelope of the progenitor, leading to a weak ~ 10^{49} erg explosion. In both neutron star and black hole models, a jet can burrow through the host star in a few days, with a kinetic luminosity ~ 10^{45-46} ergs/s, sufficient to power the observed emission of Sw 1644+57., Comment: submitted to MNRAS Letters

Published
2011
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8. Electromagnetic Transients Powered by Nuclear Decay in the Tidal Tails of Coalescing Compact Binaries

Author

Roberts, Luke F., Kasen, Dan, Lee, William H., and Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The possibility that long tidal tails formed during compact object mergers may power optical transients through the decay of freshly synthesized r-process material is investigated. Precise modeling of the merger dynamics allows for a realistic determination of the thermodynamic conditions in the ejected debris. The results of hydrodynamic and full nuclear network calculations are combined to calculate the resultant r-process abundances and the heating of the material by their decays. The subsequent homologous structure is mapped into a radiative transfer code to synthesize emergent model light curves and determine how their properties (variability and color evolution) depend on the mass ratio and orientation of the merging binary. The radiation emanating from the ejected debris, though less spectacular than a typical supernova, should be observable in transient surveys and we estimate the associated detection rates. The case for (or against) compact object mergers as the progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts can be tested if such electromagnetic transients are detected (or not) in coincidence with some bursts, although they may be obscured by on-axis afterglows., Comment: Submitted to ApJL

Published
2011
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9. Nuclear Physics Exascale Requirements Review: An Office of Science review sponsored jointly by Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Nuclear Physics, June 15 - 17, 2016, Gaithersburg, Maryland

Author

Carlson, Joseph, Savage, Martin J, Gerber, Richard, Antypas, Katie, Bard, Deborah, Coffey, Richard, Dart, Eli, Dosanjh, Sudip, Hack, James, Monga, Inder, Papka, Michael E, Riley, Katherine, Rotman, Lauren, Straatsma, Tjerk, Wells, Jack, Avakian, Harut, Ayyad, Yassid, Bass, Steffen A, Bazin, Daniel, Boehnlein, Amber, Bollen, Georg, Broussard, Leah J, Calder, Alan, Couch, Sean, Couture, Aaron, Cromaz, Mario, Detmold, William, Detwiler, Jason, Duan, Huaiyu, Edwards, Robert, Engel, Jonathan, Fryer, Chris, Fuller, George M, Gandolfi, Stefano, Gavalian, Gagik, Georgobiani, Dali, Gupta, Rajan, Gyurjyan, Vardan, Hausmann, Marc, Heyes, Graham, Hix, W Ralph, ito, Mark, Jansen, Gustav, Jones, Richard, Joo, Balint, Kaczmarek, Olaf, Kasen, Dan, Kostin, Mikhail, Kurth, Thorsten, Lauret, Jerome, Lawrence, David, Lin, Huey-Wen, Lin, Meifeng, Mantica, Paul, Maris, Peter, Messer, Bronson, Mittig, Wolfgang, Mosby, Shea, Mukherjee, Swagato, Nam, Hai Ah, navratil, Petr, Nazarewicz, Witek, Ng, Esmond, O'Donnell, Tommy, Orginos, Konstantinos, Pellemoine, Frederique, Petreczky, Peter, Pieper, Steven C, Pinkenburg, Christopher H, Plaster, Brad, Porter, R Jefferson, Portillo, Mauricio, Pratt, Scott, Purschke, Martin L, Qiang, Ji, Quaglioni, Sofia, Richards, David, Roblin, Yves, Schenke, Bjorn, Schiavilla, Rocco, Schlichting, Soren, Schunck, Nicolas, Steinbrecher, Patrick, Strickland, Michael, Syritsyn, Sergey, Terzic, Balsa, Varner, Robert, Vary, James, Wild, Stefan, Winter, Frank, Zegers, Remco, Zhang, He, Ziegler, Veronique, and Zingale, Michael

Published
2023

10. Nuclear Physics Exascale Requirements Review: An Office of Science review sponsored jointly by Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Nuclear Physics, June 15 - 17, 2016, Gaithersburg, Maryland

