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4. Shrink effects on nanoscale MOS capacitor in visible and NIR spectral Ranges

Author

Jeremy Belhassen, Avraham Chelly, and Avi Karsenty

Subjects
Nanoscale MOS Capacitor, Shrink Effects, Numerical model, C-V characteristics analysis, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

This research explores the influence of visible and near-infrared light on the electrical characteristics of nanoscale MOS capacitors, examining the effects of light intensity and spectral composition. Photon absorption within the device stimulates an enhancement of the inversion electron layer. A spectral analysis encompassing the ultraviolet to near-infrared range (400–1100 nm) is presented. Research on nanoscale devices of this nature can contribute to a profound understanding of fundamental light-matter interactions at the atomic and molecular scale. This knowledge can pave the way for the development of novel optoelectronic coupled devices, which combine light trigger and electronic functionalities. These devices, when integrated in Photonics Integrated Circuits (PICs), could have applications in areas such as solar cells, photodetectors, and future ultrasmall electronic components.

Published
2024
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6. Prevalence and location of coronary artery disease in anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries

Author

Zendjebil, Sandra, Koutsoukis, Athanasios, Rodier, Thomas, Hyafil, Fabien, Halna du Fretay, Xavier, Dupouy, Patrick, Juliard, Jean-Michel, Farnoud, Reza, Ou, Phalla, Laissy, Jean-Pierre, Couffignal, Camille, Aubry, Pierre, Abi Khalil, Wissam, Aguirre, Luc, Akesbi, Abdel, Aubry, Pierre, Banus, Yves, Belle, Loic, Benamer, Hakim, Biron, Yves, Boiffard, Emmanuel, Bouallal, Rachid, Boudvillain, Olivier, Bourkaïb, Ryad, Brasselet, Camille, Bressollette, Erwan, Brunel, Philippe, Champagnac, Didier, Coco, Michel, Commeau, Philippe, Cook, Stephane, Couppie, Philippe, de Poli, Fabien, Delorme, Laurent, Descoutures, Fleur, Didier, Romain, Ducrocq, Gregory, Dupouy, Patrick, Durier, Chloé, El Mahmoud, Rami, Estève, Jean-Baptiste, Faurie, Benjamin, Garbarz, Eric, Georges, Jean-Louis, Gerardin, Benoit, Gibault-Genty, Géraldine, Gilard, Martine, Godin, Matthieu, Goy, Jean-Jacques, Haffner-Debus, Claire, Halna du Fretay, Xavier, Hanssen, Michel, Hascoët, Sébastien, Jacquemin, Laurent, Jeanneteau, Julien, Joseph, Thierry, Juliard, Jean-Michel, Karsenty, Bernard, Koning, René, La Scala, Eugenio, Leddet, Pierre, Lemesle, Gilles, Leurent, Guillaume, Levy, Raphy, Livarek, Bernard, Loubeyre, Christophe, Maillard, Luc, Mangin, Lionel, Marlière, Stéphanie, Nejjari, Mohammed, Ohlmann, Patrick, Poulos, Nabil, Py, Antoine, Ranc, Sylvain, Rialan, Alain, Roriz, Ricardo, Rougier, Pierre, Staat, Patrick, Thuaire, Christophe, Togni, Mario, van Rothem, Jérôme, Varenne, Olivier, and Voudris, Vassilis

Published
2024
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7. Towards Augmenting Tip-Enhanced Nanoscopy with Optically Resolved Scanning Probe Tips

Author

Belhassen, Jeremy, Glass, Simha, Stanciu, George A., Tranca, Denis E., Zalevsky, Zeev, Stanciu, Stefan G., and Karsenty, Avi

