Search

Partial replacement of traditional types of fuel, which in the world and in Ukraine is possible with the use of biomass of plant origin. A perennial cereal plant called switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is promising for the production of biofuel, the seeds of which are characterized by a high biological dormancy, which leads to a significant decrease in its germination. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct a study to reduce this state of dormancy, which will ensure an increase in seed germination and contribute to the widespread introduction of the culture into production. In order to find out the effect of conditions and storage time on seed quality, a three-factor experiment was conducted in which two varieties of switchgrass of different maturity groups were stored for 364 days under different conditions that are possible when sowing seeds in the field - variable temperatures and humidity, the time of seed storage in such conditions. It has been found that the conditions of seed storage - temperature, humidity and terms, especially their complex interaction, probably affect the improvement of its quality. At a seed moisture content of 9% and 24-26% at an air temperature of 18-20 °C, during storage for 180 days, a probable increase in the energy of germination of the Cave-in-Rock variety sample by 11-20%, germination - by 13-21%, of the Dakota variety sample, respectively - by 22-19% and 24-31%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the research results of the survival rate of willow planting material depending on the storage methods and varietal peculiarities. The studies of the storage methods of planting material and their effect on the survival rate of cuttings and shoots were carried out in the years of 2019-2021 in the experimental field of the Institute of bio-energy crops and sugar beets, Ukraine. Two willow (Salix spp.) species: three-stamina variety Panfilivska and common willow variety Zbruch, were studied. Rot-affected cuttings and shoots as well as the number of the sprouted ones were monitored during the period of their placing in the storage till their planting in the field. It was found that both cuttings and shoots stored well in all treatments. During the storage, a small number of sprouted cuttings and disease - affected ones were recorded. Rot-affected cuttings and shoots of both varieties were recorded only when they were stored in plastic bags both with and without lime treatment of incisions. Rotaffected planting material was not recorded when other storage methods were used. It was established that during the storage moisture losses in cuttings and shoots of both varieties were not seen on any record date and as far as the content of nutrition elements (NPK) is concerned, there was a decreasing tendency. It was found that the survival rate of planting material depended on both variety peculiarities and its species, and it was high even on the first record date. Common willow variety Zbruch had the highest percentage of survival rate of cuttings and shoots as compared with the three-stamina variety Panfilivska. All storage methods of cuttings and shoots at air temperature 3-5°C ensure their good shelf-life with small damages caused by disease and slight germination in some years. The survival rate of planting material depended on both varietal peculiarities and its species. The highest percentage of survival rate of cuttings and shoots was typical for common willow variety Zbruch as compared with three-stamina variety Panfilivska. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India, conventional teaching techniques are still used in classrooms, universities, and colleges, which replaced the standard context of face-to-face communication in a classroom. Although most of the education industry has begun to implement integrated education, the majority of them are still using outdated procedures. The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 shook the globe, a fatal illness produced by SARS-Cov-2. It was declared a disease epidemic by the World Health Organization. This situation posed a challenge to the entire educational institutions globally, forcing instructors to switch to an online method as soon as possible. Several educational institutions that had previously refused to alter their conventional didactic practises now have no option but to switch entirely to online teaching-learning. This essay goes into great detail on the effect of the education system in India during a disease outbreak. It goes into great depth on how India is implementing an e-learning strategy in this crucial circumstance. It also explains how to deal with the difficulties that come with elearning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of studying some peculiar features of the formation of planting materials depending on the application of a set of technology elements - planting terms and absorbent granules and gel - are presented in the paper. It was found out that emergence terms depended on weather conditions in the years of the research. The higher the average circadian air temperature was the more intensive miscanthus emergence. It was established that the engrafting with rhizome, the intensity of sprout formation, the increase of rhizome mass, and in turn, the output of planting materials depended on planting terms, use of absorbent and weather conditions in the years of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]