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1. Quantum Key Distribution with Basis-Dependent Detection Probability

Author

Grasselli, Federico, Chesi, Giovanni, Walk, Nathan, Kampermann, Hermann, Widomski, Adam, Ogrodnik, Maciej, Karpiński, Michał, Macchiavello, Chiara, Bruß, Dagmar, and Wyderka, Nikolai

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a promising technology for secure communication. Nevertheless, QKD is still treated with caution in certain contexts due to potential gaps between theoretical models and actual QKD implementations. A common assumption in security proofs is that the detection probability at the receiver, for a given input state, is independent of the measurement basis, which might not always be verified and could lead to security loopholes. This paper presents a security proof for QKD protocols that does not rely on the above assumption and is thus applicable in scenarios with detection probability mismatches, even when induced by the adversary. We demonstrate, through simulations, that our proof can extract positive key rates for setups vulnerable to large detection probability mismatches. This is achieved by monitoring whether an adversary is actively exploiting such vulnerabilities, instead of considering the worst-case scenario as in previous proofs. Our work highlights the importance of accounting for basis-dependent detection probabilities and provides a concrete solution for improving the security of practical QKD systems., Comment: 14 pages and 5 figures in main text; 5 appendices

Published
2024

2. Low-degree spanning trees of $2$-edge-connected graphs in linear time

Author

Dereniowski, Dariusz, Dybizbański, Janusz, Karpiński, Przemysław, Zakrzewski, Michał, and Żyliński, Paweł

Subjects
Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, G.2.2, F.2.2
Abstract

We present a simple linear-time algorithm that finds a spanning tree $T$ of a given $2$-edge-connected graph $G$ such that each vertex $v$ of $T$ has degree at most $\lceil \frac{\deg_G(v)}{2}\rceil + 1$.

Published
2024

5. Pulsed electric field induces exocytosis and overexpression of MAGE antigens in melanoma

Author

Szlasa, Wojciech, Sauer, Natalia, Baczyńska, Dagmara, Ziętek, Marcin, Haczkiewicz-Leśniak, Katarzyna, Karpiński, Paweł, Fleszar, Mariusz, Fortuna, Paulina, Kulus, Michał J., Piotrowska, Aleksandra, Kmiecik, Alicja, Barańska, Agnieszka, Michel, Olga, Novickij, Vitalij, Tarek, Mounir, Kasperkiewicz, Paulina, Dzięgiel, Piotr, Podhorska-Okołów, Marzenna, Saczko, Jolanta, and Kulbacka, Julita

Published
2024
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8. Efficient detection of multidimensional single-photon time-bin superpositions

Author

Widomski, Adam, Ogrodnik, Maciej, and Karpiński, Michał

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

The ability to detect quantum superpositions lies at the heart of fundamental and applied aspects of quantum mechanics. The time-frequency degree of freedom of light enables encoding and transmitting quantum information in a multi-dimensional fashion compatible with fiber and integrated platforms. However, the ability to efficiently detect time-frequency superpositions is not yet available. Here we show, that multidimensional time-bin superpositions can be detected using a single time-resolved photon detector. Our approach uses off-the shelf components and is based on the temporal Talbot effect -- a time-frequency counterpart of the well-know near field diffraction effect. We provide experimental results and discuss the possible applications in quantum communication, quantum information processing, and time-frequency quantum state tomography., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures

Published
2023

9. Weak Tits alternative for groups acting geometrically on buildings

Author

Karpinski, Chris, Osajda, Damian, and Przytycki, Piotr

Subjects
Mathematics - Group Theory
Abstract

We show that if a group $G$ acts geometrically by type-preserving automorphisms on a building, then $G$ satisfies the weak Tits alternative, namely, that $G$ is either virtually abelian or contains a non-abelian free group., Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures. Published in press in Journal of Algebra at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2024.05.015

Published
2023

10. Oxygen isotope effect on the superfluid density within the $d-$wave and $s-$wave pairing channels of YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$

Author

Khasanov, Rustem, Shengelaya, Alexander, Conder, Kazimierz, Karpinski, Janusz, Bussmann-Holder, Annette, and Keller, Hugo

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We report on measurements of the oxygen isotope ($^{16}$O/$^{18}$O) effect (OIE) on the transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ and the zero-temperature in-plane magnetic penetration depth $\lambda_{\rm ab}(0)$ in the stoichiometric cuprate superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$ by means of muon-spin rotation/relaxation. An analysis of the temperature evolution of $\lambda^{-2}_{\rm ab}$ in terms of coexisting $s+d-$wave order parameters reveals that the OIE on the superfluid density $\rho_{\rm s}(0)\propto\lambda^{-2}_{\rm ab}(0)$ stems predominantly from the $d-$wave component while the contribution of the $s-$wave one is almost zero. The OIE on the transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ is found to be rather small: $\delta T_{\rm c}/T_{\rm c}= -0.32(7)$%, compared to the total OIE on the superfluid density $\rho_{\rm s}(0)$: $\delta \rho_{\rm s}(0)/\rho_{\rm s}(0)= -2.8(1.0)$%. The partial OIE's on the corresponding $d-$wave and $s-$wave components of $\rho_{\rm s}(0)$ are $\delta \rho_{\rm s,d}(0)/\rho_{\rm s}(0)= -3.0(1.2)$%, and $\delta \rho_{\rm s,s}(0)/\rho_{\rm s}(0)= 0.2(1.2)$%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that polaron formation in the CuO$_2$ planes is the origin of the observed OIE in the $d-$wave channel. In the much weaker $s-$wave channel, fermionic quasiparticles are present, which do not contribute to the OIE on $\rho_{\rm s}(0)$. Our results support the original idea of K. Alex M\"{u}ller on the polaronic nature of the supercarries in high-temperature cuprate superconductors., Comment: Contribution to a special issue by Physica C: "Oxide superconductors and beyond - In memoriam of Professor Karl Alex M\"uller"

Published
2023
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11. The LHCb upgrade I