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

A thorough understanding of biological species and of emerging nanomaterials requires, among others, their in-depth characterization with optical techniques capable of nano-resolution. Nanoscopy techniques based on tip-enhanced optical effects have gained over the past years tremendous interest given their potential to probe various optical properties with resolutions depending on the size of a sharp probe interacting with focused light, irrespective of the illumination wavelength. Although their popularity and number of applications is rising, tip-enhanced nanoscopy techniques (TEN) still largely rely on probes that are not specifically developed for such applications, but for Atomic Force Microscopy. This cages their potential in many regards, e.g. in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, attainable image quality, or extent of applications. In this article we place first steps towards next-gen TEN, demonstrating the fabrication and modelling of specialized TEN probes with known optical properties. The proposed framework is highly flexible and can be easily adjusted to be of o benefit to various types of TEN techniques, for which probes with known optical properties could potentially enable faster and more accurate imaging via different routes, such as direct signal enhancement or novel signal modulation strategies. We consider that the reported development can pave the way for a vast number of novel TEN imaging protocols and applications, given the many advantages that it offers., Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures

Published
2022
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10. Neurodevelopmental outcome in children between one and five years after persistent pulmonary hypertension of term and near-term newborns

Author

Laetitia Atlan, Lionel Berthomieu, Caroline Karsenty, Géraldine Gascoin, Catherine Arnaud, and Sophie Breinig

Subjects
persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, neurodevelopmental outcome, inhaled nitric oxide, ages and stages questionnaire ASQ-3, follow-up, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

BackgroundPersistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a serious condition that affects 1–2 per 1,000 newborns. Scientific data report the existence of neurological developmental abnormalities between 10 and 30%, but the description of these disorders linked with this situation of cerebral hypoxia and haemodynamic failure remains poorly documented.ObjectiveThe main goal of this study was to describe the prevalence of neuro-psychomotor developmental disorders in children aged between one and five years old who have been hospitalised at birth in a neonatal intensive care unit for the management of PPHN.MethodsAll of the newborns ≥34 weeks of gestational age (WGA) with PPHN, treated with inhaled nitric oxide in our neonatal intensive care unit between January 2015 and December 2019 were retrospectively enrolled. An ASQ-3 standardised questionnaire, adapted to the appropriate age (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months) was performed by the parents.ResultsFifty-five children (81% of answers) with a median age of 36 months (11–68), whose real age was close to the one of the questionnaire (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months), have been included in this study. There was 47% of pathological score [borderline: less than 1 standard deviation (SD) or suspect: less than 2SD] in at least one of the five studied domains, mainly in communication (25%) and individual and social skills (22%), despite a high overall score of 250 [220; 285] out of 300 that improved with age.ConclusionThis study showed a significant prevalence of neuro-psychomotor developmental disorders which justifies making more accessible a prolonged and adapted follow-up for early and multidisciplinary screening and management of these children with PPHN history. Larger cohorts are needed to better explore long term outcome of these vulnerable term neonates.

Published
2024
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13. Female urethral stricture

Author

Peyronnet, Benoit, Freton, Lucas, Marcelli, François, Madec, Francois-Xavier, Neuville, Paul, Morel-Journel, Nicolas, and Karsenty, Gilles

Published
2024
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20. Comparison of quality of life after bladder augmentation in patients previously treated with intradetrusor botulinum toxin A for neurogenic detrusor overactivity

Author

Bakali Issaui, Zakaria, Truong, Xuan Quang, Genon, Morgane, Gaillet, Sarah, Tournebise, Hubert, Zini, Pauline, Bernuz, Benjamin, Thiry Escudier, Isabelle, Bardot, Philippe, Radot, Caroline, Muro, Camino, Lenne Aurier, Karine, Bonopera, Rémi, De Brier, Gratiane, Boissier, Romain, Lechevallier, Eric, Karsenty, Gilles, and Michel, Floriane

Published
2024
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23. Development of a predictive tool for sacral nerve modulation implantation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention and/or slow urinary stream: a study from the Neuro-Urology Committee of the French Association of Urology

Author

Nasri, Jordan, Al Ashimi, Intisar, Tricard, Thibault, Fleury, Raphael, Matta, Imad, Bey, Elsa, Mesnard, Benoit, Gaillet, Sarah, Martin, Claire, Game, Xavier, Thuillier, Caroline, Chartier-Kastler, Emmanuel, Karsenty, Gilles, Perrouin-Verbe, Marie-Aimée, Demeestere, Amelie, Wagner, Laurent, Ruffion, Alain, Peyronnet, Benoit, Saussine, Christian, Phé, Véronique, Vermersch, Patrick, De Wachter, Stefan, and Biardeau, Xavier

