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2. Advanced metal processing enabled by fiber lasers with tunable beam properties

Author

Kliner, Dahv A., primary, Farrow, R. L., additional, Lugo, J., additional, O'Dea, B., additional, Hawke, R., additional, Victor, B., additional, Gross, K., additional, Hodges, A., additional, Brown, A., additional, Pruyn, J., additional, Stephens, R., additional, Foley, B., additional, Almonte, K., additional, Kehoe, B., additional, Hamilton, M., additional, Reynolds, M., additional, Luetjen, C., additional, Lowder, T., additional, Karlsen, S., additional, Balsley, D., additional, Antoina, M., additional, Kokki, T., additional, Swenson, D., additional, Archer, C., additional, Martinsen, R., additional, and Hepp, M., additional

Published
2022
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3. Clinical Course of acute-on-chronic liver failure syndrome and effects on prognosis

Author

Gustot, Thierry, Fernandez, Javier, Garcia, Elisabet, Morando, Filippo, Caraceni, Paolo, Alessandria, Carlo, Laleman, Wim, Trebicka, Jonel, Elkrief, Laure, Hopf, Corinna, Solís-Munoz, Pablo, Saliba, Faouzi, Zeuzem, Stefan, Albillos, Augustin, Benten, Daniel, Montero-Alvarez, José Luis, Chivas, Maria Teresa, Concepción, Mar, Córdoba, Juan, McCormick, Aiden, Stauber, Rudolf, Vogel, Wolfgang, de Gottardi, Andrea, Welzel, Tania M., Domenicali, Marco, Risso, Alessandro, Wendon, Julia, Deulofeu, Carme, Angeli, Paolo, Durand, François, Pavesi, Marco, Gerbes, Alexander, Jalan, Rajiv, Moreau, Richard, Ginés, Pere, Bernardi, Mauro, Arroyo, Vicente, Aguilar-Melero, P, Bañares, R, Bocci, M, Catalina, M V, Chin, J L, Coenraad, M J, Coilly, A, Dorn, L, Gatta, A, Gerber, L, Grenbæk, H, Graupera, I, Guevara, M, Hausen, A, Karlsen, S, Lohse, A W, Maggioli, C, Markwardt, D, Martinez, J, Marzano, A, de la Mata García, M, Mesonero, F, Mookerjee, R P, Moreno, C, Morrell, B, Mortensen, C, Nevens, F, Peck-Radosavljevic, M, Rizzetto, M, Romano, A, Samuel, D, Sauerbruch, T, Simon-Talero, M, Solà, E, Soriano, G, Sperl, J, Spindelboeck, W, Steib, C, Valla, D, Verbeke, L, Van Vlierberghe, H, Wege, H, Willars, C, Baenas, M Y, and Zaccherini, G.

Published
2015
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4. Use of Health Services by Children

Author

Reid, Fiona, Sturdy, Patricia, Rogers, A., Karlsen, S., Bruijnzeels, M. A., Leung, Wai-Ching, Bragonier, Reg, Arber, S., Cooper, H., and Smaje, C.

Published
1999

5. Updated systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and well-being for children and youth: A protocol

Author

Priest, N, Doery, K, Truong, M, Guo, S, Perry, R, Trenerry, B, Karlsen, S, Kelly, Y, Paradies, Yin, Priest, N, Doery, K, Truong, M, Guo, S, Perry, R, Trenerry, B, Karlsen, S, Kelly, Y, and Paradies, Yin

Abstract

Introduction Racism is a critical determinant of health and health inequities for children and youth. This protocol aims to update the first systematic review conducted by Priest et al (2013), including a meta-analysis of findings. Based on previous empirical data, it is anticipated that child and youth health will be negatively impacted by racism. Findings from this review will provide updated evidence of effect sizes across outcomes and identify moderators and mediators of relationships between racism and health.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will include studies that examine associations between experiences of racism and racial discrimination with health outcomes of children and youth aged 0–24 years. Exposure measures include self-reported or proxy reported systemic, interpersonal and intrapersonal racism. Outcome measures include general health and well-being, physical health, mental health, biological markers, healthcare utilisation and health behaviours. A comprehensive search of studies from the earliest time available to October 2020 will be conducted. A random effects meta-analysis will examine the average effect of racism on a range of health outcomes. Study-level moderation will test the difference in effect sizes with regard to various sample and exposure characteristics. This review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.Ethics and disseminationThis review will provide evidence for future research within the field and help to support policy and practice development. Results will be widely disseminated to both academic and non-academic audiences through peer-review publications, community summaries and presentations to research, policy, practice and community audiences.

Published
2021

10. Achieving SDG 10: A Global Review of Public Service Inclusion Strategies for Ethnic and Religious Minorities

Author

Mir, G, Karlsen, S, Mitullah, W, Bhojani, U, Uzochukwu, B, Okeke, C, Mirzoev, T, Ebenso, B, Dracup, N, Dymski, G, Duong, DTT, Ha, BTT, Ouma, S, Onibon, F, Ogwezi, J, and Adris, S

Abstract

Social inequalities are intensifying globally and widening divisions are linked to civil unrest. Disadvantaged ethnic and religious groups experience poor access to, representation in and outcomes from public services such as healthcare and education. As mechanisms for social participation and citizenship, public services are key to inclusive and sustainable societies. In this paper we present results of a systematic review on strategies for the inclusion of minority ethnic and religious communities, often neglected populations in term of sustainable development activity. We focus on four public service areas: education, health, local government and police services and identify evidence gaps. Our overall aim is to raise awareness and provoke debate, reflection and subsequently action towards the inclusion of disadvantaged ethnic and religious minorities within public services. Public service inclusion strategies were identified through a global evidence review and four country specific reviews conducted by the Socially Inclusive Cities Network – academics, NGOs, policy – makers and practitioners from India, Kenya, Nigeria, Vietnam and the UK. Published evidence was supplemented by country-based and international workshops involving over 230 relevant stakeholders. We specifically explored intersectional experience relating to gender, age and migration status. 56 publications were identified for the global review, mostly in health and education. Macro (social and political), meso (institutional) and micro (individual) arena were identified as three distinct but interconnected levels through which exclusion is operationalized. Three overarching frameworks appeared key to successful ethnic and religious inclusion initiatives: accounting for social context; multiple strategies for system reform; and collaboration with disadvantaged communities. Inclusion strategies that address macro, meso and micro level drivers of exclusion are needed to achieve the aspirations of SDG 10. Involving affected communities is key to their success.