Author

LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Achard, C., Ackernley, T., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Afsharnia, H., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Albero, A. Alfonso, Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreani, A., Andreianov, A., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Andrews, J. E., Anelli, M., Anjam, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Arnaud, K., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Ashby, J., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Rocha, D. Ayres, Perea, I. B Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Bailly-reyre, A., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Balbi, G., Baldini, W., Balla, A., Baltazar, M., Band, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Barbetti, M., Barclay, P., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bassi, G., Baszczyk, M., Lopes, J. C. Batista, Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Beigbeder-Beau, C., Beiter, A., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Benettoni, M., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernard, F., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Berninghoff, D., Bernstein, H. C., Bertella, C., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bezshyyko, O., Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bian, L., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Bochin, B., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bogdanova, G., Boiaryntseva, I., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Booth, M. J., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Boterenbrood, H., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyaryntsev, A., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Braun, S., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Bregliozzi, G., Bridges, K., Briere, M. M. J., Brock, M., Brodski, M., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, C., Brown, J., Brummitt, A. J., Brundu, D., Brunetti, L., Buda, L., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burmistrov, L., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cachemiche, J. P., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Caillet, A., Calabrese, R., Calefice, L., Calegari, D., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Campana, P., Perez, D. H. Campora, Quezada, A. F. Campoverde, Canfer, S., Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Carassiti, V., Carbone, A., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carletti, M., Carniti, P., Carroll, J., Carus, L., Vidal, A. Casais, Caspary, R., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Cavallini, V., Ceelie, L., Celani, S., Cerasoli, J., Cervenkov, D., Cesare, S., Chadaj, B., Chadwick, A. J., Chahrour, I., Chanal, H., Chapman, M. G., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chaumat, V. J., Barajas, C. A. Chavez, Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chernov, A., Chernov, E., Chernyshenko, S., Chiozzi, S., Chobanova, V., Cholak, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V., Ciambrone, P., Cicala, M. F., Vidal, X. Cid, Ciezarek, G., Cifra, P., Citterio, M., Ciullo, G., Clark, K., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Cobbledick, J. L., Coco, V., Coelli, S., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Congedo, L., Conti, N., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Corredoira, I., Corti, G., Ramusino, A. Cotta, Couturier, B., Cowan, G. A., Craik, D. C., Torres, M. Cruz, Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dai, X., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Damen, A., Daniel, J., Danilina, A., d'Argent, P., Daudon, F., Davies, J. E., Davis, A., Davis, J., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Benedetti, F., de Boer, J., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., Da Graca, U. De Freitas Carneiro, De Lucia, E., De Miranda, J. M., de Oliveira, R., De Paula, L., De Roo, K., De Serio, M., De Simone, D., De Simone, P., De Vellis, F., de Vries, J. A., De Wit, E., Dean, C. T., Debernardis, F., Decamp, D., Deckenhoff, M., Dedu, V., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Denis, C., Denysenko, V., Deschamps, O., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Bari, D., Di Nezza, P., Diachkov, I., Didenko, S., Maronas, L. Dieste, Dijkstra, H., Ding, S., Dobishuk, V., Doets, M., Doherty, F., Dolmatov, A., Domke, M., Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., Dorosz, P., Reis, A. C. dos, Douglas, L., Downes, A. G., Duarte, O., Duda, P., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V., Dumps, R., Durante, P., Duras, M. M., Durham, J. M., Dutta, D., Duval, P. Y., Dziewiecki, M., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V., Orro, C. Eirea, Eisenhardt, S., Ejopu, E., Ekelhof, R., Ek-In, S., Eklund, L., Elashri, M. E, Ellbracht, J., Elvin, A., Ely, S., Ene, A., Epple, E., Escher, S., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Fabiano, F., Falcao, L. N., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Fantini, L., Faria, M., Farry, S., Fazzini, D., Felkowski, L. F, Feo, M., Declara, P. Fernandez, Gomez, M. Fernandez, Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Ferreira, R., Lopes, L. Ferreira, Rodrigues, F. Ferreira, Sole, S. Ferreres, Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fischer, K. M., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fleuret, F., Flores, L., Fontana, M., Fontanelli, F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Fournier, C., Lima, V. Franco, Sevilla, M. Franco, Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Freestone, J., Frei, C., Frei, R., Frelier, J., Friday, D. A., Frontini, L. F, Fu, J., Fuehring, Q., Fulghesu, T., Fuzipeg, C., Gabriel, E., Galati, G., Galati, M. D., Galka, M., Torreira, A. Gallas, Galli, D., Gallorini, S., Gambetta, S., Gan, Y., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Gao, R., Gao, Y., Garau, M., Martin, L. M. Garcia, Moreno, P. Garcia, Pardiñas, J. García, Plana, B. Garcia, Rosales, F. A. Garcia, Garrido, L., Garroum, N., Garsed, P. J., Gascon, D., Gaspar, C., Gasq, C., Gatta, M., Gavardi, L., Gebolis, P. M., Geertsema, R. E., Gerick, D., Gerken, L. L., Germann, D., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Getz, S. A., Giambastiani, L., Gibson, V., Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventù, A., Girard, O. G., Gironell, P. Gironella, Giugliano, C., Giza, M. A., Gizdov, K., Gkougkousis, E. L., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Fernandez, S. Gomez, Abrantes, F. Goncalves, Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Grabowski, J. P., Grammatico, T., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Grant, F., Graugés, E., Graverini, E., Graziani, G., Grecu, A. T., Greeven, L. M., Greim, R., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Gromov, V., Grub, N., Cazon, B. R. Gruberg, Grynyov, B., Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guerin, S., Guittiere, M., Günther, P. A., Gushchin, E., Guth, A., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Hachon, F., Hadavizadeh, T., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haimberger, J., Haines, S. C., Halewood-leagas, T., Halvorsen, M. M., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J., Hamrat, S., Han, Q., Han, X., Hansen, E. B., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hao, L., Harnew, N., Harrison, T., Hasse, C., Hatch, M., He, J., Heijhoff, K., Hemmer, F. H, Henderson, C., Henderson, R. D. L., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Herd, J., Herold, T., Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Hill, D., Hilton, M., Hoft, G. T., Hollitt, S. E., Hopchev, P. H., Hornberger, O., Horswill, J., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Huang, X., Hulsbergen, W., Hummel, S., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutanu, O. E., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Ibis, P., Idzik, M., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Iniukhin, A., Insa, C., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Elles, S. J. Jaimes, Jakobsen, S., Jamet, O., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jaspers, M., Jawahery, A., Jevaud, M., Jevtic, V., Jiang, E., Jiang, X., Jiang, Y., John, D., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Jost, B., Jurik, N., Juszczak, I., Kandybei, S., Kang, Y., Karacson, M., Kariuki, J. M., Karpenkov, D., Karpinski, W., Karpov, M., Kaufmann, K., Kautz, J. W., Kayzel, F., Keizer, F., Keller, D. M., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Khreich, G., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Kok, H., Koliiev, S., Kolk, L., Kondybayeva, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Kopecna, R., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kos, J., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kozachuk, A., Kozlov, V. S., Kraan, M., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Krawczyk, R. D., Kreps, M., Kretzschmar, S., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kubat, J., Kubis, S., Kucewicz, W., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kuhlman, A., Kuilman, W. C., Kulikova, E. K, Kuonen, A. K., Kupfer, N., Kupsc, A., Kvaratskheliya, T., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Gomez, C. Landesa, Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Langstaff, M., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Lazzaroni, M., Dortz, O. Le, Gac, R. Le, Lee, S. H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Lemaitre, F., Lenisa, P., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Leverington, B., Li, A., Li, H., Li, K., Li, P., Li, P. -R., Li, S., Li, T., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Lieunard, B., Lin, C., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Salvia, A. Lobo, Loi, A., Lollini, R., Castro, J. Lomba, Longstaff, I., Lopes, J. H., Huertas, A. Lopez, Soliño, S. López, Louis, D., Lovell, G. H., Loveridge, P., Lowe, A. D., Lu, Y., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Luchuk, S., Martinez, M. Lucio, Lukashenko, V., Lukianov, A., Luo, H., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lupton, O., Lusiani, A., Lutz, L. F., Lynch, K., Lyu, X. -R., Ma, R., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Mackay, I., Macko, V., Mackowiak, P., Maddrell-Mander, S., Mohan, L. R. Madhan, Maevskiy, A., Magne, M., Maisuzenko, D., Majewski, M. W., Malaguti, R., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malecki, B., Malinin, A., Malkinski, K., Maltsev, T., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Mancuso, C., Escalero, R. Manera, Manuzzi, D., Manzari, C. A., Marangotto, D., Marchand, J. F., Marconi, U., Mariani, S., Benito, C. Marin, Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Marshall, P. J., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Santos, D. Martinez, Vidal, F. Martinez, Masic, B., Massafferri, A., Materok, M., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Mathe, Z., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., de