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Relevance. Intrapersonal emotional competence - the ability to recognize, understand and regulate one's own emotional states - is traditionally considered as a factor in both the ontogenetic development of empathy and its situational manifestation. However, there is a question of different levels and nature of the sources of emotional competence and empathy deficits and, accordingly, different ways to compensate for them, which is of particular importance for the practice of developing empathy, including the professional context of psychological counseling and psychotherapy. Goal. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of connections between empathy, alexithymia as an indicator of the deficit of emotional competence in relation to one's own feelings and psychological mindedness as an indicator of intentionality in relation to feelings and experiences. Materials and methods. On a combined sample of 1,123 people, including representatives of three cultures - Russia, Belarus, Armenia - data from the IRI questionnaire (empathy), TAS–20 (alexithymia) and «The psychological mindedness scale» were collected and analyzed. Results. The absence of significant negative connections of empathy with difficulties of awareness and identification of feelings, a stable significant positive connection with them of empathic personal distress, as well as externally oriented thinking with low empathy were found. 5 clusters have been identified, reflecting different variants of the connection between emotional competence and empathy. Conclusions. The conclusion is made about the relative independence of the influence of intentionality and competence/lack of emotional competence on empathy, as well as the need for further analysis of intentionality in the field of experiences and emotions.

The paper presents the review of scientific meetings dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the birth of Doctor of Psychology, Professor Fyodor Efimovich Vasilyuk (October 6, 2023, Moscow). The purpose of the event: discussion of F.E. Vasilyuk's contribution to science, practice and education in the field of psychotherapy and psychological counseling, the development of counseling psychology and educational practices in this area. The speakers' discussions also focused on the prospects for the development of his legacy. Particular attention was paid to the innovative approach to psychotherapeutic education, implemented at the Faculty of Counseling and Clinical Psychology of the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, created by F.E. Vasilyuk. It was decided to hold annual scientific meetings in memory of F.E. Vasilyuk.

Tm2(Ti2−xTmx)O7−x/2 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.18, 0.28, 0.74) solid electrolytes have been investigated as potential electrolyte materials for solid oxygen fuel cells (SOFCs), operating in the medium temperature range (600–700 °C). The design of new oxygen-conducting materials is of importance for their possible utilization in the solid oxide fuel cells. The oxygen–ion conductivity of the Tm2(Ti2−xTmx)O7−x/2 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.18, 0.28, 0.74) “stuffed” pyrochlores ceramics was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (two-probe AC) in dry and wet air. The synthesis of precursors via co-precipitation and the precipitate decomposition temperature have been shown to be of key importance for obtaining dense and highly conductive ceramics. At ~770 °C, the highest total conductivity, ~3.16 × 10−3 S/cm, is offered by Tm2Ti2O7. The conductivity of the fluorite-like solid solution Tm2(Ti2−xTmx)O7−x/2 (x = 0.74) is an order of magnitude lower. However, for the first time a proton contribution of ~5 × 10−5 S/cm at 600 °C has been found in Tm2(Ti2−xTmx)O7−x/2 (x = 0.74) fluorite. Until now, compositions with proton conductivity were not known for the intermediate and heavy rare earth titanates Ln2(Ti2−xLnx)O7−x/2 (Ln = Ho − Lu) systems. The use of X-ray diffraction (structural analysis with Rietveld refinement), optical spectroscopy and dielectric permittivity data allowed us to follow structural disordering in the solid solution series with increasing thulium oxide content. High and low cooling rates have been shown to have different effects on the properties of the ceramics. Slow cooling initiates’ growth of fluorite nanodomains in a pyrochlore matrix. The fabrication of such nanostructured dense composites is a promising direction in the synthesis of highly conductive solid electrolytes for SOFCs. We assume that high-temperature firing of nanophase precursors helps to obtain lightly doped “stuffed” pyrochlores, which also provide the high oxygen–ion conductivity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular composition of follicular fluid (FF) extracellular vesicles (EVs) in women of different reproductive ages and its possible relationship to sperm fertilizing ability. FF EVs were obtained by differential centrifugation. The concentration and size distribution of FF EVs were analyzed by nanoparticle tracking analysis. The lipidome and proteome were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The isolated FF EVs had a variety of shapes and sizes; their concentration and size distribution did not differ significantly between the age groups. In women younger than 35 years, the concentration of vesicular progesterone was 6.6 times higher than in women older than 35 years, and the total levels of the main lipid classes were increased in younger women. A proteomic analysis revealed that not only FF EV-specific proteins, but also proteins involved in sperm activation were present. New data were obtained on the composition of FF EVs, confirming their importance as molecular indicators of age-related changes in the female reproductive system. In addition, these results shed light on the possible interaction between the FF EVs of women in different age groups and male germ cells. Therefore, studying the transcriptomic and metabolomic profile of FF EVs may be a crucial approach to evaluate the efficacy of ART.