Author

Carlson, Joseph, Carlson, Joseph, Savage, Martin J, Gerber, Richard, Antypas, Katie, Bard, Deborah, Coffey, Richard, Dart, Eli, Dosanjh, Sudip, Hack, James, Monga, Inder, Papka, Michael E, Riley, Katherine, Rotman, Lauren, Straatsma, Tjerk, Wells, Jack, Avakian, Harut, Ayyad, Yassid, Bass, Steffen A, Bazin, Daniel, Boehnlein, Amber, Bollen, Georg, Broussard, Leah J, Calder, Alan, Couch, Sean, Couture, Aaron, Cromaz, Mario, Detmold, William, Detwiler, Jason, Duan, Huaiyu, Edwards, Robert, Engel, Jonathan, Fryer, Chris, Fuller, George M, Gandolfi, Stefano, Gavalian, Gagik, Georgobiani, Dali, Gupta, Rajan, Gyurjyan, Vardan, Hausmann, Marc, Heyes, Graham, Hix, W Ralph, ito, Mark, Jansen, Gustav, Jones, Richard, Joo, Balint, Kaczmarek, Olaf, Kasen, Dan, Kostin, Mikhail, Kurth, Thorsten, Lauret, Jerome, Lawrence, David, Lin, Huey-Wen, Lin, Meifeng, Mantica, Paul, Maris, Peter, Messer, Bronson, Mittig, Wolfgang, Mosby, Shea, Mukherjee, Swagato, Nam, Hai Ah, navratil, Petr, Nazarewicz, Witek, Ng, Esmond, O'Donnell, Tommy, Orginos, Konstantinos, Pellemoine, Frederique, Petreczky, Peter, Pieper, Steven C, Pinkenburg, Christopher H, Plaster, Brad, Porter, R Jefferson, Portillo, Mauricio, Pratt, Scott, Purschke, Martin L, Qiang, Ji, Quaglioni, Sofia, Richards, David, Roblin, Yves, Schenke, Bjorn, Schiavilla, Rocco, Schlichting, Soren, Schunck, Nicolas, Steinbrecher, Patrick, Strickland, Michael, Syritsyn, Sergey, Terzic, Balsa, Varner, Robert, Vary, James, Wild, Stefan, Winter, Frank, Zegers, Remco, Zhang, He, Ziegler, Veronique, Zingale, Michael, Carlson, Joseph, Carlson, Joseph, Savage, Martin J, Gerber, Richard, Antypas, Katie, Bard, Deborah, Coffey, Richard, Dart, Eli, Dosanjh, Sudip, Hack, James, Monga, Inder, Papka, Michael E, Riley, Katherine, Rotman, Lauren, Straatsma, Tjerk, Wells, Jack, Avakian, Harut, Ayyad, Yassid, Bass, Steffen A, Bazin, Daniel, Boehnlein, Amber, Bollen, Georg, Broussard, Leah J, Calder, Alan, Couch, Sean, Couture, Aaron, Cromaz, Mario, Detmold, William, Detwiler, Jason, Duan, Huaiyu, Edwards, Robert, Engel, Jonathan, Fryer, Chris, Fuller, George M, Gandolfi, Stefano, Gavalian, Gagik, Georgobiani, Dali, Gupta, Rajan, Gyurjyan, Vardan, Hausmann, Marc, Heyes, Graham, Hix, W Ralph, ito, Mark, Jansen, Gustav, Jones, Richard, Joo, Balint, Kaczmarek, Olaf, Kasen, Dan, Kostin, Mikhail, Kurth, Thorsten, Lauret, Jerome, Lawrence, David, Lin, Huey-Wen, Lin, Meifeng, Mantica, Paul, Maris, Peter, Messer, Bronson, Mittig, Wolfgang, Mosby, Shea, Mukherjee, Swagato, Nam, Hai Ah, navratil, Petr, Nazarewicz, Witek, Ng, Esmond, O'Donnell, Tommy, Orginos, Konstantinos, Pellemoine, Frederique, Petreczky, Peter, Pieper, Steven C, Pinkenburg, Christopher H, Plaster, Brad, Porter, R Jefferson, Portillo, Mauricio, Pratt, Scott, Purschke, Martin L, Qiang, Ji, Quaglioni, Sofia, Richards, David, Roblin, Yves, Schenke, Bjorn, Schiavilla, Rocco, Schlichting, Soren, Schunck, Nicolas, Steinbrecher, Patrick, Strickland, Michael, Syritsyn, Sergey, Terzic, Balsa, Varner, Robert, Vary, James, Wild, Stefan, Winter, Frank, Zegers, Remco, Zhang, He, Ziegler, Veronique, and Zingale, Michael

Published
2022

12. Nuclear Physics Exascale Requirements Review: An Office of Science review sponsored jointly by Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Nuclear Physics, June 15 - 17, 2016, Gaithersburg, Maryland

Author

Carlson, Joseph, primary, Savage, Martin J., additional, Gerber, Richard, additional, Antypas, Katie, additional, Bard, Deborah, additional, Coffey, Richard, additional, Dart, Eli, additional, Dosanjh, Sudip, additional, Hack, James, additional, Monga, Inder, additional, Papka, Michael E., additional, Riley, Katherine, additional, Rotman, Lauren, additional, Straatsma, Tjerk, additional, Wells, Jack, additional, Avakian, Harut, additional, Ayyad, Yassid, additional, Bass, Steffen A., additional, Bazin, Daniel, additional, Boehnlein, Amber, additional, Bollen, Georg, additional, Broussard, Leah J., additional, Calder, Alan, additional, Couch, Sean, additional, Couture, Aaron, additional, Cromaz, Mario, additional, Detmold, William, additional, Detwiler, Jason, additional, Duan, Huaiyu, additional, Edwards, Robert, additional, Engel, Jonathan, additional, Fryer, Chris, additional, Fuller, George M., additional, Gandolfi, Stefano, additional, Gavalian, Gagik, additional, Georgobiani, Dali, additional, Gupta, Rajan, additional, Gyurjyan, Vardan, additional, Hausmann, Marc, additional, Heyes, Graham, additional, Hix, W. Ralph, additional, ito, Mark, additional, Jansen, Gustav, additional, Jones, Richard, additional, Joo, Balint, additional, Kaczmarek, Olaf, additional, Kasen, Dan, additional, Kostin, Mikhail, additional, Kurth, Thorsten, additional, Lauret, Jerome, additional, Lawrence, David, additional, Lin, Huey-Wen, additional, Lin, Meifeng, additional, Mantica, Paul, additional, Maris, Peter, additional, Messer, Bronson, additional, Mittig, Wolfgang, additional, Mosby, Shea, additional, Mukherjee, Swagato, additional, Nam, Hai Ah, additional, navratil, Petr, additional, Nazarewicz, Witek, additional, Ng, Esmond, additional, O'Donnell, Tommy, additional, Orginos, Konstantinos, additional, Pellemoine, Frederique, additional, Petreczky, Peter, additional, Pieper, Steven C., additional, Pinkenburg, Christopher H., additional, Plaster, Brad, additional, Porter, R. Jefferson, additional, Portillo, Mauricio, additional, Pratt, Scott, additional, Purschke, Martin L., additional, Qiang, Ji, additional, Quaglioni, Sofia, additional, Richards, David, additional, Roblin, Yves, additional, Schenke, Bjorn, additional, Schiavilla, Rocco, additional, Schlichting, Soren, additional, Schunck, Nicolas, additional, Steinbrecher, Patrick, additional, Strickland, Michael, additional, Syritsyn, Sergey, additional, Terzic, Balsa, additional, Varner, Robert, additional, Vary, James, additional, Wild, Stefan, additional, Winter, Frank, additional, Zegers, Remco, additional, Zhang, He, additional, Ziegler, Veronique, additional, and Zingale, Michael, additional