Cos, J. Mazorra, Mazurek, M., McCann, M., Mcconnell, L., McGrath, T. H., McHugh, N. T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Mead, J. V., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Meier-villardita, L., Melnychuk, D., Meloni, S., Merk, M., Merli, A., Meunier, J. L., Garcia, L. Meyer, Miao, D., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D. A., Millard, E., Miller, G., Milovanovic, M., Minard, M. -N., Minotti, A., Minutoli, S., Miralles, T., Mitchell, S. E., Mitreska, B., Mittelstaedt, T., Mitzel, D. S., Mödden, A., Modenese, L., Mogini, A., Mohammed, R. A., Moise, R. D., Mokhnenko, S., Mombächer, T., Monk, M., Monroy, I. A., Monteil, S., Monti, M., Morandin, M., Morello, G., Morello, M. J., Morgenthaler, M. P., Moron, J., Morris, A. B., Morris, A. G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Muhammad, E., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Muley, S., Müller, D., Müller, K., Munneke, B., Murphy, C. H., Murray, D., Murta, R., Muzzetto, P., Naik, P., Naik, S. A., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Nazarov, E., Needham, M., Neri, I., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Neustroev, P., Newcombe, R., Trung, T. Nguyen, Nicolini, J., Nicotra, D., Niel, E. M., Nieswand, S., Nikitin, N., Nolte, N. S., Normand, C., Fernandez, J. Novoa, Nowak, G. N, Nunez, C., O'Bannon, T., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., O'Dell, J., Oeser, T., Okamura, S., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olive, P., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Orlov, V., Goicochea, J. M. Otalora, Ovsiannikova, T., Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Ozcelik, O., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, Y., Panshin, G., Paoletti, E., Paolucci, L., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parker, W., Parkes, C., Pasquali, L., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patrignani, C., Pavlenko, D., Pawley, C. J., Pearce, A., Regales, M. D. P. Peco, Pellegrino, A., Peltier, F., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Castro, A. Pereiro, Perret, P., Perro, A., Perry, M., Pessina, G., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Petrucci, S., Petruzzo, M., Pham, H., Philippov, A., Piandani, R., Pica, L., Olloqui, E. Picatoste, Piccini, M., Piedigrossi, D., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pili, M., Pillet, N., Pilorz, E. M., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., Placinta, V., Plews, J., Casasus, M. Plo, Polci, F., Lener, M. Poli, Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polyakov, V., Polycarpo, E., Pomery, G. J., Ponce, S., Pons, X., Poplawski, K., Popov, D., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Pratt, D., Promberger, L., Prouve, C., Pugatch, V., Puill, V., Punzi, G., Qi, H. R., Qian, W., Qin, N., Qu, S., Quagliani, R., Raab, N. V., Rachwal, B., Rademacker, J. H., Rajagopalan, R., Rama, M., Ramaherison, J. J., Pernas, M. Ramos, Rangel, M. S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., De Miguel, M. Rebollo, Redi, F., Reich, J., Reiss, F., Alepuz, C. Remon, Ren, Z., Resmi, P. K., Rethore, F., Reynet, D., Ribatti, R., Ricci, A. M., Ricciardi, S., Richards, D. S., Richardson, K., Richardson-Slipper, M., Riedinger, J., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rochet, J., Rodrigues, A. B., Rodrigues, E., Fernandez, E. Rodriguez, Lopez, J. A. Rodriguez, Perez, P. Rodriguez, Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez, Roeland, E., Rolf, D. L., Rollings, A., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Lamas, M. Romero, Vidal, A. Romero, Rosier, P., Roth, J. D., Rotondo, M., Rovekamp, J., Roy, L., Rudnyckyj, F., Rudolph, M. S., Ruf, T., Fernandez, R. A. Ruiz, Vidal, J. Ruiz, Ryzhikov, A., Ryzka, J., Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sagidova, N., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Gras, C. Sanchez, Sanders, F., Sanderswood, I., Santacesaria, R., Rios, C. Santamarina, Santimaria, M., Santovetti, E., Saputi, A., Saranin, D., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Sarti, A., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Saussac, A., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Sborzacchi, F., Smead, L. G. Scantlebury, Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schimmel, A., Schindler, H., Schipper, J. D., Schmeitz, R., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schneider, O., Schneider, T., Schopper, A., Schubiger, M., Schulte, S., Schune, M. H., Schwemmer, R., Sciascia, B., Sciuccati, A., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Soares, M. Senghi, Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestak, J., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Seyfert, P., Shang, Y., Shangase, D. M., Shapkin, M., Shchemerov, I., Shchutska, L., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shen, Z., Sheng, S., Sherman, M. s, Shevchenko, V., Shi, B., Shields, E. B., Shimizu, Y., Shmanin, E., Shorkin, R., Shupperd, J. D., Siddi, B. G., Siebig, S., Sigmund, D., Sigurdsson, S., Coutinho, R. Silva, Simi, G., Simone, S., Singla, M., Skidmore, N., Skuza, R., Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M. W., Slattery, K., Slazyk, I., Smallwood, J. C., Smeaton, J. G., Smith, E., Smith, K., Smith, M., Smith, N. A., Snoch, A., Lavra, L. Soares, Socha, J-L., Sokoloff, M. D., Soler, F. J. P., Solomin, A., Solovev, A., Solovyev, I., Song, R., De Almeida, F. L. Souza, De Paula, B. Souza, Spaan, B., Norella, E. Spadaro, Spedicato, E., Spiridenkov, E., Spradlin, P., Squerzanti, S., Sriskaran, V., Stagni, F., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Stanislaus, S., Steffens, E., Stein, E. N., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stevens, H., Stone, S., Stramaglia, M. E., Strekalina, D., Su, Y. S, Suljik, F., Sun, J., Sun, L., Sun, Y., Svihra, P., Swallow, P. N., Swientek, K., Swientek, S., Szabelski, A., Szumlak, T., Szymanski, M., Tagliente, G, Tan, Y., Taneja, S., Tat, M. D., Quere, M. Taurigna, Terentev, A., Terront, D. F., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Thompson, D. J. D., Thomson, K. A., Tilquin, H., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tonani, G., Tong, X., Topp-Joergensen, S., Machado, D. Torres, Tou, D. Y., Trilov, S. M., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tuning, N., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D. J., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagner, A., Vagnoni, V., Valassi, A., Valat, S., Valenti, G., Canudas, N. Valls, van Beuzekom, M., Van De Kraats, P. W., van der Heijden, B., Van Dijk, M., van Dongen, J., Van Hecke, H., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C. B., Van Nieuwland, L., van Overbeek, M., Van Stenis, M., van Veghel, M., Vandaele, R., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Sierra, C. Vázquez, Vecchi, S., Veldt, L., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Verkooijnen, H., Veronesi, M., Vesterinen, M., Barbosa, J. V. Viana, Vieira, D., Diaz, M. Vieites, Viel, K. J., Vilasis-Cardona, X., Figueras, E. Vilella, Villa, A., Vincent, P., Vink, W., Vitkovskiy, A., Volkov, V., Volle, F. C., Bruch, D. vom, Voneki, B., Vorbach, O., Vorobyev, A., Vorobyev, V., Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Vouters, G., Vrahas, C., Walet, W., Walsh, J., Walton, E. J., Wan, G., Wang, C., Wang, G., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, R., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Ward, J. A., Warda, K., Watson, N. K., Websdale, D., Webster, J., Wei, Y., Westhenry, B. D. C., White, D. J., Whitehead, M., Wieczorek, D., Wiederhold, A. R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M. K., Williams, I., Williams, M., Williams, M. R. J., Williams, R., Wilson, F. F., Wimberley, J., Windelband, B., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wlochal, M., Wong, C. P., Wormald, M., Wormser, G., Wotton, S. A., Wraight, K., Wu, H., Wu, J., Wyllie, K., Xiang, Z., Xie, Y., Xu, A., Xu, J., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Q., Xu, Z., Yang, D., Yang, S., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yeomans, L. E., Yeroshenko, V., Yeung, H., Yin, H., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zenaiev, O., Zeng, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zharkova, A., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zhukov, V., Zivkovic, V., Zou, Q., Zucchelli, S., Zuliani, D., Zunica, G., and Zvyagintsev, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The LHCb upgrade represents a major change of the experiment. The detectors have been almost completely renewed to allow running at an instantaneous luminosity five times larger than that of the previous running periods. Readout of all detectors into an all-software trigger is central to the new design, facilitating the reconstruction of events at the maximum LHC interaction rate, and their selection in real time. The experiment's tracking system has been completely upgraded with a new pixel vertex detector, a silicon tracker upstream of the dipole magnet and three scintillating fibre tracking stations downstream of the magnet. The whole photon detection system of the RICH detectors has been renewed and the readout electronics of the calorimeter and muon systems have been fully overhauled. The first stage of the all-software trigger is implemented on a GPU farm. The output of the trigger provides a combination of totally reconstructed physics objects, such as tracks and vertices, ready for final analysis, and of entire events which need further offline reprocessing. This scheme required a complete revision of the computing model and rewriting of the experiment's software., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at http://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-DP-2022-002.html (LHCb public pages)