Published
2023
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24. Processes of Decision-Making by Mathematics PD Facilitators: The Role of Resources, Orientations, Goals, and Identities

Author

Karsenty, Ronnie, Pöhler, Birte, Schwarts, Gil, Prediger, Susanne, and Arcavi, Abraham

Abstract

Facilitators of professional development (PD) for mathematics teachers currently gain increasing attention, as their practices are crucial for the success of spreading mathematics educational ideas and innovations into schools and strengthening the professional expertise of teachers. So far, mainly two components of facilitation have been empirically researched: facilitators' knowledge resources and facilitation moves. In this paper, we propose to develop a more comprehensive conceptual framework in order to explain facilitators' practices and underlying decisions. For this purpose, we lift Schoenfeld's ROG framework for teachers' decision-making (comprising resources, orientations, and goals) to the facilitator level, and add identity as a fourth component to obtain what we call the ROGI framework. We draw on data collected simultaneously in two PD projects for mathematics teachers in Germany and in Israel. Through three cases of facilitation, we illustrate how the adapted ROGI framework helps to understand processes of decision-making made by facilitators during mathematics professional development sessions.

Published
2023
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25. The Servants of Two Discourses: How Novice Facilitators Draw on Their Mathematics Teaching Experience

Author

Schwarts, Gil, Elbaum-Cohen, Avital, Pöhler, Birte, Prediger, Susanne, Arcavi, Abraham, and Karsenty, Ronnie

Abstract

Professional development (PD) courses are the main context for mathematics teachers' lifelong learning. Leaders with expertise are needed to facilitate these courses; thus, there is a growing interest in understanding the nature of this profession, its core practices, and the challenges it entails. This paper focuses on a specific group of facilitators: experienced mathematics teachers who have just begun facilitating PD courses in addition to their classroom teaching. To better understand these novice facilitators' practices, a commognitive approach was implemented to examine how they draw on their mathematics teaching experience when leading PD courses. In commognitive terms, these practitioners draw on multiple professional discourses, but mostly on the discourses of teaching and facilitation. The analysis of the challenges and affordances associated with participating in these two professional discourses showed that novice facilitators bring into play their teaching practices in four distinct ways: enacting a familiar practice, negating a familiar practice, questioning the relevance of a familiar practice, and generating a new practice based on their teaching experience. We claim that novice facilitators' well-established identity as teachers is both a challenge and an asset in grounding successful facilitation practices. Overall, facilitators modify their teaching experience through the adoption, adaptation, and retraction of their teaching practices. Implications for the preparation and support of facilitators, within processes of upscaling PD programs, are discussed.

Published
2023
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26. Efficacy of a Transition Program in Adolescents and Young Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: The TRANSITION-CHD Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Bredy, Charlene, Werner, Oscar, Huguet, Helena, Guillaumont, Sophie, Auer, Annie, Requirand, Anne, Lavastre, Kathleen, Abassi, Hamouda, De La Villeon, Gregoire, Vincenti, Marie, Gavotto, Arthur, Vincent, Remi, Pommier, Victor, Dulac, Yves, Souletie, Nathalie, Acar, Philippe, Karsenty, Clement, Guitarte, Aitor, Berge, Marie, Marguin, Gaelle, Masseron, Marie-Paule, Pages, Laurence, Bourrel, Gerard, Engberink, Agnes Oude, Million, Elodie, Huby, Anne-Cecile, Leobon, Bertrand, Picot, Marie-Christine, and Amedro, Pascal

Published
2024
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33. Meeting Report: Aging Research and Drug Discovery