Published
2017
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13. Catching Element Formation In The Act. The Case for a New MeV Gamma-Ray Mission: Radionuclide Astronomy in the 2020s. A White Paper for the 2020 Decadal Survey

Author

Fryer, Chris L., Timmes, Frank, Hungerford, Aimee L., Couture, Aaron, Adams, Fred, Aoki, Wako, Arcones, Almudena, Arnett, David, Auchettl, Katie, Avila, Melina, Badenes, Carles, Baron, Eddie, Bauswein, Andreas, John Beacom, Blackmon, Jeff, Blondin, Stéphane, Bloser, Peter, Boggs, Steve, Boss, Alan, Brandt, Terri, Bravo, Eduardo, Brown, E., Brown, Peter, Bruenn, Steve, Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl, Burns, Eric, Calder, Alan, Caputo, Regina, Champagne, Art, Chevalier, Roger, Chieffi, Alessandro, Chipps, Kelly, Cinabro, David, Clarkson, Ondrea, Clayton, Don, Coc, Alain, Connolly, Devin, Conroy, Charlie, Côté, Benoit, Couch, Sean, Dauphas, Nicolas, Deboer, Richard James, Deibel, Catherine, Denisenkov, Pavel, Desch, Steve, Dessart, Luc, Diehl, Roland, Doherty, Carolyn, Domínguez, Inma, Dong, Subo, Dwarkadas, Vikram, Fan, Doreen, Fields, Brian, Fields, Carl, Filippenko, Alex, Fisher, Robert, Foucart, Francois, Fransson, Claes, Fröhlich, Carla, Fuller, George, Gibson, Brad, Giryanskaya, Viktoriya, Görres, Joachim, Goriely, Stéphane, Grebenev, Sergei, Grefenstette, Brian, Grohs, Evan, Guillochon, James, Harpole, Alice, Harris, Chelsea, Austin Harris, J., Harrison, Fiona, Hartmann, Dieter, Hashimoto, Masa-Aki, Heger, Alexander, Hernanz, Margarita, Herwig, Falk, Hirschi, Raphael, Hix, Raphael William, Höflich, Peter, Hoffman, Robert, Holcomb, Cole, Hsiao, Eric, Iliadis, Christian, Janiuk, Agnieszka, Janka, Thomas, Jerkstrand, Anders, Johns, Lucas, Jones, Samuel, José, Jordi, Kajino, Toshitaka, Karakas, Amanda, Karpov, Platon, Kasen, Dan, Kierans, Carolyn, Kippen, Marc, Korobkin, Oleg, Kobayashi, Chiaki, Kozma, Cecilia, Krot, Saha, Kumar, Pawan, Kuvvetli, Irfan, Laird, Alison, Laming, Martin, Larsson, Josefin, Lattanzio, John, Lattimer, James, Leising, Mark, Lennarz, Annika, Lentz, Eric, Limongi, Marco, Lippuner, Jonas, Livne, Eli, Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole, Longland, Richard, Lopez, Laura A., Lugaro, Maria, Lutovinov, Alexander, Madsen, Kristin, Malone, Chris, Matteucci, Francesca, Mcenery, Julie, Meisel, Zach, Messer, Bronson, Metzger, Brian, Meyer, Bradley, Meynet, Georges, Mezzacappa, Anthony, Miller, Jonah, Miller, Richard, Milne, Peter, Misch, Wendell, Mitchell, Lee, Mösta, Philipp, Motizuki, Yuko, Müller, Bernhard, Mumpower, Matthew, Murphy, Jeremiah, Nagataki, Shigehiro, Nakar, Ehud, Nomoto, Ken Ichi, Nugent, Peter, Nunes, Filomena, O Shea, Brian, Oberlack, Uwe, Pain, Steven, Parker, Lucas, Perego, Albino, Pignatari, Marco, Pinedo, Gabriel Martínez, Plewa, Tomasz, Poznanski, Dovi, Priedhorsky, William, Pritychenko, Boris, Radice, David, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Rauscher, Thomas, Reddy, Sanjay, Rehm, Ernst, Reifarth, Rene, Richman, Debra, Ricker, Paul, Rijal, Nabin, Roberts, Luke, Röpke, Friedrich, Rosswog, Stephan, Ruiter, Ashley J., Ruiz, Chris, Savin, Daniel Wolf, Schatz, Hendrik, Schneider, Dieter, Schwab, Josiah, Seitenzahl, Ivo, Shen, Ken, Siegert, Thomas, Sim, Stuart, Smith, David, Smith, Karl, Smith, Michael, Sollerman, Jesper, Sprouse, Trevor, Spyrou, Artemis, Starrfield, Sumner, Steiner, Andrew, Strong, Andrew W., Sukhbold, Tuguldur, Suntzeff, Nick, Surman, Rebecca, Tanimori, Toru, The, Lih-Sin, Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl, Tolstov, Alexey, Tominaga, Nozomu, Tomsick, John, Townsley, Dean, Tsintari, Pelagia, Tsygankov, Sergey, Vartanyan, David, Venters, Tonia, Vestrand, Tom, Vink, Jacco, Waldman, Roni, Wang, Lifang, Wang, Xilu, Warren, Mackenzie, West, Christopher, Craig Wheeler, J., Wiescher, Michael, Winkler, Christoph, Winter, Lisa, Wolf, Bill, Woolf, Richard, Woosley, Stan, Wu, Jin, Wrede, Chris, Yamada, Shoichi, Young, Patrick, Zegers, Remco, Zingale, Michael, Portegies Zwart, Simon, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Agency (ESA), HEP, INSPIRE, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to address some of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. It encompasses a wide range of objects and phenomena: stars, supernovae, novae, neutron stars, stellar-mass black holes, nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, cosmic rays and relativistic-particle acceleration, and the evolution of galaxies. MeV gamma-rays provide a unique probe of nuclear processes in astronomy, directly measuring radioactive decay, nuclear de-excitation, and positron annihilation. The substantial information carried by gamma-ray photons allows us to see deeper into these objects, the bulk of the power is often emitted at gamma-ray energies, and radioactivity provides a natural physical clock that adds unique information. New science will be driven by time-domain population studies at gamma-ray energies. This science is enabled by next-generation gamma-ray instruments with one to two orders of magnitude better sensitivity, larger sky coverage, and faster cadence than all previous gamma-ray instruments. This transformative capability permits: (a) the accurate identification of the gamma-ray emitting objects and correlations with observations taken at other wavelengths and with other messengers; (b) construction of new gamma-ray maps of the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies where extended regions are distinguished from point sources; and (c) considerable serendipitous science of scarce events -- nearby neutron star mergers, for example. Advances in technology push the performance of new gamma-ray instruments to address a wide set of astrophysical questions.