Published
2023
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12. Development of Authenticated Clients and Applications for ICICLE CI Services -- Final Report for the REHS Program, June-August, 2022

Author

Samar, Sahil, Chen, Mia, Karpinski, Jack, Ray, Michael, Sarin, Archita, Garcia, Christian, Lange, Matthew, Stubbs, Joe, and Thomas, Mary

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, I.2.8, F.2.2
Abstract

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) institute for Intelligent Cyberinfrastructure with Computational Learning in the Environment (ICICLE) is funded by the NSF to build the next generation of Cyberinfrastructure to render AI more accessible to everyone and drive its further democratization in the larger society. We describe our efforts to develop Jupyter Notebooks and Python command line clients that would access these ICICLE resources and services using ICICLE authentication mechanisms. To connect our clients, we used Tapis, which is a framework that supports computational research to enable scientists to access, utilize, and manage multi-institution resources and services. We used Neo4j to organize data into a knowledge graph (KG). We then hosted the KG on a Tapis Pod, which offers persistent data storage with a template made specifically for Neo4j KGs. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of our software, we developed several clients: Jupyter notebooks authentication, Neural Networks (NN) notebook, and command line applications that provide a convenient frontend to the Tapis API. In addition, we developed a data processing notebook that can manipulate KGs on the Tapis servers, including creations of a KG, data upload and modification. In this report we present the software architecture, design and approach, the successfulness of our client software, and future work.

Published
2023

13. Design and Simulation of Small-Scale Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine with Diffuser Effect

Author

Czyż Zbigniew, Karpiński Paweł, Klepka Tomasz, and Szkoda Zbigniew

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

The article presents the results of the investigation of a rotor assembly of a wind turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation. The rotor is equipped with a diffuser which is an integral part of the power generating unit. The research was carried out by means of the ANSYS Fluent software. The geometry used for the tests is a development version of the construction shown in patent application PL 412553 and is characterised by an adjustable angle setting of the rotor blades. The geometric model was obtained by 3D scanning of the actual rotor using the ZScaner scanner ®700. The calculations were carried out for the selected blade angle of attack from 0° to 90° separately for the version with and without the diffuser. The results from the conducted tests were used to determine the characteristics of the power generated by the turbine as a function of rotor speed. The secondary objective of the tests was to analyse the effect of the diffuser on the power generated by the entire rotor assembly.

Published
2019
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14. Simulation of an aircraft radial engine misfire detection

Author

Grabowski Łukasz, Karpiński Paweł, and Pietrykowski Konrad

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The misfire phenomenon is particularly unfavourable in aircraft engines because it affects the stability and reliability of work. This paper presents the algorithm for detecting ignition failure in a radial aircraft engine. The Crankshaft Velocity Fluctuation method was applied, which consists in analysing changes in the crankshaft speed signal as a function of time. A zero-dimensional model of the aircraft engine was developed in order to perform the research. The validation of the model was performed using the results from the test bench. The model was subjected to simulation tests in fixed operating conditions. Based on the engine speed signal obtained as a result of the simulation, the normalized second derivative of the signal was determined based on the adopted algorithm. On the basis of this derivative, a criterion was defined to assess the occurrence of the misfire phenomenon. The results of the calculations can be compared in future with the results of the real engine tests.

Published
2019
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15. Energetic Analysis of the Aircraft Diesel Engine

Author

Grabowski Łukasz, Pietrykowski Konrad, and Karpiński Paweł

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

The analysis of the distribution of thermal energy generated during the combustion process in internal combustion engines and the estimation of individual losses are important regarding performance and efficiency. The article analyses the energy balance of the designed two-stroke opposed piston diesel engines with offset, i.e. the angle by which the crankshaft at the side of exhaust ports is ahead of the crankshaft at the side of intake ports. Based on the developed zero-dimensional engine model, a series of simulations were performed in steady-state conditions using the AVL BOOST software. The values of individual energy losses, including cooling losses, exhaust gas losses, friction losses were obtained. The influence of decreasing and increasing the offset on the performance of the tested engine was analysed.

Published
2019
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16. Temporal cavities as temporal mode filters for frequency combs

Author

Dioum, B, Srivastava, S, Karpiński, M, and Patera, G

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Broadband temporal modes of pulsed optical fields have been recently recognized as very promising for photonic quantum information processing and time-frequency metrology. Exploiting their full potential demands efficient and flexible tools for their manipulation. Among the tools demonstrated surprisingly the most basic, a single-mode temporal filter, is missing. In this work, we propose an experimentally feasible approach to realize a genuine single-mode temporal filter that is based on the concept of temporal cavity, a device with temporal mode-dependent resonances in the basis of frequency comb modes. This functionality is achieved as temporal-domain analogy of spatial-mode cleaner cavities. This device will enable robust temporal mode filtering and detection, opening new prospects in time-frequency metrology and multidimensional quantum information processing.

Published
2023

17. Affectivity as stance: multimodal stance-taking in audiovisual documentations of Polish and German parliamentary debates

Author

Cornelia Müller, Maciej Karpiński, Clara Kindler-Mathôt, Katarzyna Klessa, Ewa Jarmołowicz-Nowikow, Jana Katharina Junge, Katerina Papadopoulou, and Brygida Sawicka-Stępińska

Subjects
multimodality, gesture, media analysis, political communication, discourse analysis, interaffectivity, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

This paper presents a media-aesthetic framework to study affectivity as a stance. This framework opens up a new perspective on multimodal affective stance-taking in the context of specific media ecologies. It exemplifies this new approach with case studies of the official audiovisual documentation of political debates in the German Bundestag and the Polish Sejm. This new approach addresses the intertwining of audiovisual multimodality with verbo-gestural expressivity (or the multimodality of speaking). Adopting a phenomenological position, we are interested in how the orchestration of the debates as audiovisual events moves the spectators. The concepts ‘Expressive Movement’ and ‘Dynamic Forms of Vitality’ serve as theoretical and methodological references to capture the affective dynamics of audiovisual debates and how these audiovisual images modulate the perceptions and experiences of the spectators. To illustrate and substantiate this approach for linguistic and media analyses of affective stance-taking, the paper outlines basic assumptions and methods. It offers two exemplary case studies from German and Polish parliamentary debates. It is concluded that bringing together media-aesthetic with linguistic analyses of multimodal communication and interaction provides not only a valid starting point for future research of multimodal stance-taking in different media ecologies but also allows researchers to address how and why spectators of audiovisual media performances are moved affectively.

Published
2024
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18. Hyperfiniteness of boundary actions of relatively hyperbolic groups

Author

Karpinski, Chris

Subjects
Mathematics - Group Theory, Mathematics - Logic, 03E15, 20F65, 20F67
Abstract

We show that if $G$ is a finitely generated group hyperbolic relative to a finite collection of subgroups $\mathcal{P}$, then the natural action of $G$ on the geodesic boundary of the associated relative Cayley graph induces a hyperfinite equivalence relation. As a corollary of this, we obtain that the natural action of $G$ on its Bowditch boundary $\partial (G,\mathcal{P})$ also induces a hyperfinite equivalence relation. This strengthens a result of Ozawa obtained for $\mathcal{P}$ consisting of amenable subgroups and uses a recent work of Marquis and Sabok., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures

Published
2022

19. Interfacing picosecond and nanosecond quantum light pulses

Author

Sośnicki, Filip, Mikołajczyk, Michał, Golestani, Ali, and Karpiński, Michał

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Light is a key information carrier, enabling worldwide high-speed data transmission through a telecommunication fibre network. This information-carrying capacity can be extended to transmitting quantum information (QI) by encoding it in single photons -- flying qubits. However, various QI-processing platforms operate at vastly different timescales. QI-processing units in atomic media, operating within nanosecond to microsecond timescales, and high-speed quantum communication, at picosecond timescales, cannot be efficiently linked due to orders of magnitude mismatch in the timescales or, correspondingly, spectral linewidths. In this work, we develop a large-aperture time lens using complex high-bandwidth electro-optic phase modulation to bridge this gap. We demonstrate coherent, deterministic spectral bandwidth compression of quantum light pulses by more than two orders of magnitude with high efficiency. It will facilitate large-scale hybrid QI-processing by linking the ultrafast and quasi-continuous-wave experimental platforms, which until now, to a large extent, have been developing independently., Comment: 8 pages + 3 supplement, 5 + 2 figures, version accepted for publication