Published
2020

14. State of the Climate in 2018

Author

Ades, M., Adler, R., Aldeco, Laura S., Alejandra, G., Alfaro, Eric J., Aliaga-Nestares, Vannia, Allan, Richard P., Allan, Rob, Alves, Lincoln M., Amador, Jorge A., Andersen, J. K., Anderson, John, Arndt, Derek S., Arosio, C., Arrigo, Kevin, Azorin-Molina, César, Bardin, M. Yu, Barichivich, Jonathan, Barreira, Sandra, Baxter, Stephen, Beck, H. E., Becker, Andreas, Bell, Gerald D., Bellouin, Nicolas, Belmont, M., Benedetti, Angela, Benedict, Imme, Bernhard, G. H., Berrisford, Paul, Berry, David I., Bettio, Lynette, Bhatt, U. S., Biskaborn, B. K., Bissolli, Peter, Bjella, Kevin L., Bjerke, J. K., Blake, Eric S., Blenkinsop, Stephen, Blunden, Jessica, Bock, Olivier, Bosilovich, Michael G., Boucher, Olivier, Box, J. E., Boyer, Tim, Braathen, Geir, Bringas, Francis G., Bromwich, David H., Brown, Alrick, Brown, R., Brown, Timothy J., Buehler, S. A., Cáceres, Luis, Calderón, Blanca, Camargo, Suzana J., Campbell, Jayaka D., Campos Diaz, Diego A., Cappelen, J., Carrea, Laura, Carrier, Seth B., Carter, Brendan R., Castro, Anabel Y., Cetinic, Ivona, Chambers, Don P., Chen, Lin, Cheng, Lijing, Cheng, Vincent Y.S., Christiansen, Hanne H., Christy, John R., Chung, E. S., Claus, Federico, Clem, Kyle R., Coelho, Caio A.S., Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie, Colwell, Steve, Cooper, Owen R., Cosca, Cathy, Covey, Curt, Coy, Lawrence, Dávila, Cristina P., Davis, Sean M., de Eyto, Elvira, de Jeu, Richard A.M., De Laat, Jos, Decharme, B., Degasperi, Curtis L., Degenstein, Doug, Demircan, Mesut, Derksen, C., Dhurmea, K. R., Di Girolamo, Larry, Diamond, Howard J., Diaz, Eliecer, Diniz, Fransisco A., Dlugokencky, Ed J., Dohan, Kathleen, Dokulil, Martin T., Dolman, A. Johannes, Domingues, Catia M., Domingues, Ricardo, Donat, Markus G., Dorigo, Wouter A., Drozdov, D. S., Druckenmiller, Matthew L., Dunn, Robert J.H., Durre, Imke, Dutton, Geoff S., Elkharrim, M., Elkins, James W., Epstein, H. E., Espinoza, Jhan C., Famiglietti, James S., Farrell, Sinead L., Fausto, R. S., Feely, Richard A., Feng, Z., Fenimore, Chris, Fettweis, X., Fioletov, Vitali E., Flemming, Johannes, Fogt, Ryan L., Forbes, B. C., Foster, Michael J., Francis, S. D., Franz, Bryan A., Frey, Richard A., Frith, Stacey M., Froidevaux, Lucien, Ganter, Catherine, Garforth, J., Gerland, Sebastian, Gilson, John, Gleason, Karin, Gobron, Nadine, Goetz, S., Goldenberg, Stanley B., Goni, Gustavo, Gray, Alison, Grooß, Jens Uwe, Gruber, Alexander, Gu, Guojun, Guard, Charles Chip P., Gupta, S. K., Gutiérrez, Dimitri, Haas, Christian, Hagos, S., Hahn, Sebastian, Haimberger, Leo, Hall, Brad D., Halpert, Michael S., Hamlington, Benjamin D., Hanna, E., Hanssen-Bauer, I., Harris, Ian, Hazeleger, Wilco, He, Q., Heidinger, Andrew K., Heim, Richard R., Hemming, D. L., Hendricks, Stefan, Hernández, Rafael, Hersbach, H. E., Hidalgo, Hugo G., Ho, Shu Peng Ben, Holmes, R. M., Hu, Chuanmin, Huang, Boyin, Hubbard, Katherine, Hubert, Daan, Hurst, Dale F., Ialongo, Iolanda, Ijampy, J. A., Inness, Antje, Isaac, Victor, Isaksen, K., Ishii, Masayoshi, Jeffries, Martin O., Jevrejeva, Svetlana, Jia, G., Jiménez, C., Jin, Xiangze, John, Viju, Johnsen, Bjørn, Johnson, Gregory C., Johnson, Kenneth S., Johnson, Bryan, Jones, Philip D., Jumaux, Guillaume, Kabidi, Khadija, Kaiser, J. W., Karaköylü, Erdem M., Karlsen, S. R., Karnauskas, Mandy, Kato, Seiji, Kazemi, A. Fazl, Kelble, Christopher, Keller, Linda M., Kennedy, John, Kholodov, A. L., Khoshkam, Mahbobeh, Kidd, R., Killick, Rachel, Kim, Hyungjun, Kim, S. J., King, A. D., King, Brian A., Kipling, Z., Klotzbach, Philip J., Knaff, John A., Korhonen, Johanna, Korshunova, Natalia N., Kramarova, Natalya A., Kratz, D. P., Kruger, Andries, Kruk, Michael C., Krumpen, Thomas, Labbé, L., Ladd, C., Lakatos, Mónika, Lakkala, Kaisa, Lander, Mark A., Landschützer, Peter, Landsea, Chris W., Lareau, Neil P., Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo, Lazzara, Matthew A., Lee, T. C., Leuliette, Eric, L’heureux, Michelle, Li, Bailing, Li, Tim, Lieser, Jan L., Lim, J. Y., Lin, I. I., Liu, Hongxing, Locarnini, Ricardo, Loeb, Norman G., Long, Craig S., López, Luis A., Lorrey, Andrew M., Loyola, Diego, Lumpkin, Rick, Luo, Jing Jia, Luojus, K., Lyman, John M., Malkova, G. V., Manney, Gloria L., Marchenko, S. S., Marengo, José A., Marin, Dora, Marquardt Collow, Allison B., Marra, John J., Marszelewski, Wlodzimierz, Martens, B., Martínez-Güingla, Rodney, Massom, Robert A., May, Linda, Mayer, Michael, Mazloff, Matthew, McBride, Charlotte, McCabe, M., McClelland, J. W., McEvoy, Daniel J., McGree, Simon, McVicar, Tim R., Mears, Carl A., Meier, Walt, Meijers, Andrew, Mekonnen, Ademe, Mengistu Tsidu, G., Menzel, W. Paul, Merchant, Christopher J., Meredith, Michael P., Merrifield, Mark A., Miller, Ben, Miralles, Diego G., Misevicius, Noelia, Mitchum, Gary T., Mochizuki, Y., Monselesan, Didier, Montzka, Stephen A., Mora, Natali, Morice, Colin, Mosquera-Vásquez, Kobi, Mostafa, Awatif E., Mote, T., Mudryk, L., Mühle, Jens, Mullan, A. Brett, Müller, Rolf, Myneni, R., Nash, Eric R., Nauslar, Nicholas J., Nerem, R. Steven, Newman, Paul A., Nicolas, Julien P., Nieto, Juan José, Noetzli, Jeannette, Osborn, Tim J., Osborne, Emily, Overland, J., Oyunjargal, Lamjav, Park, T., Pasch, Richard J., Pascual Ramírez, Reynaldo, Pastor Saavedra, Maria Asuncion, Paterson, Andrew M., Pearce, Petra R., Pelto, Mauri S., Perovich, Don, Petropavlovskikh, Irina, Pezza, Alexandre B., Phillips, C., Phillips, David, Phoenix, G., Pinty, Bernard, Pitts, Michael, Po-Chedley, S., Polashenski, Chris, Preimesberger, W., Purkey, Sarah G., Quispe, Nelson, Rajeevan, Madhavan, Rakotoarimalala, C. L., Ramos, Andrea M., Ramos, Isabel, Randel, W., Raynolds, M. K., Reagan, James, Reid, Phillip, Reimer, Christoph, Rémy, Samuel, Revadekar, Jayashree V., Richardson, A. D., Richter-Menge, Jacqueline, Ricker, Robert, Ripaldi, A., Robinson, David A., Rodell, Matthew, Rodriguez Camino, Ernesto, Romanovsky, Vladimir E., Ronchail, Josyane, Rosenlof, Karen H., Rösner, Benajamin, Roth, Chris, Rozanov, A., Rusak, James A., Rustemeier, Elke, Rutishäuser, T., Sallée, Jean Baptiste, Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira, Santee, Michelle L., Sawaengphokhai, P., Sayouri, Amal, Scambos, Ted A., Scanlon, T., Scardilli, Alvaro S., Schenzinger, Verena, Schladow, S. Geoffey, Schmid, Claudia, Schmid, Martin, Schoeneich, P., Schreck, Carl J., Selkirk, H. B., Sensoy, Serhat, Shi, Lei, Shiklomanov, A. I., Shiklomanov, Nikolai I., Shimpo, A., Shuman, Christopher A., Siegel, David A., Sima, Fatou, Simmons, Adrian J., Smeets, C. J.P.P., Smith, Adam, Smith, Sharon L., Soden, B., Sofieva, Viktoria, Sparks, T. H., Spence, Jacqueline, Spencer, R. G.M., Spillane, Sandra, Srivastava, A. K., Stabeno, P. J., Stackhouse, Paul W., Stammerjohn, Sharon, Stanitski, Diane M., Steinbrecht, Wolfgang, Stella, José L., Stengel, M., Stephenson, Tannecia S., Strahan, Susan E., Streeter, Casey, Streletskiy, Dimitri A., Sun-Mack, Sunny, Suslova, A., Sutton, Adrienne J., Swart, Sebastiann, Sweet, William, Takahashi, Kenneth S., Tank, S. E., Taylor, Michael A., Tedesco, M., Thackeray, S. J., Thompson, Philip R., Timbal, Bertrand, Timmermans, M. L., Tobin, Skie, Tømmervik, H., Tourpali, Kleareti, Trachte, Katja, Tretiakov, M., Trewin, Blair C., Triñanes, Joaquin A., Trotman, Adrian R., Tschudi, Mark, Tye, Mari R., van As, D., van de Wal, R. S.W., van der A, Ronald J., van der Schalie, Robin, van der Schrier, Gerard, van der Werf, Guido R., van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J., Verburg, Piet, Vieira, G., Vincent, Lucie A., Vömel, Holger, Vose, Russell S., Walker, D. A., Walsh, J. E., Wang, Bin, Wang, Hui, Wang, Lei, Wang, M., Wang, Mengqiu, Wang, Ray, Wang, Sheng Hung, Wanninkhof, Rik, Watanabe, Shohei, Weber, Mark, Webster, Melinda, Weerts, Albrecht, Weller, Robert A., Westberry, Toby K., Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Widlansky, Matthew J., Wijffels, Susan E., Wilber, Anne C., Wild, Jeanette D., Willett, Kate M., Wong, Takmeng, Wood, E. F., Woolway, R. Iestyn, Xue, Yan, Yin, Xungang, Yu, Lisan, Zambrano, Eduardo, Zeyaeyan, Sadegh, Zhang, Huai Min, Zhang, Peiqun, Zhao, Guanguo, Zhao, Lin, Zhou, Xinjia, Zhu, Zhiwei, Ziemke, Jerry R., Ziese, Markus, Andersen, Andrea, Griffin, Jessicca, Hammer, Gregory, Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth, Misch, Deborah J., Riddle, Deborah B., Veasey, Sara W., Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Berry, David, Jevrejeva, Svetlana, King, Brian, and Domingues, Catia