Author

Meron, Esther, Thaysen, Maria, Angeli, Suzanne, Antebi, Adam, Barzilai, Nir, Baur, Joseph A, Bekker-Jensen, Simon, Birkisdottir, Maria, Bischof, Evelyne, Bruening, Jens, Brunet, Anne, Buchwalter, Abigail, Cabreiro, Filipe, Cai, Shiqing, Chen, Brian H, Ermolaeva, Maria, Ewald, Collin Y, Ferrucci, Luigi, Florian, Maria Carolina, Fortney, Kristen, Freund, Adam, Georgievskaya, Anastasia, Gladyshev, Vadim N, Glass, David, Golato, Tyler, Gorbunova, Vera, Hoejimakers, Jan, Houtkooper, Riekelt H, Jager, Sibylle, Jaksch, Frank, Janssens, Georges, Jensen, Martin Borch, Kaeberlein, Matt, Karsenty, Gerard, de Keizer, Peter, Kennedy, Brian, Kirkland, James L, Kjaer, Michael, Kroemer, Guido, Lee, Kai-Fu, Lemaitre, Jean-Marc, Liaskos, David, Longo, Valter D, Lu, Yu-Xuan, MacArthur, Michael R, Maier, Andrea B, Manakanatas, Christina, Mitchell, Sarah J, Moskalev, Alexey, Niedernhofer, Laura, Ozerov, Ivan, Partridge, Linda, Passegué, Emmanuelle, Petr, Michael A, Peyer, James, Radenkovic, Dina, Rando, Thomas A, Rattan, Suresh, Riedel, Christian G, Rudolph, Lenhard, Ai, Ruixue, Serrano, Manuel, Schumacher, Björn, Sinclair, David A, Smith, Ryan, Suh, Yousin, Taub, Pam, Trapp, Alexandre, Trendelenburg, Anne-Ulrike, Valenzano, Dario Riccardo, Verburgh, Kris, Verdin, Eric, Vijg, Jan, Westendorp, Rudi GJ, Zonari, Alessandra, Bakula, Daniela, Zhavoronkov, Alex, and Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten

Subjects
Aging, aging, drug discovery, conference, AI, longevity, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Physiology, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Aging is the single largest risk factor for most chronic diseases, and thus possesses large socioeconomic interest to continuously aging societies. Consequently, the field of aging research is expanding alongside a growing focus from the industry and investors in aging research. This year's 8th Annual Aging Research and Drug Discovery (ARDD) meeting was organized as a hybrid meeting from August 30th to September 3rd 2021 with more than 130 attendees participating on-site at the Ceremonial Hall at University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and 1800 engaging online. The conference comprised of presentations from 75 speakers focusing on new research in topics including mechanisms of aging and how these can be modulated as well as the use of AI and new standards of practices within aging research. This year, a longevity workshop was included to build stronger connections with the clinical community.

Published
2022

36. Lympho-hematopoietic malignancies risk after exposure to low dose ionizing radiation during cardiac catheterization in childhood

Author

Abalo, Kossi D, Malekzadeh-Milani, Sophie, Hascoët, Sébastien, Dreuil, Serge, Feuillet, Tiphaine, Damon, Cecilia, Bouvaist, Hélène, Bouzguenda, Ivan, Cohen, Sarah, Dauphin, Claire, Di Filippo, Sylvie, Douchin, Stéphanie, Godart, François, Guérin, Patrice, Helms, Pauline, Karsenty, Clément, Lefort, Bruno, Mauran, Pierre, Ovaert, Caroline, Piéchaud, Jean-François, Thambo, Jean-Benoît, Lee, Choonsik, Little, Mark P, Bonnet, Damien, Bernier, Marie-Odile, and Rage, Estelle

Published
2023
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37. Near-field projection optical microscope (NPOM) as a new approach to nanoscale super-resolved imaging

Author

Abhijit Sanjeev, David Glukhov, Rinsa Salahudeen Rafeeka, Avi Karsenty, and Zeev Zalevsky

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract A new super-resolution method, entitled Near-field Projection Optical Microscopy (NPOM), is presented. This novel technique enables the imaging of nanoscale objects without the need for surface scanning, as is usually required in existing methods such as NSOM (near-field scanning optical microscope). The main advantage of the proposed concept, besides the elimination of the need for a mechanical scanning mechanism, is that the full field of regard/view is imaged simultaneously and not point-by-point as in scanning-based techniques. Furthermore, by using compressed sensing, the number of projected patterns needed to decompose the spatial information of the inspected object can be made smaller than the obtainable points of spatial resolution. In addition to the development of mathematical formalism, this paper presents the results of a series of complementary numerical tests, using various objects and patterns, that were performed to verify the accuracy of the reconstruction capabilities. We have also performed a proof of concept experiment to support the numerical formalism.