Published
2022
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20. Superlens with copper and copper oxide

Author

Ziemkiewicz, David, Karpiński, Karol, and Raczyńska, Sylwia Zielińska

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

We investigate the imaging properties of copper-based superlens surrounded by copper oxide (Cu$_2$O). A subwavelength image resolution of the order $\lambda/9$ is demonstrated theoretically and verified in numerical simulations. It is shown that the existence of excitons in Cu$_2$O influence the static and dynamical optical properties of the lens. In particular, an improvement of image quality caused by absorption in the spectral region of excitonic resonances is investigated. The plasmon-exciton interaction in the system may pave the way to a tunable, highly nonlinear superlens designs., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures

Published
2022

21. Pulsed electric field induces exocytosis and overexpression of MAGE antigens in melanoma

Author

Wojciech Szlasa, Natalia Sauer, Dagmara Baczyńska, Marcin Ziętek, Katarzyna Haczkiewicz-Leśniak, Paweł Karpiński, Mariusz Fleszar, Paulina Fortuna, Michał J. Kulus, Aleksandra Piotrowska, Alicja Kmiecik, Agnieszka Barańska, Olga Michel, Vitalij Novickij, Mounir Tarek, Paulina Kasperkiewicz, Piotr Dzięgiel, Marzenna Podhorska-Okołów, Jolanta Saczko, and Julita Kulbacka

Subjects
Melanoma, Nanosecond pulsed electric field, Microvesicles, MAGE, PD-1, Focal treatment, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) has emerged as a promising approach for inducing cell death in melanoma, either as a standalone treatment or in combination with chemotherapeutics. However, to date, there has been a shortage of studies exploring the impact of nsPEF on the expression of cancer-specific molecules. In this investigation, we sought to assess the effects of nsPEF on melanoma-specific MAGE (Melanoma Antigen Gene Protein Family) expression. To achieve this, melanoma cells were exposed to nsPEF with parameters set at 8 kV/cm, 200 ns duration, 100 pulses, and a frequency of 10 kHz. We also aimed to comprehensively describe the consequences of this electric field on melanoma cells' invasion and proliferation potential. Our findings reveal that following exposure to nsPEF, melanoma cells release microvesicles containing MAGE antigens, leading to a simultaneous increase in the expression and mRNA content of membrane-associated antigens such as MAGE-A1. Notably, we observed an unexpected increase in the expression of PD-1 as well. While we did not observe significant differences in the cells' proliferation or invasion potential, a remarkable alteration in the cells' metabolomic and lipidomic profiles towards a less aggressive phenotype was evident. Furthermore, we validated these results using ex vivo tissue cultures and 3D melanoma culture models. Our study demonstrates that nsPEF can elevate the expression of membrane-associated proteins, including melanoma-specific antigens. The mechanism underlying the overexpression of MAGE antigens involves the initial release of microvesicles containing MAGE antigens, followed by a gradual increase in mRNA levels, ultimately resulting in elevated expression of MAGE antigens post-experiment. These findings shed light on a novel method for modulating cancer cells to overexpress cancer-specific molecules, thereby potentially enhancing their sensitivity to targeted anticancer therapy.

Published
2024
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22. Aberration-corrected time aperture of an electro-optic time lens

Author

Kapoor, Sanjay, Sośnicki, Filip, and Karpiński, Michał

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Recently, there has been renewed interest in electro-optic time lenses due to their favorable properties for quantum photonic applications. Here, we propose a new analytical approach to estimate the chirp rate of a time lens implemented using an electro-optic phase modulator driven with a single-tone radio frequency voltage. Our approach is based on a user-defined time aperture for the time lens. We observe that the temporal aberrations depend on the amplitude of the phase modulation and the effective time aperture of the time lens. We derive an analytical expression for the maximum phase error that will allow the user to choose the maximal aberration-limited time aperture of the time lens. We apply our formalism to a Fourier-time lens system for the spectral compression of Gaussian pulses and find the optimal parameters of the setup. Our approach will provide a handy tool for efficient temporal system design based on electro-optical time lenses., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022

23. Numerical analysis of the influence of particular autogyro parts on the aerodynamic forces

Author

Czyż Zbigniew, Karpiński Paweł, Łusiak Tomasz, and Szczepanik Tomasz

Subjects
Information technology, T58.5-58.64
Abstract

This paper describes the research gyrocopter and presents the methodology of numerical calculations for this type of research objects. There are also the results of an ANSYS Fluent three-dimensional simulation of an airflow around a gyrocopter, excluding an airflow around its main rotor and propeller blades. The calculations enabled basic aerodynamic characteristics. The analysis of the numerical calculations focuses on the impact of gyrocopter individual sections like a fuselage, tail, tail boom, etc., on aerodynamic forces and moments, as well as coefficients of aerodynamic forces and moments. The research scope covers an angle of attack α ranging between -20° and 25° at a sideslip angle equal to 0.

Published
2017
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24. Charging process analysis of an opposed-piston two-stroke aircraft Diesel engine

Author

Grabowski Łukasz, Pietrykowski Konrad, and Karpiński Paweł

Subjects
Information technology, T58.5-58.64
Abstract

This paper presents the research results on a 1D model of an opposed-piston two-stroke aircraft Diesel engine. The research aimed at creating a model of the engine in question to investigate how engine performance is affected by the compressor gear ratio. The power was constant at all the operating points. The research results are presented as graphs of power consumed by the compressor, compressor efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption. The optimal range of compressor gear ratio in terms of engine efficiency was defined from the research results.

Published
2017
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25. Nonlinear optical properties and Kerr nonlinearity of Rydberg excitons in Cu$_2$O quantum wells

Author

Ziemkiewicz, David, Czajkowski, Gerard, Karpiński, Karol, and Zielińska-Raczyńska, Sylwia

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

The quantum confiment of Rydberg excitons (REs) in quantum structures opens the way towards considering nonlinear interactions in such systems. We present a theoretical calculation of optical functions in the case of a nonlinear coupling between REs in a quantum well with an electromagnetic wave. Using the Real Density Matrix Approach (RDMA), the analytical expressions for a linear and nonlinear absorption are derived and numerical calculations for Cu$_2$0 quantum wells are performed. The results indicate the conditions in which quantum well confinement states can be observed in linear and nonlinear optical spectra. The Kerr nonlinearity and self-phase modulation in such a system are studied. The effect of Rydberg blockade and the associated optical bleaching are also discussed and confronted with available experimental data., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures

Published
2022
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26. Electro-optic Fourier transform chronometry of pulsed quantum light

Author

Golestani, Ali, Davis, Alex O. C., Sośnicki, Filip, Mikołajczyk, Michał, Treps, Nicolas, and Karpiński, Michał

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

The power spectrum of an optical field can be acquired without a spectrally resolving detector by means of Fourier-transform spectrometry, based on measuring the temporal autocorrelation of the optical field. Analogously, we here perform temporal envelope measurements of ultrashort optical pulses without time resolved detection. We introduce the technique of Fourier transform chronometry, where the temporal envelope is acquired by measuring the frequency autocorrelation of the optical field in a linear interferometer. We apply our technique, which is the time-frequency conjugate measurement to Fourier-transform spectrometry, to experimentally measure the pulse envelope of classical and single photon light pulses., Comment: 4 figures

Published
2022
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27. Reusing Comparator Networks in Pseudo-Boolean Encodings

Author

Karpiński, Michał and Piotrów, Marek

Subjects
Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms
Abstract

A Pseudo-Boolean (PB) constraint is a linear inequality constraint over Boolean literals. One of the popular, efficient ideas used to solve PB-problems (a set of PB-constraints) is to translate them to SAT instances (encodings) via, for example, sorting networks, then to process those instances using state-of-the-art SAT-solvers. In this paper we show an improvement of such technique. By using a variation of a greedy set cover algorithm, when adding constraints to our encoding, we reuse parts of the already encoded PB-instance in order to decrease the size (the number of variables and clauses) of the resulting SAT instance. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed method increases the number of solved instances., Comment: Accepted to ICTAI 2022

Published
2022
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28. Investigating the effect of COVID-19 disruption in education using REDS data

Author

Alice Bertoletti and Zbigniew Karpiński

Subjects
Education (General), L7-991
Abstract

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has triggered a rapid and unprecedented transformation of global educational systems. The research community has uncovered important impacts of the pandemic on education worldwide, including detrimental effects on student learning, a decline in the well-being of teachers and students, and the exacerbation of educational disparities. Within this context, the Response to Education Disruption Survey (REDS) database stands out as one of the first large-scale international surveys specifically designed to examine the disruption caused by Covid-19 in education. This database serves as an initial step towards providing a more comprehensive understanding of the worldwide effects of the pandemic on education. The relevance of this database has inspired the creation of this special issue, collecting six studies that analyse the consequences of Covid-19 using REDS data.