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Atmospheric Science, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0207 environmental engineering, Mineralogy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, SDG 13 - Climate Action, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 020701 environmental engineering, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800 000 years. Combined, greenhouse gases and several halogenated gases contribute just over 3 W m−2 to radiative forcing and represent a nearly 43% increase since 1990. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about 65% of this radiative forcing. With a weak La Niña in early 2018 transitioning to a weak El Niño by the year's end, the global surface (land and ocean) temperature was the fourth highest on record, with only 2015 through 2017 being warmer. Several European countries reported record high annual temperatures. There were also more high, and fewer low, temperature extremes than in nearly all of the 68-year extremes record. Madagascar recorded a record daily temperature of 40.5°C in Morondava in March, while South Korea set its record high of 41.0°C in August in Hongcheon. Nawabshah, Pakistan, recorded its highest temperature of 50.2°C, which may be a new daily world record for April. Globally, the annual lower troposphere temperature was third to seventh highest, depending on the dataset analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was approximately fifth lowest. The 2018 Arctic land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981-2010 average, tying for third highest in the 118-year record, following 2016 and 2017. June's Arctic snow cover extent was almost half of what it was 35 years ago. Across Greenland, however, regional summer temperatures were generally below or near average. Additionally, a satellite survey of 47 glaciers in Greenland indicated a net increase in area for the first time since records began in 1999. Increasing permafrost temperatures were reported at most observation sites in the Arctic, with the overall increase of 0.1°-0.2°C between 2017 and 2018 being comparable to the highest rate of warming ever observed in the region. On 17 March, Arctic sea ice extent marked the second smallest annual maximum in the 38-year record, larger than only 2017. The minimum extent in 2018 was reached on 19 September and again on 23 September, tying 2008 and 2010 for the sixth lowest extent on record. The 23 September date tied 1997 as the latest sea ice minimum date on record. First-year ice now dominates the ice cover, comprising 77% of the March 2018 ice pack compared to 55% during the 1980s. Because thinner, younger ice is more vulnerable to melting out in summer, this shift in sea ice age has contributed to the decreasing trend in minimum ice extent. Regionally, Bering Sea ice extent was at record lows for almost the entire 2017/18 ice season. For the Antarctic continent as a whole, 2018 was warmer than average. On the highest points of the Antarctic Plateau, the automatic weather station Relay (74°S) broke or tied six monthly temperature records throughout the year, with August breaking its record by nearly 8°C. However, cool conditions in the western Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea sector contributed to a low melt season overall for 2017/18. High SSTs contributed to low summer sea ice extent in the Ross and Weddell Seas in 2018, underpinning the second lowest Antarctic summer minimum sea ice extent on record. Despite conducive conditions for its formation, the ozone hole at its maximum extent in September was near the 2000-18 mean, likely due to an ongoing slow decline in stratospheric chlorine monoxide concentration. Across the oceans, globally averaged SST decreased slightly since the record El Niño year of 2016 but was still far above the climatological mean. On average, SST is increasing at a rate of 0.10° ± 0.01°C decade−1 since 1950. The warming appeared largest in the tropical Indian Ocean and smallest in the North Pacific. The deeper ocean continues to warm year after year. For the seventh consecutive year, global annual mean sea level became the highest in the 26-year record, rising to 81 mm above the 1993 average. As anticipated in a warming climate, the hydrological cycle over the ocean is accelerating: dry regions are becoming drier and wet regions rainier. Closer to the equator, 95 named tropical storms were observed during 2018, well above the 1981-2010 average of 82. Eleven tropical cyclones reached Saffir-Simpson scale Category 5 intensity. North Atlantic Major Hurricane Michael's landfall intensity of 140 kt was the fourth strongest for any continental U.S. hurricane landfall in the 168-year record. Michael caused more than 30 fatalities and $25 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages. In the western North Pacific, Super Typhoon Mangkhut led to 160 fatalities and $6 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages across the Philippines, Hong Kong, Macau, mainland China, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Tropical Storm Son-Tinh was responsible for 170 fatalities in Vietnam and Laos. Nearly all the islands of Micronesia experienced at least moderate impacts from various tropical cyclones. Across land, many areas around the globe received copious precipitation, notable at different time scales. Rodrigues and Réunion Island near southern Africa each reported their third wettest year on record. In Hawaii, 1262 mm precipitation at Waipā Gardens (Kauai) on 14-15 April set a new U.S. record for 24-h precipitation. In Brazil, the city of Belo Horizonte received nearly 75 mm of rain in just 20 minutes, nearly half its monthly average. Globally, fire activity during 2018 was the lowest since the start of the record in 1997, with a combined burned area of about 500 million hectares. This reinforced the long-term downward trend in fire emissions driven by changes in land use in frequently burning savannas. However, wildfires burned 3.5 million hectares across the United States, well above the 2000-10 average of 2.7 million hectares. Combined, U.S. wildfire damages for the 2017 and 2018 wildfire seasons exceeded $40 billion (U.S. dollars).