Published
2019

14. Catching Element Formation In The Act.:The Case for a New MeV Gamma-Ray Mission: Radionuclide Astronomy in the 2020s. A White Paper for the 2020 Decadal Survey

Author

Fryer, Chris L., Timmes, Frank, Hungerford, Aimee L., Couture, Aaron, Adams, Fred, Aoki, Wako, Arcones, Almudena, Arnett, David, Auchettl, Katie, Avila, Melina, Badenes, Carles, Baron, Eddie, Bauswein, Andreas, Beacom, John, Blackmon, Jeff, Blondin, Stephane, Bloser, Peter, Boggs, Steve, Boss, Alan, Brandt, Terri, Bravo, Eduardo, Brown, Ed, Brown, Peter, Budtz-Jorgensen, Steve Bruenn. Carl, Burns, Eric, Calder, Alan, Caputo, Regina, Champagne, Art, Chevalier, Roger, Chieffi, Alessandro, Chipps, Kelly, Cinabro, David, Clarkson, Ondrea, Clayton, Don, Coc, Alain, Connolly, Devin, Conroy, Charlie, Cote, Benoit, Couch, Sean, Dauphas, Nicolas, deBoer, Richard James, Deibel, Catherine, Denisenkov, Pavel, Desch, Steve, Dessart, Luc, Diehl, Roland, Doherty, Carolyn, Dominguez, Inma, Dong, Subo, Dwarkadas, Vikram, Fan, Doreen, Fields, Brian, Fields, Carl, Filippenko, Alex, Fisher, Robert, Foucart, Francois, Fransson, Claes, Frohlich, Carla, Fuller, George, Gibson, Brad, Giryanskaya, Viktoriya, Gorres, Joachim, Goriely, Stephane, Grebenev, Sergei, Grefenstette, Brian, Grohs, Evan, Guillochon, James, Harpole, Alice, Harris, Chelsea, Harris, J. Austin, Harrison, Fiona, Hartmann, Dieter, Hashimoto, Masa-aki, Heger, Alexander, Hernanz, Margarita, Herwig, Falk, Hirschi, Raphael, Hix, Raphael William, Hoflich, Peter, Hoffman, Robert, Holcomb, Cole, Hsiao, Eric, Iliadis, Christian, Janiuk, Agnieszka, Janka, Thomas, Jerkstrand, Anders, Johns, Lucas, Jones, Samuel, Jose, Jordi, Kajino, Toshitaka, Karakas, Amanda, Karpov, Platon, Kasen, Dan, Kierans, Carolyn, Kippen, Marc, Korobkin, Oleg, Kobayashi, Chiaki, Kozma, Cecilia, Krot, Saha, Kumar, Pawan, Kuvvetli, Irfan, Laird, Alison, Laming, Martin, Larsson, Josefin, Lattanzio, John, Lattimer, James, Leising, Mark, Lennarz, Annika, Lentz, Eric, Limongi, Marco, Lippuner, Jonas, Livne, Eli, Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole, Longland, Richard, Lopez, Laura A., Lugaro, Maria, Lutovinov, Alexander, Madsen, Kristin, Malone, Chris, Matteucci, Francesca, McEnery, Julie, Meisel, Zach, Messer, Bronson, Metzger, Brian, Meyer, Bradley, Meynet, Georges, Mezzacappa, Anthony, Miller, Jonah, Miller, Richard, Milne, Peter, Misch, Wendell, Mitchell, Lee, Mosta, Philipp, Motizuki, Yuko, Muller, Bernhard, Mumpower, Matthew, Murphy, Jeremiah, Nagataki, Shigehiro, Nakar, Ehud, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Nugent, Peter, Nunes, Filomena, O'Shea, Brian, Oberlack, Uwe, Pain, Steven, Parker, Lucas, Perego, Albino, Pignatari, Marco, Pinedo, Gabriel Martinez, Plewa, Tomasz, Poznanski, Dovi, Priedhorsky, William, Pritychenko, Boris, Radice, David, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Rauscher, Thomas, Reddy, Sanjay, Rehm, Ernst, Reifarth, Rene, Richman, Debra, Ricker, Paul, Rijal, Nabin, Roberts, Luke, Ropke, Friedrich, Rosswog, Stephan, Ruiter, Ashley J., Ruiz, Chris, Savin, Daniel Wolf, Schatz, Hendrik, Schneider, Dieter, Schwab, Josiah, Seitenzahl, Ivo, Shen, Ken, Siegert, Thomas, Sim, Stuart, Smith, David, Smith, Karl, Smith, Michael, Sollerman, Jesper, Sprouse, Trevor, Spyrou, Artemis, Starrfield, Sumner, Steiner, Andrew, Strong, Andrew W., Sukhbold, Tuguldur, Suntzeff, Nick, Surman, Rebecca, Tanimori, Toru, The, Lih-Sin, Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl, Tolstov, Alexey, Tominaga, Nozomu, Tomsick, John, Townsley, Dean, Tsintari, Pelagia, Tsygankov, Sergey, Vartanyan, David, Venters, Tonia, Vestrand, Tom, Vink, Jacco, Waldman, Roni, Wang, Lifang, Wang, Xilu, Warren, MacKenzie, West, Christopher, Wheeler, J. Craig, Wiescher, Michael, Winkler, Christoph, Winter, Lisa, Wolf, Bill, Woolf, Richard, Woosley, Stan, Wu, Jin, Wrede, Chris, Yamada, Shoichi, Young, Patrick, Zegers, Remco, Zingale, Michael, and Zwart, Simon Portegies