The present study is aimed at reviewing current researches on the relationship between empathy and burnout in helping professions. Traditionally, empathy is recognized as a core competence in this field. Occupational burnout in helping professionals is notable for its high levels and prevalence, as well as a variety of factors causing it, including specialists' regular encounters with negative emotions, sufferings and death of the recipients of their help (patients, clients etc.). The studies of the relationship between empathy and burnout were analyzed under one of the existing hypotheses: empathy promotes burnout; burnout reduces empathy; empathy prevents from burnout. This study considers phenomena specific to helping professions, such as secondary traumatization, compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction and emotional dissonance, as well as their association with burnout. The analysis suggests that all three hypotheses are relevant and that a more nuanced understanding of empathy is necessary to provide insight into its relationship to burnout. The problem of finding an association between empathy and burnout transforms into the one, concerning the quality (or level) of professional empathy, as well as the possibility and ability to regulate it.

The development of empathy at an early age (12-36 months) is gaining more and more attention due to the growing understanding of its importance in motivating care and prosocial behavior. The authors present the results of testing the standardized experimental procedure “simulated adult distress,” which is most often used in foreign psychology to study empathy in young children: the experimenter and the mother in the presence of the child take turns showing signs of pain/discomfort of low intensity for a short time. The study involved 12 girls aged 19-32 months. The children’s behavior was recorded by categories: hypothesis testing, empathic personal distress, empathic concern (care), and prosocial behavior. The study presents descriptions of behavioral manifestations in all the categories as well as a description of the identified phenomenon of repetition of adult behavior in the children aged 22-28 months. The results of the study allow to conclude that the use of the “simulated adult distress” procedure is promising for identifying empathy phenomena characteristic of an early age.

The characteristics of peripheral neuropathy (PN), its incidence and a possibility of relieving in multiple myeloma (MM) patients receiving bortezomib are presented. A hundred and twenty-four patients with recurrent/refractory MM and 14 primary patients were followed up. PN more commonly occurred after 3—5 cycles of bortezomib therapy. Grade > 2 PN was observed in 29% of the patients. The cumulative dose of bortezomib was 15.6 to 26 mg/m2. After 6—8 cycles the incidence of PN was also high. There was a correlation between the cumulative dose of bortezomib and the incidence of PN (R = 0.927; p < 0.0009). A correlation was also found between the incidence of PN and prior vincristine-containing treatment regimens (VAD scheme). Overall, PN was identified in 54% of the patients. Treatment of PN with gabapentin, pregabalin, vitamins B, and α-lipoic acid was effective. PN resolved to the baseline levels or the patients’ condition improved in 72% of the patients, the median time taken for resolution or improvement being 114 days. It is necessary to reduce the dose of bortezomib or to discontinue the drug temporarily in order to relieve the symptoms of neuropathy.

Efficiency of alemtuzumab (Campath) in 8 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was reported. Patients treated with alemtuzumab or alemtuzumab in combination with fludarabine (FluCam). Therapy response, overall survival and incidence of side effects were estimated. Among 5 patients with primary CLL, therapy response was 100%. Alemtuzumab was high effective in patients with relapsed and refractory CLL too. The main complications were myelosupression and infections. High efficacy of alemtuzumab in CLL therapy was shown.