Published
2019

15. State of the Climate in 2018

Author

Arndt, D. S., Blunden, J., Dunn, R. J. H., Stanitski, D. M., Gobron, N., Willett, K. M., Sanchez-lugo, A., Berrisford, P., Morice, C., Nicolas, Jp, Carrea, L., Woolway, R. I., Merchant, C. J., Dokulil, M. T., De Eyto, E., Degasperi, C. L., Korhonen, J., Marszelewski, W., May, L., Paterson, A. M., Rusak, J. A., Schladow, S. G., Schmid, M., Verburg, P., Watanabe, S., Weyhenmeyer, G. A., King, A. D., Donat, M. G., Christy, J. R., Po-chedley, S., Mears, C. R., Haimberger, L., Covey, C., Randel, W., Noetzli, J., Biskaborn, B. K., Christiansen, H. H., Isaksen, K., Schoeneich, P., Smith, S., Vieira, G., Zhao, L., Streletskiy, D. A., Robinson, D. A., Pelto, M., Berry, D. I., Bosilovich, M. G., Simmons, A. J., Mears, C., Ho, S. P., Bock, O., Zhou, X., Nicolas, J, Vose, R. S., Adler, R., Gu, G., Becker, A., Yin, X, Tye, M. R., Blenkinsop, S., Durre, I., Ziese, M., Collow, A. B. Marquardt, Rustemeier, E., Foster, M. J., Di Girolamo, L., Frey, R. A., Heidinger, A. K., Sun-mack, S., Phillips, C., Menzel, W. P., Stengel, M., Zhao, G., Kim, H., Rodell, M., Li, B., Famiglietti, J. S., Scanlon, T., Van Der Schalie, R., Preimesberger, W., Reimer, C., Hahn, S., Gruber, A., Kidd, R., De Jeu, R. A. M., Dorigo, W. A., Barichivich, J., Osborn, T. J., Harris, I., Van Der Schrier, G., Jones, P. D., Miralles, D. G., Martens, B., Beck, H. E., Dolman, A. J., Jimenez, C., Mccabe, M. F., Wood, E. F., Allan, R., Azorin-molina, C., Mears, C. A., Mcvicar, T. R., Mayer, M., Schenzinger, V., Hersbach, H., Stackhouse, P. W., Jr., Wong, T., Kratz, D. P., Sawaengphokhai, P., Wilber, A. C., Gupta, S. K., Loeb, N. G., Dlugokencky, E. J., Hall, B. D., Montzka, S. A., Dutton, G., Muhle, J., Elkins, J. W., Miller, Br, Remy, S., Bellouin, N., Kipling, Z., Ades, M., Benedetti, A., Boucher, O., Weber, M., Steinbrecht, W., Arosio, C., Van Der A, R., Frith, S. M., Anderson, J., Coldewey-egbers, M., Davis, S., Degenstein, D., Fioletov, V. E., Froidevaux, L., Hubert, D., Long, C. S., Loyola, D., Rozanov, A., Roth, C., Sofieva, V., Tourpali, K., Wang, R., Wild, J. D., Davis, S. M., Rosenlof, K. H., Hurst, D. F., Selkirk, H. B., Vomel, H., Ziemke, J. R., Cooper, O. R., Flemming, J., Inness, A., Pinty, B., Kaiser, J. W., Van Der Werf, G. R., Hemming, D. L., Garforth, J., Park, T., Richardson, A. D., Rutishauser, T., Sparks, T. H., Thackeray, S. J., Myneni, R., Lumpkin, R., Huang, B., Kennedy, J., Xue, Y., Zhang, H. -m., Hu, C., Wang, M., Johnson, G. C., Lyman, J. M., Boyer, T., Cheng, L., Domingues, C. M., Gilson, J., Ishii, M., Killick, R. E., Monselesan, D., Purkey, S. G., Wijffels, S. E., Locarnini, R., Yu, L., Jin, X., Stackhouse, P. W., Kato, S., Weller, R. A., Thompson, P. R., Widlansky, M. J., Leuliette, E., Sweet, W., Chambers, D. P., Hamlington, B. D., Jevrejeva, S., Marra, J. J., Merrifield, M. A., Mitchum, G. T., Nerem, R. S., Kelble, C., Karnauskas, M., Hubbard, K., Goni, G., Streeter, C., Dohan, K., Franz, B. A., Cetinic, I., Karakoylu, E. M., Siegel, D. A., Westberry, T. K., Feely, R. A., Wanninkhof, R., Carter, B. R., Landschutzer, P., Sutton, A. J., Cosca, C., Trinanes, J. A., Baxter, S., Schreck, C., Bell, G. D., Mullan, A. B., Pezza, A. B., Coelho, C. A. S., Wang, B., He, Q., Diamond, H. J., Schreck, C. J., Blake, E. S., Landsea, C. W., Wang, H., Goldenberg, S. B., Pasch, R. J., Klotzbach, P. J., Kruk, M. C., Camargo, S. J., Trewin, B. C., Pearce, P. R., Lorrey, A. M., Domingues, R., Goni, G. J., Knaff, J. A., Lin, I. -i., Bringas, F., Richter-menge, J., Osborne, E., Druckenmiller, M., Jeffries, M. O., Overland, J. E., Hanna, E., Hanssen-bauer, I., Kim, S. -j., Walsh, J. E., Bhatt, U. S., Timmermans, M. -l., Ladd, C., Perovich, D., Meier, W., Tschudi, M., Farrell, S., Hendricks, S., Gerland, S., Haas, C., Krumpen, T., Polashenski, C., Ricker, R, Webster, M., Stabeno, P. J., Tedesco, M., Box, J. E., Cappelen, J., Fausto, R. S., Fettweis, X., Andersen, J. K., Mote, T., Smeets, C. J. P. P., Van As, D., Van De Wal, R. S. W., Romanovsky, V. E., Smith, S. L., Shiklomanov, N. I., Kholodov, A. L., Drozdov, D. S., Malkova, G. V., Marchenko, S. S., Jella, K. B., Mudryk, L., Brown, R., Derksen, C., Luojus, K., Decharme, B., Holmes, R. M., Shiklomanov, A. I., Suslova, A., Tretiakov, M., Mcclelland, J. W., Spencer, R. G. M., Tank, S. E., Epstein, H., Bhatt, U., Raynolds, M., Walker, D., Forbes, B., Phoenix, G., Bjerke, J., Tommervik, H., Karlsen, S. -r., Goetz, S., Jia, G., Bernhard, G. H., Grooss, J. -u., Ialongo, I., Johnsen, B., Lakkala, K., Manney, G. L., Mueller, R., Scambos, T., Stammerjohn, S., Clem, K. R., Barreira, S., Fogt, R. L., Colwell, S., Keller, L. M., Lazzara, M. A., Reid, P., Massom, R. A., Lieser, J. L., Meijers, A., Sallee, J. -b., Grey, A., Johnson, K., Arrigo, K., Swart, S., King, B., Meredith, M., Mazloff, M., Scardilli, A., Claus, F., Shuman, C. A., Kramarova, N., Newman, P. A., Nash, E. R., Strahan, S. E., Johnson, B., Pitts, M., Santee, M. L., Petropavlovskikh, I., Braathen, G. O., Coy, L., De Laat, J., Bissolli, P., Ganter, C., Li, T., Mekonnen, A., Gleason, K., Smith, A., Fenimore, C., Heim, R. R., Jr., Nauslar, N. J., Brown, T. J., Mcevoy, D. J., Lareau, N. P., Amador, J. A., Hidalgo, H. G., Alfaro, E. J., Calderon, B., Mora, N., Stephenson, T. S., Taylor, M. A., Trotman, A. R., Van Meerbeeck, C. J., Campbell, J. D., Brown, A., Spence, J., Martinez, R., Diaz, E., Marin, D., Hernandez, R., Caceres, L., Zambrano, E., Nieto, J., Marengo, J. A., Espinoza, J. C., Alves, L. M., Ronchail, J., Lavado-casimiro, J. W., Ramos, I., Davila, C., Ramos, A. M., Diniz, F. A., Aliaga-nestares, V., Castro, A. Y., Stella, J. L., Aldeco, L. S., Diaz, D. A. Campos, Misevicius, N., Kabidi, K., Sayouri, A., Elkharrim, M., Mostafa, A. E., Hagos, S., Feng, Z., Ijampy, J. A., Sima, F., Francis, S. D., Tsidu, G. Mengistu, Kruger, A. C., Mcbride, C., Jumaux, G., Dhurmea, K. R., Belmont, M., Rakotoarimalala, C. L., Labbe, L., Rosner, B., Benedict, I., Van Heerwaarden, C., Weerts, A., Hazeleger, W., Trachte, K., Zhu, Z., Zhang, P., Lee, T. C., Ripaldi, A., Mochizuki, Y., Lim, J. -y, Oyunjargal, L., Timbal, B., Srivastava, A. K., Revadekar, J. V., Rajeevan, M., Shimpo, A., Khoshkam, M., Kazemi, A. Fazl, Zeyaeyan, S., Lander, M. A., Mcgree, S., Tobin, S., Bettio, L., Arndt, D. S., Blunden, J., Dunn, R. J. H., Stanitski, D. M., Gobron, N., Willett, K. M., Sanchez-lugo, A., Berrisford, P., Morice, C., Nicolas, Jp, Carrea, L., Woolway, R. I., Merchant, C. J., Dokulil, M. T., De