Published
2024
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29. Influence of the breathing pattern on the pulmonary function of endurance-trained athletes

Author

Marcin Sikora, Rafał Mikołajczyk, Olga Łakomy, Jakub Karpiński, Aleksandra Żebrowska, Sabina Kostorz-Nosal, and Dariusz Jastrzębski

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Proper functioning of the respiratory system is one of the most important determinants of human health. According to current knowledge, the diaphragmatic breathing pattern seems to be the most favourable. However, recent reports indicate that athletes often have dysfunctional breathing patterns, which may be associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries. The influence of the type of breathing pattern on the mechanical airways in athletes has not been investigated. The aim of the present study was to determine the characteristics and relationships between breathing patterns and respiratory function in athletes. This study included 69 Polish elite endurance athletes (♂40, ♀29) in different sports disciplines and 44 (♂17, ♀27) healthy nonathletes as a control group. All participants underwent pulmonary function tests (spirometry, plethysmography, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide) with assessment of breathing patterns by the Hi–Lo test. Inspiratory and expiratory resistance (R) and reactance (X) of the respiratory system at a given frequency (5 Hz, 11 Hz, and 19 Hz) were measured by a noninvasive forced oscillation technique. In this study, almost half of the athletes (44.92%) had dysfunctional breathing patterns, although at a lower rate than that in the control group. Diaphragmatic breathing patterns were characterized by higher spirometric, plethysmographic and DLCO values compared to thoracic or abdominal breathing patterns. Similarly, lower inspiratory reactance at 5 Hz (X5%pred.) was observed in the diaphragmatic pattern compared to the thoracic pattern. A diaphragmatic breathing pattern is associated with better pulmonary function test results. However, this study revealed a dysfunctional breathing pattern in almost half of the athletes. These results suggest that the assessment of breathing patterns and the implementation of breathing exercises in athletes are essential to promote proper breathing patterns.

Published
2024
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30. Self-Kerr effect across the yellow $\mathrm{Cu_2O}$ Rydberg series

Author

Morin, Corentin, Tignon, Jérôme, Mangeney, Juliette, Dhillon, Sukhdeep, Czajkowski, Gerard, Karpiński, Karol, Zielińska-Raczyńska, Sylwia, Ziemkiewicz, David, and Boulier, Thomas

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We investigate the nonlinear refraction induced by Rydberg excitons in $\mathrm{Cu_2O}$. Using a high-precision interferometry imaging technique that spatially resolves the nonlinear phase shift, we observe significant shifts at extremely low laser intensity near each exciton resonance. From this, we derive the nonlinear index $\mathrm{n_2}$, present the $\mathrm{n_2}$ spectrum for $n\geq 5$ and report large $\mathrm{n_2}$ values of order $10^{-3}$ mm$^2$/mW. Moreover, we observe a rapid saturation of the Kerr nonlinearity and find that the saturation intensity $\mathrm{I_{sat}}$ decreases as $n^{-7}$. We explain this with the Rydberg blockade mechanism, whereby giant Rydberg interactions limit the exciton density, resulting in a maximum phase shift of 0.5 rad in our setup.

Published
2022

31. Quantitative Analysis of Lactobionic Acid in Bioreactor Cultures and Selected Biological Activities

Author

Kamila Goderska, Wojciech Juzwa, and Tomasz M. Karpiński

Subjects
lactobionic acid, Pseudomonas taetrolens, whey, lactose, flow cytometry, Bifidobacterium, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyse lactobionic acid obtained from bioreactor cultures using whey as a liquid medium with bacteria of the Pseudomonas taetrolens species. The most important culture parameters affecting the production of the acid are indicated and evaluated. The highest lactobionic acid yield was 37.42 g/L, selecting the appropriate strain (Pseudomonas taetrolens 4′) and environmental conditions (2% lactose concentration in the bioreactor). The amount of lactose and lactobionic acid was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Microorganism analysis was also carried out using a flow cytometer with imaging to study the metabolic activity of microorganisms during lactobionic acid production. In addition, during the study, Bifidobacteria were microencapsulated with lactobionic acid and their survival was evaluated in an in vitro model of the gastrointestinal tract, checking the prebiotic properties of the acid. The highest number of viable cells in the microcapsules after digestion was obtained using the Bifidobacterium bifidum strain DSM 20082. The antagonistic activity of lactobionic acid was also analysed.

Published
2024
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32. Adaptation to Sodium Hypochlorite and Potassium Permanganate May Lead to Their Ineffectiveness Against Candida albicans

Author

Tomasz M. Karpiński, Marzena Korbecka-Paczkowska, Marcin Ożarowski, Donald Włodkowic, Marzena Liliana Wyganowska, Agnieszka Seremak-Mrozikiewicz, and Judyta Cielecka-Piontek

Subjects
antimicrobial resistance, AMR, fungi, priority pathogens, clinical concentration, clinical dose, Medicine, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Adaptation can reduce or completely eliminate the effectiveness of antibiotics and antiseptics at clinical concentrations. To our knowledge, no studies have examined fungal adaptation to antiseptics. This study aimed to preliminarily investigate the potential for Candida albicans adaptation to eight antiseptics. Methods: The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), drug susceptibility, adaptation to antiseptics, and Karpinski Adaptation Index (KAI) of C. albicans strains were assessed. Results: The antiseptics with the most effective MICs activity against C. albicans were octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and polyhexamethylene biguanide (polyhexanide, PHMB). Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethacridine lactate (ET) demonstrated moderate activity, while boric acid (BA), povidone–iodine (PVI), and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) showed the weakest activity. The MIC values for NaOCl and KMnO4 were close to or equal to the clinical concentrations used in commercial products. The studied strains were susceptible to econazole, miconazole, and voriconazole. Resistance to other drugs occurred in 10–30% of the strains. Antifungal resistance remained unchanged after antiseptic adaptation testing. The lowest KAI values, indicating very low resistance risk, were observed for CHX, OCT, and PHMB. PVI and BA presented a low risk, ET a moderate risk. KMnO4 and NaOCl had the highest KAI values, indicating high and very high resistance risk in Candida yeasts. Conclusions: C. albicans strains can adapt to antiseptics to varying extents. For most antiseptics, adaptation does not significantly affect their clinical efficacy. However, due to adaptation, NaOCl and KMnO4 may become ineffective against C. albicans strains even at clinical concentrations.

Published
2024
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33. Linear-time algorithm for vertex 2-coloring without monochromatic triangles on planar graphs

Author

Karpiński, Michał and Piecuch, Krzysztof

Subjects
Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

In the problem of 2-coloring without monochromatic triangles (or triangle-tree 2-coloring), vertices of the simple, connected, undirected graph are colored with either 'black' or 'white' such that there are no 3 mutually adjacent vertices of the same color. In this paper we are positively answering the question posed in our previous work, namely, if there exists an algorithm solving 2-coloring without monochromatic triangles on planar graphs with linear-time complexity.

