1. Independent Associations of Neighborhood Deprivation and Patient-Level Social Determinants of Health With Textbook Outcomes After Inpatient Surgery
- Author
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Susanne Schmidt, PhD, Jeongsoo Kim, PhD, Michael A. Jacobs, MS, Daniel E. Hall, MD, MDiv, MHSc, Karyn B. Stitzenberg, MD, MPH, Lillian S. Kao, MD, MS, Bradley B. Brimhall, MD, M, Chen-Pin Wang, PhD, Laura S. Manuel, BS, Hoah-Der Su, MSMS, Jonathan C. Silverstein, MD, MS, and Paula K. Shireman, MD, MS, MBA
- Subjects
Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Objective:. Assess associations of social determinants of health (SDoH) using area deprivation index (ADI), race/ethnicity and insurance type with textbook outcomes (TO). Background:. Individual- and contextual-level SDoH affect health outcomes, but only one SDoH level is usually included. Methods:. Three healthcare system cohort study using National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (2013–2019) linked with ADI risk-adjusted for frailty, case status, and operative stress examining TO/TO components (unplanned reoperations, complications, mortality, emergency department/observation stays, and readmissions). Results:. Cohort (34,251 cases) mean age 58.3 [SD = 16.0], 54.8% females, 14.1% Hispanics, 11.6% Non-Hispanic Blacks, 21.6% with ADI >85, and 81.8% TO. Racial and ethnic minorities, non-private insurance, and ADI >85 patients had increased odds of urgent/emergent surgeries (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] range: 1.17–2.83, all P < 0.001). Non-Hispanic Black patients, ADI >85 and non-Private insurances had lower TO odds (aORs range: 0.55–0.93, all P < 0.04), but ADI >85 lost significance after including case status. Urgent/emergent versus elective had lower TO odds (aOR = 0.51, P < 0.001). ADI >85 patients had higher complication and mortality odds. Estimated reduction in TO probability was 9.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.2%–12.6%) for urgent/emergent cases, 7.0% (95% CI = 4.6%–9.3%) for Medicaid, and 1.6% (95% CI = 0.2%–3.0%) for non-Hispanic Black patients. TO probability difference for lowest-risk (White-Private-ADI 85-urgent/emergent) was 29.8% for very frail patients. Conclusion:. Multilevel SDoH had independent effects on TO, predominately affecting outcomes through increased rates/odds of urgent/emergent surgeries driving complications and worse outcomes. Lowest-risk versus highest-risk scenarios demonstrated the magnitude of intersecting SDoH variables. Combination of insurance type and ADI should be used to identify high-risk patients to redesign care pathways to improve outcomes. Risk adjustment including contextual neighborhood deprivation and patient-level SDoH could reduce unintended consequences of value-based programs.
- Published
- 2023
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