Eyto, E., Degasperi, C. L., Korhonen, J., Marszelewski, W., May, L., Paterson, A. M., Rusak, J. A., Schladow, S. G., Schmid, M., Verburg, P., Watanabe, S., Weyhenmeyer, G. A., King, A. D., Donat, M. G., Christy, J. R., Po-chedley, S., Mears, C. R., Haimberger, L., Covey, C., Randel, W., Noetzli, J., Biskaborn, B. K., Christiansen, H. H., Isaksen, K., Schoeneich, P., Smith, S., Vieira, G., Zhao, L., Streletskiy, D. A., Robinson, D. A., Pelto, M., Berry, D. I., Bosilovich, M. G., Simmons, A. J., Mears, C., Ho, S. P., Bock, O., Zhou, X., Nicolas, J, Vose, R. S., Adler, R., Gu, G., Becker, A., Yin, X, Tye, M. R., Blenkinsop, S., Durre, I., Ziese, M., Collow, A. B. Marquardt, Rustemeier, E., Foster, M. J., Di Girolamo, L., Frey, R. A., Heidinger, A. K., Sun-mack, S., Phillips, C., Menzel, W. P., Stengel, M., Zhao, G., Kim, H., Rodell, M., Li, B., Famiglietti, J. S., Scanlon, T., Van Der Schalie, R., Preimesberger, W., Reimer, C., Hahn, S., Gruber, A., Kidd, R., De Jeu, R. A. M., Dorigo, W. A., Barichivich, J., Osborn, T. J., Harris, I., Van Der Schrier, G., Jones, P. D., Miralles, D. G., Martens, B., Beck, H. E., Dolman, A. J., Jimenez, C., Mccabe, M. F., Wood, E. F., Allan, R., Azorin-molina, C., Mears, C. A., Mcvicar, T. R., Mayer, M., Schenzinger, V., Hersbach, H., Stackhouse, P. W., Jr., Wong, T., Kratz, D. P., Sawaengphokhai, P., Wilber, A. C., Gupta, S. K., Loeb, N. G., Dlugokencky, E. J., Hall, B. D., Montzka, S. A., Dutton, G., Muhle, J., Elkins, J. W., Miller, Br, Remy, S., Bellouin, N., Kipling, Z., Ades, M., Benedetti, A., Boucher, O., Weber, M., Steinbrecht, W., Arosio, C., Van Der A, R., Frith, S. M., Anderson, J., Coldewey-egbers, M., Davis, S., Degenstein, D., Fioletov, V. E., Froidevaux, L., Hubert, D., Long, C. S., Loyola, D., Rozanov, A., Roth, C., Sofieva, V., Tourpali, K., Wang, R., Wild, J. D., Davis, S. M., Rosenlof, K. H., Hurst, D. F., Selkirk, H. B., Vomel, H., Ziemke, J. R., Cooper, O. R., Flemming, J., Inness, A., Pinty, B., Kaiser, J. W., Van Der Werf, G. R., Hemming, D. L., Garforth, J., Park, T., Richardson, A. D., Rutishauser, T., Sparks, T. H., Thackeray, S. J., Myneni, R., Lumpkin, R., Huang, B., Kennedy, J., Xue, Y., Zhang, H. -m., Hu, C., Wang, M., Johnson, G. C., Lyman, J. M., Boyer, T., Cheng, L., Domingues, C. M., Gilson, J., Ishii, M., Killick, R. E., Monselesan, D., Purkey, S. G., Wijffels, S. E., Locarnini, R., Yu, L., Jin, X., Stackhouse, P. W., Kato, S., Weller, R. A., Thompson, P. R., Widlansky, M. J., Leuliette, E., Sweet, W., Chambers, D. P., Hamlington, B. D., Jevrejeva, S., Marra, J. J., Merrifield, M. A., Mitchum, G. T., Nerem, R. S., Kelble, C., Karnauskas, M., Hubbard, K., Goni, G., Streeter, C., Dohan, K., Franz, B. A., Cetinic, I., Karakoylu, E. M., Siegel, D. A., Westberry, T. K., Feely, R. A., Wanninkhof, R., Carter, B. R., Landschutzer, P., Sutton, A. J., Cosca, C., Trinanes, J. A., Baxter, S., Schreck, C., Bell, G. D., Mullan, A. B., Pezza, A. B., Coelho, C. A. S., Wang, B., He, Q., Diamond, H. J., Schreck, C. J., Blake, E. S., Landsea, C. W., Wang, H., Goldenberg, S. B., Pasch, R. J., Klotzbach, P. J., Kruk, M. C., Camargo, S. J., Trewin, B. C., Pearce, P. R., Lorrey, A. M., Domingues, R., Goni, G. J., Knaff, J. A., Lin, I. -i., Bringas, F., Richter-menge, J., Osborne, E., Druckenmiller, M., Jeffries, M. O., Overland, J. E., Hanna, E., Hanssen-bauer, I., Kim, S. -j., Walsh, J. E., Bhatt, U. S., Timmermans, M. -l., Ladd, C., Perovich, D., Meier, W., Tschudi, M., Farrell, S., Hendricks, S., Gerland, S., Haas, C., Krumpen, T., Polashenski, C., Ricker, R, Webster, M., Stabeno, P. J., Tedesco, M., Box, J. E., Cappelen, J., Fausto, R. S., Fettweis, X., Andersen, J. K., Mote, T., Smeets, C. J. P. P., Van As, D., Van De Wal, R. S. W., Romanovsky, V. E., Smith, S. L., Shiklomanov, N. I., Kholodov, A. L., Drozdov, D. S., Malkova, G. V., Marchenko, S. S., Jella, K. B., Mudryk, L., Brown, R., Derksen, C., Luojus, K., Decharme, B., Holmes, R. M., Shiklomanov, A. I., Suslova, A., Tretiakov, M., Mcclelland, J. W., Spencer, R. G. M., Tank, S. E., Epstein, H., Bhatt, U., Raynolds, M., Walker, D., Forbes, B., Phoenix, G., Bjerke, J., Tommervik, H., Karlsen, S. -r., Goetz, S., Jia, G., Bernhard, G. H., Grooss, J. -u., Ialongo, I., Johnsen, B., Lakkala, K., Manney, G. L., Mueller, R., Scambos, T., Stammerjohn, S., Clem, K. R., Barreira, S., Fogt, R. L., Colwell, S., Keller, L. M., Lazzara, M. A., Reid, P., Massom, R. A., Lieser, J. L., Meijers, A., Sallee, J. -b., Grey, A., Johnson, K., Arrigo, K., Swart, S., King, B., Meredith, M., Mazloff, M., Scardilli, A., Claus, F., Shuman, C. A., Kramarova, N., Newman, P. A., Nash, E. R., Strahan, S. E., Johnson, B., Pitts, M., Santee, M. L., Petropavlovskikh, I., Braathen, G. O., Coy, L., De Laat, J., Bissolli, P., Ganter, C., Li, T., Mekonnen, A., Gleason, K., Smith, A., Fenimore, C., Heim, R. R., Jr., Nauslar, N. J., Brown, T. J., Mcevoy, D. J., Lareau, N. P., Amador, J. A., Hidalgo, H. G., Alfaro, E. J., Calderon, B., Mora, N., Stephenson, T. S., Taylor, M. A., Trotman, A. R., Van Meerbeeck, C. J., Campbell, J. D., Brown, A., Spence, J., Martinez, R., Diaz, E., Marin, D., Hernandez, R., Caceres, L., Zambrano, E., Nieto, J., Marengo, J. A., Espinoza, J. C., Alves, L. M., Ronchail, J., Lavado-casimiro, J. W., Ramos, I., Davila, C., Ramos, A. M., Diniz, F. A., Aliaga-nestares, V., Castro, A. Y., Stella, J. L., Aldeco, L. S., Diaz, D. A. Campos, Misevicius, N., Kabidi, K., Sayouri, A., Elkharrim, M., Mostafa, A. E., Hagos, S., Feng, Z., Ijampy, J. A., Sima, F., Francis, S. D., Tsidu, G. Mengistu, Kruger, A. C., Mcbride, C., Jumaux, G., Dhurmea, K. R., Belmont, M., Rakotoarimalala, C. L., Labbe, L., Rosner, B., Benedict, I., Van Heerwaarden, C., Weerts, A., Hazeleger, W., Trachte, K., Zhu, Z., Zhang, P., Lee, T. C., Ripaldi, A., Mochizuki, Y., Lim, J. -y, Oyunjargal, L., Timbal, B., Srivastava, A. K., Revadekar, J. V., Rajeevan, M., Shimpo, A., Khoshkam, M., Kazemi, A. Fazl, Zeyaeyan, S., Lander, M. A., Mcgree, S., Tobin, S., and Bettio, L.