Abstract

Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to address some of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. The unique information provided by MeV gamma-ray astronomy to help address frontiers makes now a compelling time for the community to advocate for a new mission to be operational in the 2020s and beyond.

Published
2019

15. Evidence for type ia supernova diversity from ultraviolet observations with the hubble space telescope

Author

Wang, Xiaofeng, Wang, Lifan, Filippenko, Alexei V., Baron, Eddie, Kromer, Markus, Jack, Dennis, Zhang, Tianmeng, Aldering, Greg, Antilogus, Pierre, Arnett, W. David, Baade, Dietrich, Barris, Brian J., Benetti, Stefano, Bouchet, Patrice, Burrows, Adam S., Canal, Ramon, Cappellaro, Enrico, Carlberg, Raymond G., di Carlo, Elisa, Challis, Peter J., Crotts, Arlin P. S., Danziger, John I., Della Valle, Massimo, Fink, Michael, Foley, Ryan J., Fransson, Claes, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Garnavich, Peter M., Gerardy, Chris L., Goldhaber, Gerson, Hamuy, Mario, Hillebrandt, Wolfgang, Hoeflich, Peter, Holland, Stephen T., Holz, Daniel E., Hughes, John P., Jeffery, David J., Jha, Saurabh W., Kasen, Dan, Khokhlov, Alexei M., Kirshner, Robert P., Knop, Robert A., Kozma, Cecilia, Krisciunas, Kevin, Lee, Brian C., Leibundgut, Bruno, Lentz, Eric J., Leonard, Douglas C., Lewin, Walter H. G., Li, Weidong, Livio, Mario, Lundqvist, Peter, Maoz, Dan, Matheson, Thomas, Mazzali, Paolo A., Meikle, Peter, Miknaitis, Gajus, Milne, Peter A., Mochnacki, Stefan W., Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Nugent, Peter E., Oran, Elaine S., Panagia, Nino, Perlmutter, Saul, Phillips, Mark M., Pinto, Philip, Poznanski, Dovi, Pritchet, Christopher J., Reinecke, Martin, Riess, Adam G., Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar, Scalzo, Richard A., Schlegel, Eric M., Schmidt, Brian P., Siegrist, James, Soderberg, Alicia M., Sollerman, Jesper, Sonneborn, George, Spadafora, Anthony, Spyromilio, Jason, Sramek, Richard A., Starrfield, Sumner G., Strolger, Louis G., Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Thomas, Rollin C., Tonry, John L., Tornambe, Amedeo, Truran, James W., Turatto, Massimo, Turner, Michael, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., Weiler, Kurt W., Wheeler, J. Craig, Wood-Vasey, Michael, Woosley, Stanford E., Yamaoka, Hitoshi, Wang, Xiaofeng, Wang, Lifan, Filippenko, Alexei V., Baron, Eddie, Kromer, Markus, Jack, Dennis, Zhang, Tianmeng, Aldering, Greg, Antilogus, Pierre, Arnett, W. David, Baade, Dietrich, Barris, Brian J., Benetti, Stefano, Bouchet, Patrice, Burrows, Adam S., Canal, Ramon, Cappellaro, Enrico, Carlberg, Raymond G., di Carlo, Elisa, Challis, Peter J., Crotts, Arlin P. S., Danziger, John I., Della Valle, Massimo, Fink, Michael, Foley, Ryan J., Fransson, Claes, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Garnavich, Peter M., Gerardy, Chris L., Goldhaber, Gerson, Hamuy, Mario, Hillebrandt, Wolfgang, Hoeflich, Peter, Holland, Stephen T., Holz, Daniel E., Hughes, John P., Jeffery, David J., Jha, Saurabh W., Kasen, Dan, Khokhlov, Alexei M., Kirshner, Robert P., Knop, Robert A., Kozma, Cecilia, Krisciunas, Kevin, Lee, Brian C., Leibundgut, Bruno, Lentz, Eric J., Leonard, Douglas C., Lewin, Walter H. G., Li, Weidong, Livio, Mario, Lundqvist, Peter, Maoz, Dan, Matheson, Thomas, Mazzali, Paolo A., Meikle, Peter, Miknaitis, Gajus, Milne, Peter A., Mochnacki, Stefan W., Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Nugent, Peter E., Oran, Elaine S., Panagia, Nino, Perlmutter, Saul, Phillips, Mark M., Pinto, Philip, Poznanski, Dovi, Pritchet, Christopher J., Reinecke, Martin, Riess, Adam G., Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar, Scalzo, Richard A., Schlegel, Eric M., Schmidt, Brian P., Siegrist, James, Soderberg, Alicia M., Sollerman, Jesper, Sonneborn, George, Spadafora, Anthony, Spyromilio, Jason, Sramek, Richard A., Starrfield, Sumner G., Strolger, Louis G., Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Thomas, Rollin C., Tonry, John L., Tornambe, Amedeo, Truran, James W., Turatto, Massimo, Turner, Michael, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., Weiler, Kurt W., Wheeler, J. Craig, Wood-Vasey, Michael, Woosley, Stanford E., and Yamaoka, Hitoshi