Published
2023
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40. International norms for adult handgrip strength: A systematic review of data on 2.4 million adults aged 20 to 100+ years from 69 countries and regions

Author

Aadahl, Mette, Abdin, Edimansyah, Alcazar, Julian, Alenazi, Aqeel, Alqahtani, Bader, Amaral, Cledir De A., Amaral, Thatiana L.M., Fernandes, Alex Andrade, Axelsson, Peter, Baldwin, Jennifer N., Bammann, Karin, Barbosa, Aline R., Bardo, Ameline, Bimali, Inosha, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bobak, Martin, Boreham, Colin A., Bös, Klaus, Marins, João Carlos Bouzas, Burns, Joshua, Capkova, Nadezda, Castillo-Martínez, Lilia, Chen, Liang-Kung, Choi, Siu Ming, Choong, Rebecca K.J., Confortin, Susana C., Cooper, Cyrus, Correa-Bautista, Jorge E., Cournil, Amandine, Cruz, Grace, de Bruin, Eling D., De Paz, José Antonio, Moreira, Bruno De Souza, Anjos, Luiz Antonio Dos, Reyna, María Cristina Enríquez, Ferriolli, Eduardo, Forrester, Gillian, Frolova, Elena, Gebre, Abadi K., Ghaleb, Atef M., Gill, Tiffany K., Gondo, Yasuyuki, Gonzalez, M. Cristina, Alvarez, Citlali Gonzalez, Hannah, Mary K., Harvey, Nicholas C., Hogrel, Jean-Yves, Huemer, Marie-Theres, Iidaka, Toshiko, Ingram, Lewis A., Jdanov, Dmitri A., Keevil, Victoria L., Kemmler, Wolfgang, Kenny, Rose Anne, Kim, Dae-Yeon, Kivell, Tracy L., Kjær, Ingirid G.H., Kluttig, Alexander, Kozakai, Rumi, Langer, Danit, Larsen, Lisbeth A., Lee, Wei-Ju, Leon, David A., Lichtenstein, Eric, Little, Bertis B., Lourenço, Roberto Alves, Malhotra, Rahul, Malina, Robert M., Matsumoto, Kiyoaki, Mazor-Karsenty, Tal, McKay, Marnee J., McLoughlin, Sinéad, Mensegere, Abhishek L., Mohammadian, Mostafa, Moreira, Virgilio Garcia, Murayama, Hiroshi, Murray, Anne, Neri, Anita Liberalesso, Niessner, Claudia, Othón, Gabriel Núñez, Olveira, Gabriel, Orchard, Suzanne G., Pajak, Andrezj, Park, Chan Woong, Pasco, Julie A., Reyes, Maria E. Peña, Pereira, Leani Souza Máximo, Peters, Annette, Poon, Eric Tsz-Chun, Portela, Margareth C., Pratt, Jedd, Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson, Rodríguez-García, Wendy, Ryan, Joanne, San-Martín, Mauricio A., Sánchez-Torralvo, Francisco José, Saremi, Mahnaz, Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno, Seino, Satoshi, Shah, Shamsul Azhar, Sim, Marc, Strand, Bjørn Heine, Subramaniam, Mythily, Suetta, Charlotte, Sui, Sophia X., Sundarakumar, Jonas S., Suzuki, Koya, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Maw Pin, Taniguchi, Yu, Thorand, Barbara, Turusheva, Anna, Tveter, Anne Therese, Wagner, Jonathan, Wang, Dao, Warden, Stuart J., Wearing, Julia, Wee, Shiou Liang, Westbury, Leo D., Wiśniowska-Szurlej, Agnieszka, Woll, Alexander, Yoshimura, Noriko, Yu, Ruby, Tomkinson, Grant R., Lang, Justin J., Rubín, Lukáš, McGrath, Ryan, Gower, Bethany, Boyle, Terry, Klug, Marilyn G., Mayhew, Alexandra J., Blake, Henry T., Ortega, Francisco B., Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, Magnussen, Costan G., Fraser, Brooklyn J., Kidokoro, Tetsuhiro, Liu, Yang, Christensen, Kaare, and Leong, Darryl P.