Published
2021

34. APPLICATION OF EEMD-DFA ALGORITHMS AND ANN CLASSIFICATION FOR DETECTION OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS USING VIBROARTHROGRAPHY

Author

Anna MACHROWSKA, Robert KARPIŃSKI, Marcin MACIEJEWSKI, Józef JONAK, and Przemysław KRAKOWSKI

Subjects
Knee joint, cartilage, Artificial neural networks, EEMD, DFA, ANOVA, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of disability around the globe. Up to this date there is no definite cure for cartilage lesions. Only fast and accurate diagnosis enables prolonging joint survivor time. Available diagnostic methods have disadvantages such as high price, radiation, need for experienced radiologists or low availability in some regions. The present study evaluates the use of vibroarthorgraphy as a method of cartilage lesion detection. 47 patients with diagnosed cartilage lesions, and 51 healthy control group patients have been enrolled in this study. The cartilage in the study group was evaluated intraoperatively by experienced orthopaedic surgeon. Signal acquisition was performed in open and closed kinematic chain based on 10 knee joint movements from 0-90 degrees. By using EEMD-DFA algorithms, reducing classifier inputs using ANOVA and then classifying using artificial neural networks (ANN), a classification accuracy of almost 93% was achieved. A sensitivity of 0.93 and a specificity of 0.93 with an AUC of 0.942 were obtained for the multilayer perceptron network. These results allow to apply this testing protocol in a clinical setting in the future.

Published
2024
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35. CONCEPT AND VALIDATION OF A SYSTEM FOR RECORDING VIBROACOUSTIC SIGNALS OF THE KNEE JOINT

Author

Robert Karpiński, Anna Machrowska, Marcin Maciejewski, Józef Jonak, and Przemysław Krakowski

Subjects
vibroarthtography, knee, osteoarthritis, articular cartilage, sensors, acoustic signals, Environmental engineering, TA170-171, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Cartilage degeneration is a serious health condition in modern society, leading to problems in mobility and significant reduction in the quality of life of patients of all ages. It is mainly caused by obesity, workload, sports or trauma to the joint. Proper diagnosis is crucial to implement appropriate treatment to stop the further degeneration of the tissue. Usually the assessment is performed by using magnetic resonance. This paper describes the design and application of an alternative measurement system for vibroartography of the knee joint. The use of such device allows for fast, safe, easy and cheap assessment of joint condition, which in turn can lead to proper treatment planning. Similar portable systems can be rapidly deployed and used by entry level medical staff in hospitals, clinics or at patient’s home. The system consists of an orthosis, set of three vibroacoustic sensors, encoder for reading knee position, microcontroller with galvanic barrier and battery power and a computer for data storage and processing. The system is light, simple and portable. Data is recorded in both closed and open kinematic chains. Results show over 90% diagnostic accuracy based on the data obtained in the process of testing this device. In the future, the system will be further miniaturized and completely placed on the orthosis, leading to more portability and diagnostic merit.

Published
2024
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37. Unveiling the full spectrum of maitake mushrooms: A comprehensive review of their medicinal, therapeutic, nutraceutical, and cosmetic potential

Author

Emma Camilleri, Renald Blundell, Bikash Baral, Tomasz M. Karpiński, Edlira Aruci, and Omar M. Atrooz

Subjects
Maitake mushrooms, Grifola frondose, Anti-Cancer, Anti-microbial, Anti-diabetic, Immunomodulation, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

This literature review provides an up-to-date exploration of the multifaceted attributes of maitake mushrooms (Grifola frondosa), elucidating their bioactive phytochemicals and diverse health advantages, including their substantial role in supporting human health and potential incorporation into the medicinal industry. Carbohydrates and protein are the major constituents contributing to the dry weight of G. frondosa, taking up around 70–80 % and 13–21 %, respectively, with emerging research linking these constituents to various health benefits. By synthesising current research findings, this review emphasises the substantial role of maitake mushrooms in supporting human health and underscores their potential incorporation into the medicinal industry. To further advance our understanding, future research should delve into the mechanisms underlying their health-promoting effects, with a focus on conducting quantitative studies to elucidate physiological pathways and potential drug interactions. Additionally, exploring their integration into functional foods or nutraceuticals through quantitative assessments of bioavailability and efficacy will be crucial for maximising their therapeutic benefits. This review aims to provide comprehensive insights, catalysing further research and innovation in utilising maitake mushrooms for improved well-being and industry advancement.

Published
2024
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41. Electro-optical properties of excitons in Cu$_2$O quantum wells: I discrete states

Author

Ziemkiewicz, David, Czajkowski, Gerard, Karpiński, Karol, and Raczyńska, Sylwia Zielińska

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We present theoretical results of the calculations of optical functions for Cu$_2$O quantum well (QW) with Rydberg excitons in an external homogeneous electric field of an arbitrary field strength. Two configurations of an external electric field perpendicular and parallel to the QW planes are considered in the energetic region for discrete excitonic states and continuum states. With the help of the real density matrix approach, which enables the derivation of the analytical expressions for the QW electro-optical functions, absorption spectra are calculated for the case of the excitation energy below the gap energy.

Published
2021
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42. Electro-optical properties of excitons in Cu$_2$O quantum wells: II continuum states

Author

Ziemkiewicz, David, Czajkowski, Gerard, Karpiński, Karol, and Raczyńska, Sylwia Zielińska

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We present theoretically calculated optical functions for Cu$_2$O quantum well (QW) with Rydberg excitons in an external, homogeneous electric field parallel to the QW planes for the energy region above the gap, suitable to observe the Franz-Keldysh (FK) oscillations. We quantitatively describe the amplitudes and periodicity of FK modulations and the influence of both Rydberg excitons and confinement effect on this phenomenon.

Published
2021
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43. Fractional Derivative Modification of a Drude Model

Author

Karpiński, Karol, Raczyńska, Sylwia Zielińska, and Ziemkiewicz, David

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

A modification of the Drude dispersive model based on fractional time derivative is presented. The dielectric susceptibility is calculated analytically and simulated numerically, showing a good agreement between theoretical description and numerical results. The absorption coefficient and wave vector -- key parameters describing the propagation of waves in such a medium -- are shown to follow a power law in the frequency domain, which is a common phenomenon in many real life applications. The introduction of two separate parameters provides a more flexible model than some other approaches found in literature and is well suited for numerical implementation., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021

44. Short-Term Hydrolytic Degradation of Mechanical Properties of Absorbable Surgical Sutures: A Comparative Study

Author

Jakub Szabelski and Robert Karpiński

Subjects
polymer sutures, mechanical properties, strength, elongation, modulus, tensile properties, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Surgical sutures play a crucial role in wound closure, facilitating the tissue-healing process across various fields of medicine. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of seasoning time during the initial days/weeks of seasoning in Ringer’s solution on the mechanical properties of five commercial absorbable sutures: SafilQuick+®, Novosyn®, MonosynQuick®, Monosyn® and Monoplus®, each with different absorption periods. The results demonstrated that the SafilQuick+ and MonosynQuick sutures lost strength within 9–12 days, as evidenced by statistically significant changes in tensile strength. In contrast, the Novosyn and Monoplus sutures did not exhibit significant changes in strength during the study period. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in the behaviour of the individual sutures, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate suture material in the context of the specific medical procedure.

Published
2024
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45. Co-Targeting of DTYMK and PARP1 as a Potential Therapeutic Approach in Uveal Melanoma

Author

Sylwia Oziębło, Jakub Mizera, Agata Górska, Mateusz Krzyziński, Paweł Karpiński, Anna Markiewicz, Maria Małgorzata Sąsiadek, Bożena Romanowska-Dixon, Przemysław Biecek, Mai P. Hoang, Antonina J. Mazur, and Piotr Donizy

Subjects
DTYMK, immunohistochemistry, inhibitors, PARP1, uveal melanoma, BAP1, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults, with no standardized treatment for advanced disease. Based on preliminary bioinformatical analyses DTYMK and PARP1 were selected as potential therapeutic targets. High levels of both proteins were detected in uveal melanoma cells and correlated with increased tumor growth and poor prognosis. In vitro tests on MP41 (BAP1 positive) and MP46 (BAP1 negative) cancer cell lines using inhibitors pamiparib (PARP1) and Ymu1 (DTYMK) demonstrated significant cytotoxic effects. Combined treatment had synergistic effects in MP41 and additive in MP46 cell lines, reducing cell proliferation and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, the applied inhibitors in combination decreased cell motility and migration speed, especially for BAP1-negative cell lines. Our hypothesis of the double hit into tumoral DNA metabolism as a possible therapeutic option in uveal melanoma was confirmed since combined targeting of DTYMK and PARP1 affected all tested cytophysiological parameters with the highest efficiency. Our in vitro findings provide insights into novel therapeutic avenues for managing uveal melanoma, warranting further exploration in preclinical and clinical settings.