Abstract

We present ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and photometry of four Type Ia supernovae (SNe 2004dt, 2004ef, 2005M, and 2005cf) obtained with the UV prism of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. This data set provides unique spectral time series down to 2000 angstrom. Significant diversity is seen in the near-maximum-light spectra (similar to 2000-3500 angstrom) for this small sample. The corresponding photometric data, together with archival data from Swift Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope observations, provide further evidence of increased dispersion in the UV emission with respect to the optical. The peak luminositiesmeasured in the uvw1/F250W filter are found to correlate with the B-band light-curve shape parameter Delta m(15)(B), but with much larger scatter relative to the correlation in the broadband B band (e.g., similar to 0.4 mag versus similar to 0.2 mag for those with 0.8 mag < Delta m(15)(B) < 1.7 mag). SN 2004dt is found as an outlier of this correlation (at > 3 sigma), being brighter than normal SNe Ia such as SN 2005cf by similar to 0.9 mag and similar to 2.0 mag in the uvw1/F250W and uvm2/F220W filters, respectively. We show that different progenitor metallicity or line-expansion velocities alone cannot explain such a large discrepancy. Viewing-angle effects, such as due to an asymmetric explosion, may have a significant influence on the flux emitted in the UV region. Detailed modeling is needed to disentangle and quantify the above effects., AuthorCount:96

Published
2012
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16. EVIDENCE FOR TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA DIVERSITY FROM ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS WITH THEHUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

Author

Wang, Xiaofeng, primary, Wang, Lifan, additional, Filippenko, Alexei V., additional, Baron, Eddie, additional, Kromer, Markus, additional, Jack, Dennis, additional, Zhang, Tianmeng, additional, Aldering, Greg, additional, Antilogus, Pierre, additional, Arnett, W. David, additional, Baade, Dietrich, additional, Barris, Brian J., additional, Benetti, Stefano, additional, Bouchet, Patrice, additional, Burrows, Adam S., additional, Canal, Ramon, additional, Cappellaro, Enrico, additional, Carlberg, Raymond G., additional, di Carlo, Elisa, additional, Challis, Peter J., additional, Crotts, Arlin P. S., additional, Danziger, John I., additional, Valle, Massimo Della, additional, Fink, Michael, additional, Foley, Ryan J., additional, Fransson, Claes, additional, Gal-Yam, Avishay, additional, Garnavich, Peter M., additional, Gerardy, Chris L., additional, Goldhaber, Gerson, additional, Hamuy, Mario, additional, Hillebrandt, Wolfgang, additional, Höflich, Peter, additional, Holland, Stephen T., additional, Holz, Daniel E., additional, Hughes, John P., additional, Jeffery, David J., additional, Jha, Saurabh W., additional, Kasen, Dan, additional, Khokhlov, Alexei M., additional, Kirshner, Robert P., additional, Knop, Robert A., additional, Kozma, Cecilia, additional, Krisciunas, Kevin, additional, Lee, Brian C., additional, Leibundgut, Bruno, additional, Lentz, Eric J., additional, Leonard, Douglas C., additional, Lewin, Walter H. G., additional, Li, Weidong, additional, Livio, Mario, additional, Lundqvist, Peter, additional, Maoz, Dan, additional, Matheson, Thomas, additional, Mazzali, Paolo A., additional, Meikle, Peter, additional, Miknaitis, Gajus, additional, Milne, Peter A., additional, Mochnacki, Stefan W., additional, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, additional, Nugent, Peter E., additional, Oran, Elaine S., additional, Panagia, Nino, additional, Perlmutter, Saul, additional, Phillips, Mark M., additional, Pinto, Philip, additional, Poznanski, Dovi, additional, Pritchet, Christopher J., additional, Reinecke, Martin, additional, Riess, Adam G., additional, Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar, additional, Scalzo, Richard A., additional, Schlegel, Eric M., additional, Schmidt, Brian P., additional, Siegrist, James, additional, Soderberg, Alicia M., additional, Sollerman, Jesper, additional, Sonneborn, George, additional, Spadafora, Anthony, additional, Spyromilio, Jason, additional, Sramek, Richard A., additional, Starrfield, Sumner G., additional, Strolger, Louis G., additional, Suntzeff, Nicholas B., additional, Thomas, Rollin C., additional, Tonry, John L., additional, Tornambe, Amedeo, additional, Truran, James W., additional, Turatto, Massimo, additional, Turner, Michael, additional, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., additional, Weiler, Kurt W., additional, Wheeler, J. Craig, additional, Wood-Vasey, Michael, additional, Woosley, Stanford E., additional, and Yamaoka, Hitoshi, additional