The article substantiates the use of simulation modeling methods to organize efficient and safe passenger movement at the metro station. The list of key objects and their corresponding processes at ZIL station, a part of the Moscow Central Ring (surface line of the Moscow Metro), is determined using structural analysis methods. Based on the results obtained, the input parameters of the simulation model and the rules for realizing the processes corresponding to them were determined. Using specialized software tools, a 3D computer model has been developed that complies with the established rules and demonstrates all aspects of the subject area. Fragments of the model realizing certain scenarios of passenger movement through the station facilities are presented. The obtained model can be used to develop the concept of sustainable development of urban areas and transportation.

The product of ozonolysis, glycero-(9,10-trioxolane)-trioleate (ozonide of oleic acid triglyceride, [OTOA]), was incorporated into polylactic acid/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) blend films in the amount of 1, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40% w/w. The morphological, mechanical, thermal and antibacterial properties of the biodegradable PLA/PCL films after the OTOA addition were studied. According to DSC and XRD data, the degree of crystallinity of the PLA/PCL + OTOA films showed a general decreasing trend with an increase in OTOA content. Thus, a significant decrease from 34.0% for the reference PLA/PCL film to 15.7% for the PLA/PCL + 40% OTOA film was established using DSC. Observed results could be explained by the plasticizing effect of OTOA. On the other hand, the PLA/PCL film with 20% OTOA does not follow this trend, showing an increase in crystallinity both via DSC (20.3%) and XRD (34.6%). OTOA molecules, acting as a plasticizer, reduce the entropic barrier for nuclei formation, leading to large number of PLA spherulites in the plasticized PLA/PCL matrix. In addition, OTOA molecules could decrease the local melt viscosity at the vicinity of the growing lamellae, leading to faster crystal growth. Morphological analysis showed that the structure of the films with an OTOA concentration above 20% drastically changed. Specifically, an interface between the PLA/PCL matrix and OTOA was formed, thereby forming a capsule with the embedded antibacterial agent. The moisture permeability of the resulting PLA/PCL + OTOA films decreased due to the formation of uniformly distributed hydrophobic amorphous zones that prevented water penetration. This architecture affects the tensile characteristics of the films: strength decreases to 5.6 MPa, elastic modulus E by 40%. The behavior of film elasticity is associated with the redistribution of amorphous regions in the matrix. Additionally, PLA/PCL + OTOA films with 20, 30 and 40% of OTOA showed good antibacterial properties on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Raoultella terrigena (Klebsiella terrigena) and Agrobacterium tumefaciens, making the developed films potentially promising materials for wound-dressing applications.