Published
2024
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47. Social and clinical vulnerability in stroke and STEMI management during the COVID-19 pandemic: a registry-based study

Author

Jérome Berge, Gaultier Marnat, Emmanuel Ellie, Igor Sibon, Basile Ondze, Ludovic Lucas, Xavier Combes, Catherine Pradeau, Pierre Coste, Jean-Luc Banos, Nicolas Delarche, François Rouanet, Pierre Fournier, Patricia Bernady, David Higue, Julie Péron, Stephanie Bannier, Virginie Heydel, Nathalie Goulois, Francois Orcival, Stephanie Vandentorren, Jean-Louis Leymarie, Bernard Karsenty, Emilie Lesaine, Sandrine Domecq, Laura Cetran, Sahal Miganeh-Hadi, Floriane Sevin, Stéphanie Demasles, Régis Hubrecht, Florence Francis, Florence Saillour, Jean Faucheux, Elena Leca Radu, Gaëlle Seignolles, Cécile Chazalon, Maria Dan, Laurent Wong-So, Miquel Martinez, Claire Nocon, Véronique Hostyn, Jérémy Papin, Philippe Bordier, Philippe Casenave, Laurent Maillard, Isabelle Argacha, Eliane Tidahy, Lucie Ferraton, Yousra Mostefai, Djoumana Bakpa, Christine Bartou, Catherine Goze-Dupuy, Hélène Lavocat, Frédéric Senis, Virginie Delonglee, Didier Darraillans, Tarak Mokni, Bertrand Bataille, Jean Lorendeau, Anncy Eclancher, Bruno Trogoff, Véronique Chartroule, Philippe Touchard, Hervé Leyral, Fogue Ngounou, Catherine Scouarnec, Bertrand Tahon, Emmanuel Py, Sorina Bidian, Jean Fabre, Nidhal Cherhabil, Leila Baha, Pierre-Arnaud Fort, Vincent Maisonnave, Luc Verhoeven, Paul Claveries, Emma Ansart, Brice Lefevre, Marie-Pierre Liepa, Marc Lacrouts, Jean-Baptiste Coustere, Philippe Jarnier, Nicolas Marque, Jean-Marie Perron, Akil Hassan, Francois Casteigt, Bernard Larnaudie, and Guillaume Laplace

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objective This study aims to evaluate whether the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a deterioration in the quality of care for socially and/or clinically vulnerable stroke and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.Design Two cohorts of STEMI and stroke patients in the Aquitaine neurocardiovascular registry.Setting Six emergency medical services, 30 emergency units, 14 hospitalisation units and 11 catheterisation laboratories in the Aquitaine region in France.Participants This study involved 9218 patients (6436 stroke and 2782 STEMI patients) in the neurocardiovascular registry from January 2019 to August 2020.Primary outcome measures Care management times in both cohorts: first medical contact-to-procedure time for the STEMI cohort and emergency unit admission-to-imaging time for the stroke cohort. Associations between social (deprivation index) and clinical (age >65 years, neurocardiovascular history) vulnerabilities and care management times were analysed using multivariate linear mixed models, with an interaction on the time period (pre-wave, per-wave and post-first COVID-19 wave).Results The first medical contact procedure time was longer for elderly (p

Published
2024
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48. Advancing paediatric cardiac imaging: a comprehensive analysis of the feasibility and accuracy of a novel 3D paediatric transoesophageal probe