Published
2012
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18. Spectropolarimetry of the Next Decade

Author

Wang, Lifan, Baade, Dietrich, Clocchiatti, Alejandro, Hoffman, Jennifer, Höflich, Peter, Maund, Justyn, Kasen, Dan, Ferdinando Patat, and Wills, Bev

19. Catching Element Formation In The Act

Author

Fryer, Chris L., Timmes, Frank, Hungerford, Aimee L., Couture, Aaron, Adams, Fred, Aoki, Wako, Arcones, Almudena, Arnett, David, Auchettl, Katie, Avila, Melina, Badenes, Carles, Baron, Eddie, Bauswein, Andreas, Beacom, John, Blackmon, Jeff, Blondin, Stéphane, Bloser, Peter, Boggs, Steve, Boss, Alan, Brandt, Terri, Bravo, Eduardo, Brown, E., Brown, Peter, Bruenn, Steve, Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl, Burns, Eric, Calder, Alan, Caputo, Regina, Champagne, Art, Chevalier, Roger, Chieffi, Alessandro, Chipps, Kelly, Cinabro, David, Clarkson, Ondrea, Clayton, Don, Coc, Alain, Connolly, Devin, Conroy, Charlie, Côté, Benoit, Couch, Sean, Dauphas, Nicolas, deBoer, Richard James, Deibel, Catherine, Denisenkov, Pavel, Desch, Steve, Dessart, Luc, Diehl, Roland, Doherty, Carolyn, Domínguez, Inma, Dong, Subo, Dwarkadas, Vikram, Fan, Doreen, Fields, Brian, Fields, Carl, Filippenko, Alex, Fisher, Robert, Foucart, Francois, Fransson, Claes, Fröhlich, Carla, Fuller, George, Gibson, Brad, Giryanskaya, Viktoriya, Görres, Joachim, Goriely, Stéphane, Grebenev, Sergei, Grefenstette, Brian, Grohs, Evan, Guillochon, James, Harpole, Alice, Harris, Chelsea, Austin Harris, J., Harrison, Fiona, Hartmann, Dieter, Hashimoto, Masa-aki, Heger, Alexander, Hernanz, Margarita, Herwig, Falk, Hirschi, Raphael, Hix, Raphael William, Höflich, Peter, Hoffman, Robert, Holcomb, Cole, Hsiao, Eric, Iliadis, Christian, Janiuk, Agnieszka, Janka, Thomas, Jerkstrand, Anders, Johns, Lucas, Jones, Samuel, José, Jordi, Kajino, Toshitaka, Karakas, Amanda, Karpov, Platon, Kasen, Dan, Kierans, Carolyn, Kippen, Marc, Korobkin, Oleg, Kobayashi, Chiaki, Kozma, Cecilia, Krot, Saha, Kumar, Pawan, Kuvvetli, Irfan, Laird, Alison, Laming, (John) Martin, Larsson, Josefin, Lattanzio, John, Lattimer, James, Leising, Mark, Lennarz, Annika, Lentz, Eric, Limongi, Marco, Lippuner, Jonas, Livne, Eli, Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole, Longland, Richard, Lopez, Laura A., Lugaro, Maria, Lutovinov, Alexander, Madsen, Kristin, Malone, Chris, Matteucci, Francesca, McEnery, Julie, Meisel, Zach, Messer, Bronson, Metzger, Brian, Meyer, Bradley, Meynet, Georges, Mezzacappa, Anthony, Miller, Jonah, Miller, Richard, Milne, Peter, Misch, Wendell, Mitchell, Lee, Mösta, Philipp, Motizuki, Yuko, Müller, Bernhard, Mumpower, Matthew, Murphy, Jeremiah, Nagataki, Shigehiro, Nakar, Ehud, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Nugent, Peter, Nunes, Filomena, O'Shea, Brian, Oberlack, Uwe, Pain, Steven, Parker, Lucas, Perego, Albino, Pignatari, Marco, Pinedo, Gabriel Martínez, Plewa, Tomasz, Poznanski, Dovi, Priedhorsky, William, Pritychenko, Boris, Radice, David, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Rauscher, Thomas, Reddy, Sanjay, Rehm, Ernst, Reifarth, Rene, Richman, Debra, Ricker, Paul, Rijal, Nabin, Roberts, Luke, Röpke, Friedrich, Rosswog, Stephan, Ruiter, Ashley J., Ruiz, Chris, Savin, Daniel Wolf, Schatz, Hendrik, Schneider, Dieter, Schwab, Josiah, Seitenzahl, Ivo, Shen, Ken, Siegert, Thomas, Sim, Stuart, Smith, David, Smith, Karl, Smith, Michael, Sollerman, Jesper, Sprouse, Trevor, Spyrou, Artemis, Starrfield, Sumner, Steiner, Andrew, Strong, Andrew W., Sukhbold, Tuguldur, Suntzeff, Nick, Surman, Rebecca, Tanimori, Toru, The, Lih-Sin, Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl, Tolstov, Alexey, Tominaga, Nozomu, Tomsick, John, Townsley, Dean, Tsintari, Pelagia, Tsygankov, Sergey, Vartanyan, David, Venters, Tonia, Vestrand, Tom, Vink, Jacco, Waldman, Roni, Wang, Lifang, Wang, Xilu, Warren, MacKenzie, West, Christopher, Craig Wheeler, J., Wiescher, Michael, Winkler, Christoph, Winter, Lisa, Wolf, Bill, Woolf, Richard, Woosley, Stan, Wu, Jin, Wrede, Chris, Yamada, Shoichi, Young, Patrick, Zegers, Remco, Zingale, Michael, and Portegies Zwart, Simon