Background. The treatment options for patients with multiple myeloma who refractory to previous bortezomib and lenalidomide therapy are limited. Pomalidomide is ап immunomodulatory agent that was registered for the treatment of patients with double refractory multiple myeloma.Aim. To evaluate efficacy, safety and optimal course of the therapy with pomalidomide in routine practice in patients with double refractory multiple myeloma.Materials and methods. Overall, 71 patients with double refractory multiple myeloma were included in the retrospective analysis. There were 36 males and 35 females. The median age was 61 years (range 35-79). According to Durie-Salmon staging system, there were 53 (79.1 %) patients in stage III, 13 (19.4 %) - stage II, and 1 (1.5 %) - stage I.The stage was unknown in 4 patients. Kidney impairment at the onset was in 10 (15 %) patients, the normal function was in 57 (85 %) patients and 4 patients had no data. Most patients (n = 68, 95.8 %) received pomalidomide in one therapy line, in 3 (4.2 %) patients - drug was given in two lines, totally 74 episodes of use. Median number of drugs prescribed prior to pomalidomide were 4 (2-9) drugs, including target ones - 2 (2-5). In the first remission 31 (43.6 %) patients received high-dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation. pomalidomide was administered in combination with low doses of dexamethasone (PomDex, n = 44; 59.4 %) and as a part of triple regimens (n = 30; 40.6 %). previously exposed (n = 22; 73.3 %) and new drugs (n = 8; 26.7 %) were used in the combination treatment. In 44 (61.9 %) patients pomalidomide was administered more than 3 years after the onset of the disease, median 63.5 (37-184) months. In 27 (38.1 %) patients it was given within less than 3 years after the onset, median 21 (6-36) months. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints - pomalidomide tolerability, response rate and optimal third drug in the triple regimen. The dependence of progression-free survival, frequency of response and adverse events from the pretreatment, the choice of the third drug, gender, age, immunochemical variant, stage according to the International Staging System and to Durie-Salmon classification was studied.Results. The median time from the diagnosis to the start of pomalidomide therapy was 44.5 (6-184) months. The median of cycles with pomalidomide was 3 (1-30). The response was achieved in 52 (70 %) patients. The median progression-free survival was 4 (1-30) months, overall survival - 6 (0.5-42) months. Adverse effects were noted in 34 (46.5 %) patients. The most frequent adverse events were neutropenia grade III-IV (n = 14; 41.3 %), infection (n = 7; 20.7 %) and fatigue with limitation of daily activity (n = 6; 20.6 %). The rate of adverse events was higher in patients with triplets than doublets regimens of therapy: 43.3 % (n = 13) and 27.2 % (n = 12) respectively (p = 0.008). There were no statistically significant differences in progression-free survival between pomalidomide treatment options (two- or three-component regimen).Conclusion. Compared to the three-component therapy consisting of drugs to which refractoriness was previously diagnosed the PomDex scheme is less toxic and equally effective. Therapy with pomalidomide is effective in the majority of patients with double refractory multiple myeloma even in heavily pretreated. The toxicity is acceptable.

IntroductionTyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy has greatly improved the prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), improving the survival expectancy of patients with chronic phase (CP) CML to that of the general population. However, despite these advances, nearly 50% of patients with CP CML experience failure to respond to frontline therapy, and most fail to respond to the subsequent second-line TKI. Treatment guidelines for patients failing second-line therapy are lacking. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of TKIs as third-line therapy in a “real-world” clinical practice setting and identify factors favorably influencing the long-term outcomes of therapy.MethodsWe have retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 100 patients with CP CML.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 51 (range, 21–88) years, and 36% of the patients were men. The median duration of the third-line TKI therapy was 22 (range, 1– 147) months. Overall, the rate of achieving complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) was 35%. Among the four patient groups with different levels of responses at baseline, the best results were achieved in the groups with any CyR at the baseline of third-line therapy. Thus, СCyR was reached in all 15 and 8/ 16 (50%) patients with partial cytogenetic response (PCyR) or minimal or minor CyR (mmCyR), respectively, whereas CCyR was detected only in 12/69 (17%) patients without any CyR at baseline (p < 0.001). Univariate regression analysis revealed that the factors negatively associated with CCyR achievement in thirdline TKI therapy were the absence of any CyR on first- or second-line TKI therapy (p < 0.001), absence of CHR prior to third-line TKI (p = 0.003), and absence of any CyR prior to third-line TKI (p < 0.001). During the median observation time from treatment initiation to the last visit [56 (4–180) months], 27% of cases progressed into accelerated phase or blast phase CML, and 32% of patients died.DiscussionProgression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly higher in patients with CCyR on third-line than in the group without CCyR on third-line therapy. At the last visit, third-line TKI therapy was ongoing in 18% of patients, with a median time of treatment exposure of 58 (range, 6–140) months; 83% of these patients had stable and durable CCyR, suggesting that patients without CHR at baseline and without CCyR at least by 12 months on third-line TKI should be candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplantation, third-generation TKIs, or experimental therapies.