Published
2019

16. Medically Unnecessary Genital Cutting and the Rights of the Child: Moving Toward Consensus

Author

Abdulcadir, J, Adler, PW, Alderson, P, Alexander, S, Aurenque, D, Bader, D, Ben-Yami, H, Bewley, S, Boddy, J, van den Brink, M, Bronselaer, G, Burrage, H, Ceelen, W, Chambers, C, Chegwidden, J, Coene, G, Conroy, R, Dabbagh, H, Davis, DS, Dawson, A, Decruyenaere, J, Dekkers, W, Delaet, D, De Sutter, P, van Dijk, G, Dubuc, E, Dworkin, G, Earp, BD, Baky Fahmy, MA, Ferreira, N, Florquin, S, Frisch, M, Garland, F, Goldman, R, Gruenbaum, E, Heinrichs, G, Herbenick, D, Higashi, Y, Ho, CWL, Hoebeke, P, Johnson, M, Johnson-Agbakwu, C, Karlsen, S, Kim, D, Kling, S, Komba, E, Kraus, C, Kukla, R, Lempert, A, von Gleichen, TL, Macdonald, N, Merli, C, Mishori, R, Möller, K, Monro, S, Moodley, K, Mortier, E, Munzer, SR, Murphy, TF, Nelson, JL, Ncayiyana, DJ, van Niekerk, AA, O’neill, S, Onuki, D, Palacios-González, C, Pang, MG, Proudman, CR, Richard, F, Richards, JR, Reis, E, Rotta, AT, Rubens, R, Sarajlic, E, Sardi, L, Schüklenk, U, Shahvisi, A, Shaw, D, Sidler, D, Steinfeld, R, Sterckx, S, Svoboda, JS, Tangwa, GB, Thomson, M, Tigchelaar, J, Van Biesen, W, Vandewoude, K, Van Howe, RS, Vash-Margita, A, Vissandjée, B, Wahlberg, A, Warren, N, Abdulcadir, J, Adler, PW, Alderson, P, Alexander, S, Aurenque, D, Bader, D, Ben-Yami, H, Bewley, S, Boddy, J, van den Brink, M, Bronselaer, G, Burrage, H, Ceelen, W, Chambers, C, Chegwidden, J, Coene, G, Conroy, R, Dabbagh, H, Davis, DS, Dawson, A, Decruyenaere, J, Dekkers, W, Delaet, D, De Sutter, P, van Dijk, G, Dubuc, E, Dworkin, G, Earp, BD, Baky Fahmy, MA, Ferreira, N, Florquin, S, Frisch, M, Garland, F, Goldman, R, Gruenbaum, E, Heinrichs, G, Herbenick, D, Higashi, Y, Ho, CWL, Hoebeke, P, Johnson, M, Johnson-Agbakwu, C, Karlsen, S, Kim, D, Kling, S, Komba, E, Kraus, C, Kukla, R, Lempert, A, von Gleichen, TL, Macdonald, N, Merli, C, Mishori, R, Möller, K, Monro, S, Moodley, K, Mortier, E, Munzer, SR, Murphy, TF, Nelson, JL, Ncayiyana, DJ, van Niekerk, AA, O’neill, S, Onuki, D, Palacios-González, C, Pang, MG, Proudman, CR, Richard, F, Richards, JR, Reis, E, Rotta, AT, Rubens, R, Sarajlic, E, Sardi, L, Schüklenk, U, Shahvisi, A, Shaw, D, Sidler, D, Steinfeld, R, Sterckx, S, Svoboda, JS, Tangwa, GB, Thomson, M, Tigchelaar, J, Van Biesen, W, Vandewoude, K, Van Howe, RS, Vash-Margita, A, Vissandjée, B, Wahlberg, A, and Warren, N

Published
2019

19. Advanced metal processing enabled by fiber lasers with tunable beam properties

Author

Jáuregui-Misas, César, Supradeepa, V. R., Kliner, Dahv A., Farrow, R. L., Lugo, J., O'Dea, B., Hawke, R., Victor, B., Gross, K., Hodges, A., Brown, A., Pruyn, J., Stephens, R., Foley, B., Almonte, K., Kehoe, B., Hamilton, M., Reynolds, M., Luetjen, C., Lowder, T., Karlsen, S., Balsley, D., Antoina, M., Kokki, T., Swenson, D., Archer, C., Martinsen, R., and Hepp, M.

Published
2022
Full Text
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23. Rapid Fire Abstract: Coronary artery disease: the crucial role of imaging369Left ventricular longitudinal strain is superior to blood biomarkers in prediction of poor exercise capacity in patients with a first-ever STEMI370Early identification of STEMI patients treated with pPCI at risk to develop heart failure during follow-up: speckle tracking echocardiographic study371The clinical and cost effectiveness of stress echocardiography in patients with new onset chest pain and high pre-test probability372PROSPECT CMR study: PROgnostic Stratification in Patients with ST-Elevation myoCardialinfaction over Transthoracic echocardiography by CMR373Exercise induced changes in global longitudinal strain in patients with chest pain and normal troponin-t may identify and rule out coronary artery disease.

Author

Przewlocka-Kosmala, M., primary, Trifunovic, D., primary, Papachristidis, A., primary, Pontone, G., primary, Karlsen, S., primary, Woznicka, AK., additional, Rojek, A., additional, Mysiak, A., additional, Kosmala, W., additional, Krljanac, G., additional, Savic, L., additional, Asanin, M., additional, Lasica, R., additional, Matovic, D., additional, Stepanovic, J., additional, Stankovic, G., additional, Mrdovic, I., additional, Casar Demarco, D., additional, Roper, D., additional, Tsironis, I., additional, Papitsas, M., additional, Byrne, J., additional, Alfakih, K., additional, Monaghan, MJ., additional, Andreini, D., additional, Ferro, G., additional, Guaricci, AI., additional, Guglielmo, M., additional, Mushtaq, S., additional, Baggiano, A., additional, Carita', P., additional, Verdecchia, M., additional, Pepi, M., additional, Dahlslett, T., additional, Grenne, B., additional, Sjoli, B., additional, Smiseth, OA., additional, Edvardsen, T., additional, and Brunvand, H., additional

Published
2016
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24. Poster session 1: Wednesday 3 December 2014, 09:00-16:00Location: Poster area