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to address some of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. It encompasses a wide range of objects and phenomena: stars, supernovae, novae, neutron stars, stellar-mass black holes, nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, cosmic rays and relativistic-particle acceleration, and the evolution of galaxies. MeV gamma-rays provide a unique probe of nuclear processes in astronomy, directly measuring radioactive decay, nuclear de-excitation, and positron annihilation. The substantial information carried by gamma-ray photons allows us to see deeper into these objects, the bulk of the power is often emitted at gamma-ray energies, and radioactivity provides a natural physical clock that adds unique information. New science will be driven by time-domain population studies at gamma-ray energies. This science is enabled by next-generation gamma-ray instruments with one to two orders of magnitude better sensitivity, larger sky coverage, and faster cadence than all previous gamma-ray instruments. This transformative capability permits: (a) the accurate identification of the gamma-ray emitting objects and correlations with observations taken at other wavelengths and with other messengers; (b) construction of new gamma-ray maps of the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies where extended regions are distinguished from point sources; and (c) considerable serendipitous science of scarce events -- nearby neutron star mergers, for example. Advances in technology push the performance of new gamma-ray instruments to address a wide set of astrophysical questions., 14 pages including 3 figures

20. The next generation global gravitational wave observatory: the science book

Author

Kalogera, Vicky, Sathyaprakash, B. S., Bailes, Matthew, Bizouard, Marie-Anne, Buonanno, Alessandra, Burrows, Adam, Colpi, Monica, Evans, Matt, Fairhurst, Stephen, Hild, Stefan, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Lehner, Luis, Mandel, Ilya, Mandic, Vuk, Nissanke, Samaya, Papa, Maria Alessandra, Reddy, Sanjay, Rosswog, Stephan, Van Den Broeck, Chris, Ajith, P., Anand, Shreya, Andreoni, Igor, Arun, K. G., Barausse, Enrico, Baryakhtar, Masha, Belgacem, Enis, Berry, Christopher P. L., Bertacca, Daniele, Brito, Richard, Caprini, Chiara, Chatziioannou, Katerina, Coughlin, Michael, Cusin, Giulia, Dietrich, Tim, Dirian, Yves, East, Willaim E., Fan, Cilong, Figueroa, Daniel, Foffa, Stefano, Ghosh, Archisman, Hall, Evan, Harms, Jan, Harry, Ian, Hinderer, Tanja, Janka, Thomas, Kasen, Dan, Kotake, Kei, Lovelace, Geoffrey, Maggiore, Michele, Mangiagli, Alberto, Mapelli, Michela, Matas, Andrew, McIver, Jess, Messer, Bronson, Mezzacappa, Tony, Mills, Cameron, Mueller, Bernhard, Müller, Ewald, Pürrer, Michael, Pani, Paolo, Pratten, Geraint, Regimbau, Tania, Sakellariadou, Mairi, Schneider, Raffaella, Sesana, Alberto, Shao, Lijing, Sotiriou, P. Thomas, Tamanini, Nicola, Tauris, Thomas, Thrane, Eric, Valiante, Rosa, van de Meent, Maarten, Varma, Vijay, Vines, Justin, Vitale, Salvatore, Yang, Huan, Yunes, Nicolas, Zumalacarregui, Miguel, Kalogera, Vicky, Sathyaprakash, B. S., Bailes, Matthew, Bizouard, Marie-Anne, Buonanno, Alessandra, Burrows, Adam, Colpi, Monica, Evans, Matt, Fairhurst, Stephen, Hild, Stefan, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Lehner, Luis, Mandel, Ilya, Mandic, Vuk, Nissanke, Samaya, Papa, Maria Alessandra, Reddy, Sanjay, Rosswog, Stephan, Van Den Broeck, Chris, Ajith, P., Anand, Shreya, Andreoni, Igor, Arun, K. G., Barausse, Enrico, Baryakhtar, Masha, Belgacem, Enis, Berry, Christopher P. L., Bertacca, Daniele, Brito, Richard, Caprini, Chiara, Chatziioannou, Katerina, Coughlin, Michael, Cusin, Giulia, Dietrich, Tim, Dirian, Yves, East, Willaim E., Fan, Cilong, Figueroa, Daniel, Foffa, Stefano, Ghosh, Archisman, Hall, Evan, Harms, Jan, Harry, Ian, Hinderer, Tanja, Janka, Thomas, Kasen, Dan, Kotake, Kei, Lovelace, Geoffrey, Maggiore, Michele, Mangiagli, Alberto, Mapelli, Michela, Matas, Andrew, McIver, Jess, Messer, Bronson, Mezzacappa, Tony, Mills, Cameron, Mueller, Bernhard, Müller, Ewald, Pürrer, Michael, Pani, Paolo, Pratten, Geraint, Regimbau, Tania, Sakellariadou, Mairi, Schneider, Raffaella, Sesana, Alberto, Shao, Lijing, Sotiriou, P. Thomas, Tamanini, Nicola, Tauris, Thomas, Thrane, Eric, Valiante, Rosa, van de Meent, Maarten, Varma, Vijay, Vines, Justin, Vitale, Salvatore, Yang, Huan, Yunes, Nicolas, and Zumalacarregui, Miguel

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