To overcome the crisis of the modern school institution, it is necessary to qualitatively rethink its foundations and to design fundamentally new approaches to implementing the educational program. The theoretical and methodological bases of the concept of a new type of school as a development practice, based on the provisions of Russian cultural-historical psychology and the activity approach are presented. The purpose of the work is to consider in the modern context the key theoretical provisions of Russian psychology and to formulate the methodological principles arising from them, which set the conditions for organizing the educational process, thus ensuring the transition from theory to practice. The key concepts of the school model are development, agency and collaboration: infinite development is formulated as the supreme goal and value of the school, the development of the position of agency is considered as the main productive process, and collaboration is the main professional principle. Eight basic principles are formulated as follows: intent - implementation - reflection as a methodological scheme for organizing school processes, the principle of multidimensional development, the principle of equal importance of school activities, the principle of congruence, the principle of organizing the educational space as a space for growing up, the principle of fellowship of practices and the development-oriented approach to evaluation. Thus, the article presents the authors view of the school as a scientifically grounded anthropological practice. The implementation of the concept, which has already begun in Russia, is an experiment that will make it possible to verify these theoretical and methodological provisions.

We report a study of nanophases in the La2O3–MO3 (M = Mo, W) systems, which are known to contain a variety of good oxygen-ion and proton conductors. Mechanically activated La2O3 + MO3 (M = Mo, W) mixtures and the final ceramics have been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinement. The microstructure of the materials has been examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their conductivity in dry and wet air has been determined using impedance spectroscopy. In both systems, the formation of hexagonal La15M8.5O48 (phase II, 5H polytype) (M = Mo, W) nanophases is observed for the composition 1:1, with exothermic peaks in the DSC curve in the range ~480–520 °C for La15Mo8.5O48 and ~685–760 °C for La15W8.5O48, respectively. The crystallite size of the nanocrystalline tungstates is ~40 nm, and that of the nanocrystalline molybdates is ~50 nm. At higher temperatures (~630–690 and ~1000 °C), we observe irreversible reconstructive phase transitions of hexagonal La15Mo8.5O48 to tetragonal γ-La2MoO6 and of hexagonal La15W8.5O48 to orthorhombic β-La2WO6. We compare the temperature dependences of conductivity for nanoparticulate and microcrystalline hexagonal phases and high-temperature phases differing in density. Above 600 °C, oxygen ion conduction prevails in the coarse-grained La18W10O57 (phase I, 6H polytype) ceramic. Low-density La15W8.5O48 and La15Mo8.5O48 (phase II, 5H polytype) nanoceramics exhibit predominantly electron conduction with an activation energy of 1.36 and 1.35 eV, respectively, in dry air.

The 2019 outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute coronavirus 2 respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has been a global concern since December 2019. Although most patients with COVID-19 have mild clinical manifestations, in about 5% of these patients the disease eventually progresses to severe lung injury or even multiple organ dysfunction. This situation presents various problems for hepatology. In the context of liver damage in patients with COVID-19, several key problems need to be addressed. For example, it is important to determine whether a SARS-CoV-2 can directly enter the liver, especially when it appears that ACE2 is marginally expressed in hepatocytes. In addition, the mechanisms underlying liver dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 are multifactorial and are associated with hyperinflammation, dysregulated immune responses, abnormal coagulation, and drugs. The article describes the potential pathogenesis of liver damage associated with COVID-19. Histopathological evidence suggests a marked disruption of the intrahepatic network of blood vessels secondary to systemic changes caused by a virus that can trigger a coagulation cascade and damage the endothelial layer of blood vessels. There is also a clinical case of polyethylene damage to the liver in a young man who led to death. Against the background of infection COVID-19 he developed massive thrombosis of the liver vessels, followed by the development of necrosis — fibrosis — cirrhosis — acute liver failure, which caused death.