Author

Tong, L., Huang, C., Ramalli, A., Tortoli, P., Luo, J., D'Hooge, J., Tzemos, N., Mordi, I., Bishay, T., Negishi, T., Hristova, K., Kurosawa, K., Bansal, M., Thavendiranathan, P., Yuda, S., Popescu, B., Vinereanu, D., Penicka, M., Marwick, T., Hamed, W., Kamel, M., Yaseen, R., El Barbary, H., Nemes, A., Kis, O., Gavaller, H., Kanyo, E., Forster, T., Angelis, A., Vlachopoulos, C., Ioakimidis, N., Felekos, I., Chrysohoou, C., Aznaouridis, K., Abdelrasoul, M., Terentes, D., Ageli, K., Stefanadis, C., Kurnicka, K., Domienik Karlowicz, J., Lichodziejewska, B., Goliszek, S., Grudzka, K., Krupa, M., Dzikowska Diduch, O., Ciurzynski, M., Pruszczyk, P., Capllonch, F. G., Ayerbe, J. L., Teis, A., Ferrer, E., Vallejo, N., Junca, G., Pla, R., Bayes Genis, A., Schwaiger, J., Knight, D., Gallimore, A., Schreiber, B., Handler, C., Coghlan, J., Bruno, R. M., Giardini, G., Malacrida, S., Catuzzo, B., Armenia, S., Brustia, R., Ghiadoni, L., Cauchy, E., Pratali, L., Kim, K., Lee, K., Cho, J., Yoon, H., Ahn, Y., Jeong, M., Park, J., Cho, S., Nastase, O., Enache, R., Mateescu, A., Botezatu, D., Ginghina, C., Gu, H., Sinha, M., Simpson, J., Chowienczyk, P., Fazlinezhad, A., Behesthi, A. T., Homaei, F., Mostafavi, H., Hosseini, G., Bakaeiyan, M., Boutsikou, M., Petrou, E., Dimopoulos, A., Dritsas, A., Leontiadis, E., Karatasakis, G., Sahin, S. T., Yurdakul, S., Yilmaz, N., Cengiz, B., Cagatay, Y., Aytekin, S., Yavuz, S., Karlsen, S., Dahlslett, T., Grenne, B., Sjoli, B., Smiseth, O., Edvardsen, T., Brunvand, H., Nasr, G., Nasr, A., Eleraki, A., Elrefai, S., Sonecki, P., Gustafsson, U., Naar, J., Stahlberg, M., Cerne, A., Capotosto, L., Rosato, Edoardo, D'Angeli, I., Azzano, A., Truscelli, G., Maio, M. D., Salsano, F., Terzano, C., Mangieri, E., Vitarelli, A., Renard, S., Najih, H., Mancini, J., Jacquier, A., Haentjens, J., Gaubert, J., Habib, G., Caminiti, G., D'Antoni, V., Cardaci, V., Conti, V., Volterrani, M., Ahn, J., Kim, D., Lee, H., Iliuta, L., Kim, S., Ryu, S., Ko, C., Pyun, Y., Yoon, S., Iudice, F. L., Esposito, R., Lembo, M., Santoro, C., Ballo, P., Mondillo, S., Simone, G. D., Galderisi, M., Hwang, Y., Kim, J., Moon, K., Yoo, K., Kim, C., Tagliamonte, E., Rigo, F., Cirillo, T., Caruso, A., Astarita, C., Cice, G., Quaranta, G., Romano, C., Capuano, N., Calabro', R., Zagatina, A., Zhuravskaya, N., Guseva, O., Huttin, O., Benichou, M., Voilliot, D., Venner, C., Micard, E., Girerd, N., Sadoul, N., Moulin, F., Juilliere, Y., Selton Suty, C., Baron, T., Christersson, C., Johansson, K., Flachskampf, F., Lee, S., Lee, J., Hur, S., Yun, J., Song, S., Kim, W., Ko, J., Nyktari, E., Bilal, S., Ali, S., Izgi, C., Prasad, S., Aly, M., Kleijn, S., Kandil, H., Kamp, O., Beladan, C., Calin, A., Rosca, M., Craciun, A., Gurzun, M., Calin, C., Mornos, C., Mornos, A., Ionac, A., Cozma, D., Crisan, S., Popescu, I., Ionescu, G., Petrescu, L., Camacho, S., Chulian, S. G., Carmona, R., Diaz, E., Giraldez, A., Gutierrez, A., Toro, R., Benezet, J., Antonini Canterin, F., Vriz, O., Carrubba, S. L., Poli, S., Leiballi, E., Zito, C., Careri, S., Caruso, R., Pellegrinet, M., Nicolosi, G., Kong, W., Kyu, K., Wong, R., Tay, E., Yip, J., Yeo, T., Poh, K., Correia, M., Delgado, A., Marmelo, B., Correia, E., Abreu, L., Cabral, C., Gama, P., Santos, O., Rahman, M., Borges, I. P., Peixoto, E., Peixoto, R., Marcolla, V., Okura, H., Kanai, M., Murata, E., Kataoka, T., Stoebe, S., Tarr, A., Pfeiffer, D., Hagendorff, A., Generati, G., Bandera, F., Pellegrino, M., Alfonzetti, E., Labate, V., Guazzi, M., Kuznetsov, V., Yaroslavskaya, E., Pushkarev, G., Krinochkin, D., Zyrianov, I., Carigi, S., Baldazzi, F., Bologna, F., Amati, S., Venturi, P., Grosseto, D., Biagetti, C., Fabbri, E., Arlotti, M., Piovaccari, G., Rahbi, H., Abdulhaq, A. B., Tleyjeh, I., Costantino, M., Tarsia, G., Innelli, P., Dores, E., Esposito, G., Matera, A., Trimarco, B., Mukred, K., Ashurov, R., Tanzilli, G., Merlo, M., Gigli, M., Stolfo, D., Pinamonti, B., Canterin, F. A., Muca, M., D'Angelo, G., Scapol, S., Nucci, M. D., Sinagra, G., Behaghel, A., Feneon, D., Fournet, M., Thebault, C., Martins, R., Mabo, P., Leclercq, C., Daubert, C., Donal, E., Pal, S. D., Chand, N. P., Sanjeev, A., Rajeev, M., Ankur, D., Gopal, S. R., Mzoughi, K., Zairi, I., Jabeur, M., Moussa, F. B., Chaabene, A. B., Kamoun, S., Mrabet, K., Fennira, S., Zargouni, A., Kraiem, S., Demkina, A., Hashieva, F., Krylova, N., Kovalevskaya, E., Potehkina, N., Zaroui, A., Said, R. B., Smaali, S., Rekik, B., Hlima, M. B., Mizouni, H., Mechmeche, R., Mourali, M., Malhotra, A., Sheikh, N., Dhutia, H., Siva, A., Narain, R., Merghani, A., Millar, L., Walker, M., Sharma, S., Papadakis, M., Siam Tsieu, V., Mansencal, N., Arslan, M., Deblaise, J., Dubourg, O., Boudiche, S., Larbi, N., Tababi, N., Hannachi, S., Chalbia, T., Halima, M. B., Boussada, R., Chistyakova, M. V., Govorin, A., Radaeva, E., Lipari, P., Bonapace, S., Valbusa, F., Rossi, A., Zenari, L., Lanzoni, L., Targher, G., Canali, G., Molon, G., Barbieri, E., Novo, G., Giambanco, S., Sutera, M., Bonomo, V., Giambanco, F., Rotolo, A., Evola, S., Assennato, P., Novo, S., Budnik, M., Piatkowski, R., Kochanowski, J., Opolski, G., Chatzistamatiou, E., Vagena, I. M., Manakos, K., Moustakas, G., Konstantinidis, D., Memo, G., Mitsakis, O., Kasakogias, A., Syros, P., Kallikazaros, I., Park, S., Kim, M., Shim, W., Marketou, M., Parthenakis, F., Kalyva, N., Pontikoglou, C., Maragkoudakis, S., Zacharis, E., Patrianakos, A., Maragoudakis, F., Papadaki, H., Vardas, P., Rodrigues, A., Perandini, L. A., Souza, T., Sa Pinto, A., Borba, E., Arruda, A., Furtado, M., Carvalho, F., Bonfa, E., Andrade, J., Hlubocka, Z., Malinova, V., Palecek, T., Danzig, V., Kuchynka, P., Dostalova, G., Zeman, J., Linhart, A., Trachanas, K., Vergi, N., Feretou, A., Corut, H., Sade, L. E., Ozin, B., Atar, I., Turgay, O., Muderrisoglu, H., Ledakowicz Polak, A., Polak, L., Krauza, G., Zielinska, M., Szulik, M., Streb, W., Wozniak, A., Lenarczyk, R., Sliwinska, A., Kalarus, Z., Kukulski, T., Nogueira, M., Branco, L., Agapito, A., Galrinho, A., Borba, A., Teixeira, P., Monteiro, A., Ramos, R., Cacela, D., Ferreira, R. C., Guala, A., Camporeale, C., Tosello, F., Canuto, C., Ridolfi, L., Traxanas, K., Marinov, R., Stamenov, G., Mihova, M., Persenska, S., Racheva, A., Plaskota, K., Trojnarska, O., Bartczak, A., Grajek, S., Bejiqi, R. R., Retkoceri, R., Bejiqi, H., Beha, A., Surdulli, S., Seya, M., Sasaoka, T., Hirasawa, K., Yoshikawa, S., Maejima, Y., Ashikaga, T., Hirao, K., Isobe, M., Dreyfus, J., Durand Viel, G., Cimadevilla, C., Brochet, E., Vahanian, A., Messika Zeitoun, D., Jin, C., Fang, F., Meng, F., Kam, K., Sun, J., Tsui, G., Wong, K., Wan, S., Yu, C., Lee, A., Cho, I. J., Chung, H., Heo, R., Ha, S., Hong, G., Shim, C., Chang, H., Ha, J., Chung, N., Moral, S., Gruosso, D., Galuppo, V., Teixido, G., Rodriguez Palomares, J., Gutierrez, L., Evangelista, A., Alexopoulos, A., Dawson, D., Nihoyannopoulos, P., Zainal, H. A., Ismail, J., Arshad, K., Ibrahim, Z., Lim, C., Rahman, E. A., Kasim, S., Peteiro, J., Barrio, A., Escudero, A., Bouzas Mosquera, A., Yanez, J., Martinez, D., Castro Beiras, A., Scali, M., Simioniuc, A., Mandoli, G., Lombardo, A., Massaro, F., Bello, V. D., Marzilli, M., Dini, F., Adachi, H., Tomono, J., Oshima, S., Ortega, G. M., Bustos, D. B., Garcia, R. L., Espino, A. S., Quinones, J. M., Ikuta, I., Lopez, M. R., Serrano, F. V., Gonzalez, J. B., Recio, M. G., Romano, G., D'Ancona, G., Pilato, G., Gesaro, G. D., Clemenza, F., Raffa, G., Scardulla, C., Sciacca, S., Lancellotti, P., Pilato, M., Addetia, K., Takeuchi, M., Maffessanti, F., Weinert, L., Hamilton, J., Mor Avi, V., Lang, R., Sugano, A., Seo, Y., Watabe, H., Kakefuda, Y., Aihara, H., Nishina, H., Ishizu, T., Fumikura, Y., Noguchi, Y., Aonuma, K., Luo, X., Shang, Q., Sammut, E. C., Chabinok, R., Jackson, T., Siarkos, M., Lee, L., Carr White, G., Rajani, R., Kapetanakis, S., Byrne, D., Walsh, J., Ellis, L., Mckiernan, S., Norris, S., King, G., Murphy, R., Katova, T., Simova, I., Kostova, V., Shuie, I., Ferferieva, V., Bogdanova, V., Castelon, X., Sasi, V., Domsik, P., Kalapos, A., Lengyel, C., Orosz, A., Grapsa, J., Demir, O., Sharma, R., Senior, R., Pilichowska, E., Zaborska, B., Baran, J., Stec, S., Kulakowski, P., Budaj, A., Herrera, J. E., Palacios, I. F., Mendoza, I., Marquez, J. A., Herrera, J. A., Octavio, J. A., Dempaire, G., Rotolo, M., Kosmala, W., Kaye, G., Saito, M., Negishi, K., Maceira, A. M., Ripoll, C., Cosin Sales, J., Igual, B., Salazar, J., Belloch, V., Dulai, R. S., Taylor, A., Gupta, S., and S. U. C., None