Published
2024
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46. Plant Organic Acids as Natural Inhibitors of Foodborne Pathogens

Author

Tomasz M. Karpiński and Marcin Ożarowski

Subjects
antimicrobials, antiseptics, natural compounds, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Background: Foodborne infections affect approximately 600 million people annually. Simultaneously, many plants contain substances like organic acids, which have antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 21 organic acids, naturally occurring in plants, on four foodborne bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium) and two fungi (Geotrichum candidum and Penicillium candidum). Methods: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the organic acids against foodborne bacteria and in silico toxicity prediction of acids were investigated. Results: Benzoic and salicylic acids exhibit the best activity against foodborne bacteria (mean MIC < 1 mg/mL). Acetic, chlorogenic, formic, malic, nicotinic, and rosmarinic acids demonstrate slightly weaker activity (mean MICs 1–2 mg/mL). Other acids have moderate or poor activity. The effectiveness of organic acids against foodborne fungi is weaker than against bacteria. Most acids require high concentrations (from 10 to >100 mg/mL) to inhibit fungal growth effectively. The predicted LD50 of organic acids ranges from 48 to 5000 mg/kg. Those potentially safe as food preservatives (MIC < LD50) include ascorbic, chlorogenic, malic, nicotinic, rosmarinic, salicylic, succinic, tannic, and tartaric acids. The studied organic acids are not carcinogenic but many can cause adverse effects such as skin sensitization, eye irritation, and potential nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, or neurotoxicity. Conclusions: Most of the investigated plant-derived organic acids exhibit good antibacterial activity and moderate or poor antifungal effects. Among 21 acids, only 9 appear to be safe as food preservatives (MIC < LD50). The relationship between MIC and LD50 is crucial in determining the suitability of organic acids as food preservatives, ensuring that they are effective against bacteria or fungi at concentrations that are not harmful to humans.

Published
2024
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47. Irreducible L5/S1 Spondyloptosis in Over 20 Years After Neglected Trauma Treated with Modified Grob’s Technique – Case Report

Author

Bębenek A, Dominiak M, Karpiński G, and Godlewski B

Subjects
spondyloptosis, vertebrae slippage, spondylolisthesis, grob’s technique, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Adam B&eogon;benek, Maciej Dominiak, Grzegorz Karpi&nacute;ski, Bartosz Godlewski Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology with Spinal Surgery Ward, Scanmed – St. Raphael Hospital, Cracow, PolandCorrespondence: Adam B&eogon;benek, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology with Spinal Surgery Ward, Scanmed – St. Raphael Hospital, Cracow, Poland, Email bebenek.adam.24@gmail.comIntroduction: Spondyloptosis, characterized by complete slippage of the upper vertebral body relative to the lower vertebral body, is an exceedingly rare condition. Typically, it occurs as a result of a high-energy injury and is promptly managed. It is uncommon for a patient to present to a spinal surgery unit several decades after the initial incident.Case Report: In this case report, we describe the case of a 62-year-old man who experienced a lumbosacral injury from a fall twenty years prior to seeking treatment. The patient had multiple comorbidities, including obesity and internal medicine conditions. He presented with severe back pain radiating to the lower extremities, accompanied by significant neurogenic chroma and lower extremity weakness. Imaging studies revealed spondyloptosis at the L5/S1 level, along with bony fusion and spinal canal stenosis at the L3/L4 level.Conclusion: The patient underwent surgical intervention using Grob’s direct pediculo-body fixation technique. The postoperative period was uneventful, and over the course of one year of follow-up, the patient experienced a resolution of symptoms and significant improvement in functional capacity.Keywords: spondyloptosis, vertebrae slippage, spondylolisthesis, Grob’s technique

Published
2023

48. Impact of livestock grazing on the terrestrial arthropod diversity in the arid zone of Mongolia

Author

L. Karpiński, I. E. Maák, B. Boldgiv, S. Salata, T. Gantulga, M. A. Mazur, and W. T. Szczepański

Subjects
arid ecosystems, bioindicators, Central Asia, semi-desert, steppe, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

AbstractArthropods play an essential role in steppe ecosystems. However, studies testing the overall response of terrestrial arthropods to overgrazing are scarce. The problem is particularly worrisome in Central Asia, while, to date, only a very few broader studies have been conducted in this region. We investigated how epigeic terrestrial arthropod assemblages respond to different livestock grazing pressure in two ecozones in SE Mongolia by examining their structure using pitfall traps. We also assessed which groups can be utilised as the most efficient indicators of grazing intensity. Our analyses demonstrated that the habitat type, grazing intensity, and the interaction of these variables had a significant effect on the overall species composition and abundance. However, the grazing intensity caused different changes in the composition of arthropod communities in both studied ecozones. Contrary to the semi-desert, in the steppe habitat, the grazing had the strongest impact in the moderately grazed site. It is most likely because steppe-dwelling species are more sensitive to loss of plant biomass and changes in habitat structure. We also found that the most representative species within and from different groups can react differently to changing grazing intensities, indicating with their presence the characteristics of the respective habitat. Such differences should also be considered when elaborating the management plan of conserved species but also when applying grazing management in different habitat types. Our survey is one of the most comprehensive in Central Asia and should help implement further, more targeted studies in the corresponding habitats.

Published
2023
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49. Status and Just Gender Pay Gaps: Results of a Vignette Study

Author

Kinga Wysieńska-Di Carlo and Zbigniew Karpiński

Subjects
Social Sciences, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract

The authors present results from a multifactorial survey experiment conducted on a sample of Polish working-age adults querying their evaluations of just pay for men and women. The experiment was designed to investigate whether gender pay gaps are considered fair and to what extent they can be explained by status-based processes. Respondents rated the fairness of the earnings of hypothetical men and women with different ages and parenthood statuses in 21 occupations. The occupations differed in prestige and gender composition. The authors find that perceived just earnings for women are marginally lower than they are for otherwise identical men, regardless of respondents’ characteristics. Just gender pay gaps are largest among incumbents of high-prestige occupations and in male-dominated and gender-balanced occupations. The authors also find that motherhood penalties are not acceptable. In fact, respondents view both men and women with more than two children as deserving of a parenthood bonus.

Published
2024
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50. Experimental Investigation of Performance of the Rotorcraft Directional Rudder

Author

Andrej Novák, Karol Ścisłowski, Rafał Kliza, Robert Bąbel, Zbigniew Czyż, and Paweł Karpiński

Subjects
gyrocopter, wind tunnel, aerodynamic research, directional rudder, sideslip angle, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990, Science, Transportation engineering, TA1001-1280
Abstract

The paper presents the results of gyrocopter fuselage experiment testing in a wind tunnel. The model subjected to testing was made in 1:8 scale by 3D printing. The tests included the measurement of forces and aerodynamic moments acting on the model, for a variable fuselage sideslip angle (-20º to 20º), and for three different positions of the rudder setting (0º, +5º, +10º). The measurement was carried out at an airspeed of 25 to 26 m/s. Based on the measured values, aerodynamic drag coefficients, lift coefficient and aerodynamic moment coefficients with respect to all axes of the reference system, were determined. The measurements carried out have facilitated the derivation of diverse characteristics, validating our conclusions. The results and conclusions drawn from these experiments can be valuable in enhancing the design and functionality of rotorcraft rudders.

Published
2024
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