Background. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohystiocytosis (sHLH) is a hyperinflammatory reaction provoked by some trigger (cancer, autoimmune or infection). The majority of affected patients are at high risk of fatal multiple organ failure without getting immunsupressive treatment.Objective. Clinical and laboratory profile of sHLH patients.Materials and methods. Retrospective study included clinical, instrumental and lab data from the 91 patients followed between June 2009 and June 2019. Diagnosis sHLH had been based on HLH-2004 and H-Score criteria. The analyzed parameters had been fever chart, liver and spleen enlargement, changes in the bone marrow; values levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, triglycerides, total ferritin with percentage of glycosylation. All patients with rheumatic disorders or malignancies had received either immunosuppressive or cytotoxic therapy. Febrile patients received anti-infective treatment according to the local routine protocols.Results. The data from 91 patients (41 male and 50 female) had been analyzed. Median age was 58 (2–90) years. The sHLH trigger-diseases spectrum included leukemia/lymphoma (n = 52), infection diseases (n = 11), autoimmune disorders (n = 5), allogenic bone marrow transplantation (n = 13), unidentified (n = 10). A fever with an unknown origin and refractory to antibacterial treatment had been observed in 87 (96 %) patients. Morphological hemophagocytic evidences in the bone marrow had been found in 83 %. Breath shortening, liver failure, neurologic disturbances, systemic effusions, rash, heart failure had been registered in 83 % patients. Detected splenomegaly presented in 56 %. Laboratory changes, median were as following: serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (alanine aminotransferase, SGPT) – 92 (39.2–1060.8) IU/L; serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (aspartate aminotransferase, SGOT) – 105 (40–4177) IU/L; alkaline phosphatase – 225 (120.9–989) IU/L; bilirubin – 50.5 (22–559) µmol/L; triglycerides – 3.2 (1.95–8.6) mmol/L; total ferritin – 10000 (597–255000) ng/mL with glycosylation percentage – 20.45 (0–37.8) %. 71 patients received various of HLH-directed therapy courses. The overall survival rate was 27 %, median follow-up – 540 days.Conclusion. The main clinical and instrumental findings in sHLH are fever, refractory to anti-infective treatment, elevation of transaminases, serum alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, total ferritine with low glycosylated fraction. Early diagnosing and immunesupression are the main factors of survival.

The article defines the problem of environmental condition of a road segment and the reasons for such condition. Key factors have been defined having a negative effect on the environment. One of the factors is organization of pedestrian traffic in the transport system of the Koptevo district in the Northern Administrative District of Moscow. The research target boundaries have been defined, which are limited by Mikhalkovskaya Street and adjacent area. The research target has been structurally analyzed to identify all key objects and their characteristics affecting the pedestrian flows. Graphical and parametric models of the research target have been developed, which are a basis for modeling scenarios of changes in various characteristics of a real object. Such changes are necessary to develop the concept of sustainable development of the area.

Background: Diopside-based ceramic is a perspective biocompatible material with numerous potential applications in the field of bone prosthetics. Implantable devices and materials are often prone to colonization and biofilm formation by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, which in the case of bone grafting leads to osteomyelitis, an infectious bone and bone marrow injury. To lower the risk of bacterial colonization, implanted materials can be impregnated with antimicrobials. In this work, we loaded the antibacterial enzyme lysostaphin on diopside powder and studied the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of such material to probe the utility of this approach for diopside-based prosthetic materials. Methods: Diopside powder was synthesized by the solid-state method, lysostaphin was loaded on diopside by adsorption, the release of lysostaphin from diopside was monitored by ELISA, and antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity was assessed by standard microbiological procedures. Results and conclusions: Lysostaphin released from diopside powder showed high antibacterial activity against planktonic bacteria and effectively destroyed 24-h staphylococcal biofilms. Diopside-based materials possess a potential for the development of antibacterial bone grafting materials.

The present study is devoted to the significance of personal experience for the psychotherapist’s empathy in the context of her/his professional activity. As a result of processing interviews (N=14) using the grounded theory methodology, we reveal and describe the phenomenon of the empathic involvement of the therapist that occurs in the intersection of his/her own traumatic experience and the client’s experience. The structure of the phenomenon, contextual conditions and causal reasons for its occurrence, the psychotherapist’s action/interaction strategies with the phenomenon of empathic involvement and the consequences of these strategies are analyzed. Various forms of empathic involvement are identified: when the client’s experience is similar to the experience of the therapist’s trauma and when the client provokes a response as, rather, the source of the trauma. The analysis of the interviews shows that empathic involvement places the therapist not only in a situation of sympathetic understanding of the client but also in the area of his/her own traumarelated experiences, including the process of giving the meaning and significance to the professional activity.