Published
2014

25. Ethnic variations in overweight and obesity among children over time: findings from analyses of the Health Surveys for England 1998-2009

Author

Karlsen, S, Morris, S, Kinra, S, Vallejo-Torres, L, and Viner, R M

Subjects
Male, obesity, Pediatric Obesity, Time Factors, Adolescent, Black People, History, 21st Century, White People, Asian People, Risk Factors, Prevalence, overweight, Humans, Child, Policy Making, Life Style, Child health, History, 20th Century, Health Surveys, Original Researches, Cross-Sectional Studies, Caribbean Region, England, Socioeconomic Factors, Child, Preschool, ethnicity, Female
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The increase in the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in England since the mid-1990s has been dramatic. Cross-sectional evidence suggests ethnic variations in childhood obesity prevalence. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to examine whether and how ethnic variations in childhood overweight/obesity have changed over time, and are affected by socioeconomic factors. METHOD: This study uses logistic regression to analyse ethnic differences in the relative likelihood of being at or above the age- and gender-specific thresholds for overweight and obesity developed by the International Obesity Task Force among children aged between 2 and 15 from 11 ethnic groups included in the Health Surveys for England between 1998 and 2009, adjusting for age, gender, year of data collection and equivalized household income. We separately analyse the likelihood of being at or above the thresholds for overweight (but below those for obesity) and obesity. RESULTS: Trends in overweight/obesity over time among ethnic minority groups do not follow those of white English children. Black African children had higher rates of overweight and obesity, which appear to have peaked, and black Caribbean children had higher rates of obesity than other groups examined, which appear to continue rising. These differences were not explained by socioeconomic variations between groups. CONCLUSION: Policies are required that encourage healthy lifestyles among ethnic minority young people, while engaging with the complexities associated with these choices during childhood and adolescence.

Published
2013

26. Race and ethnicity

Author

Salway, Sarah, Karlsen, S, Hyde, Martin, Allmark, Peter, Salway, Sarah, and Piercy, Hilary

Published
2010

27. Practitioner and client explanations for disparities in health care use between migrant and non-migrant groups in Sweden : A qualitative study

Author

Akhavan, Sharareh, Karlsen, S., Akhavan, Sharareh, and Karlsen, S.

Abstract

To investigate variations in explanations given for disparities in health care use between migrant and non-migrant groups, by clients and care providers in Sweden. Qualitative evidence collected during in-depth interviews with five 'migrant' health service clients and five physicians. The interview data generated three categories which were perceived by respondents to produce ethnic differences in health service use: "Communication issues", "Cultural differences in approaches to medical consultations" and "Effects of perceptions of inequalities in care quality and discrimination". Explanations for disparities in health care use in Sweden can be categorized into those reflecting social/structural conditions and the presence/absence of power and those using cultural/behavioural explanations. The negative perceptions of 'migrant' clients held by some Swedish physicians place the onus for addressing their poor health with the clients themselves and risks perpetuating their health disadvantage. The power disparity between doctors and 'migrant' patients encourages a sense of powerlessness and mistreatment among patients.

Published
2013
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39. Use of health services by children

Author

Reid, F. (Fiona), Sturdy, P. (Patricia), Rogers, A., Karlsen, S., Bruijnzeels, M.A. (Marc), Leung, W.-C. (Wai-Ching), Bragonier, R. (Reg), Arber, S., Cooper, H., Smaje, C., Reid, F. (Fiona), Sturdy, P. (Patricia), Rogers, A., Karlsen, S., Bruijnzeels, M.A. (Marc), Leung, W.-C. (Wai-Ching), Bragonier, R. (Reg), Arber, S., Cooper, H., and Smaje, C.

Published
1999
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41. Genistein differentially regulates prostate-enriched protein expression in prostate cancer cells

Author

Lazarevic, B., Karlsen, S., Kucuk, O., and Saatcioglu, F.

Subjects
Prostate cancer -- Diet therapy, Prostate cancer -- Research, Isoflavones -- Health aspects, Isoflavones -- Research, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

Genistein is the most abundant phytoestrogen component of soybeans. It has been implicated in the prevention of hormone-sensitive cancers, including the breast and prostate, because of its various biological activities, such as inhibition of tyrosine kinases and topoisomerases, androgen- and estrogen-receptor binding, and antioxidant properties. Previous studies on the effects of genistein on prostate cancer cells showed that it inhibits the secreted and intracellular levels of the androgen-regulated protein prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Here, we have assessed whether genistein has similar effects on other prostate-enriched or androgen-regulated genes. Similar to findings with PSA, genistein decreased the levels of kallikrein 4 (KLK4) and NKX3.1 proteins, both of which are androgen-regulated genes highly enriched in prostate expression, in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. In contrast, the expression of the 6 transmembrane proteins of prostate 1 (STAMP1), a highly prostate-enriched protein likely to be involved in endocytic and exocytic pathways, was upregulated in a dose-dependent manner by genistein in LNCaP cells. These data suggest that genistein has variable effects on expression of prostate-enriched proteins. Studies are in progress to dissect the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the effects of genistein on prostate-enriched gene expression and the biological consequences in human prostate cancer.

Published
2004

44. Some views on plants in polar and alpine regions.

Author

Amils, Ricardo, Ellis-Evans, Cynan, Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut, Wielgolaski, F. E., and Karlsen, S. R.

Abstract

Many plants growing in polar and alpine regions clearly solve serious problems of life under extreme climatic conditions, as low temperatures, strong winds, unstable soils and in the North partly 24-h of light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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