Author

Clément Karsenty, Khaled Hadeed, Pierrick Pyra, Aitor Guitarte, Camelia Djeddai, Remi Vincent, Yves Dulac, Ia Silagdze, Julie Gobin, Nicolas Combes, Miarisoa Ratsimandresy, Lionel Berthomieu, Davide Calvaruso, and Philippe Acar

Subjects
congenital heart disease, 3D echocardiography, transoesophageal echocardiography, pediatric, cardiac cateterism, pediatric cardiac surgery, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

AimsPediatric transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) probes have remained two-dimensional (2D) limiting their use compared to adults. While critical in pediatrics for interventions and post-surgery assessments, technological advancements introduced a three-dimensional (3D) pediatric TOE probe. This study assessed the new 3D pediatric TOE probe (GE 9VT-D) for feasibility, handling, and imaging quality.Methods and resultsAt Children's Hospital of Toulouse, 2-month prospective study enrolled children undergoing TOE with the new probe. All imaging modalities were rated by 2 operators using a 5-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good) quality. Forty-five children, median age 3.7 (range: 2 months-14.7 years) median weight 7.8 kg (range: 4.3–48 kg) underwent 60 TOEs: 25% pre-surgery, 45% post-surgery, 28% during percutaneous procedures, and 2% in intensive care. Probe handling was “very easy” in all cases without adverse events. The median score of 2D, 2D colour, pulsed Doppler and 3D were noted 5 out of 5 and continuous Doppler and 3D colour 4 out of 5. The 3D image quality remained consistent irrespective of the patient weighing above or below 7.8 kg (p = 0.72). Postoperative TOEs identified two cases needing further interventions, emphasizing its value in evaluating surgical outcomes and also for guiding percutaneous interventions.ConclusionOur comprehensive evaluation demonstrates that the new 3D pediatric TOE probe is feasible and provides high-quality imaging in pediatric patients. The successful integration of this novel probe into clinical practice has the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and procedural planning, ultimately optimizing patient outcomes in pediatric cardiac care.

Published
2023
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49. Adiponectin Promotes Maternal β-Cell Expansion Through Placental Lactogen Expression.

Author

Qiao, Liping, Saget, Sarah, Lu, Cindy, Hay, William W, Karsenty, Gerard, and Shao, Jianhua

Subjects
Islets of Langerhans, Cell Line, Trophoblasts, Placenta, Animals, Mice, Knockout, Humans, Mice, Insulin, Placental Lactogen, Cell Proliferation, Pregnancy, Female, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Adiponectin, Receptors, Adiponectin, Pediatric, Diabetes, Metabolic and endocrine, Reproductive health and childbirth, Medical and Health Sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abstract

Hypoadiponectinemia is a risk factor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Our previous study reported that adiponectin gene knockout mice (Adipoq -/- ) develop GDM due to insulin insufficiency. The main objective of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism through which adiponectin controls islet expansion during pregnancy. A significant reduction in β-cell proliferation rates, β-cell areas, and blood insulin concentrations was detected in Adipoq -/- mice at midpregnancy. Surprisingly, conditionally knocking down adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) or AdipoR2 genes in β-cells during pregnancy did not reduce β-cell proliferation rates or blood insulin concentrations. In vitro adiponectin treatment also failed to show any effect on β-cell proliferation of isolated pancreatic islets. It was reported that placental lactogen (PL) plays a crucial role in pregnancy-induced maternal β-cell proliferation. A significant decrease in phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5, a downstream molecule of PL signaling, was observed in islets from Adipoq -/- dams. The mRNA levels of mouse PL genes were robustly decreased in the placentas of Adipoq -/- dams. In contrast, adiponectin treatment increased PL expression in human placenta explants and JEG3 trophoblast cells. Most importantly, bovine PL injection restored β-cell proliferation and blood insulin concentrations in Adipoq -/- dams. Together, these results demonstrate that adiponectin plays a vital role in pregnancy-induced β-cell proliferation by promoting PL expression in trophoblast cells.

Published
2021

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